US2553429A - Semidrying oils - Google Patents
Semidrying oils Download PDFInfo
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- US2553429A US2553429A US2553429DA US2553429A US 2553429 A US2553429 A US 2553429A US 2553429D A US2553429D A US 2553429DA US 2553429 A US2553429 A US 2553429A
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- oil
- oils
- drying
- nickel
- sulphur
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 146
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052803 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 140
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 28
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L Nickel(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L Nickel(II) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005698 Diels-Alder reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001293 FEMA 3089 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000005158 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005039 chemical industry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003467 diminishing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036545 exercise Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000004426 flaxseed Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052953 millerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002816 nickel compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001187 sodium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000002522 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09F—NATURAL RESINS; FRENCH POLISH; DRYING-OILS; DRIERS (SICCATIVES); TURPENTINE
- C09F7/00—Chemical modification of drying oils
- C09F7/08—Chemical modification of drying oils by isomerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09F—NATURAL RESINS; FRENCH POLISH; DRYING-OILS; DRIERS (SICCATIVES); TURPENTINE
- C09F5/00—Obtaining drying-oils
- C09F5/06—Obtaining drying-oils by dehydration of hydroxylated fatty acids or oils
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method for improving drying and semi-drying oils.
- drying and semidrying oils are heated with a catalyst until the regrouping of the double linkages of the oil to conjugated double linkages reaches a maximum, and the polymerization (thickening) a minimum.
- the viscosity of the improved oil scarcely differs from that of the original oil.
- the oil is converted into more or less thick liquid products owing to heating, air blasts,.chemical influences or any combination of these processes, whereat the degree of the improving generally increased with the viscosity of the improved oils at least in respect to swelling ability in water, resistance to weather, glass hardness and other properties.
- the oil e. g. (linseed oil) it must be thickened to a viscosity of about 100-200 poise.
- Such products when used for painting, need a greater thinning with solvents, such as turpentine oil, test petrol or the like. Apart from this waste of solvents, thinning has the disadvantage of diminishing the covering power and the thickness of the film of the coating, often to an undesirable extent.
- solvents such as turpentine oil, test petrol or the like.
- oils heretofore produced have only a comparatively few polymerized components, such oils did not achieve any conjugated double bonds as evidenced by the specific refraction and diene number thereof.
- oils belong to a different class of refined oils from the oils produced according to the present invention, in which latter oils the conjugation of the isolated double bonds is attained to a great extent while polymerization is either largely delayed or excluded.
- the method according to the invention is carried out, however, with the aid of metal catalysers containing sulphur, at normal pressure and at temperatures which lie below the usual boiling temperatures for boiled oil, which latter are generally higher than 270 C.
- the temperatures used in this case can vary according to the kind and composition of the oils and can in many cases be about 170-200 C., preferably about 180 C.
- the sulphur contents of the metal catalysers containing sulphur can fluctuate in wide limits.
- a comparatively small sulphur content results in a perceptible action, which however, at too small quantities of sulphur, is not technically satisfactory, whereas catalysers free from sulphur are without efiect in this respect. It is preferred to work with sulphur contents of about 1-5% of the catalyser material.
- the catalysers can be used with or without known carriers such as kieselguhr or active carbon.
- oils treated in the presence of these catalysts show at a low viscosity and, with the addition of only small amounts of dryers, an increased drying power as well as a greatly increased bodying rate if they are subjected to further heating, when bodied oils are desired for particular purposes. In such,case, a previous separation of the catalyst is preferable but is not essential.
- the films obtained with such oils are superior to the high class boiled oilfilms in respect to the ability to swell in water and are similar to wood oil films.
- the similarity of the oils with wood oil, to which they are related by their high cone tent of conjugated double linkages, can also be seen by the fact that the ice-flower formation known in the case of wood oil also occurs under certain circumstances at drying.
- Nickel containing sulphur or cobalt containing sulphur can be used for example for catalysers containing sulphur.
- a catalyser suitable for the method can, for example, be made somewhat a follows:
- Nickel carbonate is precipitated from an aqueous solution of nickel sulphate with a sodium carbonate solution at about 80 C. and in the presence of kieselguhr.
