US255124A - Apparatus for signaling by electricity - Google Patents

Apparatus for signaling by electricity Download PDF

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US255124A
US255124A US255124DA US255124A US 255124 A US255124 A US 255124A US 255124D A US255124D A US 255124DA US 255124 A US255124 A US 255124A
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armature
relay
local circuit
movement
magnet
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L15/00—Apparatus or local circuits for transmitting or receiving dot-and-dash codes, e.g. Morse code
    • H04L15/24—Apparatus or circuits at the receiving end
    • H04L15/26—Apparatus or circuits at the receiving end operating only on reception of predetermined code signals, e.g. distress signals, party-line call signals

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  • My invention relates to a method of signaling especially adapted to that class of telegraphy in which the recorded signals consist of difi'erent numbers of dots, or are produced by electric impulses of very short duration, and has for its object to enable the signals to be given with greater rapidity than by systems now practiced.
  • relays In telegraphing and signaling relays are commonly employed to open and close a local circuit, the currents of which actuate and control the registering mechanism by which a strip of paper is either embossed or receives colored marks by chemical action when permanent signals are desired.
  • the relay-armature lever closes the local circuit only when it is in one extreme position, either attracted or retracted, and consequently, in giving a series of signals, two movements of the relay-armature toward and from the poles of its magnet are required for each complete signal.
  • This invention consists partly in causing both the opening and closure of the main cir cuit to be registered, as hereinafter described, a complete signal being recorded at the movement of the relay-armature from the poles of the magnet, and also at its return movement toward the poles thereof.
  • the invention also consists in a relay which operates to close the local circuitin the movement of its armature toward and from the poles of its magnet, instead of at the termination of one of the said movements, as has commonly been done.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation of a relay adapted for the practice of this invention, it being properly constructed to close the local circuit in its movement in either direction;
  • Fig. 2 a detail showing a different device for controlling the local circuit, the relay-armature being in one of its extreme positions and the local circuit open;
  • Fi 3 a similar view, but with the relay in an intermediate position and the local circuit closed;
  • Fig. 4 a modification in which the local circuit is closed at the end of the movement of the armature;
  • Fig. 5 a breakwlieel adapted to be used in practicing this invention, and Figs. 6 and 7 strips as regisistered by the relay shown in Figs. 1 and 4 respectively.
  • the armature-lever a of the relay-magnet b forms one and the framework 0 the other electrode of the local circuit controlling the register or recording mechanism, which is well known and needs no illustration, such register consisting essentially of a train of wheel-work to move a strip of paper, an electro-magnet in the local circuit to set the said train in movement as soon as a signal be gins, it being adapted to stop itself after a definite interval without signals, and a stylus.
  • the front and back stops, cl 0, for the armature-lever a are both provided with insulating material, as shown, so that the said lever does not make electrical connection with either; but the frame-work c has connected therewith a contact-point, shown as Bennette spring, f, properly located to be touched by the end of the armature-lever as it passes from one to the other of the stops d 0, but to be disconnected from the said lever when resting against either of the said stops, as shown.
  • the local circuit is thus closed momentarily at each backward and forward movement of the armature-lever (t, and a series of dots may thus be registered or recorded, as will be readily understood by those familiar with the art, and various different signals may be produced by varying the intervals between the said dots.
  • This method is especially adapted to the sending of number-signals-such as used for fire-alarm and municipal purposeswhere a series of dots at uniform intervals represent a figure, a longer interval is employed to separate the diti'erent figures ot a complete number, and a still larger interval is used to separate the repetitions of the same number.
  • a signal composed entirely of dots, is shown in Figure 6, as it ap pears when registered upon the paper strip, two repetitions of the signal 314 being given, as indicated by the figures above the ditt'erent series of dots.
  • These signals are usuallytransmitted mechanically bya break-wheel, and one adapted for this system is shown in Fi 5,
  • the metallic disk or wheel forms one electrode of the circuit of the relay-magnet b, Fig. 1, and a contact-spring, g, resting on the periphery of the said wheel forms the other electrode.
  • the said wheel is notched or provided with insulating material in its periphery, as shown, so that as it rotates electrical contact is made and broken between it and the spring g, and the relay-magnet and its armature are thus affected in the well-known manner; but as each movement of the said armature is recorded, it will be seen that but onehalf the usual number of notches or insulated spaceswill be required, thesignals being given, as indicated by the numbers marked on the wheel.
  • a broader metallic space or insulated space, as the case may be, is employed to give the longer interval between the dots.
  • the armature-lever a does not form aportion of the local circuit, which includes two contactsprings,j"f mounted on insulating material, and having a metal anvil-piece, (t between their free ends, so that when they both touch the said anvil'piece the local circuit will be closed; but it either ofthem be separated from the said anvil-piece the local circuit will be open.
  • the end of the armature-lever It plays between the ends of the said springs, it bearing one of them away from the piece a when it is against either of its stops at ore, as shown in Fig. 2, but permitting them both to touch the said piece a in its passage from one stop to the other, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the relay-armature should close the local circuit during its movement; but it may close itat the end ofits movement in the usual manner, except that it closes at both movements.
  • an arrangement such as illustrated in Fig. 4 will prefe "ably be employed.
  • the armature-stops as d, is in electrical connection with the frame-piece 0, while the other stop, 0, is insulated therefrom, and both are adapted to make electrical contact with the armature-lever a.
  • the local circuit as shown in dotted lines, has two branches, one pole of its battery being connected by wire 12 with the armaturelever and the other pole having two branches, 13 14, connected with the frame cand with the stop 0, respectively.
  • dashes may be recorded as well as dots, and the register should have two stylus-operating magnets, (indicated in plan view atlm,) one in each branch of the said local circuit, and the operation of the break-wheel (shown in Fig. 5) will be registered, as shown in Fig. 7, in which it will be seen that the marks in both lines are counted, a dash indicating the last count of each figure and a long dash indicating the end of the com plete number.
  • one of the registeranagnets will remain in a normally-closed circuit, and the first movement of the armature of the other magnet or the backward movement of the normally-attracted armature may be employed to release the train of wheel-work and set the paper in motion.
  • I claim-- 1 In an electric signaling apparatus, a relay having a movable armature and retractor and a device for alternately breaking and 010s ing the circuit thereof, combined with a local battery and circuit for operating registering apparatus the terminals of which are controlled bythe said relay-armature, as described, whereby the condition of the said local circuit is changed both at the movement of the relay-armature from and at its movement toward the poles of its magnet, and a record is thus made both of the opening and closure of the main or relay circuit, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

