US2558950A - Full-stroke mechanism - Google Patents

Description

y 1951 E. K. GRIP FULL-STROKE MECHANISM 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 18, 1948 y 3, 1951 E. K. GRIP FULL-STROKE MECHANISM 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 18, 1948 y 1951 E. K. GRIP 2,558,950

FULL-STROKE MECHANISM Filed Feb. 18, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 y 1951 E. K. GRIP FULL-STROKE MECHANISM 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 18, 1948 July 3, 1951 E. K. GRIP 2,558,950

FULL-STROKE MECHANISM Filed Feb. 18, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented July 3, 1951 FULL-STROKE MECHANISM Erik Konrad Grip, Atvidaberg, Sweden, assignor to Aktiebolaget Facit, Atvidaberg, Sweden, a joint-stock company of Sweden Application February 18, 1948, Serial No. 9,056 In Sweden November 6, 1946 Section 1, Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires November 6, 1966 7 Claims.

When the actuator disks of calculating machines, especially those of the Odhner or pin wheel type, are cleared a comb-shaped or toothed rod is moved into the path of rotation of the pegs or projections of said disks. When the disks are turned by the handle, usually about A of a revolution in the positive direction, the p gs of the actuator disks strike the rod so that the disks at a continued motion of the handl are turned and cleared. Thereafter the handle is returned in the opposite direction (1. e. the negative direction in the example mentioned) to its position of rest (full-cycle position) and during such return motion of the handle its full-stroke mechanism must be rendered inoperative. For this purpose the full-stroke mechanism or return look was manually disengaged from its toothed wheel (ratchet wheel) but the device customarily used for this purpose was complicated and quite bulky.

The chief purpose of this invention is to simplify the device for disconnecting the full-stroke mechanism and also to make the entire mechanism compact and easy to handle. In accordance with this invention a special design of the teeth of the locking disk is utilized to achieve the aim mentioned.

Broadly, the invention relates to a device for utilization in connection with manually operable calculating machines of the Odhner or pin-wheel type in which the pin-wheel rotor is rotatable in opposite directions and which machine is provided with a full stroke mechanism for preventing reversal of the manually operated crank during the portion of a revolution in which calculating and tens transfer operations are effected. The device comprises a pawl member mounted on the crank shaft and a locking disk or ratchet member mounted on the actuator shaft which cooperate to prevent reversal of the crank shaft during a predetermined portion of its revolution in a calculating operation.

An embodiment of the device, according to the invention, as applied to an Odhner-machine is shown in the attached drawings, in which;

Fig. 1 is an end view from the right (i. e. from the handcrank side) of an addin machine with a device according to the invention (the register carriage is broken away) Fig. 2 is a corresponding front view with the cover panels removed.

Fig. 3 is a detail View taken as indicated by the arrows III-I1I in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a partial front view with the cover panel in place; the view is taken in the direction of the arrows IVIV in Fig. 8.

Fig. 5 is a detail view partly in section of the wheel of the return-locking ratchet disk and adjacent parts.

Fig. 6 is a vertical cross sectional view on the plane of the line VIVI of Fig. 2.

Fig. '7 is a detail cross sectional view on the plane of the line VIIV'II of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a vertical cross sectional view (essentially analogous to Fig. 6), showing the position of the locking device when the crank has been turned approximately of a revolution in a positive direction.

Fig. 9 is a cross sectional view similar to that of Fig. 8 but showing the position of the return lock or fullstroke mechanism, when the handle has been turned through approximately revolution in the minus direction.

Fig. 10 is a front view and partly in section along the plane of the line XX in Fig. 13 showing particularly the actuator rotor.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of the actuator rotor. partly in section along the broken line XIXI in Fig. 13.

Fig. 12 is an end view of the actuator rotor, seen from the left in Fig. 10, i. e. taken in the direction of the arrows XII-XII in Fig. 10.

Fig. 13 is an end view of an actuator disk in the actuator rotor, seen from the left; Fig. 13 may be said to be a section along the plane of the line X1IIXIII in Fig. 10.

Fig. 14 is a section along the broken line XIV-XIV in Fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is an end view of an actuator disk seen from the right.

In the following specification the expressions right, and left, forward and backward and in front, behind are employed as these directions and positions will appear to an operator sitting at the machine.

