US2554146A - Pile hammer - Google Patents

Description

May 22, 1951 JQ G. JOHNS 2,55%146 PILE HAMMER Filed Nov. 6, 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 y v.f Fl'.

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` PILE Hmmm Filed Nov. e, 194e 2 sheets-sheet y2 I "F1-QE.

Patented May 22, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PILE HAMMER l Jesse G. Johns, Cut Bank, Mont. Application November 6, 194s, serial No. 58,633

This invention relates to fluid-operated piledriving hammers, and it has for its object to improve the construction and operation of hammers- ,i of this class.

`It is also an object of the invention to expedite the sinking of a pile and to prevent injury to the Y latter while it is being driven.

shown in Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Figure 4 is a section on line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Figure 5 is a side elevation of the hammer shown in Fig. 1 as viewed from the left in the latter figure.

Figure 6 is a section on lines 6-6 of Figs. 1 and 5. Figure 7 illustrates one means for supplying iiuid under pressure to the hammer. g Figure 8 illustrates an alternative means for supplying fluid under pressure to the hammer. y Herein I have embodied my improvements in a steam-operated pile hammer comprising a body consisting of three cylinder sections I, 2 and 3 (Figs. 1 and 5) disposed end to end 4and rigidly held in their assembled relationship as usual by four tie rods 4 occupying registering apertures formed through the cylinder sections. Each tie rod 4 is provided at its lower end with an elongate head `5 and these four heads provide a cage for the usual anvil block 6. Theupper ends of the tie rods 4 are threaded to receive nuts I by which' Vthe cylinder sections are clamped together.

Fixed to one side of the intermediate cylinder section 2 is the usual valve 8 whose inlet is connected as usual by a conduit 9 including a flexible hose (not shown) with a source of steam under pressure. In this conduit 9 is provided a throttle valve I0 (Fig. '7) that is manually operated to control the supply of steam to valve 8 thereby to start, stop and regulate the action of the ram (not shown), of the hammer, said ram being mounted within the main cylinder sections I, A 2 and 3 and cooperating as usual, with the anvil block 6 through which the force of its blows is transmitted to the pile that is indicated by broken lines at P in Fig.,5.

An eye II provided upon the top cylinder sec- 4 Claims. (C1. (i1-76) tion I serves as an anchorage for one end of the cable of a crane by which the hammer is raised, lowered and moved about.

The above described construction is old and well known. Pile-driving hammers of that type which is devoid of means for axially alining the ram With the vertical medial plane of the pile while the ram is operating are characterized by the objection that the blows of the hammer would often be delivered obliquely against the top of the pile, with the result that the full force of the hammer was not utilized and the glancing blows imposed upon the pile not only resulted in serious damage and disfiguration to the top of the pile but would also be accompanied by dislocation and injury to certain woodwork that is commonly erected alongside of the position occupied by the pile.

My Vinvention obviates these objectionable features and it contemplates the provision of a pair of opposed pile-gripping and hammer-alining members I2, I2 (Figs. 1, 5 and 6) each of which is pivotally supported between the heads 5 of a pair of tie rods 4 by means of Ia pintle I3 whose axis is disposed at right angles to the axis of the hammer so that said members are adjustable toward and from the pile that is indicated by broken lines at P in Fig. 5.

The inner pile-engaging faces of the pile-gripping members I2 are made straight and disposed so that when said two members are forcibly adjusted into positions against the opposite faces of pile P, as indicated by broken lines in Fig. 5, the hammer is forced into a position where the axis of the ram is in alinement and parallel with the pile. I

Each pile-gripping member I2 is an angular lever that is pivotally supported intermediate its ends by its pintle I3 thereby providing the same with an upwardly extending outwardly inclined arrn I4 formed upon its opposite sides with longitudinal grooves I5 (Figs. 4 and 5).

Each arm I4 is embraced by a yoke member I6 that is provided interiorly with a pair of studs I'I which project into the grooves I5 of the arm to cooperate with the inner sides of the flanges I8 thereof which border the grooves I5, the opposite sides of said iiangesbeing straight and relatively parallel as shown in Fig. 5. Each yoke member I 6 is also provided interiorly with an anti-friction roller I9 to cooperate with the proximate side of its arm I4 as shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5.

Each yoke member I6 is slidably associated with a vertical guidebar 26 fastened by screws 2I (Fig. 3) to the lower cylinder section 3 so that it is a fixed part thereof.

proximate side of cylinder section 3, said cylinder 24 being brazed or welded to a pair of angles 25 which in turn are secured by screws to the cylinder sectioni3.

Communicating with the upperiend of the interior of each cylinder 21, is a port 26 (Fig. 3) and these ports of the two cylinders are connected by pipe sections 2l and 28 and two elbows, one of the latter being a three-way elbow that is also connected by a pipe section z'withconduit 9.

