US2528273A - Method of inhibiting foaming in steam boilers - Google Patents
Method of inhibiting foaming in steam boilers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2528273A US2528273A US773078A US77307847A US2528273A US 2528273 A US2528273 A US 2528273A US 773078 A US773078 A US 773078A US 77307847 A US77307847 A US 77307847A US 2528273 A US2528273 A US 2528273A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- water
- tetraethylene pentamine
- foam
- boiling
- tendency
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 title description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960001124 trientine Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004326 stimulated echo acquisition mode for imaging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHWGPUVJQFTOQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl-[2-[2-[ethyl(dimethyl)azaniumyl]ethyl-methylamino]ethyl]-dimethylazanium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(C)CCN(C)CC[N+](C)(C)CC NHWGPUVJQFTOQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 gum-arabie Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- YELGFTGWJGBAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N mephedrone Chemical compound CNC(C)C(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 YELGFTGWJGBAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01B—BOILING; BOILING APPARATUS ; EVAPORATION; EVAPORATION APPARATUS
- B01B1/00—Boiling; Boiling apparatus for physical or chemical purposes ; Evaporation in general
- B01B1/02—Preventing foaming
- B01B1/04—Preventing foaming by chemical means
Definitions
- the foam inhibiting compositionsof the present invention may be introduced into steam boiler water in the form of colloidal dispersions that may be stabilized with tannin, gum-arabie, pectin, or the like. If desired, the foam inhibiting compositions may be introduced into the boiler in the form of a solution in an appropriate sol- V ven suchas-is propy1 dosages required are generally quite small, on the order of some few parts per million of boiler alcohol or the like.
- foam inhibiting compounds may be added to boiler Water, preferably in combination with tannin. Addition of foam inhibiting compounds maybe repeated as required to prevent foaming.
- reaction mass may be. prepared as follows. 75 grams of lauric acid were heated with 17 grams triethylene tetramine at 180? to 220 C. for 6 hours. Titration of the reaction mass with normal alcoholic sodium hydroxide solution, using Poirriers Blue as indicator, showed that reaction mass contained 43 :unreacted acids. The product is soluble in benzene and ethyl acetate and contains 7.22% ni-. trogen, as compared with the theoretical nitrogen content of 6.73%.
- V'Ietralauroyltetraethylene pentamine having the formula:
- Tetralauroyl tetraethylene pentamine may also be prepared as follows. 80 grams of lauric'acid were heated with 19 grams of tetraethylene pentamine at. from 175 to' 185 C. for 21 hours, yielding a product having an acid number of 28.1.
- the reaction mass obtained had a nitrogen con-.
- Pentacapryl tetraethylene pentamine having the formula:
- Pentacapryl tetraethylene pentamine may also be preparedas follows. 1.1 lb. of tetraethylene pentaminewereplaced in a 4 liter beaker and heated with constant stirring over a free flame at 190 to 200 C. for hours. At this time, the free acidity had dropped to 5.56%. The product obtained had nitrogen content of 8.30% and, corrected for the unreacted acid, a nitrogen content 017.29%. Y
- The'efliciency as foam inhibitor of the above identified compositions has been determined by testing in a laboratory boilerf operating un'de'r 200 lbs. per sq. in. pressure amfmmmimgem cc.' of a foaming water made -upb'y addinglto 1 liter distilled water /2 gram CaSOnZH'zO," 2 grams anhydrous NazCOs and 0.3 gram anhytions were added to the foaming water in 1 mg. portions. Trilauroyl diethylene triamine was found to inhibit foaming for 164 minutes; tetralauroyl triethylene tetramine; for 1'70 minutes;
- the method of generating steam from a boiler water having a, tendency to foam on boiling which comprises dispersing into said water a material selected from the group consisting of trilauroyl diethylene triamine, tetralauroyl triethylene tetramine, tetralauroyl tetraethylene pentamine and pentacaproyl tetraethylene pentamine, and heating the resulting aqueous dispersionto the boiling point, said material being added in an amount sufficient substantially to inhibit the tendency of said water to foam on boiling.
