US255300A - Automatic hydraulic press - Google Patents

Description

. A i 7,-9 Sheets-I-Se'et 1. G.'A. .LAWRENCE '8v J. FROST.

(No Model.)

AUTOMATIC HYDRAULG PRESS.

Patented Mar. 21,1882.

No.V 255.300.

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AUTOMTIG HYDRAULIC PRESS.

No. 255,300. Patented Ma.1.21,18 82.

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AUTOMATIG HYDRAULIG PRESS.

No. 255,300. A Y PatentedMar. 21,1882.

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.IIIII/ (N0 Model.) 9 Sheets-Sheet 7.

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AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIC PRESS. 255,300. Patented Mar. 21.1882.

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(No Model.) A '1 .Gn A. LAWRENCE 8u E. J. FROST.l

AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIC PRESS. No. 255,300. Patented Mar. 21,1882.

M NESSES I v l'vwenmfsj I 7 Harney (No Model.) 9 sheetssneer 9. G. A. LAWRENCE & E. J. FROST.-

AUTOMATIG HYDRAULIC PRESS.

Patented Mar. 21', 18 8 2.

@Y /M 7a4' Atm/my UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE AQLAWRENOE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND EDWARD J. FROST, OF

' PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

AUTMATIC HYDRAULIC PRESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 255,300, dated March 21, 1882,

l Application tiled October l5, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: opposite point of view, and Fig. 13 is a top Beit know11thatwe,GEORGE A.LAWRENCE,/ view ot' the same. Fig. 14 is a detached perresiding at New York, in the county ot' New spective view ot' the latch for holding the plat- York and State of New York, and EDWARD J. form in position. 55 5 FROST, residing at Philadelphia, in the county The letter A indicates a heavy' metallic base, of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, citiupon which stand pillars A', supporting at zens ot' the United States, have invented cerproper height a massive metallic head-piece, tain new and useful Improvements in Auto- B, directly above the base. This head-pieceB matic HydrauliPresses; and we do declare is recessed i'rom its under side to form a part 6o 1o the following to be a full, clear, and exact deot' the cylinderin which plays theplungerG C', scription ofthe invention, such as will enable the cylinder being completed by a casing, D, others skilled in the art to which it appertains lirmly secured to the under side of the headto make and use the same, reference being had piece, and having a bore coincident with the to the accompanying drawings, and to the letrecess in saidl headpiece. The upper portion 65 I5 ters and figures ot' reference marked thereon, of the plunger lits snugly in the cylinder; but

which form a part of this specification... its lower portion, C', is of considerably less di- The object of this invent-ion is to provide a ameter, so as to form a shoulder, c, and this re' continuously-operating apparatus .involving duced portion ot' the plunger plays through an the principle of the hydraulic press, and aropening in the lower end of the casing D and 7o 2o ranged to act upon any suitable material, propoperates upon the ore to be crushed.

er quantities ot' which are successively and au- The letter E denotes a pipe, which connects tomatically presented to the ram or plunger, with a valve chamber, E', arranged on the top and after its action removed simultaneously ot' the head-piece B, and from this chambera with thepresentation of another quantity. We passage, e, leads into the upper end ofthe cyl- 75 25 have in view especially' the adaptation of any inder above the plunger. From the pipe E a apparatus of this kind to the purpose of crushbranch pipe, F, leads to a valve-chamber, F', ing ores; but it may also, with suitablg modi- (see Fig. 4,) opening into the casing D below tications, be applied to other purposes. the shouldercof the plunger. The valve-cham- In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is bers E'and F'areprovided withsuitablevalves, 8o 3o an elevation of an apparatus constructed acby which the tiowot' watertherethrough is concording to our invention. Fig. 2 is another cletrolled, as will be hereinafter more particularly vation, viewed at right angles to Fig. l, the described. top portionsoftheaccumulawr-cylindersbeing The pipe E may be connected at its outer removed. Fig. 3 showsthe top portions ofthe end to any suitable hydraulic pump, by which 85 5 accumulator-cylinders and connecting-pipe. water may be forced through it, and said pipe Fig. 4 is au elevation viewed t'rom a point diis also connected by means ot branchesf(see rectly opposite the point of view in Fig. 1. Fig. Fig. 2) with the vertical accumulating-cylin- 5 is a top view of the apparatus. Fig. 6 is asecders G and G', arranged alongside the appaf tion on line rv .c of Fig. l, and shows also a top ratus. 9o 4o view of the devices for rotating the platform. H, Figs. 2 and 4, is a valve chamber pro- Fig. 7 shows avertical diametric section ofthe vided with a suitable controlling-valve, and revolving mortar, its impelling-lever and pawl connected by a suitable passage leading being shown in full lines. Fig. 8 is a vertical through the head-piece with the upper end ot' diametrie section of the plunger and eylin-de'r, the cylinder above the plunger. rFhis valve- 95 45 a portion ofthe surrounding head-piece being chamber is also connected by a pipe, H', with broken away. Fig.l 9 is a rear view of the atank, l, and said pipe H' is connected by a mechanism for communicating partial rotabranch pipe, h, with a valve-chamber, K, attions to the mortar. Fig. lOs a side elevation tached to the casing D, and communicating of said mechanism. Fig. 11 is an elevation of therewith below the shoulder c of the plunger. too 5o the modifica-tion ofthe hydraulic press. Fig. The letter L indicates a safety-Valve, ar-

