US2563431A - Method of improving the resistance - Google Patents
Method of improving the resistance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2563431A US2563431A US2563431DA US2563431A US 2563431 A US2563431 A US 2563431A US 2563431D A US2563431D A US 2563431DA US 2563431 A US2563431 A US 2563431A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- dichromate
- ions
- coating
- coated
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- -1 FLUORIDE IONS Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XAQCJVGGJJFLPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L azane;hydroxy-(hydroxy(dioxo)chromio)oxy-dioxochromium Chemical compound N.N.O[Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr](O)(=O)=O XAQCJVGGJJFLPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic Chemical class [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 44
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L Chromic acid Chemical compound O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Arsenate Chemical class O[As](O)(O)=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium dichromate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229940000488 arsenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- VOTFXKJPNQELOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic acid Chemical compound O[As](=O)=O VOTFXKJPNQELOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOHZPMXAZQZXHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pipemidic acid Chemical compound N1=C2N(CC)C=C(C(O)=O)C(=O)C2=CN=C1N1CCNCC1 JOHZPMXAZQZXHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940069002 Potassium Dichromate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003292 diminished Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/82—After-treatment
- C23C22/83—Chemical after-treatment
Definitions
- This invention relates to the art of coatin aluminum and alloys thereof in which aluminum is the principal ingredient and in the following disclosure, as well as in the appended claims, the word aluminum is intended to be understood as including alloys thereof in which aluminum is the principal or dominant ingredient.
- the present invention is based upon the discovery that aluminum surfaces which are coated in accordance with the teachings of the foregoing patents and application may have their resistance to corrosion and abrasion substantially improved if the coated surfaces are subsequently treated with certain aqueous solutions to be described below and the principal object of the present invention is to so improve such coated aluminum surfaces.
- Another important object is to provide a method for treating such coated aluminum surfaces which will permit a much greater tolerance to wider variations in the coating solutions heretofore familiar to those skilled in the art-for example, those disclosed in the above referred to patents and application.
- a concomitant object of the present invention is to make it possible to practice the prior coating procedures with somewhat less exactitude and care,and therefore with less experienced personnel which, of course, results in a corresponding decrease in the costs of the coating operation.
- the present invention also has for an object the provision of a method which minimizes the tendency to powder, which has heretofore been characteristic of some of the coatings produced by prior procedures unless the processes are bp lated in accordance with Formula I Grams Sodium fluoride 5 Chromic acid (CrOs) 10 Phosphoric acid, .1 64
- a coating may be obtained by immersing the aluminum surface in the foregoing solution or by flowing or spraying the solution upon the work or by any other convenient technique familiar to the art.
- the solution must be left in contact with the metal long enough to act thereupon until the coating is produced.
- the time required to produce the coating will vary, of course, with the temperature and method of applying the solution to the metal. At ordinary living temperatures it may require as much as five to ten minutes to produce an appreciable coating with the above solution when the solution is flowed upon the metal but this time can be substantially reduced, say to as little as one to two minutes or even less by suitably heating the solution and using it in a spray process.
- the coated surface may be rinsed with water and then treated in accordance with the present invention, or the method of the present invention may be applied without a prior rinse with water.
- the solutions used in carrying out the present invention may be applied by dipping the work into the solution or by spraying or flowing the solution over the surface or by means of any other convenient technique in which the solution can be brought into contact with the coated. surface.
- the length of time in which the coated metal surfaces are in contact with the solution is not critical, and, in fact, may be rather brief, say 20 to 30 seconds or so. Also the temperature of the solution is not critical, although it is better not to use a solution which is hotter than 140 F. and I prefer to use it at approximately 120 F., or lower. After removal from the solution, drying of the surface completes the treatment whether or not preceded by water rinse.
- the treatment of the present method makes use of a relatively strong solution of water soluble dichromate or dichromates taken from the class which consists of the alkali-metal dichromates and ammonium dichromate.
