US2550456A

US2550456A - Spray nozzle

Info

Publication number: US2550456A
Application number: US712371A
Authority: US
Inventors: Flon James G De
Original assignee: Fluor Corp
Current assignee: Fluor Corp
Priority date: 1946-11-26
Filing date: 1946-11-26
Publication date: 1951-04-24
Anticipated expiration: 1968-04-24

Description

J. (5. DE FLON April 24, 1951 SPRAY NOZZLE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed NOV. 26, 1946 INVENTOR.

Arraewzr Aprii 24, 1951 DE FLON 2,550,456

SPRAY NOZZLE Filed Nov. 26, 1946 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 firropxyrr Patented Apr. 24, 1951 SPRAY NOZZLE James G. De Flon, Los Angeles, Calif., assignor to The Fluor Corporation, Ltd., Los Angeles, Calif., a corporation of California Application November 26, 1946, Serial No. 712,371

4 Claims. (01. 299-121) vThis invention has to do with improvements in spray nozzles of the type employed in water cooling towers to disperse a stream of water directed against a baIfle-like face of the nozzle, in spray form outwardly over the water cooling, decking, or coilsurfaces in the tower, as the case may be.

The invention has for one of its primary objects to provide an improved nozzle assembly characterized by its capacity for assuring proper spray distribution of the Water over an extended area despite wide variations that may occur in the velocity or quantity of water directed against the baffle surface or surfaces of the nozzle.

A further featureis the formation and arrangement of the spray dispersing surfaces of the nozzle in a manner at all times causing proper division and spray dispersion of the water, While assuring all parts and surfaces of the nozzleagainst becoming fouled or clogged by solid matters which may be carried by the water.

Specifically the invention aims to accomplish these objectives by forming the baifie section of the nozzle with peripheral tooth-like projections deflected relative to the path of the water striking them to direct the water in a spray pattern which will retain its initial characteristics despite variations in the quantity and velocity of the water. In the preferred form of the invention, the baffle portion of the nozzle carries one series of spaced projections turned oppositely with relation to the direction of water flow against the baffle, and a second set of oppositely turned pro- 2 shape and relation of the projections as initially formed. in the baffle blank;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the nozzle assembly inverted for use in a primary iections, all having the spaced and offset relationships later described. Proper direction of the water against the peripheral projections i effected by providing the baflle with a central raised or cone shaped member from which the water is .which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the nozzle assembly mounted on a water delivery pipe;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-section taken throughthe baffie portion of the nozzle; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plan view showing the axially of the plate, as by bending portions 2Ia.

distributing system; and

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary view showing the offset relation of the baflle projections.

The nozzle assembly I0 comprises a bracket II formed integrally with collar I2 secured by set I Referring to Fig. 2, the metallic baffie plate I6 7 is secured to the bracket I I by stud bolt I1 which also secures to the top surface of plate IS, a centrally positioned and essentially cone-shaped dehector I8. Preferably the latter is given a rounded top configuration at I9 with an annular outer bottom flare at 28 so that the water takes a streamlined course of flow in its deflection over the baffle plate surface.

Plate I6 is provided with peripheral spaced projections 2! and 22, the longitudinal center lines of which are on radii of the plate. Projections 2I and 22 are spaced apart at 23 and preferably are differently shaped in that the latter diverge radially of the plate, whereas projections 2! are of substantially uniform width. The shapes of the projections before they are bent away from the plane of the bafile, are illustrated 'in Fig. 3 which shows the baflle blank or disc with the projections as initially formed therein. Re-

ferring to Fig. 2, the outer portions of projections I 2i are turned outwardly and upwardly, whereas the outer extremities of projections 22 are reversely turned to extend substantially vertically. As illustrated, the inner portions 2 la and 22a of the projections are deflected in offset relation downwardly from the plane of the plate I6, and by reversely deflecting portions 22a of the other projections relative thereto.

Water striking the deflector I8 is directed outwardly over the baffle surface to impinge against the projections 2! and 22 in a manner giving a spray pattern characterized by its continuity over an extended radial distance starting at the nozzle. The bulk of the inner portion of the spray results from an important and novel relation between the projections 2| and 22, particularly because of their shapes and their offset condition axially of the baflle. The upwardly deflected terminals of projections 2| tend to restrict the flow of water along these projections and build up a back pressure which deflects a portion of the water laterally within the spaces S formed by the offset, against the under surfaces of the projections 22. As a result, a substantial portion of the water traversing the surfaces of projections 2 I, becomes deflected underneath projections 22 and defiectedby their substantially vertical terminals in a more or less direct downward path. This effect assures efiicient distribution within the inner area of the entire spray pattern, with resultant continuous wetting of surfaces beneath and directly beyond the radial extent of the baffle. Arelatively small portion of the water is not deflected laterally a sufficient distance to engage the under surface of projections 22, and therefore that small amount passes directly downwardly and outwardly through spaces 23 between the projections. Another portion of the water passes over the top surfaces of projections 22 to further extend the spray pattern. The outermost extent of the spray is formed and occupied by that portion of the water passing over projections 2i, which does not become deflected at the space S and therefore is dispersed in a relatively wide pattern from and beyond upturned terminals of the projections.

