US255861A - Method of and apparatus for gluing barrels - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. H. HOPPER. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR GLUING BARRELS. No. 255.861. y Patented Apr. 4,1882.

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(No Mom.) 4 2 Sheets-Sheet 2..

G. H. HOPPER. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR GLUING BARRELS.

No. 255,861. Patented Apr, 4,1882.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE H. HOPPER, OF UNIONVILLE, onto.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR GLUING BARRELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 255,861, dated April 4-, 1882.

Application filed February 10, 1882. (No model} To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE H. HOPPER, of Unionville, in the county of Lake and State of Ohio, have invented a new and Improved Method of and Apparatus for Gluing Barrels; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and complete description thereof. l

The purpose of this invention is to reduce the temperature of barrels to a low degree preparatory to their receiving an interior coating of hot glue, in order to cause the glue to set quickly, so that it may not run and settle at the lower part or the bottom-0f the barrel while the glue is yet warm and the barrel at rest. 1

Ofthe apparatus devised for the aboVespecified purpose, and the operation of the same, the following is a full and complete description, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Fignre 1 represents a side elevation of the apparatus, partially in section. Figs. 2 and 3 are detached views. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the. apparatus.

Like letters of reference reTer to like parts in the several views.

In preparing barrels for holding the distillates of petroleum it is necessary that they be made impervious to the penetrating nature of the fluid. To accomplish this the barrel is treated interiorly with a coating of glue, which is not readily acted upon by the oil. This coating of glue is applied by pouring a given amount of hot glue into the barrel through the bung-holeand then rolling the barrel, so that the hot liquid glue may swash about therein and cover the inside. The surplus glue is allowed to drain off through the bung-hole by rolling the barrel onto a drain trough, into which the free and yet warm glue flows from the bung-hole, leaving more or less adhering to the inside of the barrel. I n the summertime it requires about one-half pound of glue to a barrel, whereas in the cold days of winter one-fourth of a pound is all that is needed. This difference in the amount of glue used in warm and cold weather is owing to the timber of the barrel becoming warm from the heat of the atmosphere, so that the hot glue, after being applied to the inside of the barrel, runs down the inside to the end or side that may be down, instead of remaining on the sides and head that may be uppermost, as it would do did the glue cool and set quickly. Hence of the half-pound of glue not more than a half of it remains distributed over the interior surface of the barrel, the rest having run down and settled on the lower side or end, as the position of the barrel may be. In consequence there is a large waste of gluean excess in one. place and not enough in another. In the winter-season, when the barrels are cold, the hot glue poured therein. and swashed about quickly cools and adheres evenly over the surface of the'barrel, so that instead of using a half-pound of glue, as in the summer-season, a quarter of a pound is sufficient, making thereby a tighter barreland saving at least" one-half of the glue, which (such as is used for this purpose) is worth twelve cents per pound, making a saving of fit'ty per cent. in the cost of gluing the barrels in favor of winter.

In order to avoid this waste of glue is the purpose of this invention, and is effected" by making the condition of the barrels as regards temperature the same in summer as in winter, by simply chilling them by artificial means before they go to the gluetub for being glued.

To this end is constructed a refrigerating chamber,'A, Figs. 1 and 4.. Said chamber may consist of a long narrow shallow structure'- capable of holding fifty or seventy barrels, y

(moreorless,)and madeofdouble wallsB,filled in with any suitable non-heat-condncting ma terial, C, Fig. 4. Running lengthwise through the chamber is an inclined track, D, of stiflicient grade to causethe barrels E to roll down by their own gravity. In the drawings one track only is shown. Two or more may be used, and of different grades, as may be desired. 7

At each end of the chamberA is a subchamber, respectively F and G, through which the inclined track 1) passes to the outside of' the refrigeratory chamber A. Said track lies on the threshold of the doorways opening into the sub-chamber G. The doorway H is closed by a drop-door, I, hinged to the wall of the chamber at a so that'it may swing openin wardly. The doorway of the innerwall, J, of the sub-chamber is also provided with a door,

K, hinged and opening in the same way as the door I, as seen in the drawings. The two walls L and M of the sub-chamber F are respectively provided with sliding doors N and 0, opened vertically by the levers I, to which they are connected by rods b, substantially as shown in Fig. 1. The several doorways above alluded to are only large enough to permit the passage of abarrcl through them. The doors to the sub-chamber may be arranged 'as are other doors, or to operate automatically.

Close to the door H of the chamber is'journaled a shaft, Q, Fig. 4,011 which is secured a pair of wheels, It, over which run respectively the elevator chains S T, provided with arms U, on which to place the barrels V for being carried from a lower floor to the refrigeratingchamber. Said elevator is operated by a cogwheelfi'V, suitablyconnected with some motive power.

