US2563430A - Method op improving the resistance - Google Patents
Method op improving the resistance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2563430A US2563430A US2563430DA US2563430A US 2563430 A US2563430 A US 2563430A US 2563430D A US2563430D A US 2563430DA US 2563430 A US2563430 A US 2563430A
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- solution
- coating
- acid
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L Chromic acid Chemical compound O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- -1 FLUORIDE IONS Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Arsenate Chemical class O[As](O)(O)=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229940000488 arsenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- VOTFXKJPNQELOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic acid Chemical compound O[As](=O)=O VOTFXKJPNQELOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOHZPMXAZQZXHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pipemidic acid Chemical compound N1=C2N(CC)C=C(C(O)=O)C(=O)C2=CN=C1N1CCNCC1 JOHZPMXAZQZXHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940069002 Potassium Dichromate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- PWGQHOJABIQOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical class [Cu+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O PWGQHOJABIQOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- LILHXQCLSOZSRO-UHFFFAOYSA-J dizinc;oxozinc;dicarbonate;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn]=O.[Zn]=O.[Zn]=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O LILHXQCLSOZSRO-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/82—After-treatment
- C23C22/83—Chemical after-treatment
Definitions
- This invention relates to the art of coating aluminum and alloys thereof in which aluminum is the principal ingredient and in the following disclosure, as well as in the appended claims, the word aluminum is intended to be understood as including alloys thereof in which aluminum is the principal or dominant ingredient.
- the present invention is based upon the discovery that aluminum surfaces which are coated in accordance with the teachings of the foregoing patents and application may have their resistance to corrosion and abrasion substantially im proved if the coated surfaces are subsequently treated with certain aqueous solutions to be described below and the principal object of the present invention is to so improve such coated aluminum surfaces. Another important object is to provide a method for treating such coated aluminum surfaces which will permit a much greater tolerance to wider variations in the coating solutions heretofore familiar to those skilled in the art--for example, those disclosed in the above referred to patents and application.
- a concomitant object of the present invention is to make it possible to practice the prior coating procedures with somewhat less exactitude and care, and therefore with less experienced personnel which, of course, results in a corresponding decrease in the costs of the coating operation.
- the present invention also has for an object the provision of a method which minimizes the tendency to powder, which has heretofore been characteristic of some of the coatings produced by prior procedures unless the processes are operated with a great deal of Care and exactitude,
- a coating may be produced by means of a solution which is formulated in accordance with 'Formula I Grams Sodium fluoride 5 Chromic acid (CrOs) 10 Phosphoric acid, 64
- a coating may be obtained by immersing the aluminum surface in the foregoing solution or by flowing or spraying the solution upon the work or by any other convenient technique familiar to the art, Of course, the solution must be left in contact with the metal long enough to act thereupon until the coating is produced.
- Thetime required to produce the coating will vary, of course, with the temperature and method of applying the solution to the metal. At ordinary living temperatures it may require as much as five to ten minutes to produce an appreciable coating with the above solution when the solution is flowed upon the metal but this time can be substantially reduced, say to as little as one to two minutes or even less by suitably heating the solution and using it in a spray process.
- the coated surface may be rinsed with water and then treated in accordance with the present invention, or the method of the present invention may be applied without a prior rinse with water.
- the solutions used in carrying out the present invention may be applied by dipping the work into the solution or by spraying or flowing the solution over the surface or by means of anyother con- 7 vem'ent technique in which the solution can be brought into contact with the coated surface.
- the length of time in which the coated metal surfaces are in contact with the solution is not critical, and, in fact, may be rather brief, say to seconds or so. Also the temperature of the solution is not critical, although it is better not to use a solution which is hotter than 140 F. and I prefer to use it at approximately 120 F., or lower. After removal from the solution drying of the surface completes the treatment whether or not.
- the treatment of the present method makes use of a non-alkali metallic chromate in a chromic acid solution which is characterized by containing at least 5, but not more than 250 grams per liter of non-alkali metallic chromate calculated as ZnCrO; and by having a free to total acid content.
- the ratios of these two quantities of caustic consumed are, therefore, equal to the ratio of free acid to total acid of the solution.
- Only those non-alkali metallic chromates which are suificiently soluble in a chromic acid solution to yield a content in grams per liter falling within the range given above are suitable for the purpose. Typical examples of these are zinc, strontium and copper chromates, the two latter being stoichiometrically calculated as zinc chromate as pointed out above.