Referring now to the drawings, the numerals I-lll (Figs. 10, 11) designate calculator or actuator disks which are splined to the rotor shaft H by means of a longitudinal key I2 (Fig. 10). Said disks are in well-known manner provided with radial channels for the actuator pins l3 and the tens transfer pins M (Fig. 13). On the shaft H setting disks l5-24 are placed (Fig. 10), which are provided with projecting setting pegs or tabs 25 (Figs. 13 and 14) in the usual manner. These pegs protrude through slots 26 (Fig. 4) in the front panel 27 and are settable manually in the ordinary manner. The actuator pins are provided with lugs 28 (Fig. 13) which in wellknown manner enter a curved slot 29 in the corresponding one of the setting disks [5-44.

Formed in the inner circumference of the setting disks are notches or recesses 3E1, one for each numeral 9 and one of these recesses is engaged by a stop or dog 3i which is radially displaceable in channels in the corresponding calculator disk and is pressed outwardly by a compression spring 32 (Fig. 10).

There is also a common locking member 33 for the disks l-2l which extends axially and is guided by holes in the calculator disks l-lfi. As most clearly seen in Fig. 11 this member is provided with a number of projections 33a and between them recesses 33b, and is urged by a compression spring 34 to the right in Fig. 11 until a pin 35 fastened on the member 33 strikes the side of a calculator disk 5. In this position, which is the locking position, projections 33a enter one of the recesses or notches 30 in the setting disks l52 i so that the latter are locked against rotation. In this way the item set is retained in the pin-Wheel rotor or actuator. If the locking member 33 is moved to the left in Fig. 11, the recesses 33b align with the setting disks (and the projections 33a are between said disks) and the setting disks are free of the locking member 33 and are latched only by the dogs 3i and may now be set manually to the desired values by means of the pegs 25. During a calculating operation, however, the setting disks are locked by the member 33.

The pin-wheel rotor or actuator is driven by means of the 'handcrank :39 (Fig. 2) via the gear wheel 36 (Fig. splined on the main shaft H, and on said shaft l l a lock disk 3? and a ratchet disk 38 are also fastened (see Figs. 6 and 8-9). The pin wheel rotor or actuator is held in the axial direction by means of stops 39 (Fig. 10) inserted into grooves in the shaft l i. For clamping the rotor aggregate in the axial direction, a screw it and a nut ll are provided.

The gear wheel 36 on the main shaft H meshes with another gear wheel 43 of the same size, secured to the shaft 42 (Fig. 6) of the operating crank 19. On the hub of gear wheel 33 a pawl member or return lock 44 (Figs. 5, 6, 8, 9) is rockably journalled, which by means of a compression spring 45 is pressed against the resilient ring or washer 46 (Figs. 2, 5) on the hub of the gear. The pawl member 44 is in the same plane (at right angles to the shaft) as the ratchet disk 38 and cooperates with the latter. When the gear wheel 43 rotates, the friction coupling 45, 46 tends to rotate the ratchet 44 also; the rotary motion of the latter is, however,

limited by a stationary pin 4'! secured to the end wall 48 of the machine and cooperating with abutments 44a, Mb on the circumference of the ratchet member 44 (Figs. 6, 8, 9).

Shaft 42 for the operating crank or handle is journalled in a bushing 48a secured to the endwall 33 of the machine frame, and to said shaft a crank 49 is secured. The crank 49 carries a hollow crank pin or trunnion 5|, on which the handle part Ell proper is mounted (Fig. 2). Inside the crank pin 5| a check pin 52 is displaceably journalled, which by means of a compression spring 53 is pressed to the left (Figs. 2 and 3). This movement to the left is limited by a washer 5:3 fastened on the check pin 52 and striking the butt-end of the crank pin 5!. Said washer also serves to retain the handle part 50 on the crank pin 5!. In its locked position (i. e. the fullcycle position of the pin wheel rotor) the check pin 52 enters a slot in the crank stop 55 fastened to the side of the machine frame.

