US2564263A - Governing means, including a fluid pressure responsive member and a control device therefor - Google Patents

Governing means, including a fluid pressure responsive member and a control device therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
US2564263A
US2564263A US696012A US69601246A US2564263A US 2564263 A US2564263 A US 2564263A US 696012 A US696012 A US 696012A US 69601246 A US69601246 A US 69601246A US 2564263 A US2564263 A US 2564263A
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Prior art keywords
pump
fluid pressure
control device
responsive member
device therefor
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Expired - Lifetime
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US696012A
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Ifield Richard Joseph
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ZF International UK Ltd
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Joseph Lucas Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D1/00—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2700/00—Mechanical control of speed or power of a single cylinder piston engine
    • F02D2700/02—Controlling by changing the air or fuel supply
    • F02D2700/0269—Controlling by changing the air or fuel supply for air compressing engines with compression ignition
    • F02D2700/0282—Control of fuel supply
    • F02D2700/0284—Control of fuel supply by acting on the fuel pump control element
    • F02D2700/0289—Control of fuel supply by acting on the fuel pump control element depending on the pressure of a gaseous or liquid medium

Definitions

  • GOVERNING MEANS INCLUDING A FLUID PRESSURE REsPoNsIvE MEMBER AND A CONTROL DEVICE THEREFOR Filed Sept. 10, 1946 Patented Aug. 14, 1951
  • GOVERNING MEANS INCLUDING A FLUID PRESSURE RESPONSIVE MEMBER AND A CONTROL DEVICE THEREFOR Richard Joseph Ifield, Birmingham, England, as-
  • This invention relates to governing means for use with variable delivery pumps and of the kind having fluid operable means for varying the pump output. More particularly the invention is required for pumps of the swash plate type used for supplying liquid fuel to internal combustion prime movers.
  • the system containing such a pump is provided with a manually operable or other throttle valve for varying the rate of delivery of liquid in accordance with variations of demand, it is desirable to vary correspondingly the rate of delivery from the pump, and the object of the present invention is to enable this requirement to be satisfied automatically in a simple and convenient manner.
  • the accompanying drawing is a diagrammatic sectional side view illustrating the invention applied to a variable delivery pumpof the swashplate type for supplying liquid fuel to an internal combustion prime mover.
  • the liquid fuel pump shown in the drawing comprises a rotary body part a arranged in a casing b and having formed around its axis a plurality of bores in each of which is arranged a reciprocatory plunger.
  • the body part a is adapted to be driven in any convenient manner by the prime mover (not shown) to be supplied with liquid fuel from the pump.
  • the plungers, swash plate, and associated parts of the pump are well known, and are not shown in the drawing.
  • the seating g is formed with port h communicating with a liquid fuel inlet passage i and with another port 9' communicating with a liquid fuel delivery passage k
  • a cylinder m having closed ends.
  • a piston o loaded by a spring 11 and extending from one side of the piston and through a bore in the casing b at the inner end of the cylinder is a rod q the latter being connected to the swash plate of the pump so that movement of the piston serves to adjust the position of the swash plate for varying the rate of delivery of the pump.
  • the inner end of the cylinder m is in free communication with the delivery passage k through a passage 1 in the casing b and also communicates with the outer end of the cylinder through a restricted passage the spring 11 being arranged between the outer end of the cylinder and'the adjacent side of the piston 0
  • the outer end of the cylinder m is provided with a valve-controlled vent t Normally the pressures acting on the two sides of the piston o are balanced, but when a state of unbalance is created by escape of liquid from the outer end of the cylinder through the vent t the fluid pressure acting on the side of the piston remote from the vent will cause the piston to move in the direction for adjusting the obliquity of the swash plate of the pump, and thereby reducing the pump output.
  • a vent valve '0 In a hollow body u is arranged a vent valve '0 and a seating w with which the valve can co-operate for controlling the vent t the valve being carried by a lever m which is loaded by a spring y
  • the hollow body u At one side of the seating w the hollow body u is adapted for connection to the vent t and at the other side of the seating the hollow body is in communication with a drain 2 the arrangement being such that on opening the valve 0 fluid can escape from the adjacent end of the cylinder m and so enable the pressure in the other end of the cylinder to move the piston o in the desired manner for adjusting the swash plate of the pump.
  • a throttle valve 3 Arranged between the pump and the discharge end of the delivery passage k is a throttle valve 3 of any convenient form, this being operable manually or otherwise for varying the rate of discharge of liquid in response to variations of demand.
  • the throttle valve 3 may conveniently consist as shown of a plug which has a tapered end extending into the delivery passage and which is movable axially through the medium of rack and pinion mechanism (not shown).
  • the hollow body u has combined with it a chamber 6 which is divided into two compartments by a flexible diaphragm l (or an equivalent piston), this diaphragm being adapted to actuate through the medium of a stem 8 the lever .73 carrying the vent valve 0
  • the two compartments of the chamber 6 are connected by passages 9 to the delivery passage k at the inlet and outlet sides respectively of the throttle valve 3 so that the diaphragm l is responsive to the pressure diiierence across the throttle valve.
  • the diaphragm 1 With increase of this pressure difference, consequent upon restriction of flow past the throttle valve the diaphragm 1 causes the vent valve 0 to open and so enables the pump-controlling piston 0 to efiect a corresponding diminution of the rate of delivery of liquid by the pump.
  • th vent valve 3 closes, and the pump-controlling piston o is then moved in the opposite direction by its spring 11 for increasing the pump output.
  • the hollow body u is divided into two chambers II], II by a diaphragm l2, and an intermediate part of the lever 37 carrying the vent valve 1: is secured to this diaphragm which serves as a fulcrum for the lever.
  • a flexible capsule [3 which is supported at its opposite ends respectively by the end of the lever 9: remote from the vent valve 12 and by an adjustable abutment M.
  • the chamber [0 communicates in any convenient manner with the outer atmosphere, and the capsule I3 is responsive to atmospheric pressure.
  • the vent valve 12 is situated in the other chamber II, and the adjacent end of the lever .r is loaded by the spring g
  • the chamber II also contains one end of the stem 8 through which the diaphragm l in the chamber 6 acts on the lever x
  • this invention 1 am able to correlate the pump output with the extent of opening of the throttle valve in a simple and satisfactory manner.
  • the invention is not, however, restricted to the examples described as constructional details may be modified to suit different requirements. Also the invention may be applied to pumps other than those of the swash plate type.
  • Governing means of the kind specified having in combination a main passage for fluid under pressure, a throttle valve for controlling the flow of pressure fluid through said main passage, a fluid pressure responsive member, a chamber containing said member, another passage for admitting an unrestricted supply of pressure fluid to said chamber at one side of said member from said main passage at the inlet side of said throttle valve, a restricted passage through which pressure fluid can flow to said chamber at the other side of said member from said main passage at the inlet side of said throttle valve, a vent valve for releasing from said chamber pressure fluid admitted thereto through said restricted passage, a spring loaded lever carrying said vent valve, a hollow body containing said lever and provided with a seating for said vent valve, a diaphragm dividing said body into two chambers and serving as a fulcrum to which an intermediate part of said lever is attached, a barometric capsule arranged in one of said chambers and acting on said lever, a second pressure-fluid responsive member, a housing associated with said body and containing said second member, passages