- concentration of the dichromate ions should lie between 3.5 and 45 grams per liter at a pH of from 5.0 to 6.5.
- Typical examples of said soluble dichromates are sodium dichromate and ammonium dichromate, and the following are illustrative formulae for such treating solutions:
- the water is ordinary tap water, containing the customary salts.
- the pH would have been low and would have to be adjusted by addition of acaustic.
- the pH of the raw water may be high enough to warrant the addition of an acid to bring the pH within the operating range.
- the concentrations fall below 3.5 grams per liter soluble dichromate expressed as CrzOr, the beneficial effects are greatly diminished.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Patented Aug. 7, 1951 METHOD OF IMPROVING THE RESISTANCE TO CORROSION AND ABRASION OF CER- TAIN COATED ALUMINUM SURFACES Frank Palin Spruance, Jr., Ambler, Pa., assignor to American Chemical Paint Company, Ambler, Pa., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application September 20, 1949,
Serial No. 116,858
2 Claims. 1
This invention relates to the art of coatin aluminum and alloys thereof in which aluminum is the principal ingredient and in the following disclosure, as well as in the appended claims, the word aluminum is intended to be understood as including alloys thereof in which aluminum is the principal or dominant ingredient.
It has been known to those skilled in this art that aluminum surfaces can be improved as to their corrosion resistance and paint holding ability if they are coated by subjecting them to the action of an acid aqueous solution, the essential coating-producing ingredients of which are fluoride ions, dichromate ions and ions from the class of acids consisting of phosphoric and arsenic acids. Coating treatments of this kind are fully described and claimed in my prior U. S. patents, No. 2,438,877 issued March 30, 1948, and No. 2,471,909 issued April 5, 1949, as well as in my copending application No. 38,192 filed on July 12, 1948, now U. S. Patent No. 2,494,910. Another treatment of this nature is disclosed in the U. S. Patent No. 2,472,864 issued on June 14, 1949, to James H. Thirsk and myself. In the several disclosures just mentioned, various methods and materials are described for the coating of aluminum by treating it with acid aqueous solutions of the nature above specified.
The present invention is based upon the discovery that aluminum surfaces which are coated in accordance with the teachings of the foregoing patents and application may have their resistance to corrosion and abrasion substantially improved if the coated surfaces are subsequently treated with certain aqueous solutions to be described below and the principal object of the present invention is to so improve such coated aluminum surfaces. Another important object is to provide a method for treating such coated aluminum surfaces which will permit a much greater tolerance to wider variations in the coating solutions heretofore familiar to those skilled in the art-for example, those disclosed in the above referred to patents and application. A concomitant object of the present invention is to make it possible to practice the prior coating procedures with somewhat less exactitude and care,and therefore with less experienced personnel which, of course, results in a corresponding decrease in the costs of the coating operation. The present invention also has for an object the provision of a method which minimizes the tendency to powder, which has heretofore been characteristic of some of the coatings produced by prior procedures unless the processes are bp lated in accordance with Formula I Grams Sodium fluoride 5 Chromic acid (CrOs) 10 Phosphoric acid, .1 64
Water, to make 1 liter.
A coating may be obtained by immersing the aluminum surface in the foregoing solution or by flowing or spraying the solution upon the work or by any other convenient technique familiar to the art. Of course, the solution must be left in contact with the metal long enough to act thereupon until the coating is produced. The time required to produce the coating will vary, of course, with the temperature and method of applying the solution to the metal. At ordinary living temperatures it may require as much as five to ten minutes to produce an appreciable coating with the above solution when the solution is flowed upon the metal but this time can be substantially reduced, say to as little as one to two minutes or even less by suitably heating the solution and using it in a spray process.
Other representative formulae for various coating solutions of the nature disclosed in the above referred to patents and application are as follows:
Formula II Grams Ammonium acid difiuoride 30 Potassium dichromate 20 Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Water, to make 1 liter.
