US2540684A - Pivoted lock for breech bolt locking members - Google Patents

Pivoted lock for breech bolt locking members Download PDF

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Publication number
US2540684A
US2540684A US131754A US13175449A US2540684A US 2540684 A US2540684 A US 2540684A US 131754 A US131754 A US 131754A US 13175449 A US13175449 A US 13175449A US 2540684 A US2540684 A US 2540684A
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United States
Prior art keywords
sliding
respect
support
breechblock
firearm
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Expired - Lifetime
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US131754A
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English (en)
Inventor
Maillard Bernard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brev Aero Mecaniques S A Soc
Society "brevets Aero-Mecaniques " S A
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Brev Aero Mecaniques S A Soc
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/38—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes
    • F41A3/40—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes mounted on the bolt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/70—Anti-rebound arrangements, i.e. preventing rebound of the bolt out of the firing position

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to automatic firearms including a breech casing in which is slidably mounted amovable'breechblock which can be temporarily stopped in firing position by at least one retractable locking member carried by said breech casing.
  • This locking member is shifted from active to neutral position under the action of a locking control system a portion of which is housed in the breech casing and the working of which is theoretically determined by the fining of a shot.
  • My invention is more pertieularly but not eiiolusivelyccncerned with firearms of this kind in which the locking control system is operated %by gas s t p d f barrel.
  • the firearm f being mounted slidable on a support with the interpo sition of a shock absorber system capable of "limiting recoil of said arm with respect to said support whena shotis fired, I provide along the path of zrecoil of the portion of the locking control system which is housed in the breech casing, a retractable abutment device which remains in,
  • Fig. 1 diagrammatically :shows, in axial 1011- gitudinal section ;and with parts cut away, an automatic firearm :acjcordingto my invention
  • Fig. .2 issamerspective View of the breech mechanismiof this arm, centainparts having been removed and others .cut away so as better to illustrate the part function of the various elements;
  • Fig. 3 is .an zlelevationa1 view not :a modification of the firearmeshownrby Figs. 1 and '12, this view showing ,onl-ya pontion of this firearm;
  • Fig. is vasplan view :corresponding to Fig. 3';
  • Fig. '6 is an elevational view, in section on the line -V-I V-I of Fig. '8, of a portion of an automati-c firearmmade according to another niodification;
  • Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view on the line- Fig. 8 is a cross section on the line "VIIL-VIII' merits of the structure of Figs. 6 to Thefinearmas a whole, is of any suitable con struction, for instance as 'follows:
  • It includes -a barrel 1 at therear end of which is provided a breech casing 2 in which is slidahle,
  • a movable breechblock 3 subjected "to the action of a reouperator spring 4 which constaritly urges it in the iron'tward' direction.
  • a control system may, for instance, 136'- made in the following conventional fashion:
  • sliding pieces 1 are provided with notches la ar ranged, when sliding -pieces 1 have moved a ,predetermined distance toward the rear, 9 came; opposite t at which they release and enable :to 5 retract into breechblflqk releasi or neutral ,po
  • sition g v Sliding pieces! are given their recoil movement, by longitudinal push pieces 9 carried by breech casing 2 and actuated by a system including cylinder l andpiston II and mounted on the barrel I of the arm, this system being periodically supplied, owing to a port l2, with the combustion gases which fill the portion of said barrel at the rear of the projectile that is being driven off.
  • a firearm made as above described is mounted longitudinally slidable in a fixed support Sjwith the interposition of a shock absorbing system (not shown by the drawing) capable of limiting the recoil of the arm with respect to said support,
  • support may be either pivotally mounted” or rigidly fixed to the framework of the device or machine which is equipped with the firearm.
  • I provide, slidable on breech casing 2, a loader carrying sliding member or part l3 made rigid with the arm support S, for instance by means of a key l3a.
  • the firearm recoils with respect to its support and sliding member [3, rigid with said support, is thus given a relative longitudinal displacement with respect to the arm, which displacement is of the same amplitude, but in the opposed direction, as that of the arm with respect to its support (recoil).
  • this drawback is obviated by providing-a safety device capable of limiting the rebounding of sliding pieces I to a permissible "amplitude (i.' e. one which does not permit release of the breechblock) as long as the recoil of the whole of the arm with respect to support S has not reached a value for which it is sure that the shot has been normally fired;
  • a permissible "amplitude i.' e. one which does not permit release of the breechblock
  • I preferably constitute this safety device in the form of a retractable abutment l4 carried by the breech casing 2 and adapted, in active position, to project across the path of recoil of sliding pieces I, so that rebounding of these pieces is limited to a permissible value. Return of said abutment l4 into neutral or retracted position is achieved, at the proper time, by a cam [5 carried by the loader carrying sliding part l3.
  • Abutment I4 is given the shape of a fork the interval between the branches of which corresponds to the distance between sliding pieces 1.
  • I provide, inthe upper face of, breech casing 2, a recess or housing 2 a'in which said fork can fit, in its retracted pOsition; the transverse portion of fork l4 (i. e. the portion extending between its branches) rests upon the sharp edge 2b of recess 2a forming a pivot axis for said fork, whereby, when fork l4 pivots downwardly, under the action of return spring IS, the ends of" its branches come across the path of recoil of sliding pieces I. 7
