US2563110A - Calculating device - Google Patents

Description

g- 7, 1951 E. GRUNDLEHNER I 2,563,110

' CALCULATING DEVICE Filed Aug. 18, 194'? 4 Sheets-Sheet l IN VEN TOR. E RNEST GRLNDLEHNER ATTORNEY 1951 E. GRUNDLEHNER 2,563,110

CALCULATING DEVICE Filed Aug. 18, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 I git-4y 4 v 10 13 T 9M1 14- 13 INVENTOR.

ERNEST GRUNDLEHNER ATTOR NEY Aug. 7, 1951 Filed Aug. 18, 194'? E. GRUNDLEHNER CALCULATING DEVICE 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 "2355,21, III-iiT-i-TL INVENTOR. ERNEST GRUNDLEHNE R AT TOR NE Y 7, 1951, E. GRUNDLEHNER 2,563,110

CALCULATING DEVICE Filed Aug. 18, 194'? 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 FRACTION 0F mcH INVENTOR. ERNEST GRUNDLEHNER g mmw ATTOR NEY Patented Aug. 7, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CALCULATING DEVICE Ernest Grundlehner, Teaneck, N. J

Application August 18, 1947, Serial No. 769,147

1 Claim. 1

This invention relates to an improvement in devices for adding fractions of inches, inches and feet to give accurate sums of dimension measurements, and relates more particularly to certain improvements in my prior United States Patent No. 2,223,612.

The present invention relates more particularly to means for adding fractions of inches and the relation of this means to the means for adding inches to show total number of feet and inches and fractions of inches remaining, the whole being organized in concentric disc and ring arrangement around a central hub, in such manner that the ring showing the fractions of an inch has a limited movement in either direction, either for adding or for subtracting, but the disc showing the inches and feet may be turned a full circle.

The invention also relates to means for quickly resetting the inner feet and inch adding disc, and for quickly distinguishing th areas of the fraction ring for use in adding and for use in subtracting fractions of an inch.

The invention also relates to the structure of the base and the means for mountin the disc and ring in position for concentric movement independent of each other.

For further comprehension of the invention, and of the objects and advantages thereof, reference will be had to the following description and accompanying drawing, and to the appended claim in which the various novel features of the invention are more particularly set forth.

In the accompanying drawing forming a material part of this disclosure:

Fig. l is a plan view of the improved dimension adding and subtracting device. a

Fig. 2 is a, similar view, showing the outer facing sheet or panel removed.

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view, taken on line 3--3 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. l, but showing a modification of the present invention and with portions thereof broken away to show the spring returning means for the movable disc and ring.

Fig. 6 is a transverse cross section view taken substantially on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings, which illustrated the practical embodiment of the invention, In designates a body or base, which may be constructed of plastic or other material, cast or molded to provide on the lower side a series of radial stiffening ribs H, a marginal edge rib l2, and internal ring ribs l3 and M which intersect the radial ribs.

On the upper side, the base NJ is formed with a central hub or pivot projection l5, a circular rib l6 concentric with the hub projection I5, and a bounding circular rib ll, concentric with the rib l6 and the hub l5.

'Around the hub an inner movable disc 18 is disposed, and between the inner rig l6 and the outer rib I! a movable rin I9 is disposed for free manual turning.

The inner disc 18 is formed with a series of radially disposed edge slots 20, each of which is open through the outer edge of the disc, and may be further provided with a series of pin holes 21, each one of the holes 2| being disposed in radial line position with one of the edge slots 2!), and both the edge slots and the pin holes being equally spaced apart from each other. The slots 20 and the pin holes 2| form complete circles, and thus provide for the complete use of the entire disc l8 in addition and subtraction.

The ring I 9 is formed with a series of pin holes 22, disposed in a semi-circular row adjacent to the inner edge of the ring and equally spaced from each other, and a series of edge notches 23, which open through the inner edge of the ring, and are disposed in a second semi-circular row, the two semi-circular rows forming a single complete circle.

The disc [8 and. the ring it are covered by a face plate 24, which is secured to the base by removable screws 25. This face plate may be made of plastic or other material, and is formed with an arcuate slot 26 on the right side thereof, which is disposed in registration with the circular row of pin holes 2!. of the disc [8, but has a, total length which is a minor fraction of the circumference of the disc !8 at its outer edge. The face plate 24 is also formed with another arcuate slot 2i on the left side, of similar relative length, which registers with the row of pin holes 2|, the inner ends of the two arcuate slots being separated from each other, and being concentric to the disc IS.