A rod 56 is axially displaceable in the crank stop 55 and extends through the end-wall 48 of the machine frame, and to the inner end of said rod a lock disk 5? (Figs. 2, 6 and 7) is welded. Said lock disk is also guided by a pin 58 secured to the end-wall 38 and is (together with the pin 56) urged to the right in Fig. 2 by a tension spring 59 stretched between the lock plate and the endwall 8. The spring 53 in the handle is stronger than the spring 5% and therefore is able to displace the lock disk 57 (together with the parts actuated thereby) to its extreme left posi tion, shown in Fig. 2. The right end of the looking member 33 (Figs. '7 and 11) is pressed against lock plate or disk El and in its extreme left position just mentioned the disk 51 keeps the member 33 pressed to its left end position so that the setting disks I52l are not locked by the member 33. When the operator releases the handle 5i] and the latter is in its full-cycle position (Figs. 1 and 2) the setting disks lt i l are consequently free and can be set manually. But when the opertor pulls the handle 56 out to the right in Fig. 2 (and rotates the crank til, 50) the lock disk 5'! is urged to its right end position by its spring 59 and spring 34 (Fig. 11) presses the locking member 33 to its locking position, shown in Fig. 11. During the calculating operations the setting disks are thus securely locked by the member 33 in their position as set. Into the pin a knob or stud GE] is screwed, which said knob projects out of the crank stop 55, is accessible from the outside (Figs. l3) and is axially movable in a slot in the stop 55. By means of said knob, the locking disk cl can be manually actuated.

The disk 5? has a projection 5111. (Figs. 6 and 7) which, when said disk is displaced from its left end position (shown in full lines in Fig. 7) to its extreme right position (dash and dot-lined in Fig. 7) or vice versa, passes through a corresponding recess 37a in the locking disk 3i.

On the front panel 2? a clearing slide El (Figs. 4 and 6) is displaceably mounted, screws 62 on the panel 2'! passing through oblong slots in the slide. This clearing slide has a recess or fork 6 IC engaging the edge of the look disk Ell so that the clearing slide is moved in unison with the lock disk 51, when the latter is displaced. When the lock disk 51 is in its left end position, shown in Figs. 2 and l, the teeth (55a, of the slide 6! are in alignment with the slots 26 in the panel 2?; if the pin wheel rotor is now rotated, the setting tabs or knobs 25 are stopped by the teeth of slide 6i. But if the lock plate 57 i in its right end position, the recesses Eilb align with the slots 26 and now the tabs 25 may pass the clearing slide 6 l at the rotation of the pin wheel rotor.

The arrangement described works in the following manner.

After the operator has set the desired item in the actuator by means of the tabs 25, he pulls the handle 56 to the right (Fig. 2) and starts the calculating operations in ordinary manner by turning the handle in either direction of rotation. When the handle is moved axially, the lock plate 51 is moved to its right position in the abovementioned manner, and due to this the abutment 57a is to the right of the lock disk 3i, as shown in dash-and-dot lines in Fig. 7. The locking member 33 is moved to its right end position and thus locks the setting disks l5-24 in their set position.

When the first actuator pin I3 is in mesh with the gear wheels 63 of the results register (accumulator), the crank handle 49 must be locked against rotation in the direction opposite to that of the operation of calculation taking place, because otherwise errors of calculatiOn might occur. After approximately one third of a complete revolution the actuator pins 13 become enmeshed with the gear wheels 53. Not until after the calculating operation proper and the tens transfer has been completed can a reversal of the direction of rotation of the crank handle be allowed; this occurs after substantially the entire revolution of the crank has been completed.

The looking or checking of the crank handle against reversal of the direction of rotation is affected by the return lock or full-stroke mechanism. When the handle is rotated (clockwise in Figs. 1, 6 and 8) for an adding operation, the pinwheel rotor rotates in the positive direction (counter-clockwise in Figs. 6 and 8) that is in the-direction of the arrow A, and this causes the return lock or full-stroke member 44 to be rocked from its position of rest, shown in Fig. 6, to the position shown in Fig. 8 (engaging the pin 41). During this rocking motion the teeth 38a and 3% on the ratchet disk 33 pass freely by the locking tooth Me of the return lock 44. But if the direction of rotation of the handle is reversed too soon during the revolution, the return lock 44 is rocked (counter-clockwise in Fig. 8), so that the tooth 440 is turned inwards against the teeth on the disk 38 and engages one of the symmetrical teeth 38a or the locking surface on one of the asymmetrical teeth 38b and hereby prevents any reversal of the pin-Wheel rotor. It should be observed that when the rotation of the handle starts, the lock tooth 44c passes freely in the recess 38c and can 3 consequently be brought along frictionally by the gear wheel 43, until the return lock 44 is checked in its rotation because the abutment 44c strikes the pin 41.