It is found that uniform fine particle distribution of the water and extension of the spray pattern are assured despite considerable variations that may occur in thequantity or velocity of wairer discharged against the bafiie from the pipe 16. This effect is due to the described spacing and shapetcharacteri-stics of the projections, and partioularly their offset relation axially of the baffie, which contributes greatly in assuring continuity of the spray distribution throughout the entire radial extent of the spray pattern. This condiis especially desirable in such situations as where the nozzles may be used for water distribut-ion :over pipe coils positioned rather closely below the nozzle.

The present form of nozzle may also be used to advantage for such purposes as the primary or top distribution of water in a cooling tower, as where the nozzles may be positioned to spray 'water downwardly over decking or bafiles positioned below 1e nozzles. When used for primary water distribution at the top of the tower, the nozzle and water delivery pipe relation desirable is inverted, as shown in Fig. 4.

reversed. Projections 33 having the vertically extending terminal portions 33a thus depend below the baffle as in the case of projections 22 in Fig. 2, with the upwardly and outwardly de- .flected projections 34 extending above the baffle. Referring to Fig. 5, the projections, as before, are offset at 35 axially of the bafile, as and for the purposes previously explained.

When water is discharged from pipe 21 upwardly against the baflle assembly, a portion of the water striking projections 33 is directed downwardly to occupy and give continuity to the inner portion of the spray pattern. Another portion of the water traversing these projections is deflected laterally at 35 against the top surfaces of projections 34 at sufficient radial velocity to permit the water to be deflected upwardly and outwardly over their top surfaces to complete the outer portion of the spray pattern.

I claim:

1. A spray device comprising a deflector having a surface against which a liquid stream is impinged axially of the deflector, and having a first set of spaced peripheral tooth-like spray dispersing projections extending reversely of the direction of liquid impingement against the de- :flector, and a second set of tooth-like projections between and spaced from the first mentioned projections and extending oppositely relative thereto, the inner portions of each set of projections being offset axially of the deflector in a direction opposite to that in which the respective outer portions extend so that water is deflected laterally from the surfaces of one set against the surfaces of the second set.

2. In a spray device, a circular deflector plate having two sets of alternate peripheral tooth-like projections, the inner radially extending portions of the projections in each set being relatively offset axially of the plate in a direction opposite to that in which the respective outer portions extend, said outer portions being turned in opposite directions so that liquid flowing along the surface of said plate is deflected laterally from alternate projections against the surfaces of the remaining projections.

3. A spray device comprising a horizontal plate deflector, a cone-shaped member secured to the top central portion of said plate and against which liquid is impinged axially of the cone and plate, said plate having two sets of alternate spaced peripheral radially extending tooth like projections, the inner portions of the projections in each set being relatively offset axially of the plate in a direction opposite to that in which the respective outer portions extend, said outer portions of successive projections being turned in opposite directions axially of the plate, liquid being deflected at the offset portions of the projections laterally from alternate projections against the turned surfaces of the remaining projections.

4. A spray device comprising a horizontal plate deflector, a cone shaped member secured to the top central portion or" said plate and against which liquid is impinged axially of the cone and plate, said plate having two sets of alternate spaced peripheral radially extending tooth-like projections, the inner portions of the projections in each set being relatively offset axially of the plate in a direction opposite to that in which the respective outer portions extend, said outer portions of successive projections being turned in opposite directions axially of the plate, liquid being deflected at the offset portions of the projections laterally from alternate projections against the turned surfaces of the remaining projections, and means releasably attaching said deflector plate and cone-shaped member to permit reversal of the plate relative thereto.

JAMES G. DE FLON.

(References on following page) 5 REFERENCES CITED Number The following references are of record in the 156052] file of this patent: UNITED STATES PATENTS 1:931:689 Number Name Date 35,138 533,890 Hart Feb. 12, 1895 ,279,3 4 550,968 Hart Dec. 10,1895 691,758 Gay Jan. 28, 1902 768,676 McDaniel Aug. 30, 1904 10 Number 826,611 Rockwood July 24, 1906 160,428 885,029 Esty Apr. 21, 1908 330,187 953,136 Goodwin et a1. Mar. 29, 1910 Name Date Bassler Nov. 10, 1925 Bowen Nov. 20, 1928 Page Apr. 1, 1930 Evans Oct. 24, 1933 Kendall Nov. 1, 1938 Jung Apr. 14, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Germany May 8, 1905 Germany Nov. 9, 1918