Description

(No Model.)
J. W. STOVER.
APPARATUS FOR SIGNALING BY ELECTRICITY.
Patented Mar. 21,1882.
o wrww MW 0 W5 17m i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JOSEPH W. STOVER, ()F NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS.
APPARATUS FOR SIGNALING BY ELECTRICITY.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 255,124, dated March 21, 1882.
Application filed November 18, 1881. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, Josnrn W. S'rovnn, of Newton, county of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Methods of and Apparatus for Signaling by Electricity, ofwhich the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.
My invention relates to a method of signaling especially adapted to that class of telegraphy in which the recorded signals consist of difi'erent numbers of dots, or are produced by electric impulses of very short duration, and has for its object to enable the signals to be given with greater rapidity than by systems now practiced.
In telegraphing and signaling relays are commonly employed to open and close a local circuit, the currents of which actuate and control the registering mechanism by which a strip of paper is either embossed or receives colored marks by chemical action when permanent signals are desired. As heretofore commonly employed the relay-armature lever closes the local circuit only when it is in one extreme position, either attracted or retracted, and consequently, in giving a series of signals, two movements of the relay-armature toward and from the poles of its magnet are required for each complete signal.
This invention consists partly in causing both the opening and closure of the main cir cuit to be registered, as hereinafter described, a complete signal being recorded at the movement of the relay-armature from the poles of the magnet, and also at its return movement toward the poles thereof.
The invention also consists in a relay which operates to close the local circuitin the movement of its armature toward and from the poles of its magnet, instead of at the termination of one of the said movements, as has commonly been done.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a relay adapted for the practice of this invention, it being properly constructed to close the local circuit in its movement in either direction; Fig. 2, a detail showing a different device for controlling the local circuit, the relay-armature being in one of its extreme positions and the local circuit open; Fi 3, a similar view, but with the relay in an intermediate position and the local circuit closed; Fig. 4, a modification in which the local circuit is closed at the end of the movement of the armature; Fig. 5, a breakwlieel adapted to be used in practicing this invention, and Figs. 6 and 7 strips as regisistered by the relay shown in Figs. 1 and 4 respectively.
As shown in Fig. 1, the armature-lever a of the relay-magnet b forms one and the framework 0 the other electrode of the local circuit controlling the register or recording mechanism, which is well known and needs no illustration, such register consisting essentially of a train of wheel-work to move a strip of paper, an electro-magnet in the local circuit to set the said train in movement as soon as a signal be gins, it being adapted to stop itself after a definite interval without signals, and a stylus.
operated. by an electro-magnet in the local circuit to emboss the said traveling-paper, or electrodes to cause discoloration of the said pa per, chemically prepared for thatpurpose,when the current is flowing.
The front and back stops, cl 0, for the armature-lever a are both provided with insulating material, as shown, so that the said lever does not make electrical connection with either; but the frame-work c has connected therewith a contact-point, shown as afine spring, f, properly located to be touched by the end of the armature-lever as it passes from one to the other of the stops d 0, but to be disconnected from the said lever when resting against either of the said stops, as shown. The local circuit is thus closed momentarily at each backward and forward movement of the armature-lever (t, and a series of dots may thus be registered or recorded, as will be readily understood by those familiar with the art, and various different signals may be produced by varying the intervals between the said dots. This method is especially adapted to the sending of number-signals-such as used for fire-alarm and municipal purposeswhere a series of dots at uniform intervals represent a figure, a longer interval is employed to separate the diti'erent figures ot a complete number, and a still larger interval is used to separate the repetitions of the same number. Such a signal, composed entirely of dots, is shown in Figure 6, as it ap pears when registered upon the paper strip, two repetitions of the signal 314 being given, as indicated by the figures above the ditt'erent series of dots. These signals are usuallytransmitted mechanically bya break-wheel, and one adapted for this system is shown in Fi 5,