- the method of generating steam from a boiler water having a tendency to foam on boiling which comprises dispersing into said water from 0.1 to parts per million of a material selected from the group consisting of trilauroyl diethylene triamine, tetralauroyl triethylene tetramine, tetralauroyl tetraethylene pentamine and pentacaproyl tetraethylene pentamine, said material. functioning to inhibit the tendency of said water to foam on boiling,
- the method of generating steam from a boiler water having a tendency to form on boiling which comprises dispersing from 0.1 to 50 parts per million of pentacaproyl tetraethylene pentamine into said water, and heating the resulting aqueous dispersion to the boiling point, said pentacaproyl tetraethylene pentamine functioning, to inhibit the tendency of said water to foam on boiling.
- the method of generating steam from a boiler water having a tendency to foam on boiling which comprises'dispersing from 0.1 to 50 parts per million of tetralauroyl tetraethylene pentamine into said water, and heating the resulting aqueous dispersion to the boiling point, said tetralauroyl tetraethylene pentamine functioning to inhibit the tendency of said water to foamon boiling.
- the method of generating steam from a boiler water having a tendency to foam on boiling which comprises dispersing from 0.1 to 50 parts per million of tetralauroyl triethylene tetramine into saidwater, and heating the resulting aqueous dispersion to the boiling point, said tetralauroyl triethylene tetramine functioning to inhibit the tendency of said water to foam on boiling.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Description
Patented Oct. 31, 1950 UNITED PM OFFICE METHOD "or INHIBITING FOAMING IN STEAM BOILERS Lewis 0. Gunderson, Park Ridge, 111., assignor to Dearhorn. Chemical Company, Chicago, 111., a corporation of Illinois N Drawing. Application September 9, 1947, f "Serial No. 773,078 I V in the boiler correlated with the Water level indicated in the conventional water glass attached to the boiler. -In other Words, there isno sharp line of demarcation between solid Water and foam in a boiler during rapid steam withdrawal.
The foaming of boiler water is actually arapid expansion of the water in a steam generating area of the boiler brought about by the fact that rapidly forming small steam-bubblesdo not coalesce, if at all, until a definite short time'after their formation. As a consequence, the entire volume of water in the generating area is ex panded by myriads 'of small bubbles until the thus formedso-called light water may fill the steam space and become entrained with jthe steam leaving the boiler. I 1 1 In other words, bubbles need not be particularly stable to cause boiler foaming. stabll: ity of the bubbles need only be such that the bub bles last but a very few seconds after passing the plane of the water levelindicated in'the water glass.
I have now found that the slight degree of stabilization of bubbles which suffices to cause foaming of boiler water may be largely or completely inhibited by the addition to the water of trilauroyl diethylene triamine, tetralauroyl triethylene tetramine, tetralauroyl tetraethylene pentamine, or pentacapryl tetraethylene pentamine. These are novel compounds not heretofore prepared.
.,5 .Qlaims. 1 (01. 252 -3211:] I v It is therefore animportant object of the pres- The foam inhibiting compositionsof the present invention may be introduced into steam boiler water in the form of colloidal dispersions that may be stabilized with tannin, gum-arabie, pectin, or the like. If desired, the foam inhibiting compositions may be introduced into the boiler in the form of a solution in an appropriate sol- V ven suchas-is propy1 dosages required are generally quite small, on the order of some few parts per million of boiler alcohol or the like. The
water. In general, from 0.1 to about 5 parts per million of. foam inhibiting compounds may be added to boiler Water, preferably in combination with tannin. Addition of foam inhibiting compounds maybe repeated as required to prevent foaming.
Trilauroyldiethylene triamine having the formula HN-oH2-oHkN oH; eH2-NH =o I =o =0 511B 2 111123 111112:
may be-preparedas follows. grams of lauric acid were heated with 12 grams diethylene triamine for 6 hours at to 200 C. Titration of the reaction mass with 1% normal alcoholic solution of sodium hydroxide, using Poirriers Blue as indicator, showed that the reaction mass contained 1.4% of unreacted acid. The product i soluble in benzene and ethyl acetate and contains 6.65% n g' n. a com ared w th th theoretical n on q nt n io' 46% l etra ro tr e hy en tr m na h i h fo m a:
may be. prepared as follows. 75 grams of lauric acid were heated with 17 grams triethylene tetramine at 180? to 220 C. for 6 hours. Titration of the reaction mass with normal alcoholic sodium hydroxide solution, using Poirriers Blue as indicator, showed that reaction mass contained 43 :unreacted acids. The product is soluble in benzene and ethyl acetate and contains 7.22% ni-. trogen, as compared with the theoretical nitrogen content of 6.73%.