12 is an elevation of the same from a directlyranged in the ordinary manner to relieve the casing D of over-pressure, and connected with an eduction-pipe, Z, which may lead oft' to any suitable point of discharge, preferably to the tank I, as shown.

Between one side of the upper siii-face of the baseA and the under side of the head-pieceB is secured a vertical cylindrical post, M. Gentrally upon the lower portion of this post M is pivoted a horizontal circular revolving plat- 'orm,N, about lialfof which lies directly above the base A, while the other portion extends outwardly beyond said base, as clearly shown in- Fig. 2.

Around and above the central opening of the platform is preferably formed a sleeve, n2, which embraces the post. An annular downward projection, n, surrounds the post and plays upon a circular bearing, n.4, at the foot thereof. This platform N is provided with two concentric annular walls, n and u', the former of whicii extends upwardly from its outer edge, while the latter is arranged inwardly at a distance from the wall a about equal to the diameter ofthe lower portion, C', of the plunger, the two walls and the portion of the platform between them forming an annular mortar or ore-holder, into which the plunger plays.

Upon the top ofthe base A, on the opposite side tliereoffroiii the post M, is arranged a stout standard, O, at the top ot' which is pivoted a pendent lever, P, having a slot, p, iiearits npper end. At about or a little above the middle ofthe standardO a short shaft, Q, is `journaled in a horizontal bearing formed in said standard. Upon the end ot' said short shaft, next to the lower portion, C', of the plunger, is fixed a radial arm, q, and at about a right angle to this arm and upon the opposite end of the shat't is fixed a similar arm, q. The arm 1 has a slot, q2, formed near its outer end, and through this slot a pin, q, projects from the lower portion, C', ofthe plunger, said pin being at a distance from the lower end of the plunger a little greater than the depth ofthe mortar. From a point near the outer end of the arm q a pin, Q4, projects into the slotp in thelever P.

To the lower end of the lcverPa pitmaii, R, has one end connected by means ot' a ball-joint, and the other end of said pitinaii is connected by a similarjoint to the outer cnd of an arm, S, which lies under the platform N, and has its iiiiiei end pvoted to the circular bearing n4. The outerend of the arm S has an upward projeetion, s, to which is fixed a short arm, S',

which extends inwardly above said arm, and its tip enters a groove formed in the periphery of the platform.

Between the arm S and the short arm S is pivotcd a friction orjam pawl, T, the foot of which is forced against the periphery of the platform by a spring, t, when the arm S is moved toward the standard, but slides freely on the same when it moves in the opposite direction.

It will now be readily understood that when theplungerrises the arm q will be raisedand the arm g thrown backward, swinging the lever l? in the saine direction, and said lever will draw the pitinan R and arm S in the direction indica-ted by the arrow No. 1. By this movenient of the arm S the pawlT is jammed against the periphery of the platform and causes said platform to tnrii and bring a fresh portion nnder the plunger. When the plunger descends the reverse movement of the parts described takes place, and the pawl slips freely, leaving the platform in the position to which it had moved it.