- the proportion of nickel to kieselguhr may be about 2:1.
- the precipitated nickel carbonate is separated, boiled several times with distilled water and again separated, until the washing water is practically free from sulphate.
- the cake of nickel so obtained is boiled for about 3 hours with a 2% soda solution, the proportion preferably being NaCOazNi about 1:5, and then washed free from alkali.
- the nickel carbonate thus obtained is boiled with a 5% solution of a fresh quantity of nickel sulphate, the proportion of the nickel content of the above mentioned nickel carbonate to the nickel content of the newly added nickel sulphate being about :1.
- the nickel compound is separated but not washed.
- the cake obtained is dried, finely ground and reduced in a hydrogen stream at about 500 C. There is then a reduction of the nickel sulphate to nickel and a reduction of the last added nickel sulphate to nickel sulphide NiS. After cooling, the hydrogen is displaced by oxygen-free C02.
- the catalyst is pyrophoric and therefore, as usual, kept in oil and the entrance of air is carefully avoided; preferably the used protecting'oil is of the same kind, as that for improvement of which the catalyst is designed.
- drying or semi-drying oils treated according to the present invention can be subsequently subjected to further heating to boiled oils in the filtered or unfiltered state.
- the heating is preferably done by running through an inert gas especially carbon dioxide.
- Example 1 kilograms of refined linseed oil were mixed at 180 C., with 7 kilograms of a catalyser consisting of 60% nickel, 3% sulphur bound to nickel and 37% kieselguhr, carbon dioxide being conducted through it. After half an hour, the specific refraction was raised from 0.3068 to 0.3114, and in one hour to 0.3122. It then began to decrease again, and at the same time the viscosity increased more rapidly. Therefore it was cooled and filtered. The end product had the specific refraction of 0.3118 and the diene number 26. The viscosity was only 1.2 poise, i. e. about twice that of linseed oil.
- Example 2 100 kilograms of refined linseed oil were treated as before at 200 C. with a carrier-less cobalt catalyst with a sulphur content of 5%. The maximum of the specific refraction was reached after 2 hours with 0.3110. Theappelumber was 23 and the viscosity 2.5 poise.
- Example 3 100 kilograms of refined s'oya bean oil were treated with 6 kilograms of the catalyst used in Example 1 at 200 C. as there. The specific refraction had increased rapidly from 0.3054 to 0.3072. After one and a half hour treatment was stopped. The viscosity was then 0.8 poise.
- Example 4 The same material as in Example 1 was heated to 285 C. After 5 hours a viscosity of poise/20 was reached. The catalyst was separated by filtering the oil which had a temperature of C.
- the method of modifying drying and semidrying oils which comprises heating the oil in the presence of a catalyst containing a small amount of sulphur combined chemically with a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel and cobalt at temperatures below that usual for polymerization until the shifting of the isolated double bonds of the oil to conjugated unsaturation reaches a maximum while the polymerization remains minimal.
- the method of improving drying and semidrying oils comprising the steps of mixing the oil with a nickel catalyst having sulphur combined chemically therewith, heating the mixture to a temperature below the boiling temperature of the oil, passing an inert gas through the mixture of oil and catalyst to protect the oil and catalyst from oxidation by air, and finally removing the catalyst from the oil by filtering,
- the method of improving drying and semidrying oils comprising the steps of mixing the oil with anickel catalyst containing sulphur combined chemically therewith, heating the mixture to a temperature below the boiling temperature of the oil, removing the catalyst from the oil by filtration, and heating the filtered oil to a tern" perature of 280-290 C.
Description
Patented May 15, 1951 METHOD FOR IMPROVING DRYING AND SEMIDRYING OILS Frantisek Stejskal, near Litomerice, Czechoslovakia,
assignor to Sana,
Naro dni Podnik,
Prague, Czechoslovakia, a company of Czechoslovakia No Drawing. Application May 22, 1947, Serial No. 749,881. In Germany July 22, 1942 Section 1, Public Law '690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires July 22, 1962 11 Claims. 1
This invention relates to a method for improving drying and semi-drying oils.