- the water is heated to a fairly high temperature and the chromic acid dissolved in it. Then the zinc oxide is slowly added and stirred until dissolved. This may require as long a time as several hours. When the temperature of the mixture has fallen to F., or below, the zinc carbonate is slowly added and stirred for an hour or so.
- the solution will contain a small amount of solids which may be allowed to settle and the clear liquid separated by decanting.
- the concentrate is then diluted with water to the desired degree and usedas described above.
Description
Patented Aug. 7, 1951 METHOD OF IMPROVING THE RESISTANCE TO CORROSION AND ABRASION OF CER- TAIN COATED ALUMINUM SURFACES Frank Palin Spruance, Jr., Ambler, Pa., assignor to American Chemical Paint Company, Ambler, Pa., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application September 16, 1949, Serial No. 116,222
2 Claims.
This invention relates to the art of coating aluminum and alloys thereof in which aluminum is the principal ingredient and in the following disclosure, as well as in the appended claims, the word aluminum is intended to be understood as including alloys thereof in which aluminum is the principal or dominant ingredient.
It has been known to those skilled in this art that aluminum surfaces can be improved as to their corrosion resistance and paint holding ability if they are coated by subjecting them to the action of an acid aqueous solution, the essential coating-producing ingredients of which are fluoride ions, dichromate ions and ions from the class of acids consisting of phosphoric and arsenic acids. Coating treatments of this kind are fully described and claimed in my prior U. S. patents, No. 2,438,877 issued March 30, 1948, and No. 2,471,909 issued April 5, 1949, as well as in my copending application No. 38,192 filed on July 12, 1948, now U. S. Patent No. 2,494,910. Another treatment of this nature is disclosed in the U. S. Patent No. 2,472,864 issued on June 14, 1949 to James H. Thirsk and myself. In the several disclosures just mentioned, various methods and materials are described for the coating of aluminum by treating it with acid aqueous solutions of the nature above specified.
The present invention is based upon the discovery that aluminum surfaces which are coated in accordance with the teachings of the foregoing patents and application may have their resistance to corrosion and abrasion substantially im proved if the coated surfaces are subsequently treated with certain aqueous solutions to be described below and the principal object of the present invention is to so improve such coated aluminum surfaces. Another important object is to provide a method for treating such coated aluminum surfaces which will permit a much greater tolerance to wider variations in the coating solutions heretofore familiar to those skilled in the art--for example, those disclosed in the above referred to patents and application. A concomitant object of the present invention is to make it possible to practice the prior coating procedures with somewhat less exactitude and care, and therefore with less experienced personnel which, of course, results in a corresponding decrease in the costs of the coating operation. The present invention also has for an object the provision of a method which minimizes the tendency to powder, which has heretofore been characteristic of some of the coatings produced by prior procedures unless the processes are operated with a great deal of Care and exactitude,
By way of\examples of coatings produced by previous methods upon which coatings my present invention is particularly useful, I wish to cite the following. For instance, a coating may be produced by means of a solution which is formulated in accordance with 'Formula I Grams Sodium fluoride 5 Chromic acid (CrOs) 10 Phosphoric acid, 64
Water, to make 1 liter.
A coating may be obtained by immersing the aluminum surface in the foregoing solution or by flowing or spraying the solution upon the work or by any other convenient technique familiar to the art, Of course, the solution must be left in contact with the metal long enough to act thereupon until the coating is produced. Thetime required to produce the coating will vary, of course, with the temperature and method of applying the solution to the metal. At ordinary living temperatures it may require as much as five to ten minutes to produce an appreciable coating with the above solution when the solution is flowed upon the metal but this time can be substantially reduced, say to as little as one to two minutes or even less by suitably heating the solution and using it in a spray process.
Other representative formulae for various: coating solutions of the nature disclosed in the above referred to patents and application are as follows:
Formula II Grams Ammonium acid difluoride 30 Potassium dichromate 20 Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Water, to make 1 liter.
Formula II! Grams Sodium fluoride 5 Chromic acid (CrOa) 10 Phosphoric acid, 75% 61 Arsenic acid 2 Water, to make 1 liter.
Formula IV (Grams Sodium fluoride 5.0 Chromic acid (CrOz) 10.0 Arsenic acid 92.5
Water, to make 1 liter.