Formula III Grams Sodium fluoride 5 Chromic acid (C103) 10 Phosphoric acid, 75% 61 Arsenic acid 2 Water, to make 1 liter.
Formula IV Grams Sodium fluoride 5.0 Chromic acid (ClOa) 10.0 Arsenic acid 92.5 Water, to make 1 liter.
After treatment with any of the typical solu' tions described above or with other coating solutions of a similar nature, the essential coatingproducing ingredients of which are fluoride ions, dichromate ions and ions from the class of acids consisting of phosphoric and arsenic acids, the coated surface may be rinsed with water and then treated in accordance with the present invention, or the method of the present invention may be applied without a prior rinse with water. The solutions used in carrying out the present invention may be applied by dipping the work into the solution or by spraying or flowing the solution over the surface or by means of any other convenient technique in which the solution can be brought into contact with the coated. surface. The length of time in which the coated metal surfaces are in contact with the solution is not critical, and, in fact, may be rather brief, say 20 to 30 seconds or so. Also the temperature of the solution is not critical, although it is better not to use a solution which is hotter than 140 F. and I prefer to use it at approximately 120 F., or lower. After removal from the solution, drying of the surface completes the treatment whether or not preceded by water rinse.
The treatment of the present method makes use of a relatively strong solution of water soluble dichromate or dichromates taken from the class which consists of the alkali-metal dichromates and ammonium dichromate. The concentration of the dichromate ions (CI'zO'I) should lie between 3.5 and 45 grams per liter at a pH of from 5.0 to 6.5. Typical examples of said soluble dichromates are sodium dichromate and ammonium dichromate, and the following are illustrative formulae for such treating solutions:
Formula V Ammonium dichromate, 20 grams Water, to make 1 liter.
Formula VI Sodium dichromate, 30 grams Water, to make 1 liter.
In the two formulae just given, the water is ordinary tap water, containing the customary salts. Had the water used been distilled or deionized, the pH would have been low and would have to be adjusted by addition of acaustic. In some localities the pH of the raw water may be high enough to warrant the addition of an acid to bring the pH within the operating range. However, when the treating solution is in the operating range of 5.0 to 6.5 there are enough other hand, when the concentrations fall below 3.5 grams per liter soluble dichromate expressed as CrzOr, the beneficial effects are greatly diminished.
This application is a continuation-in-part of my earlier application Serial No. 90,562, filed April 29, 1949, now abandoned.
I claim:
1. In the art of coating aluminumto increase its resistance to corrosion and abrasion where the surface of the metal is coated by subjecting it to the action of an acid aqueous solution the essential coating-producing ingredients of which are fluoride ions, dichromate ions and ions from the class of acids consisting of phosphoric and arsenic acids; the method which consists in treating a surface so coated with. an aqueous solution having a pH of from 5.0 to 6.5 and containing as its essential active ingredient a water soluble dichromate taken from the class which consists of the alkali-metal dichromates and ammonium dichromate in a concentration expressed as ClzO'z of from 3.5 to 45 grams per liter.
2. The method according to claim 1 in which the treating solution is maintained at a temperature not to exceed approximately F.