Nearly all methods hitherto used for improving drying and semi-drying painting oils aim at the producing of so-called boiled oils. It is known that in this case the isolated double linkages of the linseed oil and linseed oleoacid regroup to the conjugated position owing to heating. These conjugations in the usual preparation of boiled oils are destroyed continuously and to an increasing degree by polymerization according to the principle of the Diels-Alder Dien synthesis.
According to the invention, drying and semidrying oils are heated with a catalyst until the regrouping of the double linkages of the oil to conjugated double linkages reaches a maximum, and the polymerization (thickening) a minimum. The viscosity of the improved oil scarcely differs from that of the original oil.
In almost all previous methods however the oil is converted into more or less thick liquid products owing to heating, air blasts,.chemical influences or any combination of these processes, whereat the degree of the improving generally increased with the viscosity of the improved oils at least in respect to swelling ability in water, resistance to weather, glass hardness and other properties. In order to attain a far reaching improvement of the oil e. g. (linseed oil) it must be thickened to a viscosity of about 100-200 poise.
Such products, when used for painting, need a greater thinning with solvents, such as turpentine oil, test petrol or the like. Apart from this waste of solvents, thinning has the disadvantage of diminishing the covering power and the thickness of the film of the coating, often to an undesirable extent.
It has now been found that it is possible to convert in a simple and economical manner the drying and semi-drying oils into products which do not have the above mentioned disadvantages.
It is already known to manufacture a varnish for high-speed varnishing by heating linseed oil in a special apparatus to about 280 C. (up to the commencement of polymerization) and introducing a quantity of pre-heated air, whereat the temperature rises to 300 C. and an acceleration of the polymerization takes place. By cooling, a refined boiled oil, a considerably lower viscosity than the normal boiler oil, is obtained in about two hours.
Although drying and semi-drying oils heretofore produced have only a comparatively few polymerized components, such oils did not achieve any conjugated double bonds as evidenced by the specific refraction and diene number thereof. Thus, such oils belong to a different class of refined oils from the oils produced according to the present invention, in which latter oils the conjugation of the isolated double bonds is attained to a great extent while polymerization is either largely delayed or excluded.
In the Chemisch Weekblad 1941, at pages -152 there is described a treatment of unsaturated oils with liquid sulphurous acid at 'a temperature of -220 C. and at high pressure, e. g. greater than 30 atmospheres, a conjugation of the isolated double linkages without simultaneous considerable increase in polymerization taking place. In this case, products similar to those according to the present invention are made. The older method necessitates, however, unpleasant working with liquid sulphurous acid and the acquisition and use of special pressure apparatus.
The method according to the invention is carried out, however, with the aid of metal catalysers containing sulphur, at normal pressure and at temperatures which lie below the usual boiling temperatures for boiled oil, which latter are generally higher than 270 C. The temperatures used in this case can vary according to the kind and composition of the oils and can in many cases be about 170-200 C., preferably about 180 C.
The sulphur contents of the metal catalysers containing sulphur, preferably nickel catalysers, can fluctuate in wide limits. A comparatively small sulphur content results in a perceptible action, which however, at too small quantities of sulphur, is not technically satisfactory, whereas catalysers free from sulphur are without efiect in this respect. It is preferred to work with sulphur contents of about 1-5% of the catalyser material. C
In the Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, 1938, at pages 87-89 as described works on the polymerization of linseed oil in the presence of small quantities of sulphur or selenium. The sulphur in the given modification and at the described conditions works exactly opposite from that in the present invention, where the catalyseraccelerates only the first phase of the formation of boiled oil, viz, the conjugation of the isolated double linkage, whereas it exercises no influences on the following phase, which increases the viscosity. Thus, according to Table I of the article on oil treated for 90 minutes with 0.32% sulphur at a temperature of 290 C. possesses a density of d =0.9415 (increase, as compared with, the original oil of 0.0124 unit), a specific refraction unit) and an iodine number of 140.8 (apparent decrease of 43.2 units). The oil according to the application had in this case only a viscosity of 1.50 poise, that is it was scarcely more viscous.v
According to the invention, the catalysers can be used with or without known carriers such as kieselguhr or active carbon.