V'Ietralauroyltetraethylene pentamine, having the formula:
( 3 0 C=O =0 H =0 11 2: $111123 uHn 11 23 may beprepared as follows. '75 grams lauric acid were heated with 22 grams tetraethylene pentamine at 180 to 200 C. for '6 hours. Titration of the reaction mass with normal alcoholic sodiflum hydroxide solution, using Poirriers Blue as indicator; showed that reaction mass contained 3.27% unreacted acid. The product is soluble in drous Na2SO4.
Tetralauroyl tetraethylene pentamine may also be prepared as follows. 80 grams of lauric'acid were heated with 19 grams of tetraethylene pentamine at. from 175 to' 185 C. for 21 hours, yielding a product having an acid number of 28.1.
The reaction mass obtained had a nitrogen con-.
tent of '7.12%. Correction for the acid content indicates a nitrogen content of 7.90%.
Pentacapryl tetraethylene pentamine, having the formula:
may be prepared as follows. v345 grams capric acid, 54 grams tetraethylene pentamine'and' grams of dry silica gel were heated together for hours at from l60 to 2109C. Titrati'onof the reaction mass with 6 normal alcoholic sodium hydroxide solution, using Poirriers Blue as indicatonshowed that 35.4% of the :acid had not reacted. The unreacted capric acid was removed by vacuum distillation, 124.2 grams being recovered. The residue from the distillation was recrystallized from 300 cc. hot acetone.= The in. soluble material which was filtered off .weighed 72.9 grams and formed a light brown powder melting at 107 to 110 C. and having a nitrogen content of 7.29%, compared with a theoretical nitrogen content of 7.3%.
Pentacapryl tetraethylene pentamine may also be preparedas follows. 1.1 lb. of tetraethylene pentaminewereplaced in a 4 liter beaker and heated with constant stirring over a free flame at 190 to 200 C. for hours. At this time, the free acidity had dropped to 5.56%. The product obtained had nitrogen content of 8.30% and, corrected for the unreacted acid, a nitrogen content 017.29%. Y
The'efliciency as foam inhibitor of the above identified compositions has been determined by testing in a laboratory boilerf operating un'de'r 200 lbs. per sq. in. pressure amfmmmimgem cc.' of a foaming water made -upb'y addinglto 1 liter distilled water /2 gram CaSOnZH'zO," 2 grams anhydrous NazCOs and 0.3 gram anhytions were added to the foaming water in 1 mg. portions. Trilauroyl diethylene triamine was found to inhibit foaming for 164 minutes; tetralauroyl triethylene tetramine; for 1'70 minutes;
tetralauroyl tetraethylene pentamine, for 124 procedure 5 lbs. of capric acid and The above identified composimay be varied through a wide range without departing from the principles of this invention and it is, therefore, not my purpose to limit the pat ent granted on this invention otherwise than necessitated by the scope of the appended claims.
;I claim as my invention:
' 1; The method of generating steam from a boiler water having a, tendency to foam on boiling which comprises dispersing into said water a material selected from the group consisting of trilauroyl diethylene triamine, tetralauroyl triethylene tetramine, tetralauroyl tetraethylene pentamine and pentacaproyl tetraethylene pentamine, and heating the resulting aqueous dispersionto the boiling point, said material being added in an amount sufficient substantially to inhibit the tendency of said water to foam on boiling.
-2. The method of generating steam from a boiler water having a tendency to foam on boiling which comprises dispersing into said water from 0.1 to parts per million of a material selected from the group consisting of trilauroyl diethylene triamine, tetralauroyl triethylene tetramine, tetralauroyl tetraethylene pentamine and pentacaproyl tetraethylene pentamine, said material. functioning to inhibit the tendency of said water to foam on boiling,
3. The method of generating steam from a boiler water having a tendency to form on boilingwhich comprises dispersing from 0.1 to 50 parts per million of pentacaproyl tetraethylene pentamine into said water, and heating the resulting aqueous dispersion to the boiling point, said pentacaproyl tetraethylene pentamine functioning, to inhibit the tendency of said water to foam on boiling.
