US2520147A - Tunable radio frequency circuits - Google Patents

Description

3 m I 3 I L a 4 5 WE W 1 W TS Y M E m A m 5, a o ,K O 2 6 N W m k A l A O ,L 7 R 4 2 F 29 m l 3T0 w m 2 V. u 4 B m 3 filal m 8 3 Q 3 9 g in a a a 2 Filed June 29, 1948 F C ISELY TUNABLE RADIO FREQUENCY CIRCUITS Aug. 29, 1950 Patented Aug.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE (Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as amended April 30, 1928; 370 O. G. 757) 8 Claims.

The present invention relates to radio frequency circuits of the distributed constant type, and is in particular concerned with the problem of providing an extended tuning ratio for radio frequency circuits operating above 300 megacycles.

Heretofore, a majority of the tunable line controlled radio frequency circuits (distributed constant circuits) have been tuned by varying the physical length of the line. Such tuning methods often require complicated frequency adjusting apparatus which adds both to the physical bulk of the circuit and to the cost of manufacture thereof. Furthermore, such distributed constant circuits that have thus far been provided by the prior art are of such construction that they are not readily adaptable to installations which require ganged or synchronous control of two or more distributed constant circuits.

It is accordingly an object of this invention to provide a distributed constant circuit which readily lends itself to ganged operation with other similar circuits.

It is another object of this invention to provide a distributed constant radio frequency circuit wherein tuning is accomplished by uniformly varying the distributed constants of the circuit.

t is another object of this invention to construct a simple, inexpensive distributed constant circuit offering exceptionally wide range tuning at frequencies above 300 megacycles.

It is still another object of this invention to provide a tunable two conductor radio frequency circuit wherein tuning is accomplished by the rotation of one of the conductors relative to the other.

Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent upon a careful consideration of the following detailed description when taken together with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a partial perspective view showing my invention as applied to a two wire line oscillator.

Fig. 1a is a cross-sectional view of the two wire line illustrated in Fig. 1.

Figs. 2 and 2a show in top elevation and crosssection respectively, an alternate embodiment of my invention.

Fig. 3 is a simplified top elevational view of still another embodiment of my invention.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and la there is i1- lustrated the novel concepts of my invention as applied to one form of line controlled oscillator. This embodiment comprises a single triode vacuum tube component Ill and a two wire line comprising conductors l2 and [3. In accordance with the teachings of this embodiment of the invention, conductors l2 and it are supported at one end in a suitable insulating block II with the spacing between conductors made as small as practical. Conductor i2 is then connected through a conventional sliding contact, not illustrated, to the anode of tube iii. Conductor I3 is directly connected through a suitable resistance capacitance network to the grid of tube lil.

To obtain quarter wave resonance, the ends of conductors l2 and it remote from tube iii are shorted in a suitable metallic end plate H. Alternatively, if half wave resonance is utilized, end plate M is made of insulating material. In either event the line formed by conductors l2 and [3 comprises a grid-anode tank circuit, suitably dimensioned to produce oscillations. In practice, conductors l2 and it are cut to an integral number of quarter wavelengths long at the highest frequency of operation.

For tuning reasons conductor I2 is rotatably journalled in end plates ii and I l with knurled knob l5 being provided to permit manual rotation of conductor l2.

For ease in construction, conductor i2 is preferably, but not necessarily, made from solid cylindrical tubing transversely slotted at uniformly spaced intervals along its length. Conductor I3 is preferably made of rectangular stock with the face thereof adjacent conductor l2 milled to provide a concave surface.

This construction provides a line wherein the distributed capacitance between the conductors l2 and I3 is constant with rotation of conductor IE, but the distributed inductance is variable with rotation of the conductor i2. lhis characteristic arises by virtue of the fact that the fringe capacity between the teeth it; of the slot ed portion of conductor l2 and conductor I3 is essentially equal to the distributed capacity between the solid portion of conductor l2 and conductor 13. Thus the distributed capacity of the line will remain the same with rotation of conductor l2.

The mutual inductance between conductors l2 and I3, however, varies with the spacing between the solid portion of conductor l2 and conductor l3. Accordingly, as conductor i2 is rotated the distributed capacity between conductors remains constant while the mutual inductance between these conductors varies, it being a maximum in the position illustrated in Fig. 1a. In this conditiointhe resonant frequency of the line section is at a maximum; Rotation of conductor I2 What is claimed is:

1. A tunable distributed constant radio frequency circuit comprising a pair of substantially coextensive conductors disposed in mutual paral lelism, one of said conductors being rotatable relative to the other about an axis parallel to said other, said one of said conductors further being provided with a series of transverse slots extending partially around the surface thereof.

2. A tunable distributed constant radio frequency circuit comprising a pair of substantially coextensive conductors disposed in mutual parallelism, each of said conductors being an integral number of electrical quarter waveiengths long at the highest frequency of operation of the circuit, one of said conductors being rotatable relative to the other about an axis parallel to said other, said one of said conductors further being provided with a series of transverse slots extending partially around the surface thereof.

3. A tunable distributed constant radio frequency circuit comprising a pair of substantially coextensive conductors disposed in mutual parallelism, one of said conductors being rotatable relative to the other about an axis parallel to said other, said one of said conductors further being provided with a series of transverse slots of uniform width and spacing formed over the length thereof, said slots extending only partially around the surface of said one conductor.

4. A tunable distributed constant radio frequency circuit comprising a pair of substantially coextensive conductors disposed in mutual parallelism, each of said conductors being an integral number of electrical quarter wavelengths lon at the highest frequency of operation of the circuit, one of said conductors being rotatable relative to the other about an axis parallel to said other, said one of said conductors further being provided with a series of transverse slots of uniform width and spacing formed over the length thereof, said slots extending only partially around the surface of said one conductor.

5. A tunable distributed constant radio frequency circuit comprising a pair of cylindrical conductors of different diameters, the smaller conductor being disposed within the other and substantially coextensive therewith, thereby forming an assembly comprising inner and outer conductors, said inner conductor being rotatable relative to the other about an axis parallel to said outer conductor, said inner conductor bein further provided with a series of transverse slots extending partially around the surface thereof.

6. A tunable distributed constant radio frequency circuit comprising a pair of cylindrical conductors of diiferent diameters, the smaller conductor being disposed within the other and substantially coextensive therewith, thereby forming an assembly comprisin inner and outer conductors, said inner conductor being disposed off-axis from said outer conductor and rotatable about an axis which passes therethrough, said inner conductor being further provided with a series of transverse slots extending partially around the surface thereof.

7. A tunable distributed constant radio frequency circuit comprising a pair of cylindrical conductors of different diameters, the smaller conductor being disposed within the other and substantially coextensive therewith, thereby forming an assembly comprising inner and outer conductors, said inner conductor being disposed off-axis from said outer conductor and rotatable about an axis which passes therethrough, said inner conductor being further provided with a series of transverse slots of uniform width and spacing formed therein, said slots extendin only partially around the surface of said inner conductor.

8. A tunable distributed constant radio frequency circuit comprising a pair of cylindrical conductors of different diameters, the smaller conductor being disposed within the other and substantially coextensive therewith, each of said conductors being an integral member of electrical wavelengths long at the highest frequency of operation of the circuit, the inner conductor ing disposed off-axis from the outer conductor and rotatable about an axis which passes therethrough, said inner conductor being further provided with a series of transverse slots of uniform width and spacing formed therein, said slots extending only partially around the surface of said inner conductor.

FRANK C. ISELY.

REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Edenburg Dec. 7, 1926 Number

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