The oils treated in the presence of these catalysts show at a low viscosity and, with the addition of only small amounts of dryers, an increased drying power as well as a greatly increased bodying rate if they are subjected to further heating, when bodied oils are desired for particular purposes. In such,case, a previous separation of the catalyst is preferable but is not essential.
The films obtained with such oils are superior to the high class boiled oilfilms in respect to the ability to swell in water and are similar to wood oil films. The similarity of the oils with wood oil, to which they are related by their high cone tent of conjugated double linkages, can also be seen by the fact that the ice-flower formation known in the case of wood oil also occurs under certain circumstances at drying.
The oils improved according to the invention combine the following advantages:
1. Rapid drying power.
2. Increased polymerization ability.
3. Workability to high class films even without thinning medium.
4. High quality of the film.
5. Wood oil character as oil and film.
Nickel containing sulphur or cobalt containing sulphur can be used for example for catalysers containing sulphur.
A catalyser suitable for the method can, for example, be made somewhat a follows:
Nickel carbonate is precipitated from an aqueous solution of nickel sulphate with a sodium carbonate solution at about 80 C. and in the presence of kieselguhr. The proportion of nickel to kieselguhr may be about 2:1. The precipitated nickel carbonate is separated, boiled several times with distilled water and again separated, until the washing water is practically free from sulphate. The cake of nickel so obtained is boiled for about 3 hours with a 2% soda solution, the proportion preferably being NaCOazNi about 1:5, and then washed free from alkali.
The nickel carbonate thus obtained is boiled with a 5% solution of a fresh quantity of nickel sulphate, the proportion of the nickel content of the above mentioned nickel carbonate to the nickel content of the newly added nickel sulphate being about :1. The nickel compound is separated but not washed. The cake obtained is dried, finely ground and reduced in a hydrogen stream at about 500 C. There is then a reduction of the nickel sulphate to nickel and a reduction of the last added nickel sulphate to nickel sulphide NiS. After cooling, the hydrogen is displaced by oxygen-free C02. The catalyst is pyrophoric and therefore, as usual, kept in oil and the entrance of air is carefully avoided; preferably the used protecting'oil is of the same kind, as that for improvement of which the catalyst is designed.
The drying or semi-drying oils treated according to the present invention can be subsequently subjected to further heating to boiled oils in the filtered or unfiltered state. The heating is preferably done by running through an inert gas especially carbon dioxide.
Example 1 kilograms of refined linseed oil were mixed at 180 C., with 7 kilograms of a catalyser consisting of 60% nickel, 3% sulphur bound to nickel and 37% kieselguhr, carbon dioxide being conducted through it. After half an hour, the specific refraction was raised from 0.3068 to 0.3114, and in one hour to 0.3122. It then began to decrease again, and at the same time the viscosity increased more rapidly. Therefore it was cooled and filtered. The end product had the specific refraction of 0.3118 and the diene number 26. The viscosity was only 1.2 poise, i. e. about twice that of linseed oil.
Example 2 100 kilograms of refined linseed oil were treated as before at 200 C. with a carrier-less cobalt catalyst with a sulphur content of 5%. The maximum of the specific refraction was reached after 2 hours with 0.3110. The dienenumber was 23 and the viscosity 2.5 poise.
Example 3 100 kilograms of refined s'oya bean oil were treated with 6 kilograms of the catalyst used in Example 1 at 200 C. as there. The specific refraction had increased rapidly from 0.3054 to 0.3072. After one and a half hour treatment was stopped. The viscosity was then 0.8 poise.
Emample 4 Example 5 The same material as in Example 1 was heated to 285 C. After 5 hours a viscosity of poise/20 was reached. The catalyst was separated by filtering the oil which had a temperature of C.
I claim:
1. The method of modifying drying and semidrying oils which comprises heating the oil in the presence of a catalyst containing a small amount of sulphur combined chemically with a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel and cobalt at temperatures below that usual for polymerization until the shifting of the isolated double bonds of the oil to conjugated unsaturation reaches a maximum while the polymerization remains minimal.
