US2557106A - High-pressure oil-nozzle for grindings - Google Patents

Description

June 19, 1951 F, B, HUGH 2,557,106

HIGH-PRESSURE HOSE NOZZLE FOR GRINDINGS Filed April 12, 1946 INVENTOR. FRANCIS B. HUGHES Patented June 19, 1951 UNITED srA-rss earns?! ()FFlCiE HIGIi-'-PRESSURE OIL NGZZLEFOR 'GRINDING'S Francis B. Hughes, Washington, D. .C.

-- Application April 12,11946, Serial No.- 661,638

(Granted under the act of March 3, "1883, as

4 Claims.

This invention relates'to nozzles, and more particularlyto an'antisplash' nozzle which isdesigned .ofwork duegto the overheating which resulted.

down of the grinding wheels or' cutting tools, the

burnishing of the wor'k'in process, as well'as, a general slowing-upof the cutting or grinding operations. "While an'increase of the cooling 'oil pressure would have remedied this problem; the excessive splashing 'WhlCh'IbOUIICB'd off "thework in process could not be controlled, "and'resulted in an impractical 'messy toperation even with shields.

'By'the practice 'of my invention, the speed of the cutting and grindingoperationsimaybe. substantially increased without experiencing :the deleterious effects of the 'burnishing f the work, offthe splashing-of the'lubricants' and/ or cooling media and of theaccornpanying break-downpf the "grinding :Wheelspr cutting tools. In other wordspthe burnishing'of the workin process is substantially eliminated and the lifeof the grinding wheels or cutting" tools is extended three or four times the present life. Further, any material splashingof the lubricants and/orcooling media isabolished, coupledwith anoverall' reduction in the amount of said lubricants *and/ or cooling media that may be requiredto processthe hardenedworkor material.

'It isan object of this invention-to-provide nozzleforgrinding and cutting operations which is so constructed as to adjustably enablethe projection of apressure -jet of cooling oil or-other media to the exact point of *tangential contact between the cutting tool or-grinding' wheel and the work to beprocessed.

:,-Another object of the invention is to provide a combination nozzle having -an adjustable exterior. sleeve so. designed asto permit-and-to regulate a completezcircular l collaror curtain :of l oil to be projectedaboutthe main jet ofcooling "oil or other media.

;Another :.object of :the -present;invention is to provide an iantispla'sh LHOZZlG ;of the .:above described type producing a primaryxstrearnio'fffluid amended April 30, 1928; 370 O. G. 75"!) 2 and a secondaryflow of'said fluid in the form of a curtain about said primary. stream, wherein the direction .of streanrflow is adjustable with respect to the direction of curtain. flow.

Another object of thepresent'invention' is to provide an. antisplash nozzle of the above described type producing .a central high velocity ,primary fluidflow and a low velocity secondary fluid curtain flow surrounding said primary'ilow.

A still further object of the invention is to provide'an inexpensive adjustable nozzlewhich may bejattached to .any'feed line which, in priorrpractices, has,providedthegrinding andcutting machines with "the ;re.quired cooling oil or other media.

These andother objects will. be apparent'irom a study-orthe'appendedspecification, which is presented'bywayof exemplification, andis not meant'toiimit"the'invention. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is'a'n-exploded isometric view of thenozzle showing thejcomponentparts thereof; and

'Fig. 2 is alongitudinal'section of the nozzle showingthe component parts thereof in assembled position.

Referringto" the drawingsthe present nozzle is provided withan' ezteriorsleevelfi, the rear or base portion of which i is adapted with internal female threads '26 *for adjustably mounting the same on'the seat it. Theseat Iii isprovided with two portions-formedintegral with each other: one portion thereof "is the coupling "40 provided with the "externaliithreads "26, cooperating with the internal'threa'ds 200i sleeve l2 for adjustably mounting the latter; and the passageway there througlrhaving aijpartially threaded portion '22 for-coupling the entire nozzle to .a' cooling medium feed line or theglike, "not shown; and the other portionisa-soclretizs shaped to provide an interior sleeve juxtaposed with the substantially coextensive forward ,portion [3 of the exterior sleeve 12 toformj'an annular'by pass'3ll therebetween. Byadjusting the position ofthe exterior sleeveiion-theseat' H5 thespace. 2|, or the area of the openings of channels '28, may be varied by cooperation betweentheshoulder *ti formed on the-exterior 'sleeve- 12- andthe-fiange 3 l aformed on theinteriorsleeve; orby partially covering said openings by theface' fifion sleeve 2, thereby controlling the amountoffluid flow through said lay-pass, as -w'ill-becon1e more-fully understood from the following-discussion.