Under that portion of the platform N which is under the plunger there is a raised portion, A2, of the base A, upon which the platform slides, this raised portion serving to support the platform as the plunger descends and crushes the ore. A horizontal shaft, T7, has its bearings in suitable standards on top ofthe head-piece B. This shaft carries four cams, T 'I2 T3 T4. The first cam, T', has resting upon its periphery a pin projecting from a level', U, pivoted at u to a short shaft having a crankarm, u', connected with and arranged to oper ate tie valve-stem e', which is connected to a valve in the chamber E. The cam T2 has resting upon its periphery a pin projecting from a lever, V, pivoted a-t c2 to a stud, e', and having a bent arm, t', connected to and arranged to operate the valve-stein It', connected with a valve in the valve-chamber H. The cam T3 is arranged in a-siinilaiinaniier to control, through a lever, Vf, link V2, and bell-crank rlever-V, the valve in valve-chamber K; and the cani T4, through similar connections, controls the valve in valve-chamber F. All of these valve-operating connections niay of course be variously modified, it being only essential that they bc arranged iii connection with the cams to operate the valves, as hereinafter explained.

The power is applied to thc bclt-wlieel 'l"7 on shaft Il by means of a belt leading from any suitable motor, and the operation ot' the apparatus is as follows: First of all, by means of a hydraulic pump connected to the pipe E, water is drawn from the tank I and forced into the accumulatorsG and G through the branch pipesf, and this water, rising in the accumulators, compresses the'air in the upper part thereof uniil ithas reached thedesired tension, a safety-valve, L, allowing the water to tlow back to the tank without increasing the pressure, and also allowing the puni'p to work constantly. We will now suppose the plunger C to be in its elevated position, and that the annularmortar crore-hopper has previously been filled with ore. Power being applied to the belt-wheel T5, and motion being communicated to shaft T7, the cams T2 and T3 operate through their connections, as heretofore described, to open the valves in valve-chambers K and H, so that/the water in the casing l) escapes through the branch pipe hI to the pipe H and tank l, and at the sanietime,owing to the suction occasioned by the descending plunger IlO IIS

through the valve-chamber H, water ascends from the tank I through the ppe H' and fills the upper part ot' the cylinder. When the lower part of the plunger has entered the mortar which is under it the cam T2 closes this valve in chamber H, and the cam T' acts upon the lever U to open the valve in the valvecharnber E', and the pressure of air in the upper portion of the accumulators then forces the water therein through the branch pipes f, pipe E, and passage e into the cylinder above the plunger, forcing said plunger downward with sufficient force. to crush the ore in the mortar beneath. The downward stroke of the plunger being completed, the cam T' acts to close the valve in chamber-E', and the cam T2opens the valve in chamber H, and simultaneously the valve in chamber K is also closed and the valve in chamber F' opened by the action of the cams and connections controlling said valves, as heretofore described. The pressure ofthe air on the water in the accumulatcrs now, instead of being exerted through the passage e, is exerted through the branch pipe F, and the water is forcedinto the casing D uuder the shoulder c of the plunger, and the water above said plunger` escapes through the valve-chamber H and pipe H' to the tank I, so that theplunger isforced upward after having accomplished its Work of crushing the ore in that portion of the mortar which was in po sition to receive it. As soon as the plunger rises sufficiently the arm q begins to rise also, the arm q acts upon the lever P, and said arm operates the pitman R, arm S, and pawl T to drag the platform through a partial rotation to present fresh ore under the plunger. When said platform has performed a partial revolution and brought a fresh portion of ore under the plunger the operations before described again take place for causing the descent of the plunger and crushingthe ore. The entire operation of the apparatus, it will be seen, is automatic, the only personal attendance required being to till the mortar with fresh ore and remove that which has been crushed.

It will be necessary to operate the hydraulic pump connected with the pipe E constantly to re-enforce the tension ofthe air in the accumulators.

ln the modifications shown in Figs. 11,12, and 13 a number of separate mortars Vfor holding the ore are used upon the platform, and a. different mechanism from that previously described is used for shifting the platform in order to bring the mortars successively in proper position under the plungers. In one side of the upper surface of the base A is stepped a vertical shaft, M', having an upper bearing, m', on the under side of the head-piece B. Centrally upon the lower portion of this shaft is firmly secured a circular platform, N', somewhat more than half of which lies directly above the base A and rotates in sliding contact therewith, while the other portion extends outwardly beyond the base, as shown in the top view, Fig. 13. This platform is provided with three seats, r, arranged at equal distances apart about its center, and formed to receive three strong receptacles or mortars, N3, of a proper size to receive the lower end of the plunger, and which may be brought in proper position successively to receive said plunger by the rotation of the platform. Near its upper end the shaft 1M-carries a bevel-gear wheel, M2, which meshes with a bevel-pinion, y, 011 the end of a horizontal shaft, Y, mounted in suitable bearings, y' and q2, the former of which projects from the casing D and the latter depends from the head-piece. The outer end of the shaft Y carries a belt-wheel, Y', to the inner side of which is concentrically secured beltpulley Y2. This belt wheel and pulley will run loose upon the shaft Y, except when brought into engagement therewith by means of a clutch, Z, operated by a lever, w', secured to a shaft, rc2, arranged obliquely Linder the headpiece andjournaled in a hanger, x3, and in a lng depending from the bearing of the shaft Y. From this shaft x2 projects an arm, x4, .the outer end of which is connected by a link, Q2, with'a. bell-crank lever, Q3, pivoted between suitable lugs projecting upward from the base A. The downwardly-projecting arm g5 of this bell crank lever (shown in dotted lines, Fig. 12) is connected with a latch-bar, R2, playing in a suitable guide ou the base A, and maybe forced inwardly by means of a spring. The inner end of this latch-bar is arranged to enter suitable notches in the periphery of the platform N' and hold said platform steady while the plunger is desccndinginto one of the mortars.

