US2559980A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

J y 1951 c. M. MGALLISTER PUMP Filed April 16. 1949' 3 Shuts-Sheet l Clyde M M gfl lggfer y 10, 1951 c. M. MCALLISTER I 2,559,980

PUMP

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 16, 1949 51' 37 57 3 Z /so I06 Clyde M M-Qd/lisfer INVENTOR.

y 1951 c. M. MOALLISTER PUMP 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed April 16, 1949 Clyde M MFA l/isfer INVENTOR. & 2

Patented July 10, 1951 PUMP Clyde M. MeAllister, Waco, Tex asslgnor, by mesne assignments, to Roane M. Lacy, Waco,

Tex.

Application April 16, 1949, Serial No. 88,023

4 Claims. 1

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in pumps and more particularly to pumps used in feeding chemical solutions under pressure.

One object of the invention is to provide an improved pump which is so constructed that it is particularly adaptable for use in feeding chemical solutions into water, or other liquid.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved chemical feed pump having a reciprocal plunger for feeding a chemical solution in predetermined quantities, the plunger having tapered surfaces for receiving coacting O-rings which are adapted to roll upon the surfaces upon reciprocation of said plunger whereby a positive seal for the plunger is provided and frictional resistance to reciprocation of said plunger is reduced to a minimum.

A particular object of the invention is to provide an improved pump, of the character described, wherein the plunger has a pair of oppositely tapered or divergent surfaces so that one of the O-rings seals most positively upon one stroke of said plunger and the sealing action of the other O-ring is most positive upon the reverse stroke of said plunger.

An important object of the invention is to provide an improved pump having a reciprocal plunger with a fixed stroke length, the output of the pump being varied by changing the rate of reciprocation of the plunger whereby a positive control is had.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved pump having a drive which includes a pair of pulleys and means for varying the distance between the pulleys, one of said pulleys being adjustable so as to alter the speed of operation of the pump automatically upon a change in the distance between the pulleys.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved pump, of the character described, wherein rotary power is converted into reciprocal motion by a self-aligning pitman or crank member having eccentric means whereby the plunger is maintained in alignment with its cylinder to prevent undue wear.

A construction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafter described together with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of the following specification and by reference to the accompanying drawings wherein an example of the invention is shown, and wherein:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a pump constructed in accordance with the invention,

Fig. 2 is an end elevational view of the pump,

Fig. 3 is a transverse, vertical, sectional view, taken through the pump body and showing its plunger at the bottom of its downstroke,

Fig. 4is aplan view of the pump.

Fig. 5 is a transverse, vertical, sectional view, taken at a right angle to Fig. 3, and showing the plunger at the top of its upstroke,

Fig. 6 is a horizontal, cross-sectional view. taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3,

Fig. 7 is a horizontal, cross-sectional view. taken on the line 'l-l of Fig. 3,

Fig. 8 is a horizontal, cross-sectional view, taken on the line 8--8 of Fig. 3,

Fig. 9 is a transverse, sectional view of the variable speed pulley,

Fig. 10 is a view, similar to Fig. 9, showing the pulley in an expanded position,

Fig. 11 is an end elevational view, showing the adjustable mounting of the motor platform, and

Fig. 12 is a horizontal, cross-sectional view, taken on the line l2-I2 of Fig. 11.

In the drawings, the numeral l0 designates a metallic frame or base which includes a pair of parallel, inverted U-shaped legs or standards II and I2. As is most clearly shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4, the standards II and I2 are connected in spaced relation by a pair of transversed pivot pins or shafts I3 and M which have their ends rotatably supported by said standards. A platform or plate I5 is pivotally supported by the shaft l3 between the standards and extends to a point overlying the shaft I 4 at the right-hand end of the standard. For pivoting the platform so as to vary its inclination to the standards, an adjusting screw I6 is screw-threaded diametrically through the medial portion of the shaft l4 and extends upwardly through a slot l1 formed in the right-hand end of said platform (Figs. 11 and 12). A collar or sleeve I8 is rotatably confined upon the screw l6 between a lower shoulder or flange is secured tosaid screw and an upper spring-pressed flange or shoulder 20. The collar [8 has opposed, flattened surfaces 2| for engaging the walls of the slot ll whereby said collar remains stationary so as to cause pivotal movement of the platform upon rotation of the screw it. A retaining plate 22 is suitably fastened to the end of the platform so as to overlie the open end of the slot and confine the collar therein. The screw is preferably provided with an enlarged head or nob 23 at its upper end so as to facilitate rotation thereof. An electric motor 24 is mounted transversely upon the platform by suitable upright standards or supports 25 so as to be movable with said platform.