The socketportion zt of the seat I 6 is internally adapted to receive a --spherical nozzle stem mounting ll-161111961 214, uni-versally adjustable therein,:carrying the elongated tubular stem I B,

the coupling portion 49 of seat l6, through its passage 50, and stem I8 combining to form a central main duct through said nozzle. In addition, the socket portion 23 is provided with an internal- 1y threaded portion 25 adapted to receive the annular clamping and retaining member having the external threads 32, which cooperates with the socket 23 to hold the spherical nozzle stem mounting member 24 in the desired position, tightening thereof against the mounting member 24 being accomplished by aid of a spanner wrench (not shown) and the wrench sockets I9.

The coupling portion 40 of the seat is is further provided at its socket adjacent end with the above-mentioned radial channels 28, connecting the passage with the space 2| and the annular by-pass 30. The central main duct formed by the coupling 41! and the stem l8 enables a central main flow of cooling oil or other fluid medium, entering the nozzle through the passageway 5B and being emitted as a primary stream flow from the forward discharge end 5: of the stem l3, while the channels 28 enable a portion of this fluid to be disbursed into the adjustable space 2| to form a secondary by pass flow being emitted from the annular bypass 39 as a circular collar or curtain about the primary stream of cooling medium. It will now be appreciated that by suitable adjustment of the sleeve I2 on seat l6 one may control the fluid iiow through the by-pass 30, by the above-mentioned regulation of the openings of the channels 28, or of the space 2|, and thus control the velocity of the circular collar or curtain of fluid issuing therefrom substantially independent of the main stream flow.

In assembling the present nozzle, the seat 55 is threaded into the exterior sleeve l2, the stem carrying mounting 24 is placed in the socket portion 23 of the seat, and the clamping and retaining member I1 is threaded into said socket. In the operation of the nozzle, it is mounted or attached to a conventional cooling oil feed line by means of the threaded portion 22 of the seat H3. Its assembly allows a high pressure primary 1 flow of the oil or cooling medium from the feed line to pass into and through the main duct formed by the coupling 40 and the stem I8 and to be emitted therefrom as a main stream, while a secondary portion of the lubricant or cooling medium passes through the channels 28 into space 2|, and thence through the annular curtain forming by-pass 30. When so by-passed. this fluid is emitted from the nozzle in the form of a curtain or collar about the main flow of oil or other cooling medium. The desired curtain flow velocity is obtained by adjustment of sleeve l2 on seat I6 to vary the size of space 2|, or the openings of the channels 28. The independen control of the curtain flow thus afforded enables an accurate adjustment of the nozzle l8 to in-- sure proper impingement of the main stream flow upon the cutting or grinding interface, and ready observation thereof. To this end, the our tain flow may be stopped by closing space 2|, or

the openings of the channels 28, thus enabling are obtained by proper adjustment thereof to substantially quench the splashing resulting from the main stream flow. Thus when the nozzle is properly installed on the fluid feed line, it provides an unimpeded central main flow of lubricant passing through the nozzle and being projected on to the exact point of tangential contact between the cutting or grinding tool and the work to be processed, and a secondary flow passing through the curtain by-pass to form a cu1 tain or collar of fluid about the main stream of fluid emitted from the nozzle stem |8, su stantially quenching the splashing resulting fro...: the impingement of the stream upon the cutting or grinding interface.

By use of the nozzle embodying the present invention, cutting and grinding operations may be conveniently accomplished at a higher rate of speed than heretofore, due to the fact that they may be practically performed with the exact point of machining contact immersed in a bath of heat transfer fluid which is so controlled as to substantially eliminate the splashing effect that heretofore has necessitated the use of cumbersome shields or resulted in an excessive messiness about the equipment. The controlled projection of the heat transfer fluid on the work, without the attendant splashing, has served to transfer the frictional heat to such an extent as to substantially eliminate the burnishing of the work. In addition, the projected fluid at the increased working pressures, which serves to clean or Wash the grinding wheel or cutting tool employed, has increased the life thereof three fold. Therefore, through the use of my invention, a better product may be manufactured with greater economy, convenience, and facility.

