US255189A - Brick kiln - Google Patents

Description

2 SheetsSheet 1.

C. D. PAGE. BR IOK KI'LN.

.(NO Model.)

Patented Mar. 21,1882.

(No Model.) 2 She.tsShe et 2' G. D. PAGE.

BRICK KILN.

No. 255,189. Patented Mar. 21,1882.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLARK D. PAGE, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONEHALF TO DE WITT G. ELLIS, OF SAME PLACE.

BRICK-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 255,189, dated March 21, 1882. Application filed August 12, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLARK D. PAGE, of Rochester, Monroe county, New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Brick-Kilns and I do hereby declare that 1 the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section of a kiln showing myimprovement. Figs. 2and 3 are cross sections respectively in lines a: m and y 3 Figs. 4 and 5 are a plan and end elevation of a portion of the endless apron at the discharge end' of the kiln. Figs. 6 and 7 are :5 similar views of the car and its connections for removing the burned bricks. L

- My improvementrelates to that class of kilns in which the green bricks are inserted in the top of the cupola and gradually fed downward, 2o beingsnbject to heat during the whole passage, and are finally discharged in a finished state and ready for use. As fast as the bricks areremoved at the bottom a new supply is added at the top, and the kiln is thus made perpetual in its action. In general construction the kiln is similar to that patented by me March 29, 1864.

The invention consists in the construction and arrangement hereinafter more fully de- 0 scribed and claimed.

In the drawings, A represents the stack, in which are located either two or four cupolas, B B, two only being shown in the drawings. These cupolas stand side by side, divided only by adivision-wall, O. The upper portions of the cupolas are vertical; but the lower portions are curved on a large'circle, forming chutes B B, through which the bricks are finally discharged at their lower ends. The tops of the 4.0 chutes, below the fires, are covered with metal, which is in sections, so as to be removable.

D D D D are the furnaces, of which four are used with each pair of cupolas. These furnaces are arranged as shown in the cross-sectional 4 5 view, Fig. 2, two furnaces being used on each of two opposite sides, and consisting each'ot the usual arch and ash-pit, with suitable gratings, a a. Two of these furnacesoneon each side-lie centrally and open opposite to each as indicated by the middle arrows in Fig. 2.

From this point the currents pass on each side through ports b b, between piers c c, and enter the two cupolas on the inner sides. The other two furnaces are situated one on one side and the other on the other side of the cross-center of the kiln, and have arches F F, which extend in some distance to cover the outer sides of the cupolas, and the hot currents from these arches pass through ports between piers c c and enter the cupolas on the outer side, counteracting those currents which enter from the central arch, E. By this means constant currents of hot air enter the cupolas in two opposite directions, which meet and rise through the cupolas, equalizing the heat and producing a much more efl'ective burning action on the brick than where the heat enters on one side only, as in ordinary kilns. This arrangement of the four furnaces-two on the central line opposite each other and the other two outside, with corresponding arches inclosing the cupolasis specially adapted to kilns having two cupolas, and not to a single cnpola.

G G are two removable doors at the top of the kiln and above thecupolas, for the purpose of inserting the green bricks in the kiln. When the kiln is in operation these doors are tightly closed, as shown in Fig. 1.

H is aflnepassage in the top of the divisionwall 0, extending above the doors, and forming, in fact, a short supplementary chimney, which lies between the two cupolas, and connects therewith at the bottom by series of ports or passagesff, by which means a draft 9:) from the cupolas is allowed through the tine when its top is uncovered.

I I are two side fines or passages opposite the, central line, H, but lying outside of the cupolas, and communicating therewith by side 5 ports or passages, g g. The tops of these side flucs come below the bottom of the doors G G.

In the topsof the'side lines are sliding dampers or valves h h, and in the top of the central flue is a similar damper or valve, i. These dampers can be made to open or close the tines by sliding them in or out.

The operation of this part of the invention is as follows: The green bricks being inserted in the cupolas, the valve 5 in the central flue is closed, and the two valves h h in the side flues are opened, as shown in Fig. 1. The draft is then excluded from the central flue; but a portion passes up on each side through the side lines, I, and comes out at the top, close to the inner side of the doors G G. By this means the space next to the doors, and which is offset from the cupola, obtains a quantity of the hot. air that effectually removes what is known as the water-smoke, the dampness arising from imperfect burning, and which in ordinary kilns is the cause of much difiiculty, owing to the chilling from the doors and the remoteness of the space from the direct draft. To renew the charge of bricks the valves h h are closed, and the valve '5 is opened, which cuts off the draft from the side dues and lets it on in the center flue. By this means the hot air is drawn away from the doors, and when the doors are opened the cold air rushes in and no difficulty is experienced from the heat.