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Description

Aug. 14, 1951 R J 2,564,263
GOVERNING MEANS INCLUDING A FLUID PRESSURE REsPoNsIvE MEMBER AND A CONTROL DEVICE THEREFOR Filed Sept. 10, 1946 Patented Aug. 14, 1951 GOVERNING MEANS, INCLUDING A FLUID PRESSURE RESPONSIVE MEMBER AND A CONTROL DEVICE THEREFOR Richard Joseph Ifield, Birmingham, England, as-
signor to Joseph Lucas Limited, Birmingham,
England Application September 10, 1946, Serial No. 696,012 In Great Britain September 13, 1945 1 Claim.
This invention relates to governing means for use with variable delivery pumps and of the kind having fluid operable means for varying the pump output. More particularly the invention is required for pumps of the swash plate type used for supplying liquid fuel to internal combustion prime movers. When the system containing such a pump is provided with a manually operable or other throttle valve for varying the rate of delivery of liquid in accordance with variations of demand, it is desirable to vary correspondingly the rate of delivery from the pump, and the object of the present invention is to enable this requirement to be satisfied automatically in a simple and convenient manner.
The accompanying drawing is a diagrammatic sectional side view illustrating the invention applied to a variable delivery pumpof the swashplate type for supplying liquid fuel to an internal combustion prime mover.
The liquid fuel pump shown in the drawing comprises a rotary body part a arranged in a casing b and having formed around its axis a plurality of bores in each of which is arranged a reciprocatory plunger. The body part a is adapted to be driven in any convenient manner by the prime mover (not shown) to be supplied with liquid fuel from the pump. During rotation of the body part a the plungers are moved in one direction by an angularly movable swash plate and in the opposite direction by springs, the latter being situated within the bores in the body part, and serving to hold an end face of the body part in contact with a flat seating g in the casing 17 The plungers, swash plate, and associated parts of the pump are well known, and are not shown in the drawing. The seating g is formed with port h communicating with a liquid fuel inlet passage i and with another port 9' communicating with a liquid fuel delivery passage k In one end of the casing b is formed a cylinder m having closed ends. Within the cylinder m is arranged a piston o loaded by a spring 11 and extending from one side of the piston and through a bore in the casing b at the inner end of the cylinder is a rod q the latter being connected to the swash plate of the pump so that movement of the piston serves to adjust the position of the swash plate for varying the rate of delivery of the pump. The inner end of the cylinder m is in free communication with the delivery passage k through a passage 1 in the casing b and also communicates with the outer end of the cylinder through a restricted passage the spring 11 being arranged between the outer end of the cylinder and'the adjacent side of the piston 0 The outer end of the cylinder m is provided with a valve-controlled vent t Normally the pressures acting on the two sides of the piston o are balanced, but when a state of unbalance is created by escape of liquid from the outer end of the cylinder through the vent t the fluid pressure acting on the side of the piston remote from the vent will cause the piston to move in the direction for adjusting the obliquity of the swash plate of the pump, and thereby reducing the pump output. i I
In a hollow body u is arranged a vent valve '0 and a seating w with which the valve can co-operate for controlling the vent t the valve being carried by a lever m which is loaded by a spring y At one side of the seating w the hollow body u is adapted for connection to the vent t and at the other side of the seating the hollow body is in communication with a drain 2 the arrangement being such that on opening the valve 0 fluid can escape from the adjacent end of the cylinder m and so enable the pressure in the other end of the cylinder to move the piston o in the desired manner for adjusting the swash plate of the pump.
Arranged between the pump and the discharge end of the delivery passage k is a throttle valve 3 of any convenient form, this being operable manually or otherwise for varying the rate of discharge of liquid in response to variations of demand. The throttle valve 3 may conveniently consist as shown of a plug which has a tapered end extending into the delivery passage and which is movable axially through the medium of rack and pinion mechanism (not shown).