The pin-wheel rotor is locked against reversal in an analogous manner when a negative calculating operation is effected in the minus direction (see Fig. 9). 1

For clearing the pin wheel rotor or actuator the operator holds (preferably with thumb of his right hand) the button 60 in its left position, while he simultaneously pulls out the handle 50 to the right and begins rotating it in positive direction (clockwise in Fig. 1). After the handle has been rotated somewhat, the operator can again release the button 60. The locking disk 51 now remains in its left position (shown in full lines in Fig. 7), because it is retained in said position by the abutment 510. that can not pass by the locking disk 31. Consequently the looking member 33 is kept in its releasing (inactive) position as shown in Fig. 7, during the entire clearing procedure and the setting disks I5, 24 are thus free and unlocked. At the continued rotation of the handle the knobs 25 on the setting disks l5--24 will strike against the teeth Bid on the clearing slide Bl which is in its active position as shown in Fig. 4 (left-hand position), because the locking plate 51 is now in its left position. The setting disks are thus arrested during the continued rotation of the pin-wheel rotor and are thus cleared. When the clearing process has been completed, the rotation of the handle is checked because one end of the curve slots 29 (Fig.13) now strikes against the first of the pins 28.

The handle is now turned in the opposite direction back to its full-cycle position, During this motion the return lock is automatically disabled because one or more of the first teeth 38b on the ratchet disk 38 are asymmetrical, and have steep locking surfaces in one direction, but in the other direction have flat surfaces that can by-pass the lock tooth 440 without being locked by the same, as illustrated in Fig. 8. It is to be observed that at the end of the clearing operation the actuator (and the handle) is stopped in such position that when the handle then is turned back (as just described) the lock-tooth 440 is just in front of (cooperates with) the flat surfaces of the teeth 38b only.

For clearing the setting disks I524 a rotation of only a quarter revolution of the handle is sufficient, but the calculating operation proper (the mesh between the pins l3 and the gear wheels 63) first begins after the operator has turned the handle about one third of a revolution from its full-cycle position. The nonsymmetrical teeth 38b are so arranged, that they cooperate with (are right in front of) the lock tooth 440 during the rotation in the interval between 0 and revolution of the handle, counted from its full-cycle position. It is consequently possible to reverse the rotational direction of the handle, until it has completed somewhat more than a quarter of a revolution from its full-cycle position. The nonsymmetrical teeth 381) thus lock in one direction of the rotation (cp. Fig. 9), but not in the opposite direction.

From the above specification it is evident that for clearing for the setting disks the operator only needs to use one hand and that the clearing operation is essentially automatic after the operator has moved the button 60 with his thumb. According to the invention the clearing of the setting disks is effected very rapidly and in a simple manner.

Certain modifications may be made in the devices shown and described without exceeding the idea of this invention. Thus the asymmetrical teeth 38?) may be one or more in number. Such teeth might be arranged on only one side of the recess 380 in the lock disk 38.

I claim:

1. In a manually operated calculating machine having an actuator rotatable in opposite directions by means of a crank geared thereto, the actuator and crank being mounted on separate shafts extending parallel to each other in combination, a toothed locking disk connected with the actuator for rotation therewith, said look- .ing disk having teeth forming locking surfaces and having a broad recess formed by omitting certain of the teeth, a locking pawl cooperating with said locking surfaces said locking pawl being oscillatably mounted on the crank shaft, a frictional coupling between said locking pawl and the shaft of said crank, stops limiting the rotation of said locking pawl in either direction of rotation, and a clearing member for said actuator, said clearing member being manually settable to its operative position to clear said actuator when said crank is rotated through a predetermined angle in one direction, at least one tooth of said locking disk having uni-directional locking surfaces adjacent to the broad recess therein which is moved into cooperative relation with said locking pawl at the termination of said predetermined angular movement of said crank corresponding to the angle of the clearing operation while the other teeth of said locking disk have locking surfaces for locking in both directions in cooperation with said locking pawl and said recess rendering free passage for said locking paw1 during the first part of its rotation from the full-cycle position of said actuator.