After treatment with any of the typical solutions described above or with other coating solutions of a similar nature. the essential coatingproducing ingredients of which are fluoride ions, dichromate ions and ions from the class ofacids consisting of phosphoric and arsenic acids, the coated surface may be rinsed with water and then treated in accordance with the present invention, or the method of the present invention may be applied without a prior rinse with water. The solutions used in carrying out the present invention may be applied by dipping the work into the solution or by spraying or flowing the solution over the surface or by means of anyother con- 7 vem'ent technique in which the solution can be brought into contact with the coated surface. The length of time in which the coated metal surfaces are in contact with the solution is not critical, and, in fact, may be rather brief, say to seconds or so. Also the temperature of the solution is not critical, although it is better not to use a solution which is hotter than 140 F. and I prefer to use it at approximately 120 F., or lower. After removal from the solution drying of the surface completes the treatment whether or not.
preceded by a water rinse.
The treatment of the present method makes use of a non-alkali metallic chromate in a chromic acid solution which is characterized by containing at least 5, but not more than 250 grams per liter of non-alkali metallic chromate calculated as ZnCrO; and by having a free to total acid content. The ratios of these two quantities of caustic consumed are, therefore, equal to the ratio of free acid to total acid of the solution. Only those non-alkali metallic chromates which are suificiently soluble in a chromic acid solution to yield a content in grams per liter falling within the range given above are suitable for the purpose. Typical examples of these are zinc, strontium and copper chromates, the two latter being stoichiometrically calculated as zinc chromate as pointed out above.
It will, of course, be apparent that many variations in the formulation can be readily calculated without departing from the spirit of the invention. However, as a guide the preparation of a suitable concentrated formulation is given below:
Water, to make 1.000 gallon.
The water is heated to a fairly high temperature and the chromic acid dissolved in it. Then the zinc oxide is slowly added and stirred until dissolved. This may require as long a time as several hours. When the temperature of the mixture has fallen to F., or below, the zinc carbonate is slowly added and stirred for an hour or so. The solution will contain a small amount of solids which may be allowed to settle and the clear liquid separated by decanting.
The concentrate is then diluted with water to the desired degree and usedas described above.
This application is a continuation-in-part of a my earlier application Serial No. 90,561, filed April 29, 1949, now abandoned.
I claim:
1. In the art of coating aluminum to increase its resistance to corrosion and abrasion where the surface of the metal is coated by the action of an acid aqueous solution, the essential coating-producing ingredients of which are fluoride ions, dichromate ions, and ions from the class of acids consistingof phosphoric and arsenic acids; the method which consists in treating a surface so coated with an aqueous solution of a non-alkali metallic chromate in chromic acid, said n nalkali metallic chromate having a. solubility in the chromic acid sufiicient to yield a concentration of at least 5 but not more than 250 grams per liter calculated as ZnCrO4, the treating solution being characterized by having a pH of from 3.5 to 6.0 and a free to total acid ratio of 1:15 to 1:25.
2. The method of claim 1 in which the treating solution is maintained at a temperature not to exceed approximately F.
FRANK PALIN SPRUANCE, JR.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Spruance, Jr., et a1. June 14, 1949
Claims (1)
1. IN THE ART OF COATING ALUMINUM TO INCREASE ITS RESISTANCE TO CORROSION AND ABRASION WHERE THE SURFACE OF THE METAL IS COATED BY THE ACTION OF AN ACID AQUEOUS SOLUTION, THE ESSENTIAL COATING-PRODUCING INGREDIENTS OF WHICH ARE FLUORIDE IONS, DICHROMATE IONS, AND IONS FROM THE CLASS OF ACIDS CONSISTING OF PHOSPHORIC AND ORSENIC ACIDS; THE METHOD WHICH CONSISTS IN TREATING A SURFACE SO COATED WITH AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF A NON-ALKALI METALLIC CHROMATE IN CHROMIC ACID, SAID NONALKALI METALLIC CHROMATE HAVING A SOLUBILITY IN THE CHROMIC ACID SUFFICIENT TO YIELD A CONCENTRATION OF AT LEAST 5 BUT NOT MORE THAN 250 GRAMS PER LITER CALCULATED AS ZNCRO4, THE TREATING SOLUTION BEING CHARACTERIZED BY HAVING A PH OF FROM 3.5 TO 6.0 AND A FREE TO TOTAL ACID RATIO OF 1:1.5 TO 1:2.5.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2563430A true US2563430A (en) | 1951-08-07 |
Family
ID=3438163