At the bottom of each chute is a valve, k, which forms a cut-off, and outside of this is a projecting end, I, of the bottom of the chute,

- which enables the loose bricks to be picked off after the valve has been closed.

K is an endless apron or platform, which is located at the bottom of each chute and runs on two sprocket-wheels,j-j, as shown in Fig. 1. The apron consists of a series of cross-slats, in m, Figs. 4 and 5, havingon their under side flanges n n, pivoted to links 0 0, the whole forming an endless chain on each side, which runs on the sprocket-wheelandcarriestheslats. Thebricks descending the chute fail on the apron and are carried along by the same to the discharge end of the chute. The slats are so near together that they will not allow the bricks to pass through. The tops of the slats are provided with a series of longitudinal serrations or notches, 10, extending their whole length, and which point backward against the passage of the bricks, as shown in Fig. 5. The object of these serrations is to hold the bricks back and prevent their sliding forward, as they would do on a smooth surface. These serrations hold the bricks so that they only move with the movement of the apron. On the under side of the upper length of the apron is a. cam,p, having a shaft extending out through the side of the machine and operated by hand. The cam forms,in fact, a brake. The operator, by pressing it up,bears it against the weight of bricks on top of the apron, and thus controls the movement of the apron. It is necessary to do this onlyindrawing a charge of the bricks. At other times, and while the burning is progressing, the apron is locked by the cam so that it cannot move. The upper length of the apron also rests on rollers, which support it and obviate friction in a great degree. Beneath the apron is a pit or chamber, 7,f0l catching brickdust and fragments which fall from above, and which otherwise would clog the apron. This pit is reached by a suitable door.

II is a car, having trucks or wheels which rest on rails. The inner end of the car is open, and it runs under the projecting end I of the chute and outside of it,as shown in Fig.1. On the sides of the car are books or loops 8 s. M M are two arms pivoted to the sides of the chute, passing through the books a s, and provided at their outer ends with hook-heads t t, as shown in Fig. (3.

The operation is as follows: The car is run under the end of the chute, as shown in Fig. 1. The valve is is drawn, which allows the bricks to run, and they discharge themselves automatically into the car. As fast as the car fills it runs back under the pressure till the hook ends it t strike the hooks s s, which stops the car, the same being then loaded. The valve is then closed, the loose bricks having been picked off from the projecting end of the chute, the arms M M are raised, releasing the car, which is then run off, and a new car is inserted in its place. rapid work is done. As fast as the finished bricks are drawn out at the bottom green bricks are inserted at the top, the work being done by charges, and suiiicicnt time being allowed between the charges for the bricks to be burned.

'v is a thermometer which sits into the outer end of a flue, extending into the division-wall between the cupolas, and having branch fines which open into the cupolas, so that heat from the cupola may be conveyed to the thermometer, thereby showing the interior temperature at all times.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In abrick-kiln, the combination, with the two cupolas B B, of the four furnaces D D D D, arranged on opposite sides, two of said furnaces being located centrally opposite each other, communicating with an arch, E, which feeds the heated air to the inner sides of the cupolas, and two being located one side the center and communicating with arches F F, which feed the heated airto the outer sides of the cupolas, as herein shown and described.

2. In a. brick-kiln, the combination, with the two cupolas B B, of the flue H, arranged centrally between the two cupolas, and the two side flues, I I, arranged outside the cupolas, said flues having ports or passages f g g at the bottom, communicating with the cupolas, and provided with the valves h h i for controlling the draft through said fines, as herein shown and described.

3. In a brick-kiln, the apron K, composcd of cross-slats connected with endless chains at their ends, and provided with the longitudinal serrations or notches in w, as shown and described, and for the purpose specified.

I. The combination, with the endless apron In this manner very IIO provided with serrated cross-slats, of the cam i passage, of a car, L, open at its innerend and 11, resting under the upper length of the apron telescoping or passing under and outside the and serving as a brake, as herein shown and end of the chute when in position to receive described. the load, as herein shown and described.

5. In a brick-kiln, the combination of the In witness whereof I have hereunto signed car L, provided with the hooks s, and the pivmy name in the presence of two subscribing oted arms M M, having hook ends 15 t engagwitnesses. 7 ing with the hooks s, as herein shown and de- CLARK D. PAGE. scribed. Witnesses:

6. In abrick-kiln, the combination, with the R. F. OSGOOD,

chute B, provided with a valve, k, closing its GHAUNGEY PERRY.

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