US256778A - Edwakd weston - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

E. WESTON.

DYNAMC ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Patented Apr. 18

N. Pains, nmo-'Lnmgmpnm-- wmingnon. D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT @Errea EDIVARD lVESTON, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent N0. 256,778, dated April 18, 1882.

Application filed February QI, 1882.

To atl whom yit may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD WEs'roN, a subject ofthe Queen of Great Britain, and resident ot' Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in DynamoEleetric Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the' drawings accompanying and forming a part of the same.

My invention concerns the construction of dynamo-electric machines, having reference particularly to such as employ a cylindrical core or armature upon which conductors are wound in a manner to pass through the magnetic ield at right angles to the tield of force and are connected to insulated segments et' a eommutator. In such machines the convolutions of wire are carried from one side of the armature to the other by winding them upon the cylinder in a direction parallel to the axis. By this method of winding as ordinarily carried out there is formed at each end ofthe cylinder a mass of inert wire, due to the bending over and overlapping ofthe conductors. This is attended with many disadvantages, which are the greater as the size of the conductors or number of the convolutions is increased, as it adds very considerably to the length of the armature, and in some instancesinterteres seriously with mounting the cylinder on a shaft. With a view mainly to reducing the amount ot' inert conductors thus formed, to shortening the armature without impairiug its etticiency, and to avoid bending the conductors over the ends of the same Iemploy, in conjunction with the conductors lying parallel with the axis of the cylinder, an end cross connecting-piece formed from and independently of the said conductors, and to which the ends of the con-A ductors are mechanically attached in lieu ot' being bent and wound over the cylinder ends. These cross connectingpieces aii'ord a convenient means of connecting the lengths of active conductors on opposite sides of the cylinder, whatever may be the manner in which the said conductors are disposed-as, for instance, a number ofconductors may be connected with one cross connecting-piece, or a single cross connecting-piece may be employed for each pair or couple of conductors. In either case the connecting-pieces may be so formed as to (No model.)

occupy but little space, and a compact and eticient armature constructed by employing them.

The means ot' forming the requisite conne@ tions according to my invention I will illustrate by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which is represented a machine ot' a type shown and described by me in another application-to wit, No.43,930and in which the conductors, enveloping the armature, are wound and connected in such manner as to form with the external circuit a number ot' branch circuits arranged with relation thereto in multiple arc. In this machine, as explained in my said application, the ends of the active conductors are connected to oppositesegments ot' the commutator, and are carried around the cylindrical armature. In order to avoid the crossing or overlapping of the conductors, which this requires, I employ a plate or disk, to which the several conductors are mechanically connected in a manner to aftord good electrical contact. By this means the cross- COlIllGGtIOll l l`lIIS COlIIlUOlI IDGHUS Of COllI- munication between the inner or rear ends otevery conductor wit-h all the. others, and as the currents generated by the motion of the armature are in onehaltl the conductors of opposite direction to those in the rest, the result will he that with a properly-formed commutator the segments on opposite sides ot' a line bisecting the same will be of opposite po larity, and brushes applied thereto will take eti' a current.

I do not restrict myselt` to the use of a cross connecting-piece of any special form or size, excepting, ot' course, that it should have a cross-sectional area at least equal to that ot the conductors which it connects. For iustance, the conneetingpiece maybe formed as a strip, bent at the point where it meets the lshaft, so as to pass around it, or formed with an annulus at that point to permit the passage ot' the shaft. Incase a number ot strips be employed they can be swaged or formed into shapes which will permit them to interlock and also lie in a measure side by side, proper precautions being taken, ot' course, to insulate them according to the necessities of the case. The point I have in view is to avoid accumulation ot' inert conductors at the end or ends ot the armature, and also to provide a conven- IOO ient means by which longitudinal conductors 3o from one another.

neeted together, whatever be the particular system of winding adopted. These and other ad\l'antageous results l obtain by the employment, as above described, of a cross connecting-piece, which is formed separately from and independently of the conductors, and is mechanically attached to them in the process of building up the. armature.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a view in elevation of a machine involving the invention; Fig. 2, a sectional view on the line r ot' the armature; Fig. 3, a rear view of the armature, showing the connectil'ig-piece and conductors attached thereto, and the shaft in section on the line yy of Fig.2; Fig. 4, an end view ot' the armature and section of shalt on line a z of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a modified t'orm ot' commutator.

The machine is mounted on a base, A', the field-magnets B B secured to a standard or frame, A, and t-he armature D mounted in suitable bearings in position to revolve between polepieces C (l.

The armature, as illustrated in the drawings, is shown to consist of an insulating-huh, L, mounted on a shaft, E. On this hub a number of iron rings, F F, are strung and insulated At the rear or pulley end of the armature is fixed a copper connectingpiece, H, which is here shown as a circular plate with an annulus, through which the shaft E passes. The conductors G G are laid longitudinally along the cylindrical core formed by the rings F, and at the rearend are connected in any proper manner to the connecting-piece H. while these free ends are carried over to the -ot-her end of the cylinder, as shown in Fig.

description brushes d d are to be employed, which press against a number of the segments simultaneously, and thus connect the conductors joined there to a multiple are. Instead of this commutator, however, others may be employed-such, for instance, as is illustrated in Fig. 5, where the segments, formed as spirals, are attached to an insulated sleeve and connected to the armattire-conductors in a manner similar to that illustrated in Fig. l. The brushes bear upon this commutator at two points, the spiral form of the segments serving to keep a number ofactive conductors in electrical connection with the brushes simultaneously.

In principle of construction and in operation the abovedescribcd machine is substantially the same as that shown and described in my previous application, above referred to, the means of connecting the conductors at the end ofthe cylinder herein set l'orth being the only feature of material difference.

It will be understood that the character ot' the cross connecting-pieces H, or the number of said pieces employed, will be largely governed by the character of the armature and the purposes to which it is to be applied.

I'laving described my invention and the manner in which the same is or maybe carried into etfect, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In a dynamo-electric machine, a rotating armature, the longitudinal conductors ot' which are connected across the end or ends of the armature by a connecting-piece formed separately from and iiulependently of the said conductors, and to which the ends of the conductors are mechanicallyattached or united, substantially as hereinbefore set foi th.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of February, A. l). 1882.

EDWARD lVESTON.

Witnesses W. Fntsnv, HENRY A. BEGKMEYER.

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