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2563430D Expired - Lifetime US2563430A (en) | Method op improving the resistance |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2563430A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2698266A (en) * | 1951-07-02 | 1954-12-28 | American Chem Paint Co | Material for treating metal surfaces to improve corrosion resistance and paint bonding ability |
| DE930548C (en) * | 1953-07-26 | 1955-07-18 | Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag | Process for the aftertreatment of re-compacted, chemically or anodically oxidized outer layers on objects made of aluminum or aluminum alloys by boiling in water, preferably distilled water |
| US2795518A (en) * | 1954-04-14 | 1957-06-11 | American Chem Paint Co | Process for treating steel, zinc, and aluminum to increase corrosion resistance |
| US2798829A (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1957-07-09 | American Chem Paint Co | Process for enhancing the corrosion resistance of certain coated aluminum surfaces |
| US2798830A (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1957-07-09 | American Chem Paint Co | Method of improving the corrosion resistance of certain coated aluminum surfaces |
| US2832708A (en) * | 1955-11-25 | 1958-04-29 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of treating stainless steel to improve its corrosion resistance |
| DE1032641B (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1958-06-19 | American Chem Paint Co | Process to increase the corrosion resistance of anti-corrosive layers on aluminum and its alloys and solution for the implementation of this process |
| US3450579A (en) * | 1964-08-25 | 1969-06-17 | Hooker Chemical Corp | Process for the chemical surface treatment of metal |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1946151A (en) * | 1931-06-20 | 1934-02-06 | Aluminum Co Of America | Protecting aluminum from corrosion |
| US2213263A (en) * | 1936-01-10 | 1940-09-03 | Patents Corp | Process of coating metals |
| US2245609A (en) * | 1940-03-07 | 1941-06-17 | American Chem Paint Co | Metal finishing process |
| US2312855A (en) * | 1940-09-07 | 1943-03-02 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Method of coating aluminum |
| US2314887A (en) * | 1940-03-30 | 1943-03-30 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Method of coating metal and material |
| US2318656A (en) * | 1941-04-25 | 1943-05-11 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Coated metal article and method of making same |
| US2472864A (en) * | 1947-02-07 | 1949-06-14 | American Chem Paint Co | Composition for and method of chemically coating aluminum |
-
0
- US US2563430D patent/US2563430A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1946151A (en) * | 1931-06-20 | 1934-02-06 | Aluminum Co Of America | Protecting aluminum from corrosion |
| US2213263A (en) * | 1936-01-10 | 1940-09-03 | Patents Corp | Process of coating metals |
| US2245609A (en) * | 1940-03-07 | 1941-06-17 | American Chem Paint Co | Metal finishing process |
| US2314887A (en) * | 1940-03-30 | 1943-03-30 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Method of coating metal and material |
| US2312855A (en) * | 1940-09-07 | 1943-03-02 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Method of coating aluminum |
| US2318656A (en) * | 1941-04-25 | 1943-05-11 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Coated metal article and method of making same |
| US2472864A (en) * | 1947-02-07 | 1949-06-14 | American Chem Paint Co | Composition for and method of chemically coating aluminum |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2698266A (en) * | 1951-07-02 | 1954-12-28 | American Chem Paint Co | Material for treating metal surfaces to improve corrosion resistance and paint bonding ability |
| DE930548C (en) * | 1953-07-26 | 1955-07-18 | Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag | Process for the aftertreatment of re-compacted, chemically or anodically oxidized outer layers on objects made of aluminum or aluminum alloys by boiling in water, preferably distilled water |
| US2798829A (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1957-07-09 | American Chem Paint Co | Process for enhancing the corrosion resistance of certain coated aluminum surfaces |
| US2798830A (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1957-07-09 | American Chem Paint Co | Method of improving the corrosion resistance of certain coated aluminum surfaces |
| DE1032641B (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1958-06-19 | American Chem Paint Co | Process to increase the corrosion resistance of anti-corrosive layers on aluminum and its alloys and solution for the implementation of this process |
| US2795518A (en) * | 1954-04-14 | 1957-06-11 | American Chem Paint Co | Process for treating steel, zinc, and aluminum to increase corrosion resistance |
| US2832708A (en) * | 1955-11-25 | 1958-04-29 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of treating stainless steel to improve its corrosion resistance |
| US3450579A (en) * | 1964-08-25 | 1969-06-17 | Hooker Chemical Corp | Process for the chemical surface treatment of metal |
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