The face plate 24 is further formed with an outer right arcuate slot 28, which is concentric to the ring is, disposed in registration with the inner edge semi-circular row of pin holes 22, and is further formed with an outer left arcuate slot 29, which is disposed in registration with the row of inner edge slots 23. The two slots 28 and 29 are spaced apart at their adjacent ends.

The slots 26and 28' on the right side of the 3 face plate are used for addition, and the slots on the left side of the face plate are used for sub-' traction.

The base 10 is provided on its bottom side with a groove 43, which opens at one side of the base, and with a spring 44, which has its outer end disposed across the groove 33. A stylus 45 is disposed in the groove under the spring 44, and when withdrawn may be used for operating the disc [8 and the outer ring I9, in a step-by-step action.

With the disc l8 at zero and the outer ring at zero, the pin end of the stylus 45 is inserted in one of the right slots. If it is desired. to first add inches, say 3 inches and then 6 inches, the disc I8 is shifted first by inserting the stylus pin in the hole opposite 3, in the inner right hand slot 26, andmoving the stylus pin downwardly or toward the operator, against the end 26' of the slot, when the stylus pin is lifted out of the pin hole and then inserted in the pin hole 2| opposite the numeral 6 on the slot 26. The stylus pin is then used to swing the disc 18 to bring the stylus pin against the end stop 26. This will then show a total of 9 inches through the window 38. If it is then desired to add 2 ft. and inches to the total of 9 inches, the disc I8 is advanced 2 ft. by inserting the stylus pin in the pin hole 2i opposite the mark which is marked 2 ft. or 24 inches, and the disc is swung until the stylus pin engages the end stop 26. Then proceed the same way with 5 inches. The windows 37 and 38 will now show a total of 3 ft., 2 inches, or 9 inches plus 2 ft. 5 inches.

The face plate 24 is further formed with another arcuate slot 30, concentric to the ring 19, which is located outwardly of the slot 29 and concentric with it. The ring [9 is provided with a stud pin 3|, which projects into the slot 30, and forms a limit stop for said ring [9' to engage the ends 36 and 3il 'of the slot 30.

The disc [8 is provided with an outer circular row 32 of small figures, starting from 0, representing zero, and arranged in groups. The first group,

reading from, the left to the right of the zero mark 33, starts with 1 and ends with 23. Each, succeeding group of numbers starts with G and ends with 11, the 0' mark representing 12. The circular row of small figures 32* forms a complete circle, which is concentric to the outer edge of the disc I8. The row of small figures 32 represents inches. Inwardly-of this row'32 there is'an incomplete circular row of figures 3 3, which represent feet, and this row consists of groups of the same figure. consists of 12 duplicates of the figure 2. Each succeeding group consists of 12 duplicate-figures of the succeeding higher value, as 3, then 4, then 5; and the last group shows 12 duplicates of" the figure 9. The last mark or symbol is the zero mark of 0.

The outer ring I9 is provided with an inner circular row of figures 35, which represents fractions of inches, starting with X and continuing in steps of A to and including Thering I 9 is further provided with an outer circularrow of decimal equivalents 3%, which is disposedconcentrically of the inner row 35, witheach of the fractions of the'row 3-5 lined radially with its decimal equivalent'in'the'row 3G,

The face plate 2 3' is further provided with windows 31' and, 38 for the inch and feet-numbers of the disc- 18, with a; window 39 for the fractions of the outer ring l9, and a window 0 for. the decimal equivalents thereof. The windows 31,

For example, the first group 4 38 and 39 are disposed in a radial line, and the window 40 is oifset.

The face plate 24 is further provided with a circular window 4| disposed concentric to the disc [8 which i provided with a resetting mark 42, which is visible at all times through the circular window M.

The face plate 24 is provided with a circular row of numbers 26* adjacent to the slot 26, and in consecutive order from 1 to 36, inclusive, located on the outer side of the slot 26, and index marks showing to 1 ft., 2 ft. and 3 ft. points on the slo't'ZB, on the outer side of the slot 26. The cover plate 24 is also provided with a circular row of numbers 28, located around the outer edge of the slot 28, and starting with & and increasing progressively to The slot 26* on the left side of the face or cover plate 2 5 which also registers with the pin holes 2!, is provided with a circular row of figures 2 6; and with index marks showing the points on the slot for the; 1 ft., 2ft. and 3 ft. positions. The left slot 29 in the face plate, which registers with the pin holes 22', is provided with a circular row of numbers 28, showing steps in fractions of an inch, starting with and ending with %5. The upper end of the right slot 2% is formed with aradial extension slot 28", which terminates in a short arcuate slot 25", disposed in concentric relation to the pin hole row 2!. The upper end of the slot 28 is formed with a radial extension 28, which terminates in a short arcuate slot 28 which is concentric with the pin holes 2!.