  • Fork l4 includes anarm Ma the bevelled edge [4b of which is arranged to engage cam [5 when the amplitude of the recoil stroke of the firearm (i. e. of breech casing 2) with respect to support S reaches the predetermined minimum value for which the breechblock may be released without risk.
  • This automatic firearm works as followsr When firing takes place without incident, the, firing of a shot is immediately followed by a recoilof the firearm with respect to support S, which 1 recoil has for its effect, due to the cooperation of cam I5 (fixed on the loader carrying sliding part l3) with bevelled edge Mb carried by fork ll, of causing said fork to be retracted into its housing 2a and, therefore, of letting sliding pieces 1 free to recoil until they permit the breechblock to be released.
  • FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, a pneumatic resetting device essentially constituted by a unit including a cylinder I 1' and a piston I8, this unit being mounted on one side of the breech casing 2, the piston N3 of said unit acting, during the recoil stroke, upona finger rigid with one of the sliding pieces I and serving. to drive said sliding pieces (for releasing the breechblock) then breechblock 3 toward the rear through the intermediary of i said sliding pieces.
  • abutment member I4 is imperatively brought into active position, when sliding pieces 1 are nearing the end of their frontward displacements, by the very movement of said pieces, which, reciprocally, cannot finish their frontward movement if, for any reason whatever, member ll. has not been brought into active position.
  • Suchan arrangement constitutes an important improvement because, as the system for-med by sliding pieces I generally carries the striking pm, percussion of the cartridge in the barrel is made impossible when abutment member has not been previously brought. into active position, since in this case sliding pieces cannot complete their frontward stroke. wherefore, when the-safety obtained by the bringing "of abutment member 14 into active position ceases to exist, for any reason whatever, the shot is not 'fired, so that any risk of accident is avoided.
  • Breech casing 2 is of course provided with receases for accommodating arm I' ic and lug Md. As for sliding piece I, it is provided with a groove 'lc to accommodate lug Md.
  • member I i is pro-- vented from --pi-voting into active position, its lug Hitflops sliding. piece I (and thereiorera'lso 1) before: the-end of its .frontward stroke, so that the Cartridge is not fired.
  • the abutment member instead of being pivoted to the breech casing, is: pivotally carriedby the sliding piece with. which. it cooperates.
  • the abutment members are im-p ra i y' brought into active position.
  • C is the length of overlapping of thecooper ating means of the abutment member and of the arm supportfor keeping said abutment member in active position, then C must be smaller than or at most-equai-to B so that the abutment means can be retracted before, or just as, said means can strike "the breech-casing, and
  • each oi' the 'sl iding pieces- 'l carries an abutment member l i-4 pivoted thereto about a transverse axis. These members are urged toward active position (as shown by Fig. 6) by springs H6.
  • the rear ends of the iabutment members active position are adapted to come into-contact witha surface I55] belonging to the. breech casing, to limit, in these conditions, the rearward movements of the sliding pieces.
  • Each of the abutment membersl -14 is provided at the rear part thereof, with lateral projections or lugs H lb adapted tocooperalteywhen'the slid ing pieces move rearwardly, with respect to the firearm support, with a. surface H5 rigid with 1 said support, so as to retract said abutment members H4, for normal operation.
  • abutment members H1 are provided with lugs l 1 40 adapted to cooperate,
  • lugs. ll lc cooperate with fixed surface I5I to bring abutment members H4 into active position, in which they remain for a frontward displacement equal to C.
  • abutment members H4 are not retracted before their rear edge comes against surface l50. Therefore, they prevent further rearward displacement of the sliding pieces, and the breech block cannot be released.
  • a support a firearm slidably mounted on said support for recoil with respect thereto and including a barrel, a breech casing at the rear end of said barrel, a breechblock slidable longitudinally in said breech casing, at least one looking member retractably carried by said breechblock to secure it to said breech casing in firing position, control means partly housed in said casing for temporarily holding said locking member in active position thereof, and retractable abutment means be-- ably, mounted on said support for recoil with respect thereto, said firearm including a barrel, a breech casing at the rear end of said barrel, a breechblock reciprocable longitudinally in said breech casing, at least one locking member retractably carried by said breechblock.
  • control means for temporarily holding said locking member in active position including at least one longitudinal sliding piece movable in said breech casing and mounted for limited longitudinal displacement with respect to said breechblock, said sliding piece being arranged to cooperate with said locking member to release it for shifting into retracted position in response to a given rearward displacement of said piece with respect to said breech casing, and means for moving said sliding piece rearwardly in response to the firing of a shot, an abutment member arranged to be interposed in active position between said sliding piece and said breech casing for limiting the rearward displacements of the first of said two last mentioned elements'with'respct to the other to values smaller than said given rearward-dis-i placement, said abutment member being retractable into one of said two elements to clear the other, means for urging said abutment member toward active position, and cam means carried by said firearm support for bringing said abutment member into retracted position in response to rearward displacements of said
  • a combination according to claim 1 further comprising means operative by said controlmeans for positively bringing said abutment means into active position just after said lockingmember has been held in active position by said control means.
  • breech casing at least one locking member retractably carried by said breechblock to secure it to said breech casing in firing position, control.