In the chamber A is a system of serpentine pipes, Y, arranged in a horizontal position between the barrels and the ceiling of the chamber, as shown in Fig. 4. Said system of pipes extends the entire length and width of the chamber. The end A of the pipes is connected by a pipe, 13, to an ammoniacal-gas pump, G, whereas the opposite end, D, of the pipe is connected by a pipe, E, to a receiver, F, containing aqua -ammonia, and in which terminates one end of the coil G of a condenser, H. Said condenser is in connection with the pump G by a pipe, H.

The practical operation of the above described apparatus is as follows: The temperature of the chamber A is reduced to a low degree by the expansion or vaporizing of aquaammonia in the pipes Y, drawn therein from the receiver F by the pump 0, which is or may be like this class of pumps in ordinary use. Henceadescription thereofis notthought essential in this place, as the construction thereof forms no part of this invention. A circulation of ammoniacal gas is continued through the pipes by the action of the pump, during the operation of which the vaporized liquid ammonia or gas is drawn from the pipes Y through the pipe B into the pump 0, from which it is forcedinto the condenserH, wherein the ammoniacal gas in passing through the pipes G is condensed by the application thereto of cold water inducted into the vessel containing the coil by means of the water-pipe N.

pansion of aqua-ammonia, drawing gas therefrom to keep up the continued expansion and forcing the gas into the condenser to be reduced again to aqua-ammonia, running into the receiver F in condition for the circuit, as before mentioned, which is continuous.

The barrels to be treated with an interior coating of glue are conducted into the frigid chamber through the doorway II, Fig. 1, at which they are delivered from a lower floor by the elevator M, above described. The barrel as it leaves the arms of the elevatorimpinges upon the door I, and by its movement down the inclined track 1) opens the door and passes into the sub-chamber G to the door K, pushing it. open and entering the chamber A, down the inclined track of which it rolls to the door 0, which is opened by the lever P to allow it to enter the sub-chamber F. The door is then closed and the door N opened by the lever P, allowing the barrel to roll from the sub-chamber to the gluing-tub I, under which it is conducted, bung-hole upward, to receive the end of the gage-faucet 0, through which the hot glue from the tub enters the barrel. The barrel is immediately removed from under the gluetub to give place to another following. The

, removed barrel is bunged up and given a thorough whirling and shaking, that the steam from the hot glue therein may test the tightness of the barrel, which it does by issuing from any imperfections that may be in the barrel-such as bad joints,worm-holes, &c.--which are immediately plugged up by the operator. This whirling and shaking also spreads the glue to all parts of the interior of the barrel. The barrel thus treated is then placed upon the drain-trough D and left there, bung downward, so that the free glue, if any, in the barrel may drip or run out and be conducted by the troughs into the drip-tubs J and saved for further use. The barrel in passing through the freezing-chamber A becomes very cold, so that the hot glue remaining upon the inside surface, after having been drained, chills and sets at once upon the interior surface, and does not run down the surface and settle at the bottom or end, as it would do in a warm barrel, causing an excess of glue in one place and an insutficiency in another. 7 On the contrary, the hot glue chills and adheres at once to the sides and heads of the barrel evenly and uniformly over the entire surface. In view of this quick chilling of the glue in the barrel one-half the quantity of glue only is required for gluing the barrel-that is to say, the same amount, (onefourth of a pound to a barrel,) the amount used in the winter-season when the barrels are cold, instead of one-half a pound required in-the summer-seasonfwhen the barrels are warm, for the same purpose as above mentioned.

It will be obvious from the above that the condition of the barrel as regards temperature is the same in summer as in winter, which, as

abovesaid, results in a saving of about onehalf in the matter of glue, and at the same time doing the work of gluing as well in the hot days of summer as in the cold days of winter.

The purpose of the sub-chambers F and G is to prevent the warm air from the outside entering directly into the chamber A when the not directly open to the outside air on passing in and out the barrels.

The faucet 0, above alluded to, is gaged to hold about one-half gallon of hot liquid gluean amount sufficient to afford steam to properly test the barrel, and also a sufficient quantity to be certain of its reaching all parts of the inside surface when the barrel is being shaken by the operator, after which the surplus liquid is drained ofi".

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an apparatus for cooling barrels preparatory to their being glued, the arrangement and combination of the frigid chamber A and sub-chambers F and G, with their respective doors and cooling-pipes Y, in combination with an ammoniacal-gas pump, condenser, and receiver, with their several connecting-pipes, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth. I

2. Arranged in relation to and in combination with the frigid chamber A, an inclined track, glue-tub, and elevator, operating conjointly in the manner set forth, and for the purpose specified.

3. As a preparatory step in the process of gluing barrels, the cooling of said barrels to a low degree of temperature by passing them through a refrigerating apparatus that the glue, when applied to the interior of the barrel, may chill and set quickly, for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE H. HOPPER.

Witnesses:

W. H. BURRIDGE, J. H. B RRIDGE.

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