The hollow body u has combined with it a chamber 6 which is divided into two compartments by a flexible diaphragm l (or an equivalent piston), this diaphragm being adapted to actuate through the medium of a stem 8 the lever .73 carrying the vent valve 0 The two compartments of the chamber 6 are connected by passages 9 to the delivery passage k at the inlet and outlet sides respectively of the throttle valve 3 so that the diaphragm l is responsive to the pressure diiierence across the throttle valve. With increase of this pressure difference, consequent upon restriction of flow past the throttle valve the diaphragm 1 causes the vent valve 0 to open and so enables the pump-controlling piston 0 to efiect a corresponding diminution of the rate of delivery of liquid by the pump. Similarly when the throttle valve 3 is moved to increase the flow past it, thus causing a drop in the pressure difference above mentioned, th vent valve 3 closes, and the pump-controlling piston o is then moved in the opposite direction by its spring 11 for increasing the pump output.
The hollow body u is divided into two chambers II], II by a diaphragm l2, and an intermediate part of the lever 37 carrying the vent valve 1: is secured to this diaphragm which serves as a fulcrum for the lever. In the chamber I is arranged a flexible capsule [3 which is supported at its opposite ends respectively by the end of the lever 9: remote from the vent valve 12 and by an adjustable abutment M. The chamber [0 communicates in any convenient manner with the outer atmosphere, and the capsule I3 is responsive to atmospheric pressure. The vent valve 12 is situated in the other chamber II, and the adjacent end of the lever .r is loaded by the spring g The chamber II also contains one end of the stem 8 through which the diaphragm l in the chamber 6 acts on the lever x By this invention 1 am able to correlate the pump output with the extent of opening of the throttle valve in a simple and satisfactory manner. The invention is not, however, restricted to the examples described as constructional details may be modified to suit different requirements. Also the invention may be applied to pumps other than those of the swash plate type.
Having thus described my invention. what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
Governing means of the kind specified, having in combination a main passage for fluid under pressure, a throttle valve for controlling the flow of pressure fluid through said main passage, a fluid pressure responsive member, a chamber containing said member, another passage for admitting an unrestricted supply of pressure fluid to said chamber at one side of said member from said main passage at the inlet side of said throttle valve, a restricted passage through which pressure fluid can flow to said chamber at the other side of said member from said main passage at the inlet side of said throttle valve, a vent valve for releasing from said chamber pressure fluid admitted thereto through said restricted passage, a spring loaded lever carrying said vent valve, a hollow body containing said lever and provided with a seating for said vent valve, a diaphragm dividing said body into two chambers and serving as a fulcrum to which an intermediate part of said lever is attached, a barometric capsule arranged in one of said chambers and acting on said lever, a second pressure-fluid responsive member, a housing associated with said body and containing said second member, passages for admitting pressure fluid to said housing at opposite sides of said second member from said main passage at opposite sides respectively of said throttle valve so that said second member is responsive to the difference of pressure between the inlet and outlet sides of said throttle valve, and a stem through which said second member acts on said lever.
RICHARD JOSEPH IFTELD.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,992,048 Temple Feb. 19, 1935 2,020,847 Mitereff Nov. 12, 1935 2,220,180 Spitzglass Nov. 5, 1940 2,286,188 MacLean June 16, 1942 2,403,371 Ifield et al July 2, 1946 2,407,013 Ifield Sept. 3, 1946
US696012A 1945-09-13 1946-09-10 Governing means, including a fluid pressure responsive member and a control device therefor Expired - Lifetime US2564263A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2683485A (en) * 1949-12-19 1954-07-13 Lucas Ltd Joseph Liquid fuel controlling means for jet-engines, gas turbines, or like prime movers
US2738003A (en) * 1952-01-19 1956-03-13 Dowty Equipment Ltd Liquid fuel supply systems for continuous combustion turbine engines
US2775231A (en) * 1952-08-25 1956-12-25 Garrett Corp Pneumatic control apparatus
US2924388A (en) * 1954-06-28 1960-02-09 Cons Controls Corp High temperature control apparatus
US3647321A (en) * 1968-09-20 1972-03-07 Dowty Technical Dev Ltd Hydraulic apparatus