  • means for temporarily holding said 7 locking member in active position including at least one longitudinal sliding piece movable in said breechcasing and mounted for limited longitudinal displacement with respect to said breechblock, said sliding piece being arranged to cooperate with said locking member to release it for shifting into retracted position in response to a given rear-3 ward displacement of said piece with respect to I ,said breech casing, and means for moving said.
  • an abutment member arranged to be interposed in active position between said sliding piece and said breech casing for limiting the rearward displacements of the first of said two last mentioned elements with respect to the other to values smaller than said given rearward disa placement, said abutment member being retractable into one of said two elements to clear the other, means operative by said sliding piece -for positively bringing said abutment member into; active position at the end of the frontward movement of said sliding piece, and cam means carried by said firearm support for bringing said abutment member into retracted position in response to rearward displacements of said firearm with respect to said support of an amplitude at least equal to a predetermined value.
  • a support a firearm slidably --mounted on said support for recoil with respect thereto, said firearm including a barrel, a breech casing at the rear end of said barrel, a breechblock reciprocable longitudinally in said breech casing, at least one locking member retractably carried by said breechblock to secure it to said.
  • control means for temporarily holding said locking member in active position including a sliding system constituted by two longitudinal sliding pieces movable in said breech casing on either side of said I breechblock nd mounted for limited longitudinal displacement with respect to said breechblock, said sliding system being arranged to cooperate with said locking member to release it for shift-1" ing into retracted position in response to a given rearward displacement of said system with respect to said breech casing, and means for mov-"" ing said sliding system rearwardly in response 3 to the firing of a shot, a fork-shaped abutment member having its branches at a distance from each other equal to the distance between said sliding pieces so that the ends of said branches cooperate with said sliding pieces, respectively, said fork-shaped member being arranged to be interposed in active position between said sliding system and said breech casing for limiting the rearward displacements of the first of said two I last mentioned elments with respect to the other to values smaller than said given rearward displacement, said fork-shaped
  • a combination according to claim 2 further including a, resetting device and means responsive to the operation of said device for bringing said abutment member into retracted position to permit release of the breechblock despite the fact that the firearm proper is not moved with respect to its support.
  • a support a, firearm slidably mounted on said support for recoil with respect thereto, said firearm including a barrel, a breech casing at the rear end of said barrel, a breechblock reciprocable longitudinally in said breech casing, at least one looking member retractably carried by said breechblock to secure it to said breech casing in firing position, control means for temporarily holding said locking member in active position including at least one longitudinal sliding piece movable in said breech casing and mounted for limited longitudinal displacement with respect to said breechblock, said sliding piece being arranged to cooperate with said looking member to release it for shifting into retracted position in response to a given rearward displacement of said piece with respect to said breech casing, and means for moving said sliding piece rearwardly in response to the firing of a shot, an abutment member arranged to be interposed in active position between said sliding piece 10 and said breech casing for limiting the rearward displacements of the first of said two last mentioned elements with respect to the other to values
  • a support a firearm slidably, mounted on said support for recoil with respect thereto, said firearm including a barrel, a breech casing at the rear end of said barrel, a breechblock reciprocable longitudinally in said breech piece rearwardly in response to the firing of a.
  • an abutment member arranged to be interposed in active position between said sliding piece and said breech casing for limiting the rearward displacements of the first of said two last mentioned elements with respect to the other to values smaller than said given rearward displacement, said abutment member being retractable by pivoting about a transverse axis into said sliding piece to clear said breech casing, means for urging said member toward active position, and cam means carried by said firearm support for bringing said abutment member into retracted position' in response to rearward displacements of said-firearm with respect to said support of an amplitude at least equal to a predetermined value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Table Equipment (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US131754A 1948-12-20 1949-12-08 Pivoted lock for breech bolt locking members Expired - Lifetime US2540684A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU282424X 1948-12-20

Publications (1)

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US2540684A true US2540684A (en) 1951-02-06

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US131754A Expired - Lifetime US2540684A (en) 1948-12-20 1949-12-08 Pivoted lock for breech bolt locking members

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US (1) US2540684A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE491510A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH282424A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE803213C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR997723A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB662416A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
LU (3) LU29309A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0226660D0 (en) * 2002-11-15 2002-12-24 Bosher Gilbert F C Breech loaded gun

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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None *

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Publication number Publication date
LU29817A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE491510A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE803213C (de) 1951-03-01
LU29787A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
LU29309A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB662416A (en) 1951-12-05
FR997723A (fr) 1952-01-09
CH282424A (fr) 1952-04-30

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