FRANK PALIN SPRUANCE, JR.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS
Claims (1)
1. IN THE ART OF COATING ALUMINUM TO INCREASE ITS RESISTANCE TO CORROSION AND ABRASION WHERE THE SURFACE OF THE METAL IS COATED BY SUBJECTING IT TO THE ACTION OF AN ACID AQUEOUS SOLUTION THE ESSENTIAL COATING-PRODUCING INGREDIENTS OF WHICH ARE FLUORIDE IONS, DICHROMATE IONS AND IONS FROM THE CLASS OF ACIDS CONSISTING OF PHOSPHORIC AND ARSENIC ACIDS; THE METHOD WHICH CONSISTS IN TREATING A SURFACE SO COATED WITH AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION HAVING A PH OF FROM 5.0 TO 6.5 AND CONTAINING AS ITS ESSENTIAL ACTIVE INGREDIENT A WATER SOLUBLE DICHROMATE TAKEN FROM THE CLASS WHICH CONSISTS OF THE ALKALI-METAL DICHROMATES AND AMMONIUM DICHROMATE IN A CONCENTRATION EXPRESSED AS CR2O7 OF FROM 3.5 TO 45 GRAMS PER LITER.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2563431A true US2563431A (en) | 1951-08-07 |
Family
ID=3438164
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2563431D Expired - Lifetime US2563431A (en) | Method of improving the resistance |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2563431A (en) |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2634225A (en) * | 1950-06-21 | 1953-04-07 | American Chem Paint Co | Ammonium chromate rinse for phosphate coated metal surfaces |
| US2698266A (en) * | 1951-07-02 | 1954-12-28 | American Chem Paint Co | Material for treating metal surfaces to improve corrosion resistance and paint bonding ability |
| US2798830A (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1957-07-09 | American Chem Paint Co | Method of improving the corrosion resistance of certain coated aluminum surfaces |
| US2798829A (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1957-07-09 | American Chem Paint Co | Process for enhancing the corrosion resistance of certain coated aluminum surfaces |
| US2825697A (en) * | 1954-08-05 | 1958-03-04 | American Chem Paint Co | Method of and solution for the surface treatment of aluminum |
| DE1032641B (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1958-06-19 | American Chem Paint Co | Process to increase the corrosion resistance of anti-corrosive layers on aluminum and its alloys and solution for the implementation of this process |
| US2878149A (en) * | 1955-10-31 | 1959-03-17 | Walter A Mason | Product for effecting a cold chemical oxidation of copper and its alloys |
| US2946728A (en) * | 1955-06-23 | 1960-07-26 | Cleveland Pneumatic Ind Inc | Adherent electroplating on titanium |
| US2954309A (en) * | 1956-08-17 | 1960-09-27 | Pennsalt Chemicals Corp | Composition for and method of coating ferrous metals |
| US3364080A (en) * | 1964-10-22 | 1968-01-16 | Amchem Prod | Method of improving the corrosion resistance of chromate conversion coated aluminum surface |
| US4504325A (en) * | 1982-03-19 | 1985-03-12 | The Boeing Company | Method for sealing an aluminum oxide film |
| US4705576A (en) * | 1986-08-27 | 1987-11-10 | Elektro-Brite Gmbh | Acidic chromium containing coating solution for zinc or cadmium surfaces |
| US5401334A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1995-03-28 | Titeflex Corporation | Fluoropolymer aluminum laminate |
| US6287704B1 (en) | 1996-04-19 | 2001-09-11 | Surtec Produkte Und System Fur Die Oberflachenbehandlung Gmbh | Chromate-free conversion layer and process for producing the same |
| US7314671B1 (en) | 1996-04-19 | 2008-01-01 | Surtec International Gmbh | Chromium(VI)-free conversion layer and method for producing it |
| US20110070429A1 (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-24 | Thomas H. Rochester | Corrosion-resistant coating for active metals |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1946151A (en) * | 1931-06-20 | 1934-02-06 | Aluminum Co Of America | Protecting aluminum from corrosion |
| US2213263A (en) * | 1936-01-10 | 1940-09-03 | Patents Corp | Process of coating metals |
| US2245609A (en) * | 1940-03-07 | 1941-06-17 | American Chem Paint Co | Metal finishing process |
| US2312855A (en) * | 1940-09-07 | 1943-03-02 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Method of coating aluminum |
| US2314887A (en) * | 1940-03-30 | 1943-03-30 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Method of coating metal and material |