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1992048A (en) * 1932-12-12 1935-02-19 Cash A W Co Controller
US2020847A (en) * 1931-01-17 1935-11-12 Sergei D Mitereff Automatic regulator and method
US2220180A (en) * 1937-11-19 1940-11-05 Republic Flow Meters Co Regulator
US2286188A (en) * 1938-09-16 1942-06-16 Pittsburgh Equitable Meter Co Fluid distribution system
US2403371A (en) * 1941-09-16 1946-07-02 Lucas Ltd Joseph Variable output pump
US2407013A (en) * 1942-10-15 1946-09-03 Lucas Ltd Joseph Fuel pump governor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2020847A (en) * 1931-01-17 1935-11-12 Sergei D Mitereff Automatic regulator and method
US1992048A (en) * 1932-12-12 1935-02-19 Cash A W Co Controller
US2220180A (en) * 1937-11-19 1940-11-05 Republic Flow Meters Co Regulator
US2286188A (en) * 1938-09-16 1942-06-16 Pittsburgh Equitable Meter Co Fluid distribution system
US2403371A (en) * 1941-09-16 1946-07-02 Lucas Ltd Joseph Variable output pump
US2407013A (en) * 1942-10-15 1946-09-03 Lucas Ltd Joseph Fuel pump governor

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2683485A (en) * 1949-12-19 1954-07-13 Lucas Ltd Joseph Liquid fuel controlling means for jet-engines, gas turbines, or like prime movers
US2738003A (en) * 1952-01-19 1956-03-13 Dowty Equipment Ltd Liquid fuel supply systems for continuous combustion turbine engines
US2775231A (en) * 1952-08-25 1956-12-25 Garrett Corp Pneumatic control apparatus
US2924388A (en) * 1954-06-28 1960-02-09 Cons Controls Corp High temperature control apparatus
US3647321A (en) * 1968-09-20 1972-03-07 Dowty Technical Dev Ltd Hydraulic apparatus

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