US254105A

US254105A - Joseph t

Info

Publication number: US254105A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1882-02-28
Anticipated expiration: 1899-02-28

Description

(fio Model.)

- J.T.BEDF-ORD.

MODE OF AND MACHINE FOR WAXING PAPER. No. 254,105. Y Patented Feb. 28,1882.

N. PEIKRS. Phom-Lilhowhnr. wmimw, 0.6,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH '1. BEDFORD,

onv NEW YORK, n. Y.

M ODE OF AND MACHINE FOR WAXING PAPER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of'Letters Patent No. 254,105, dated February 28, 1882.

' Application filed June 3, 1881. (No model.)

- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J osnrn T. BEnFonD, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have in '10 other wax has been manufactured both by hand and machinery; and my invention relates, first, to an improvement in the mode or process by which the paraffine is forced into the body and applied to either one or both surfaces of the paper. It also relates to certain means, hereinafter described, whereby the mode or process is performed.

In modes or processes heretofore known the paraffine isnot introduced into the body of the paper by a rubbing action, but simply by bringing the moving paper in contact with either a stationary or rotating para-ffine feeder or supplier; nor has the paraffine been ap 2 5 plied to both surfaces of the paper by upper and lower feeders or suppliers; nor have the same combinations of parts which 1 adopt been employed for heatln g and conducting the paper to the proper point for receiving upon its surfaces the melted paraffine or other wax, and to the roll upon which it is wound; neither has the same combination of parts which I employ for heating the paraiflne in its tanks'and for heating the paper during the operation of the 3 5 machine been devised.

My mode or process consists in applying parafline or other wax in very thin films and rubbing it into the body of traveling heated paper, instead of first applying a thick coat of 0 the paraffine tocold traveling paper and subsequently heating the thus coated paper for the purpose of drawing or causing the paraffine by capillary attraction to flow into the body'of the paper, then scraping off the surplus paraffine 5 from the paper and further heating and ironing the paper in order to smooth the roughened surface produced by the scraping operation.

The mode or process which I have invented will be more readily understood from the fol- 5o lowing illustration: Allow melted wax from a paraffine candle to drop upon your hand or coat and it becomes hard immediately. This is due to two causesfirst,because your hand, though quite warm, is colder than the parafline, and, second, because the drop is thick and your hand has not heat enough to prevent it from cooling when thus thick; but if you should lay on your hand a thinner layer of melted wax it would not cool so fast. The applying of the wax in a thick coat first and providing for subsequent removal of any surplus quantity has been one difficulty with the most perfect modes or processes heretofore devised for manufacturing paraffine or wax paper, and by my mode or process I have greatly improved the character of this manufacture, as well as cheapened the means necessary for its production; and,

besides this, I amenabled to apply the paraffine or wax to both surfaces of the paper, and thus give it a more highly finished appearance on its heretofore unwaxed surface. A My combinations of mechanism comprise- First, felt feeders applied nearly in contact with a hollow revolving heated roller andcaused to reciprocate in a tank containing melted paraffine or other wax, and by capillary attraction and a rubbing action to apply melted wax in infinitesimally thin films to the surface of the paper, and apreparatory hollow revolving roller for heating the paper as it comes from the supply-roll. v

Second, a tank for containing paraffine or other wax, provided with steam-pipes on its bottom for keeping the paraffine melted, recip-- rocating felt feeders partly immersed in the paraffine of the tank, a hollow revolving heatin g-roller, a hollow revolving roller for heating and presenting the paperto the felt feederg and deflecting-rollers, by which,'in connection with the arrangement oft'he heating-rollers, the paper is brought in contact with the felt feeders in a curved form, and also is made to keep in contact with a very large portion of the circumference of the hollow heating cylinders or rollers during its passage from the supplying to the receiving roll.

Third, an auxiliary waxing mechanism for applying a thin film of paraffine or wax to the upper surface of the paper,in combination with the main mechanism for rubbing the paraffine or wax into the paper from a point beneath IOO the paper. This combination embraces an ad ditional hollow heating-roller applied beneath the felt feeder of the auxiliary tank, and answering the same purpose of the hollow heating-roller placed above the main felt feeders.

Fourth, means for adjusting the reciprocating felt feeders to the roller.

