US257451A - Lathe for turning fluted and similar work - Google Patents

Description

24Sheets-Sheet 1,

I'. IIANSON.

LATHE FOR TURNING ILUTED AND SIMILAR WORK. No. 257,451. Patented May 2,1882..

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2. F. HANSON.

LATE-N PoR TUNNING FLUTBD AND SIMILAR WORK.

No. 257,451. Patented May 2,1882.

Ligne es 9 Inventor.

(giu/mim UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREEMAN HANSON, F HOLLIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE,Y ASSIGNMENTS, OF

FOUR-FIFTHS T() THE AMERICAN TURNING COMPANY, 0F PORTLAND,

MAINE.

LATHE FOR TURNING FLUTED AND SIMILAR WORK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of nLetters Patent No. 257,451, dated May 2, 1882.

Application tiled February 9, 1880.

To all whom tt may concern:

Be it known that I, FREEMAN HANsoN, of the town of Hollis, county of York, and State of Maine, have invented a new and useful 1`m- 5 provement in Wood-Turning and Hub-Mortising Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

. My invention relates to improvements in wood-turning and hub-mortising machines, by lo which the wood to be operated upon is made l to present a predetermined part of its surface to the action ofthe cutting device at proper intervals, and the mechanism which operates the cutting-device is so adjusted that it acts only when that partof the su-rfaceispresented to it, thus causingthe desired number of edges, points, scallops, indentations, or otherdeviccs to be cut in regularsuccession. The mechanism by which this is done is shown in the aczo companying'drawings, in which Figure 1 is a top plan. Fig. 2 is a side elevation. Fig. 3 is a rear View. Fig. et' is a front view. Fig. 5 is a vertical section at line w of Fig. 1.

The same letters refer to similar parts in the different figures.

A is the frame-work or table, which supports the moving parts ot' the machine.

Bis a crank or pulley, by which power is 3o applied to the machine, and is carried on the shaft a, which also carries the pulleyT C. The shaft a. in t-he other side of the frame-work carries the pulleys Gf, C, and C" and the slotted socket-heads D and D. The pulley O' is connected by the belt b with the pulley C on shaft a, and serves to turn the shaft ct. The pulley C is connected by the belt b with the fast and loose pulley Civ on a shaft, a, which operates a saw for cuttingolf the wood 4o when shaped, as hereinafter described. The pulley 0 is connected bya-belt, b, with the fast and loose pulley CV on the shal't c", which carries vthe gear-wheel G.

The slotted socket-head D has a crank-rod,

4 5 c, fastened to it by the connecting-pin d, which is adjustable in the slot and regulates the throw of the crank-rod. The other end of the crank-rod is fastened to an elbow-lever, e, with its fnlcrum in the frame-work at j, the other end of the elbow-lever being fastened to the 5o sliding head-stock E, which, when thus connected, slides backward and forward in the slot It and guide-cleats g g, parallel to the shafts and the wood to be cut. The slotted socket-head D has also a connecting-rod, c', 55 fastened to it by the same adjustable connecting-pin, d, pivoted at f to a lever, c, which has its fulcrum atf, and is fastened atf' to a reciprocating arm, 6', the other end of which is fastened to the sliding head-stock E when 6o the elbow-lever c is disconnected therefrom. When thus connected the head-stock faces at right angles to its formerposition, and has a backward and forward motion in the slot h and guide-cleats g g across the plane of the wood to be ent and at right angles to the shafts.

The head-stock E has a rotating and sliding arbor, t', in which the cutting device is held. When the cutter-head slidesin the sloth-that 7o is, parallel to the wood to be cutthe arbor holds a circular saw or an auger. When in Y the slot L-that is, when it slides across thc plane of the wood to be cut-thealbor holds a turning chisel or knife. Thelenglhof slidein eithercase is determined, as before explained, by the adjustment ot' the connecting-pin d in the slot of the slotted socket-head D.

The slotted socket-head D has a crank-rod,

c', fastened to it by the counectingpin d', which 8o is made adjustable in the slot to change the eccen tricity of the crankrod, as desired. The other end of the crank'rod c is fastened to an arm, 7', hung loosely on the shaft 60"', but not revolving with it. This arm carries the pawl m, and is fastened to the crank-rod c aby the screw 7c. The throw ot' the arm j, and hence ot' the pawl m, is determined by the particular hole l l l in the arm j, in which the screw lc for the time being is fastened. go

G is a gear-wheelcarried by the shaft af.

H is a ratchet-wheel rigidly fastened to the gearwheel G by the pin n, but removable to allow the substitution ot' ratchet-wheels of a. different number of teeth. Y 495 'At thebeginning of each throw of the cranln rod c the pawl m leaves the tooth last en gaged by it, and, passing over several teeth during the outward and upward motion ofthe crank-rod, engages another tooth of the ratchet-wheel H at the lnoment the crank-rod has reached the end of its upward motion. tooth is held by the pawl m, and the wheels are thereby turned a given fraction ot' a revolution until the erankrod reaches its lowest position, when the tooth is released, and the wheels cease moving until a new tooth is engaged, as before. Thus if there are thirty-five teeth in the ratchet-wheel II the pawl m and crankrod c' may be so adjusted as to engage every fifth or every seventh tooth, and there will be seven or ve stops during one revolution of the'gear-wheel G. If the ratchet-wheel has thirty-six teeth, there may be three, four, six, nine, or twelve stops during one revolution, according to the adjustment.