2. In a manually operated calculating machine as claimed in claiml, at least one tooth of said locking disk at both sides of said broad recess and adjacent to it having uni-directional locking surfaces for cooperation with said locking pawl.

3. In a manually operated calculating machine having an actuator rotatable in two directions by means of a crank geared thereto, the actuator and crank being mounted on separate shafts extending parallel to each other in combination, a locking disk rotated in unison with said actuator, teeth with locking surfaces on said disk, said disk having a broad recess formed by omitting certain of the teeth at its full-cycle position, a locking pawl oscillatably mounted on the crank shaft cooperating with said locking surfaces to prevent incorrect reversal of rotation of said crank and positioned on the broad recess at the normal full cycle position of the disk, a frictional coupling between said locking pawl and said crank, stops for limiting the rotation of said locking pawl in either direction, and a clearing member for said actuator, said clearing member being normally in its operative position when said crank is in its full-cycle position, said clearing member being automatically moved to its inoperative position when said crank is rotated, said clearing member being manually retainable in its operative position, while said crank is rotated through a predetermined angle of rotation in one direction for clearing, at least some of the locking surfaces of said locking disk adjacent to said recess therein having a long radius of curvature to prevent locking in one direction while the other locking surfaces of said locking disk have a small radius of curvature for locking in both directions in cooperation with said locking pawl and said broad recess permitting free passage for said locking paw1 during the first part of its rotation from the full-cycle position of said actuator.

4. In a manually operated calculating machine having an actuator which has settable elements and is rotatable in opposite directions by means of a crank geared thereto, the actuator and crank being mounted on separate shafts extending parallel to each other, in combination, a locking disk rotated in unison with said actuator, said looking disk having locking teeth thereon and having a broad recess formed by omission of certain teeth at its full cycle position, a locking paw] cooperating with said locking surfaces to prevent incorrect reversal of rotation of said crank, a frictional coupling between said locking pawl and said crank, stops for limiting the rotation of said locking pawl in either direction, a clearing slide for said actuator, said clearing slide being normally in its operative position when said crank is in its full cycle position, a locking rod for locking the settable elements of the actuator in set position, said rod being spring-urged toward locking position from a normal inoperative position, a locking plate cooperating with said clearing slide and with said locking rod to hold said slide in operative position and said rod in inoperative position in the normal position of said plate, a check pin mounted in the crank handle and cooperating with said locking plate when the handle is in full cycle position to hold the locking plate in normal position, means to release the crank for operation, said means effecting movement of said locking plate to render said locking rod operative and said clearing slide inoperative, said locking disk and locking paw1 cooperating to permit reverse rotation of said crank until a predetermined angle corresponding to said broad recess has been passed through, said locking teeth on said locking disk serving to thereafter prevent reverse rotation of the crank until a full rotation thereof has been completed, and manually operable means for holding said locking plate in normal position to hold said clearing slide in operative position and said locking rod in inoperative position when the crank is released, whereby said locking pawl cooperates with looking teeth with unidirectional locking surfaces at one side of said broad recess in said locking disk and permits reversal of direction of rotation for a predetermined portion of the crank rotation greater than that permitted by the broad recess in said looking disk by an amount equivalent to the movement necessary to perform a clearing operation.

5. A manually operated calculating machine as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that said manually operable holding means comprises a knob accessible from the exterior of the machine.

6. A manually operated calculating machine as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that said manually operable holding means comprises a knob accessible from the outside of the machine arranged adjacent the crank when the crank is in full cycle position and adapted to be operated by one hand simultaneously with the operation of the crank.

7. A manually operated calculating machine as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that said locking plate has a projection thereon and a full cycle disk having a recess therein is mounted on the actuator shaft, said projection being in alignment with said recess in said disk so that said projection can pass through said recess only in the full cycle position of the crank and actuator.

ERIK KONRAD GRIP.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 823,375 Trinks June 12, 1906 873,413 Muller Feb. 4, 1908 1,081,172 Trinks Dec. 9, 1913 1,428,831 Augustin Sept. 12, 1922 1,464,778 Rudin Aug. 14, 1923 1,510,100 Odhner Sept, 30, 1924 1,624,104 Landsiedel Apr. 12, 1927 1,639,923 Broman Aug. 23, 1927 1,927,771 Carlstron Sept. 19, 1933

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