A transverse plate or crossbar 26 overlies the left-hand end of the standards and is preferably removably secured thereto by suitable posts or pins 21 and set screws 28 (Fig. 2). The crossbar 26 is formed of metal or other suitable material and has a body or housing 29, of plastic or other suitable material, suspended from the medial portion thereof by suitable screws 30. The body 29 depends between the standards beyond or to the left of the platform and its supporting shaft and is of greater vertical length or height than width, being substantially square in horizontal cross-section. A cylindrical well or sump 3|, of relatively large diameter, is formed in the upper end of the body and is open to atmosphere through a complementary opening 32 formed in the crossbar 26 (Figs. 3, 4 and 5). It is noted that the medial portion of the crossbar is of increased width to accommodate the opening 32 and to provide sufilcient stock or material for receiving the screws which support the body. An upright, cylindrical bore 33 is formed in the body below and in axial alignment with the well 3| and its lower end communicates through a port 34 with a cylindrical inlet chamber or bore 35 which is preferably of less diameter than said bore 33. outer end portion of the chamber 35 is enlarged to provide a counterbore 36 into which a fitting 31, of plastic or other suitable material, is screwthreaded. It is noted that the chamber 35 and its counterbore 36 are in axial alignment with the port 34 and the bore 33 and communicate with one another, whereby said chamber serves as a continuation of said cylinder.

A cylinder or liner 38, of gage glass or other suitable material, is disposed within the bore 33 and bears against or rests upon an annular packing ring 39, of synthetic rubber or other corrosion-resistant material, positioned in the bottom of said bore. The cylinder 38 is of suflicient length to project beyond the upper end of the bore into the wall 3| and is confined in place by an annular, plastic retaining ring 40 which is secured to the bottom of the well by suitable screws 4|. For sealing off around the cylinder, the external diameter of which is less than the diameter of the bore, a pair of elastic O-rings 42, of synthetic rubber or other suitable material, is interposed between the cylindrical surfaces of said cylinders and bore. It is pointed out that the rings 42 are circular in cross-section and that by positioning one of said rings adjacent each end of the bore, the cylinder is maintained in an axial alignment with said bore. A plunger 43 is reciprocally mounted in the cylinder and preferably has a snug sliding fit therein. Connected to the upper end of the plunger 43 is a cylindrical, metallic rod 44 which extends upwardly through an opening 45 formed in a stirrup-shaped bracket or crossbar 46. The latter has its end overlying and secured to the medial portion of the plate 26 by suitable screws 41. A bushing 48 engages within the opening 45 and has a snug sliding fit about the rod 44 for maintaining the plunger in axial alignment with the cylinder. An additional guide or aligning means for the plunger is provided by a cylindrical projection or pin 49 which depends axially from the lower end of said plunger for engagement in the port 35. As will be explained, the plunger is adapted to draw a chemical solution or other liquid into the chamber 35 which, in effect, forms a continuation of the cylinder.

As is most clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the fitting 31 is adapted to receive an elbow 56 for connection with the coupling 5| of a suction hose 52, all of which are preferably formed of plastic or other non-corrosive material. The suction hose 52 communicates with a source or supply of the chemical solution or other liquid to be fed or injected by the pump, whereby upon the up- The lower or stroke of the plunger said liquid is drawn into the inlet chamber 35. For controlling the passage of the liquid into the chamber, a check valve 53 is disposed in the lower portion of said chamber and includes an enlarged, bevelled head or element 54 having an axial, cylindrical guide stem 55 depending therefrom. The check valve 53 is preferably formed of non-corrosive metal or plastic and its head 54 is adapted to seat downwardly against an annular, elastic ring or seat 56, of synthetic rubber or other suitable material confined in the counterbore 36 by the fitting 31. Manifestly, the stem 55 extends through the bore of the seat 56 so as to guide the movement of the valve and center its head relative to said seat. In addition to the seal provided by the elastic seat, an elastic O-ring 51 may be confined upon the fitting between the bottom of the body 23 and a shoulder 51 formed on said fitting.