I is a gear-wheel on the collare", which turns in a journal-ease on the tixed post J and rotates the chuck-shaft or mandrel o, which carries the chuck o'. This gear-wheel I, having half the number of teeth of thc gear-wheel G, into which it meshes, makes double the number of revolutions and half the number of stops in one revolution. The mandrel o is slotted nearly its whole length, so that it can be turned by the gear-wheel I by means of the spline without preventing its sliding forward when desired. The other end of the mandrel o is held by a traveling post, K, moving by a pinion, S', on its under side, which engages with the teeth of the rack r. This motion is given to the post K through the wheel q by the hand of the operator, and to prevent its moving too far it may be provided with a ratchetwheel, s, and a pawl, t, which allows only one tooth to escape at a tim 'i is a fixed post at the other end of th e dit r, and is provided with a revolving collar, a, through which the wood passes from the chuck o'. The wood is made to revolve with the collar by the spikes a'. Thus two motions may be imparted to the wood to be cut-an intermittently-rotating motion by means ot' the pawl m and ratchetwheel H, or a constant rotation by disengaging the pawl and turning the wheels by the pulley CV and shaft a"'. In addition to these the bed-plate or. that part ofthe frame which holds the uprights J, K, and L and the rack r, instead of being stationary, may be made to rock from side to side, as shown in my Iatent No. 214,652', dated April 22, 1879, for iinprovements in wood-turning machines, or to slide transversely or longitudinally, as shown in my Patent No. 221,303, dated November 4, 1879, for improvement in scalloping-maehines; or the bed-plate may have both these motions or lany other motion which will not interfere with the working of the pawl and ratchet, chuck-shaft, and traveling post. These different motions of the bed-plate change the character of the shapes to be cut, as explained in said patents. v

M is a handle pivoted at p' to a post M', which is fastened to the frame-work, and hold- This ing a small pulley, e, kept in rotation by a belt, b"',.fronx the pulley Gvi on the shaft a", which is rotated 4as before described. This handle also carries a circular saw, w, which, being kept in rotation by'the pulley 0, if desired,ents ott' the end ofthe wood when shaped. It is raised into contact with the wood and lowered again by the hand of the operator.

The operation of the machine is as follows: To turn disks or buttons with scalloped, pointed, regular or irregular outlines, 81e., the wood is intermittently rotated by the pawl m and ratchet-wheel H, as before described, adjusted to make the desired number of stops in one revolution, which, for the gear-wheel G, is twice the number of the points or scallops to be cut. The cutting-tool or chisel earried by the head-stock E, which in this case slides across the plane of the wood to be out, is in rapid rotation, and is brought up to the edge of the wood while stationary. Vhen the head-stock E slides back from the wood the wood is turned another given fraction ot' a revolution and presents another edgeto be shaped by the cutting-tool when again brought forward. The whole disk having been shaped, it is cut off and the wood moved forward by the wheel q into position for a new disk to be formed. The edges of thedisks will be straight, curved, or hollowed, according to the supplemental motions given to the wood by the movements of the bed-plate before described.

To cnt pointed figures other than disks, the head-stock E carries a circular saw in rapid rotation and slides parallel to the wood to be cnt. In other respects the operation is the same as before.

To turn crescents, the crank-rod c' and pawl m are disconnected and the belt b" shifted to turn the pulley C". A constant rotation is thus imparted to the wood, as before mentioned. By setting thc head-stock E upon a sliding bed, which moves in the guide-cleats g g g' g', and pivoting the lower end of the head-stock on two set-screws in thc sliding bed, a lateralrocking motion may be imparted to the upper part of the head. This may be done by a handle or by a belt running to a treadle, as most convenient. In this way a portion ot' the circle which would otherwise be formed is cut away, leaving a crescent, which may be made full or thin, as desired. A kind of double crescent may be made by cutting from the opposite edges of the circle toward the center.

I claim- 1. The combination ot' a slotted socket-head, D', adjustable crank-rod c', adjustable arm j, and pawl m, carried by said arm and engaging the teeth ot' a ratchet-wheel, H, all as hereinbefore shown and described.

2. The eombin ation of the crank-rod o', made adjustable at both ends, with an arm, j, and )pawl on to act upon a system of gear-wheels and impart an intermittent rotation to the l wood to be cut.

3. The combination of the chuck-shaft o,

IOO

IIO

IIS

gear-wheels G and I, ratchet-wheel H, pawl m, and adjustable crank-rod c', arranged to i impart a definite intermittent rotation to the chuck-shaft, as hereinbefore described.

5 4. A sliding head-stock, E, and revolving arbor i, armed with any suitable cutting-tool, in combination with an intermittently-rotated ehnckshaft,o, as hereinbefore shown -and de- 1o 5. A sliding` head-stock, E, and revolvingl and sliding` arbor i, moved byadj ustable crankrods and slotted socket-heads, in combination with the chuck-shaft o, and gear-wheels G and I, arranged to impart alternately a constant or intermittent rotation to the latbeehnek 0', as 15 and for the purposes described.

FREEMAN HANSON. Witnesses:

GEO. E. BIRD, DANI.. H. BAooN.

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