Now if it is desired to subtract 19 inches from this total, the stylus pin is inserted in the corresponding left slot 26 and in the pin hole opposite 19 inches, and the disc is is swung downwardly against the end stop 25', thus swinging the disc i8 in the opposite direction and producing the total of 19 inches in the window 38.

By using the stylus in the outer slot 28, toengage the pin holes 22, on the right side of the face plate; the outer ring i9 may lic nsed for adding fractions of an inch, in steps of and by using the corresponding slot on the left side of'the face plate, by inserting the stylus pin through it into the pin holes 22, the ring 12 may be used for subtracti ng fractions from those added by right operations.

Whenever a fraction is added, the decimal equivalent of the final fraction will appear through its window 40, and whenever a fraction is subtractedthe resulting decimal equivalent of thereduced fraction will appear through the window 43 of the face plate.

The radial extension is made to slide the stylus pin from the outer'ring into the disc along extension slot 28 "'whenever the resultof fraction adding exceed %4" or along extension slot28 when the subtraction passes the full inch as for instance I A less "A In this case the stylus pin is going up and around and down as indicated by the diagram at the center of the drawing.

The outer ring !9 may be provided with an additional circular row of pin holes, arranged to be concentric with the inner edge of the outermostslotiifl of theface'plate;

The invention thus provides rotary ,ineans'for addingfractions; of inches, inches, and feet,v up to the lofootcapacity of the device, the two zero marksqindicating one complete revolution and one inch more than the highestnumber of9" 1'1.'

7, The invention will be particularly useful. for measuring materials for cabinet-andsheet metal work, 'fbrm'achinist' operations, for building and material calculations, and for all work where dimensions are given or required, accurate results are' of critical importance. and the avoidance of errors insures against mistakes in ordering and waste of supplies.

The right group of internal edge slots of the outer ring 19 are printed or presented in white, and the left group of internal edge slots of this ring are printed or colored red, or some other distinguishing or contrasting color, so that the operator will know when he must move the stylus up, down and back as indicated in the diagram at the center of the drawing.

In order to automatically return the disc and the ring to their initial or starting positions, a modified construction is shown in Figs. and 6, wherein a spiral spring 50, of the clock spring type, is nested in a circular recess 5! formed in the base l0, and the inner end of this spring is secured by the pin 52 to the base, and the outer end of the spring is secured by the pin 53 to the disc I8. A similar spring 54 is nested in the recess 55 of the base [0' beneath the outer ring l9, and its inner end is secured to the base l0 by the pin 56, and its outer end is secured to the ring I9 by the pin 51.

The face plate 24' is formed with an opening 24 disposed in line with the disc l8, so that a finger may be applied to the disc to hold it against reverse movement of the return spring 50, and is provided with another opening 24' disposed in line with the outer ring [9, so that the outer rin may be held against the action of its return spring 54.

By this construction both the disc and the ring will automatically return to their initial positions, and the effort required of the operator is accordingly minimized.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred embodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise constructions herein disclosed and the right is reserved to all changes and modifications coming within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claim.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is:

In a calculating device having a base upon which :a, disc and a concentric outer ring are turnably mounted on a common plane and each having a normal zero setting, a face plate mounted on the base and completely coextensive with and overlying the disc and the outer ring retaininE them in rotative position on the base, a concentric recess formed in the base beneath the disc, a spiral spring within said recess and having one end attached to the base and its other end attached to the disc for returning the disc to its zero setting after being turned away from that setting, a second concentric recess formed in the base to surround said first recess and beneath the ring, and a spiral spring within said second recess and having one end attached to the base and its other end attached to the ring for returning the ring to its zero setting after being turned away from that setting, the face plate being formed with openings overlying the disc and the ring and through which ones fingertips can be engaged to frictionally bear against the top faces of the disc and the ring for manually holding the disc and the ring against the action of the springs in positions turned away from the zero settings.

ERNEST GRUNDLEHNER,

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 199,289 Hart Jan. 15, 1878 819,689 Brewer May 1, 1906 1,129,033 Baur Feb. 16, 1915 1,883,037 Snook Oct. 18, 1932 2,237,873 Barok Apr. 8, 1941 FQREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 359,259 France Jan. 15, 1906

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