where the metallic disk or wheel forms one electrode of the circuit of the relay-magnet b, Fig. 1, and a contact-spring, g, resting on the periphery of the said wheel forms the other electrode. The said wheel is notched or provided with insulating material in its periphery, as shown, so that as it rotates electrical contact is made and broken between it and the spring g, and the relay-magnet and its armature are thus affected in the well-known manner; but as each movement of the said armature is recorded, it will be seen that but onehalf the usual number of notches or insulated spaceswill be required, thesignals being given, as indicated by the numbers marked on the wheel. A broader metallic space or insulated space, as the case may be, is employed to give the longer interval between the dots.
In the modification shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the armature-lever a does not form aportion of the local circuit, which includes two contactsprings,j"f mounted on insulating material, and having a metal anvil-piece, (t between their free ends, so that when they both touch the said anvil'piece the local circuit will be closed; but it either ofthem be separated from the said anvil-piece the local circuit will be open. The end of the armature-lever It plays between the ends of the said springs, it bearing one of them away from the piece a when it is against either of its stops at ore, as shown in Fig. 2, but permitting them both to touch the said piece a in its passage from one stop to the other, as shown in Fig. 3.
It is not necessary that the relay-armature should close the local circuit during its movement; but it may close itat the end ofits movement in the usual manner, except that it closes at both movements. In this case an arrangement such as illustrated in Fig. 4 will prefe "ably be employed. In this one of the armature-stops, as d, is in electrical connection with the frame-piece 0, while the other stop, 0, is insulated therefrom, and both are adapted to make electrical contact with the armature-lever a. The local circuit, as shown in dotted lines, has two branches, one pole of its battery being connected by wire 12 with the armaturelever and the other pole having two branches, 13 14, connected with the frame cand with the stop 0, respectively. By this arrangement dashes may be recorded as well as dots, and the register should have two stylus-operating magnets, (indicated in plan view atlm,) one in each branch of the said local circuit, and the operation of the break-wheel (shown in Fig. 5) will be registered, as shown in Fig. 7, in which it will be seen that the marks in both lines are counted, a dash indicating the last count of each figure and a long dash indicating the end of the com plete number.
When the armature-lever a is against the back stop, 0, as shown in the drawings, the cir cnit 12 14 will be closed through the magnet m, and the stylus, carried by its armature, will bein contact with the registering-strip, the branch 13, containing the magnet Z, beingthen open between a and d. When the armaturelever to is attracted into, contact with the stop (1 the circuit- 12 13 will be closed through the registering-magnet Z, the stylus of which will then reston the paper, while the branch containing the magnet in will be opened and its stylus removed. In this case one of the registeranagnets will remain in a normally-closed circuit, and the first movement of the armature of the other magnet or the backward movement of the normally-attracted armature may be employed to release the train of wheel-work and set the paper in motion.
It is obvious that a single local circuit might be employed, it being closed on both stops (1 c, and in this case a single stylus-magnet would be employed and the record of Fig. 7 would be in one line, the spaces between marks then corresponding to the time occupied by the relayarmature in passing from one stop to the other. This method is useful where it is desirable to send a signal with extreme rapidity and at the same time to enable a permanent record to be kept of such signal. The only limit to the speed of operation is the capability of the armature-lever to respond, and itwill be seen that double the speed is attained that can be when only one movement of the said armature is re corded, as is usually the case.
I claim-- 1. In an electric signaling apparatus, a relay having a movable armature and retractor and a device for alternately breaking and 010s ing the circuit thereof, combined with a local battery and circuit for operating registering apparatus the terminals of which are controlled bythe said relay-armature, as described, whereby the condition of the said local circuit is changed both at the movement of the relay-armature from and at its movement toward the poles of its magnet, and a record is thus made both of the opening and closure of the main or relay circuit, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In a relay, the combination, with the relayarmature, ot'the local-circuit terminals controlled thereby and arranged as described, by means of which the local circuit is closed in the movement of the armature in either direction, but retained open at the end ot the said movements, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. The combination, with a relay-armature lever forming a portion of the local circuit, and insulating-stops therefor, ot' a contact-spring, also forming a portion of the local circuit, it being located, as described, relative to the armature-lever, whereby it is touched by the said armature-lever only in its movement from one to the other of the said stops, substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence ol two subscribing witnesses.
Witnesses: JOS. W. STOVER.
G. W. Ganoonv, J os. P. Lrvnnaroan.
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