While throttle valve Il! (Fig. 7) is 'closed each piston head 23 is held at the limit of its upward movement by a coiled spring 30 (Fig. 3) disposed within the cylinderof; saidpiston, the lower end Aofsaid spring being seated upona shoulder provided at the lower end of the cylinder. Whenthe throttle valve Iis opened to start the operation .of the ramsomeof thesteam .under pressure .moving through conduit 9 toward valve.' 8 is diverted through pipesections 29, 28 and 21 to the upper ends or cylindersll Whose pistons and 'yokes are immediatelyxthrust downwardly thereby causing said yokesto swing arms I4 (Fig.

. 5) aparton pintles4 i3 and forcing the .two pilegripping members intov positions against the opposite laces of the. pile P thus bringing the axis .of the ram of the hammer into edgewise alinement with thev pile P where it is rigidly held'during the operation of the ram. kWhen the throttle ill (Fig. 7) -is closed to stopthe operation of the hammer the springs 38 within cylinders* 20re- .turn their pistons and yokes .to their uppermost positionsagain thereby shifting the arms Illl (Fig.

5) ,toward each other, and swinging gripping '..members i2 apartv to free the .hammer'from the pileP. VDuring the upstrokes of the pistons `3 the upper ends, of their cylinders are vented through a constricted portof valve4 8 which latter is constructed as usual.

In'FigfS of the drawings the pipe sections- 21 and 28 are connected by a conduit 3 Ijdirectlywith the source of steam under pressure and ingthis conduitis arranged a supplemental throttle Valve ma for controllingthe pistons 23 and this throttle. llajcan4 be .opened before the main throttle l() .is opened thereby to close members l2 (Fig) against the pile before the ram is started.

The lconstruction illustrated in Fig. 'l is also operable to close the gripping members l2 against the pile P before the ram is started which fact is probably duetoA the greatweight and inertia of the'lattenwhile the construction illustratedA in nEig. 8` provides for independent control of the ram and pistons.

While I haveherein shown the gripping members I2 asparticularly constructed'for-application tosheet steelpiles, itwill be understood that the said members may beformed to handle Ywooden and other typesof piles.

'What I claim is: l. In a pile driving Yhammer of the character "described, the combination with the cylinder and anvil thereof, of a pair ofpile-gripping andham- Vmer-aligning membersfsupported byl said cylin- `edera adjacentJ to said' anvil for pivotal movement on axes that are perpendicular to theaxis of said cylinder and disposed at opposite sides of said cylinder axis; fluid-operatedmechanismen said cylinder for swinging said members on said axes into and out of clutching engagement with the opposite sides of the pile that is to'be driven; a conduit connecting-said fluid-operated mechanism with a source of fluid under pressure,V and a manually controlled throttle valve in said conduit, said members serving while held in engagement with the pile by said mechanism to hold said anvil inv-position. upon .the top ofthe same with the axis of Ithe cylinder parallel and in alignment with the pile.

2. In a pile driving hammer, the combination of claim l wherein said fluid-operated mechanism comprises a pair of supplemental cylinders disposed'at opposite sides of said main cylinder and acts toswingits member Von itspivotal support into and out of engagementwith the pile, and

spring means yieldingly maintaining eachpiston normally. at the limitl of its movement toward said 'inlet port with its pile-grippingmember occupying a position at, the limit oi. its movement away from the othergripping member.

3. In apile driving hammer, the combination of claim 1 wherein said fluid-operated mechanism comprises a pair of supplemental cylinders disposed one at each side of said main cylinder and each provided withan inlet port at one end thereof that is connected with said conduit; two pistons each one of which is mounted within one of said cylinders; two yokes slidably Amounted upon said main cylinder atoppositesides'thereof each one of which is connected with one of said members and also rigidly connected with one of said pistons so that it moves with'the latter there- 'by to swing its member into and out ofiengagement. with .the pile, and spring means yieldingly maintaining each yoke andA its piston normally at the limit of their movement in one direction where. they hold their gripping member at the limit of its movement away from-the other grip- Drlemember.

4. In a pile driving hammer of the character described, the combination with the main cylinder, its anvil, and itsvalve for controlling'the-admission of iiuid under pressure tosaid main cylinder, of a pair of'pile-gripping and hammeraligning members supported-by said-main cylinder adjacent to said anvil for. pivotal -movement on axes that are perpendicular to'the axis of said cylinder and disposed at opposite sides of said 'axis; fluid-operated mechanism on said cylinder -for swinging said'gripping members on said axes into-and out of clutchingfengagement with the opposite sides of the pilethat is to bey driven; a

source of fluid under pressure; a conduit connecting said'valve with-said source; a throttle v alve in said conduit; a conduit-connecting said huid-operated mechanism with said source independently of said first-mentioned conduit, and a `throttle valve in-saidlast-mentioned conduit, said j'gripping members serving while in engagement with'thepile to hold said anvil iny position--upon the' top of said'pilewith the-axis of 'said main cylinder parallel and in alignment with the pile.

JESSE G. JOHNS.

'REFERENCES CITED 'Ihe following references are of record in the le of this patent:

'UNITED STATES PATENTS Number

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