To the end ofthe shaft x2 is secured an arm, 005, which is connected by a link, with the outer end of a lever, wi, which is pivoted to a stud on top of the head-pieccB, and has its inner end provided with a pin, w8, which lies across the edge of a cam, Tf", fixed upon the shaft T7. The belt S3, passing around the beltpulley Y2, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 12, passes also around the belt-wheel T5, the shaft of which carries the cams, as heretofore described, for operating the valves, and also the cam Ts. These cams are all of a similar shape to the cam T', (shown clearly in Fig. 2,)-that is, each comprises the greater portion of a disk having a curved indentation extending about half-way to its center. In this modification the motive power is applied to the belt-wheel Y' ICO IIO

IIS

IZO

by means of a belt from a suitable motor, and

ISO

purpose) acts upon its connections to turn the shaft .r2 in the. direction of the arrow, thereby moving the lever .r to clutch the belt-wheel Y', pnlleyY2, and shaft Y, and simultaneously the rising ofthe arm x4 operates through thelink Q2 and bell-crank lever Q3 to withdraw the latch-bar R2 from the notch in the periphery of the platform with which it was previously engaged. The shaft Y is now caused to rotate and to communicate motion through the bevelgears to the vertical shaft M and platform N. When said platform has performed one-third of a revolution and brought afresh mortar under the plunger (said mortar having been previously filled with ore to be crushed) the cam TG again operates through its intermediate eonnections to operate the clutch to disengage the belt-wheel and the pulley Y2 from the shaft Y, and allow thel latch R2 to enter a notch in the periphery of the platform. At this point the caws T2 and T3 operate through their connections, as heretofore described, and the action ofthe valves again commences forforcing down the plunger and afterward raising it.

Having nov: described our invention, and explained the operation thereof, we claim- 1. In a hydraulic press, the combination, with a suitably-arranged plunger and a platform having movement in a plane in the path oftheplungerand atar-ight angle thereto,ofau tomatically-operating valves t'or causing reciprocation ot' said plunger, and automatic devices for giving said platform an intermittent motion to bring fresh portions thereofsuccessively directly inline with said plunger, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the plunger of a hydraulic press, arranged substantially as described, of a` platform having movement in a plane in the path of the plunger and at right angles thereto, and automatic mechanism for shifting said platform to bring fresh portions thereof in line with said plunger, and leave the same temporarily at rest while the plunger is performing its outward stroke.

3. In a hydraulic press, the combination, with the plunger and cylinder and the valves and water-pressure apparatus, constructed and arrangedsubstantially as described,ofthe cams arranged to operate said valves, the platform provided with means for holding ore, and automatic mechanism for giving said platform an intermittent motion correlative with the. action of said cams to bring and retain fresh portions ofthe ore successively into position to receive the plunger, substantially as described.

4. The hydraulic press composed ofthe cylinder provided with the shouldered plunger, the pipes leading into said cylinder above and below the shoulder of the plunger and coiltrolled by suitable valves, the water-pressure apparatus connected with said pipes, the rotary platform carrying one or more mortars, the shaft T7, carrying the series of cams for operating said valves through intermediate mechanism, and suitable devicesconnected with the plunger for comm unicatingintermittent rotary motion to the platform, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the plunger and rotary platform, of the suitably connected and supported arms q and q', the lever I, pitman R, arm S', and pawl T, substantially as dcscribed.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE A. LAWRENCE. EDWARD J. FROST.

Witnesses:

ROBERT N. SIMPERS, J Anus WILSON.

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