2. The method of modifying drying and semidrying oils according to claim 1, wherein said temperatures are below the boiling. temperature of the oil being modified.
3. The method of modifying drying and semidrying oils according to claim.1,wherein the metal selected from said group isnickel.
4. The method of modifying drying and semidrying oils accordingto claim 3., wherein the oil is'heated to a temperature ofabout180C.
5. The method of modifying drying and semidrying oils according to claim 4, wherein said catalyst consists of 60% nickel, 3% sulphur and 37% kieselguhr.
6. The method of modifying drying and semidrying oils according to claim 1, wherein the metal selected from said group is nickel, and the oil is heated to a temperature of about 200 C.
7. The method of modifying drying and semi drying oils according to claim 1, wherein the metal Selected from said group is cobalt, and the oil is heated to a temperature of 200 C.
8. The method of modifying drying and semidrying oils according to claim 1, wherein said catalyst contains not more than 5% of sulphur.
9. The method of improving drying and semidrying oils comprising the steps of mixing the oil with a nickel catalyst having sulphur combined chemically therewith, heating the mixture to a temperature below the boiling temperature of the oil, passing an inert gas through the mixture of oil and catalyst to protect the oil and catalyst from oxidation by air, and finally removing the catalyst from the oil by filtering,
10. The method of improving drying and semidrying oils comprising the steps of mixing the oil with anickel catalyst containing sulphur combined chemically therewith, heating the mixture to a temperature below the boiling temperature of the oil, removing the catalyst from the oil by filtration, and heating the filtered oil to a tern" perature of 280-290 C. I
11. The method of improving drying and semi drying oils according to claim 10, wherein the mixture was heated to a temperature of about 180 C.
, FRANTISEK STEJSKAL.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,374,589 Levey Apr. 12, 1921 2,242,230 Burr May 20, 1941 2,405,440 Marsh Aug. 6, 1946
Claims (1)
1. THE METHOD OF MODIFYING DRYING AND SEMIDRYING OILS WHICH COMPRISES HEATING THE OIL IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST CONTAINING A SMALL AMOUNT OF SULPHUR COMBINED CHEMICALLY WITH A METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF NICKEL AND COBALT AT TEMPERATURES BELOW THAT USUAL FOR POLYMERIZATION UNTIL THE SHIFTING OF THE ISOLATED DOUBLE BONDS OF THE OIL TO CONJUGATED UNSATURATION REACHES A MAXIMUM WHILE THE POLYMERIZATION REMAINS MINIMAL.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US2553429A true US2553429A (en) | 1951-05-15 |
Family
ID=3437940
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US2553429D Expired - Lifetime US2553429A (en) | Semidrying oils |
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US (1) | US2553429A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2692886A (en) * | 1949-08-31 | 1954-10-26 | Lever Brothers Ltd | Process for improving unsaturated fatty acids or derivatives thereof |
US2746979A (en) * | 1951-06-14 | 1956-05-22 | Lever Brothers Ltd | Process for isomerizing unsaturated fatty acids or derivatives thereof |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1374589A (en) * | 1916-09-19 | 1921-04-12 | Harold A Levey | Process of treating fatty acids and glycerids thereof |
US2242230A (en) * | 1941-05-20 | Process of producing conjugation in | ||
US2405440A (en) * | 1944-10-23 | 1946-08-06 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Isomerization of olefins |
-
0
- US US2553429D patent/US2553429A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2242230A (en) * | 1941-05-20 | Process of producing conjugation in | ||
US1374589A (en) * | 1916-09-19 | 1921-04-12 | Harold A Levey | Process of treating fatty acids and glycerids thereof |
US2405440A (en) * | 1944-10-23 | 1946-08-06 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Isomerization of olefins |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2692886A (en) * | 1949-08-31 | 1954-10-26 | Lever Brothers Ltd | Process for improving unsaturated fatty acids or derivatives thereof |
US2746979A (en) * | 1951-06-14 | 1956-05-22 | Lever Brothers Ltd | Process for isomerizing unsaturated fatty acids or derivatives thereof |
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