4. The method of generating steam from a boiler water having a tendency to foam on boiling which comprises'dispersing from 0.1 to 50 parts per million of tetralauroyl tetraethylene pentamine into said water, and heating the resulting aqueous dispersion to the boiling point, said tetralauroyl tetraethylene pentamine functioning to inhibit the tendency of said water to foamon boiling.
5 The method of generating steam from a boiler water having a tendency to foam on boiling which comprises dispersing from 0.1 to 50 parts per million of tetralauroyl triethylene tetramine into saidwater, and heating the resulting aqueous dispersion to the boiling point, said tetralauroyl triethylene tetramine functioning to inhibit the tendency of said water to foam on boiling.
LEWIS O. GUNDERSON.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS
Claims (1)
1. THE METHOD OF GENERATING STEAM FROM A BOILER WATER HAVING A TENDENCY TO FOAM ON BOILING WHICH COMPRISES DISPERSING INTO SAID WATER A MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF TRIAUROYL DIETHYLENE TRIAMINE, TETRAUROYL TRIETHYLENE TETRAMINE, TETRAUROYL TETRAETHYLENE PENTAMINE AND PENTACAPROYL TETRAETHYLENE PENTAMINE, AND HEATING THE RESULTING AQUEOUS DISPERSION TO THE BOILING POINT, SAID MATERIAL BEING ADDED IN AN AMOUNT SUFFICIENT SUBSTANTIALLY TO INHIBIT THE TENDENCY OF SAID WATER TO FOAM ON BOILING.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US773078A US2528273A (en) | 1947-09-09 | 1947-09-09 | Method of inhibiting foaming in steam boilers |
| US787845A US2528274A (en) | 1947-09-09 | 1947-11-24 | Amide composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US773078A US2528273A (en) | 1947-09-09 | 1947-09-09 | Method of inhibiting foaming in steam boilers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2528273A true US2528273A (en) | 1950-10-31 |
Family
ID=25097152
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US773078A Expired - Lifetime US2528273A (en) | 1947-09-09 | 1947-09-09 | Method of inhibiting foaming in steam boilers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2528273A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3259586A (en) * | 1960-08-04 | 1966-07-05 | Petrolite Corp | Foam inhibitor |
| WO2006053783A1 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2006-05-26 | Glaxo Group Limited | Amide and peptide derivatives of tetraalkylenepentamines as transfection agents |
| WO2024101396A1 (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2024-05-16 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Repellent agent |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2304805A (en) * | 1938-03-01 | 1942-12-15 | Dearborn Chemicals Co | Method of treating waters including boiler waters and compositions therefor |
| US2328551A (en) * | 1940-04-22 | 1943-09-07 | Dearborn Chemicals Co | Method of conditioning water |
-
1947
- 1947-09-09 US US773078A patent/US2528273A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2304805A (en) * | 1938-03-01 | 1942-12-15 | Dearborn Chemicals Co | Method of treating waters including boiler waters and compositions therefor |
| US2328551A (en) * | 1940-04-22 | 1943-09-07 | Dearborn Chemicals Co | Method of conditioning water |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3259586A (en) * | 1960-08-04 | 1966-07-05 | Petrolite Corp | Foam inhibitor |
| WO2006053783A1 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2006-05-26 | Glaxo Group Limited | Amide and peptide derivatives of tetraalkylenepentamines as transfection agents |
| JP2008520610A (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2008-06-19 | グラクソ グループ リミテッド | Amide and peptide derivatives of tetraalkylenepentamine as transfection agents |
| US20090149401A1 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2009-06-11 | Mariano Javier Castro | Amide and peptide derivatives of tetraalkylenepentamines as transfection agents |
| US7772413B2 (en) | 2004-11-19 | 2010-08-10 | Glaxo Group Limited | Amide and peptide derivatives of tetraalkylenepentamines as transfection agents |
| WO2024101396A1 (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2024-05-16 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Repellent agent |
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