Fifth, means for operating the felt feeders.

Sixth, the supplying-roll, the deflecting and heating rolls, the main and auxiliary mechanisms for applying the paraffine or other wax to both surfaces of the paper, main and auxiliary tanks for holding and heating the paraffine, and roll for receiving the finished paper.

Seventh, an upper tank provided with steampipes on its bottom for heating the paraftine, a felt holder or clamp, and a regulating-valve applied centrally over the perforated and raised portion of the felt holder or clamp.

Eighth, a tank, heating and deflecting rollers, and felt feeders 5 and, ninth, an improved clamp.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of myimproved machine. Fig. 2 is a front view with portions of the tanks broken away to expose the parts. Fig. 3 is a detail top view, showing the reciprocating felt-holding clamps and the mechanism in part whereby they are actuated.

The frame A of the machine may be of any suitable form and construction, and at its front the usual supply-roll, B, and at its back the usual receiving-roll, 0, are applied, as shown, or in any other more appropriate manner.

Between the rolls B and O, and on higher planes, are arranged three hollow rollers, D D D. These rollers are preferably made of metal,and they are of equal diameter, and two of them, D D, are arranged with their axes on the same horizontal plane, while the other one is placed with its axis on a much lower horizontal plane than rollers D D, and so as to occupy a position midway between the rollers D D, as shown. The three rollers thus arranged stand in a triangular relation, and those D D slightly overhang the roller D and all of them are heated by a suitable medium applied on their insides. Hot air or steam may be adopted as the means for heating the rollers D D D Forward of the roller D a roller, E, of smaller diameter than the heatingrollers, is applied, so as to deflect the paper out of a straight line, and thereby cause it to inclose a larger portion of the periphery of the roller D in its passage to the waxing mechanism. This roller E, in connection with the lower roller, D causes the paper to come in contact with a very large amount of the heating-surface presented by the roller D, while the roller D, in connection with the rollers D and D causes the paper to come in contact with a very large amount of theheating-surface presented by the roller D and in turn the roller D causes the paper to come in contact with a large amount of the heating-surface presented by the roller D. If the paper is not to be supplied with paraffine or other wax on its upper surface from an auxiliary tank, as presently described, the roller D need not be hollow nor heated, as nothing further is required with my machine to finish the paper than to rub the wax or paraffine into its body.

Beneath the three rollers D D D a paraffine or other wax tank, F, is placed, and upon the bottom of this tank steam-pipes for keepin g the wax melted are applied,as indicated at a a. In this tank the paraffine is placed, and within the tank, so as to be partly immersed in the paraffine, are placed two felt feeders, G G, having concave upper edges which correspond with the eylindrical surface of the roller D and come nearly in close contact with the same. These feeders conduct the paraffine up to the paper by capillary attraction in the same manner as set forth in a former patent granted to me; but they differ from those in my aforesaid patent in being moved back and forth as the paper travels around the lower portion of the periphery of the roller D and by said back and forward movement these feeders rub the parafline, which is supplied in very thin films, into the body of the paper, and thereby at once completely wax and finish it. The feeders are applied within suitable holding-clamps, H H, each of which has a hinged or movable jaw, f, as shown. These feeders and their clamps are suspended by means of angular hangers J upon guide-bars I of the frame. The hinges b of the jawsfare a little above the bottom edges of the jaws, and the pivots of the hinges turn in fixed end portions of the stationary jawsf of the clamps, as indicated at 11. Below the hinges b elastic leverarms J are fastened to the movable jaws f, said arms being provided at their upper ends with set-screws c, which bear against the hangers J. By means of the lever-arms J, set-screws c, and hinges b the upper portions of the jaws fare caused to press upon the upper portions of the felt feeders, and thereby regulate the flow upward of the parafiine. The guide-bars I are provided with lever-arms a and set-screws 0 by means of which the guide-bars I can be made to bring the felt feeders in proper relation to the roller D In order to keep the felt feeders within the clamps, small wires dare passed through them and the jawsff.v These wires at their inner ends fit in large holes formed in the jawsf, while their other ends may be fastened to the jawsf, and thus they do not interfere with the movement of thejawsf.