The upper portion of the inlet chamber is of reduced diameter as shown by the numeral 58 to provide a stop fo1the check valve 53. As most clearly shown in Fig. 8, longitudinal grooves or passages 59 are formed in the reduced bore 58 to permit flow around the head 54 when the same bears against the shoulder formed by said bore. An angular discharge passage or outlet duct 60 extends laterally at an upward angle from the bore 58 and has an upwardly-directed portion 5! terminating in a counterbore 62. The outer portion of the duct 66 and its counterbore 62 are formed in a lateral projection or boss 63 formed on one side of the body adjacent its upper end. A fitting 64, of plastic or other non-corrosive material, has its reduced shank 65 screw-threaded into the counterbore and bearing against an annular, elastic seat or ring 66 mounted in said counterbore. For packing on around the fitting 64, an elastic O-ring 61 is confined upon the shank 65 so as to bear against the top of the boss 63. A downwardly-seating check valve 68, similar to the check valve 53, is disposed in the counterbore with its stem depending through the bore of the seat 66 and its bevelled head seating against said seat. The fitting has means, such as a spider 69 which is screw-threaded therein so as to be adjustable, for limiting upward movement of the check valve 68 (Fig. 6). If desired, the spider 69 may be adjusted so as to hold the check valve in engagement with its elastic seat whereby flow past said valve is permitted only when the pressure is suihcient to deform said seat. This prevents siphoning of fluid through the pump. A plastic elbow 10 and coupling 1| connect a discharge hose or tube 12 to the fitting.

It is believed to be readily apparent that the upstroke of the plunger 43 draws liquid through the suction hose 52, elbow 50 and fitting 31, past the open check valve 53, into the inlet chamber 35 (Fig. 5). The suction created by this movement pulls the check valve 68 downwardly into engagement with the seat. Downward reciprocation of the plunger closes the check valve 53 and forces the liquid through the duct 68 so as to open the check valve 68 and discharge said liquid through the fitting 64, elbow 1B and hose 12 (Fig. 3). Since the lower end of the cylinder communicates with the inlet chamber through the port 39, it is obvious that liquid drawn into said chamber enters and fills the lower portion of said cylinder.

For sealing off between the plunger and the cylinder, a pair of elastic O- rings 13 and 14 is mounted or confined in annular, radial recesses or grooves 15 and 16. The latter are elongated 5. longitudinally of the plunger so as to have relatively wide bottom Surfaces which are tapered or inclined, preferably inwardly, in opposite or divergent directions toward the ends of said plunger. Thus, the inner ends of the recesses are of less depth than the outer ends thereof. An annular flange or shoulder 11 preferably separates the recesses from each other and similar shoulders I8 and 19 are provided at the outer ends of said recesses for limiting movement of the rings I3 and I4. Since the O-rings are circular in cross-section and have a cross-sectional diameter less than the width of the recesses, it manifests that said rings roll upon the bottom surfaces of said recesses upon reciprocation of the plunger. Also, the cross-sectional diameter of the rings is substantially equal to the greatest depth of the recesses so as to constantly seal off between the plunger and cylinder. However, the sealing action of the rings is greatest when the same encircle the plunger at the least depth of the recesses. Due to the opposite taper or inclination of the recess bottoms, the upper ring I3 seals most effectively upon the upstroke of the plunger (Fig. 5) and the seal of the lower ring 14 is most effective during the downstroke (Fig. 2). It pointed out that an eflicacious liquid seal for the upper end of the plunger is provided by placing water or other liquid in the well 3|. It is noted that the width of the recesses is greater than the stroke length of the plunger, whereby the rings do not roll more than one-half of said recess width. Thus, when the rings began to wear, the same automatically ride up the tapered bottom surfaces of the recesses toward the inner ends thereof. Due to the lesser depth of the inner end portions of the recesses, the rings continue to seal even after appreciable wear thereof.

A pitman or crank member is connected to the plunger for reciprocating the same and has a connecting rod 8| screw-threaded in the upper end of the rod 44 (Figs. 3 and 5). The upper end of the connecting rod 8| is enlarged and provided with a ball and socket joint 82, the ball of which is fastened by a transverse pin 83 to a shackle 84 depending from the housing of a larger ball and socket joint 85. A shaft 86 extends through an off-center or eccentric opening 81 formed in the ball of the joint 85 and is fixed against relative rotation by said ball being clamped by a nut 88 against a shoulder 89 formed on the shaft. Due to the eccentric connection of the ball and shaft, said ball acts as a cam and causes eccentric movement of the pitman so as to reciprocate the plunger upon rotation of said shaft. Due to the ball and socket joints, the

i plunger is maintained in perfect alignment with the cylinder to prevent undue Wear. Since the stroke of the plunger is relatively short, little movement of the ball and socket joint is required and the same need not be large.