| US2318656A (en) * | 1941-04-25 | 1943-05-11 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Coated metal article and method of making same |
| US2472864A (en) * | 1947-02-07 | 1949-06-14 | American Chem Paint Co | Composition for and method of chemically coating aluminum |
-
0
- US US2563431D patent/US2563431A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1946151A (en) * | 1931-06-20 | 1934-02-06 | Aluminum Co Of America | Protecting aluminum from corrosion |
| US2213263A (en) * | 1936-01-10 | 1940-09-03 | Patents Corp | Process of coating metals |
| US2245609A (en) * | 1940-03-07 | 1941-06-17 | American Chem Paint Co | Metal finishing process |
| US2314887A (en) * | 1940-03-30 | 1943-03-30 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Method of coating metal and material |
| US2312855A (en) * | 1940-09-07 | 1943-03-02 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Method of coating aluminum |
| US2318656A (en) * | 1941-04-25 | 1943-05-11 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Coated metal article and method of making same |
| US2472864A (en) * | 1947-02-07 | 1949-06-14 | American Chem Paint Co | Composition for and method of chemically coating aluminum |
Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2634225A (en) * | 1950-06-21 | 1953-04-07 | American Chem Paint Co | Ammonium chromate rinse for phosphate coated metal surfaces |
| US2698266A (en) * | 1951-07-02 | 1954-12-28 | American Chem Paint Co | Material for treating metal surfaces to improve corrosion resistance and paint bonding ability |
| US2798830A (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1957-07-09 | American Chem Paint Co | Method of improving the corrosion resistance of certain coated aluminum surfaces |
| US2798829A (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1957-07-09 | American Chem Paint Co | Process for enhancing the corrosion resistance of certain coated aluminum surfaces |
| DE1032641B (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1958-06-19 | American Chem Paint Co | Process to increase the corrosion resistance of anti-corrosive layers on aluminum and its alloys and solution for the implementation of this process |
| US2825697A (en) * | 1954-08-05 | 1958-03-04 | American Chem Paint Co | Method of and solution for the surface treatment of aluminum |
| US2946728A (en) * | 1955-06-23 | 1960-07-26 | Cleveland Pneumatic Ind Inc | Adherent electroplating on titanium |
| US2878149A (en) * | 1955-10-31 | 1959-03-17 | Walter A Mason | Product for effecting a cold chemical oxidation of copper and its alloys |
| US2954309A (en) * | 1956-08-17 | 1960-09-27 | Pennsalt Chemicals Corp | Composition for and method of coating ferrous metals |
| US3364080A (en) * | 1964-10-22 | 1968-01-16 | Amchem Prod | Method of improving the corrosion resistance of chromate conversion coated aluminum surface |
| DE1521669B1 (en) * | 1964-10-22 | 1969-12-04 | Amchem Prod | Process for improving the corrosion resistance of chromated aluminum surfaces |
| US4504325A (en) * | 1982-03-19 | 1985-03-12 | The Boeing Company | Method for sealing an aluminum oxide film |
| US4705576A (en) * | 1986-08-27 | 1987-11-10 | Elektro-Brite Gmbh | Acidic chromium containing coating solution for zinc or cadmium surfaces |
| US5401334A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1995-03-28 | Titeflex Corporation | Fluoropolymer aluminum laminate |
| US5531841A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1996-07-02 | Titeflex Corporation | Fluoropolymer aluminum laminate |
| US6287704B1 (en) | 1996-04-19 | 2001-09-11 | Surtec Produkte Und System Fur Die Oberflachenbehandlung Gmbh | Chromate-free conversion layer and process for producing the same |
| US6946201B2 (en) | 1996-04-19 | 2005-09-20 | Surtec International Gmbh | Chromium (VI)-free conversion layer and method for producing it |
| US7314671B1 (en) | 1996-04-19 | 2008-01-01 | Surtec International Gmbh | Chromium(VI)-free conversion layer and method for producing it |
| US20110070429A1 (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-24 | Thomas H. Rochester | Corrosion-resistant coating for active metals |
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