The clamps or felt-holders II II are held in position and in proper relation to the roller D by the guide-bars I, while they slide freely back and forth parallel with the roller D This sliding movement is secured by the rocking bar K, connecting-rods g g, crank-arm It, connecting-rod t, and eccentric j, as shown. The eccentric-shaft j is provided with a pulley, l, which, by means of a belt, m, is geared with the shaft of the roller D, and by this means the felt feeders are caused to reciprocate lengthwise of the roller while the rollerD is revolved.

black lines.

' paper as it passes oventhe roller'D.

The paper, after being waxed upon its under surface, may have a gloss imparted to its upper or other surface by applying a verysmall quantity of paraffine or other wax directly upon said surface, and for accomplishing this an auxiliary tank, M, with steam-heating pipes 12 n and a stationary felt feeder, N, is applied on top of the frame A of the machine, as shown. This tank is so located that the felt feeder impinges, or nearly so, upon the center of the periphery of the roller D, and by its lower curved edge applies paraffine or other Wax upon the The bottom of the tank is constructed with a felt-holder, which extends up some distance above the steam-heating pipes n n, and through the top of this felt-holdera number of supply-passages, p, are made, and above these passages a valve, g, on the lower end of a vertical rod, r, is arranged, for the purpose of regulating and at times shutting off the supply of parafiine from the felt feeder N.

It will be seen that the paper passes over the roller D and is first heated. Then from this roller it passes under the heatingroller D where it is waxed by the reciprocating felt feedersrubbing thinly-applied films of wax into its body, leaving possibly its under surface finished with a thin film of wax, which gives a finish and gloss to the same. The paper thus waxed passes over the roller D, and is by it heated, and while in this condition a small quantity of wax isapplied to its upper surface by means of the felt feeder N, in order that this surface may have a glossy appearance.

With my very simple process and mechanism first-elass paper, known as "waxed paper, can be made very rapidly and at very much less expense than heretofore.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The herein-described mode or process of making waxed paper, consisting in heating the paper before it is waxed, supplying the paraffine or other wax to the paper in thin films, at points above the mass or body of paraffine, by having it pass through felt rubbers or feeders by capillary attraction, and reheating the paper and wax thereon, and simultaneously rubbing the thin films of paraffine into the traveling heated paper, substantially as described.

2. The combination of felt feeders, applied nearly in contact with a revolving hollow heated roller, and caused to reciprocate in a tank containing melted paraffine or other wax, and by capillary attraction and a rubbing action to apply melted wax in thin films to the surface of the paper, and a hollow revolving roller for heating the paper between the supply-roll and the tank, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The combination of a paraffine or other wax-holding tank, provided with steam-pipes for keeping the Wax melted, reciprocating felt feeders partly immersed in the tank, hollow revolving heating-rollers D D and deflectingrollers, substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

4. The combination of the auxiliary or upper waxing mechanism, provided with a felt feeder, with the lower main waxing mechanism, also provided with a felt feeder, which by capillary attraction supplies the paraffine to the paper in thin films at points above the mass or body of paraffine, and with hollow rolls which heat and deflect the paper, substantially as described.

5. The felt feeders applied in clamps, and made adjustable by means of rocking guidebars I, lever-arms c and set-screws, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. Felt feeders, in combination with mechanism, substantially as described, whereby they are reciprocated beneath the paper and within the paraffine or other wax-holdin g tank, as set forth.

7. The combination of the supplying-roll,

heating-rolls, main and auxiliary waxing mechanisms, provided respectively with a felt feeder, main and auxiliary tanks for holding and keeping the paraffime or other wax melted, and a roll for receiving the waxed paper, the whole being substantially as and for the purpose described.

S. The upper tank provided with steam-pipes for heating the paraffine or other wax, a felt.

holder or clamp, and a regulating-valve applied centrally over the perforated and, raised portion of the felt-holder, substantially as described.

9. The'eombination of a felt feeder, a tank for holding the paraffine' or other wax, and hollow heating-rollers D D D arranged in a triangle, or nearly so, substantially as and for the purpose described.

10. The clamps H, having hinged innerjaws, f, lever-arms J, and set-screws a, substantially as described.

JOSEPH T. BEDFORD.

Witnesses:

D. BLANOHARD, R. DHEURnUsn.