The shaft 86 has one end portion journaled in upstanding spaced blocks 90 carried by the crossbar 26. A tachometer 9| is drivingly connected to the opposite end of the shaft which is journaled in a suitable housing 92 mounted on the crossbar. The shaft is adapted to be rotated by meshing pinions 93 and 94 mounted on said shaft and an underlying countershaft 95. A pulley 90 is mounted on the outer end of the countershaft 95, which extends through and is journaled in the outermost block 90. The pulley 96 is drivingly connected by an endless belt 91 to a pulley 98 fastened on the shaft 99 of the motor 24. Due to this arrangement power is transmitted to the shaft 86 for reciprocating the plunger. The speed of the motor is reduced by the greater diameter of the pulley 96 and pinion 93 relative to the pulley 98 and pinion 94, respectively.

The pulley 98 is adjustable so as to be of variable speed and includes a hub I00 secured to the motor shaft 99 and having an external, radial flange IOI at its outer end for forming one of the rims of said pulley (Figs. 9 and 10). A cylindrical pin or shank I 02 projects axially from the outer end of the hub I00 for rotatably and slidably supporting a hub I03 having a complementary flange I04 at its inner end. The flanges IOI and I04 have their contiguous surfaces bevelled and coact in supporting the belt 91 therebetween. A circular nut I05 is screw-threaded upon the outer end of the pin I02 for confining the hub I03 thereupon. Although the hub I03 is relatively rotatable and slidable due to the greater length of the pin, such rotation and sliding of saif hub is resisted by a coiled or helical spring I06 which encircles the hub. It is noted that the ends of the spring I06 engage within suitable openings formed in the flange I04 and nut I05 and that said spring is coiled in the same direction as the rotation of the motor shaft. Thus, relative rotation of the hub I03 is resisted by uncoiling or straightening of the spring.

Due to the provision of the adjustable or variable speed pulley, the speed of reciprocation of the plunger 43 may be varied during operation of the pump. By swinging or pivoting the platform I5 upwardly, the distance between the pulleys is decreased so as to slacken or reduce the tension of the belt 91. Thus, the spring I06 moves the hub I03 inwardly toward the hub I00 so as to decrease the distance between the flanges (Fig. 9). Obviously, the loosened belt rides upon the outer portions of the bevelled flange surfaces so as to drive the pulley 96 and its shaft at a higher rate of speed and increase the reciprocal speed of the plunger. The distance between the pulleys is increased upon downward swinging of the platform, whereby the belt tension is increased so as to spread the flanges by sliding the hub I03 away from the hub I00. As shown in Fig. 10, the belt rides upon the inner portions of the bevelled flange surfaces so as to reciprocate the plunger at a lower rate of speed.

The foregoing description of the invention is explanatory thereof and various changes in the size, shape and materials, as Well as in the details of the illustrated construction may be made, within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A chemical feed pump including, a body, a cylinder in the body having an inlet and an outlet, a plunger'reciprocal in the cylinder, means for reciprocating the plunger, said plunger having tapered surfaces, and an O-ring confined upon and encircling each tapered surface for sealing ofi between said plunger and cylinder.

2. A chemical feed pump as set forth in claim 1 wherein the tapered surfaces of the plunger are oppositely inclined, whereby one O-ring seals most positively upon one stroke of said plunger and the sealing action of the other O-ring is most positive upon the reverse stroke of said plunger.

3. An injection pump including, a body, a cylinder in the body, a plunger having a snug sliding fit in the cylinder, means for reciprocating the 7 plunger, said plunger having a pair 01 annular recesses formed in its exterior, and an O-ring confined in each recess for sealing oil between said cylinder and plunger, the recesses having oppositely inclined bottoms of a width greater than 5 upon reciprocation of said plunger, one ring seal- 7 ing most positively upon one stroke and the other ring sealing most positively upon the other stroke.

4. A pump including, a body, a cylinder in the body having an inlet at one end, an outlet communicating with the inlet end of the cylinder, a liquid seal at the opposite end of said cylinder, a plunger reciprocal in said cylinder for drawing liquid into its inlet end and ejecting the same through the outlet, means for reciprocating the plunger, said plunger having a pair of oppositelydirected, annular, tapered surfaces, and an O-ring 8 confined upon each surface for sealing off between said cylinder and plunger, each surface being of a width considerably greater than the cross-sectional diameter of its O-ring whereby said rings roll upon and between the surfaces and said cylinder upon reciprocation of said plunger.

CLYDE M. Meal-LISTER.

BEFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 126,643 Maybe! May 14, 1872 2,000,262 Sutlifie May '7, 1935 2,043,059 Ploeger June 2, 1936 2,101,084 Meyers Dec. 7, 1937 2,448,379 Mantle Aug. 31, 19-18 20 2,506,738 Raypholtz May 9, 1950

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