If desired, various sized stems l8 may be provided to enable the application of the proper amount of oil fiow to the exact interface between the cutting tool or grinding wheel and the work to be processed. Also, the shape of the outlet port or orifice 5| of stem l8 may likewise be varied to enhance the desired results. Other variations and modifications of the present invention, within the spirit and scope thereof as defined by the appended claims, will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are within the monopoly here embraced.

The invention herein described may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A nozzle for directing a liquid medium upon a cutting or grinding interface comprising a stem for directing a stream of said medium, a mounting therefor, a socket for said mounting, a clamping means, said stem and mounting being adjustable in said socket and being clamped in adjusted position by said clamping means, a coupling integral with said socket and having a passageway therethrough, said passageway and stem forming a main duct, and a liquid by-pass forming sleeve adjustably mounted on said coupling and socket, said sleeve being spaced from said socket along a portion of said socket to form an annular curtain generating by-pass to provide a curtain of said medium about said stream, said main duct and by-pass being connected by a channel, said sleeve by its adjustability controlling said curtain substantially independently of said stream by regulation of the egress of liquid from the channel.

A nozzle for directing a cooling and lubricating medium upon a cutting or grinding interface comprising a stem for directing a stream of said medium, a mounting for said stem, a seat for said mounting having a passageway therethrough, said mounting and stem being adjustable in said seat, a clamping member to clamp said mounting and stem in adjusted position, said passageway and stem forming a main duct, and a liquid by-pass forming sleeve adjustably mounted on said seat and spaced therefrom along a portion of said seat to form a curtain generating by-pass providing a curtain flow about said stream, said duct and by-pass being connected by a channel, the egress of liquid from said channel being varied by adjustment of said sleeve to control 'the curtain flow substantially independently of said stream.

3. An antisplash nozzle for liquid media comprising a stem for directing a stream of said medium, a mounting for said stem, a seat for said mounting having a passageway therethrough, said mounting and stem being adjustable in said seat, means for clamping said mounting and stem in adjusted position, said stem and passageway forming a main duct, and a liquid by-pass forming sleeve adjustably mounted on said seat and spaced therefrom along a portion of said seat to form a curtain generating by-pass providing a curtain flow about said stream, said duct and by-pass being connected by a channel, the egress of liquid from said channel being varied by adjustment of said sleeve to control the curtain flow.

4. An antisplash nozzle for liquid media comprising a stem for directing a stream of said medium, a mounting therefor, a seat for said mounting having a passageway therethrough,

6 4 said stem and mounting being adjustable in said seat, said passageway and stem forming a main duct, and a by-pass forming sleeve adjustably mounted on said seat and being spaced therefrom along a portion of said seat to form a curtain by-pass providing a curtain flow about said stream, said duct and by-pass being connected by a channel, liquid flow through said channel being varied by adjustment of said sleeve to control the curtain flow.

FRANCIS B. HUGHES.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 199,936 Rowland Feb. 5, 1878 409,751 Mathewson Aug. 27, 1889 460,496 Bancroft Sept. 29, 1891 812,202 Greenlaw Feb. 13, 1906 922,895 Helm May 25, 1909 930,800 Sanger Aug. 10, 1909 1,026,688 Macleod et a1 May 21, 1912 1,729,577 Gastell Sept. 24, 1929 1,734,580 I-lippenmeyer Nov. 5, 1929 1,823,277 Lum Sept. 15, 1931 2,000,792 Schmiderknecht May 7, 1935 2,012,623 Boyd Aug. 27, 1935 2,049,141 Schneider July 28, 1936 2,127,188 Schellin et a1 Aug. 16, 1938 2,165,164 Waters July 4, 1939 2,197,667 Shook Apr. 16, 1940 2,285,831 Pennypacker June 9, 1942 2,313,994 Grant Mar. 16, 1943 2,320,964 Yates June 1, 1943

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