US2519580A - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

1950 c. H. KITTLESON 2,519,586

COMPRESSOR Filed Jan. 13, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet l FIG.|

INVENTOR: CASPER H. KITTLESON waw ATT'YS Aug. 22, 1950 c. H. KITTLESON 2,519,

COMPRESSOR Filed Jan. 15, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. CASPER H. KITTLESON 4.84. xQMJJw a.

AIT'YS Patented Aug. 22,1950

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 8 Claims.

. This invention relates to improvements in compressors and especially to compressors having a motor cooperatively incorporated therein to form a unitary structure.

The main objects of this invention are to provide a new and improved compressor unit wherein a motor for actuating the pistons is cooperatively incorporated therein; to provide a device of this character having means for reciprocating the pistons and preventing any rotational motion thereof; to provide in a device of this character a pair of axially aligned pistons suitably connected together and having an axially aligned bore extending from the head of one piston to the head of the other piston; to provide a device of this character wherein the piston connector is provided with a plurality of oppositely directed spaced cylindrical cam grooves disposed equiangularly about the circumference of the connector; to provide a device of this character having axially and angularly spaced followers adapted to ride in the aforesaid cam grooves; and to provide a device of this character which is relatively simple in construction and operation and more efiicient than compressors now in use.

A specific embodiment of this invention is shown in the accompanying drawings in which: V Figure 1 is a vertical cross sectional view of the device of my invention.

'Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on the line i-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an end View taken on the line 55 of Fig. l.

Referring in detail to the drawings, the device of the present invention comprises a housing generally indicated by a numeral I made up of two cylindrical outer walls or casings 2 and 3.

respectively, each having a series of laterally extending perforated ears 4 and 5 respectively, whereby the casing wall members 2 and 3 may be bolted together by a series of bolts 6. The casing walls 2 and 3 are each provided with end plates 1 and 1' respectively, which end plates are suitably bolted to the endsof the outer casing walls 2 and 3 by a series of bolts 8. The outer casing wall 3 is provided with an annular coolant chamber 9, the purpose of which will be hereinafter more full described.

' .An annular field winding I0 is securely anchored to the inner face of the casing walls 2 and 3 medially of the outer ends thereof, as is clearly shown in 1 of the drawings.

The rotor H is provided with an armature l2 suitably positioned. in the usual manner adjacent the field winding 15, the peripheral side edges of the armature i2 is provided with laterally extending, diagonally shaped members l3 which are arranged to seat in complementary shaped annular grooves contained in the rotor l I as clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

A ring M is anchored to the rotor i i by means of a bracket ring !5 and an inwardly projecting flange-like member I5 on the rotor I l and bolts I 6 and It so that the ring M will be rigidly secured to the rotor l l and rotate therewith. The i4 is provided with a pair of axially and angularly spaced followers i! and I1 each comprising a block it, a machine bolt l8 which is adapted for threaded engagement in the ring !4 and adapted to extend through the block l8, a roller l9 posittioned adjacent the block H by the headed. end of the bolt Ill.

The rotor is supported in the housing by a series of suitable bearings 2E and 2! respectively.

The end plates '5 and. '1' respectively, are each provided with inwardly extending annular member 22 and 23 respectively, which members form the cylinder walls.

. ference of the connector sleeve 2'5, into which the respective rollers id of the followers I7 and ll ride to effect reciprocating motion to the double ended piston.

The pistons 2.4 and 25 and their connector member 25 are provided with an axially aligned bore which extends completely through from the head of one piston to the head of the opposite iston to form a duct.

The cylinder wall 22 is provided with an inwardly extending flange member 32 which is rigidly secured to the free end of the cylinder wall 22 by means of bolts 33 whereby to provide an anchor or seat for a plurality of radially spaced longitudinally extending rods 3 35, 35 and 3! respectively, which rods may be threaded, press fitted or otherwise rigidly secured to the flange member 32 as will be apparent from Fig. 1 of the drawings. These rods, 34 to El respectively, extend toward the piston 24 and the terminal ends are adapted to seat in suitable cooperating inwardly extending bores 38 in the lower or bottom wall of the piston 24 as is clearly shown in Fig. 1. The bores 38 are provided with suitable oilite bushings 39. The rods or pins 34 to 3! respectively, are provided for the purpose of preventing oscillation of the pistons 24 and 25 upon stroke of the pistons in their respective cylinders because the pistons are driven by the action of the followers I! and l 1' which rotate with the rotor and transmit movement of the pistons through the cam grooves 29 and 30. Under such conditions the pistons would tend to oscillate except for the pins 34 to 31 respectively. The pistons of this construction will now reciprocate only.

The housing I is also provided with a series of radial cooling fins 40 for the purpose of dissipating heat in the housing I.

In addition to utilizing the fins to for cooling the housing I and dissipating heat, I have also provided an arrangement whereby the refrigeration gas may also be circulated through the device to additionally dissipate the heat. I provide an inlet conduit 6| extending between the inlet port 4| of the coolant chamber 9 and the T fitting 32 which is in turn connected to the return conduit :33 coming from the refrigeration system. The gas is drawn into the coolant chamber 9 on the suction stroke of the piston 2 3' and simultaneously drawn out of the chamber 9 at a diametrically opposite exhaust port 4% through conduit 45 to the service valve it; and into the cylinder 25. When the piston 25 is on the suction side of its stroke, the valve will automatically open in the usual and customary manner, drawing in the gas from both the conduits 33 and'45 and passes in the duct 3|. At the same time some of the gas will blow by the piston 25, that is, it seeps between the cylinder walls 22 of the piston 24 and flows into all the open spaces in the inside chamber of the housing. If the pressure of the gas in the inside chamber of the housing is greater than the pressure of the gas in the chamber 9, the pressure regulator or relief valve 46' opens and allows the gas in the rotor to flow into the coolant chamber 9, thereby equalizing the pressure within the inside chamber of the housing and the coolant chamber 9 at all times to prevent the forming of high back pressure in the inside chamber of the housing.

The device is also provided with suitable valving means M, such as wafer type valves for closing the exhaust ends of duct 31 in the piston 25 and valving means 43, of the usual wafer type, in the exhaust port 48 located in the end plate "5 and the compression stroke of the piston 25, whereby upon the suction stroke of the piston 25 the valve 41 will open and allow the gas in the duct 3! to flow into the cylinder 23. The valve d9 is closed during this cycle. Upon the compression stroke of piston 35 the valve t'll will close and the valve '39 will open thereby forcing the gas under pressure outwardly through the exhaust port 48 where it is directed by a suitable conduit 59 to the usual condenser (not shown). When the piston 25 is on its compression stroke, the piston 2 will be on the suction side of its stroke. During the suction stroke of piston 24 the valve means 41' will be closed and the valve means 49' will be opened to draw the refrigerant from conduits 43 and 45 into the cylinder chamber 24'. Similarly the service valve 46 will be opened. On the compression side of the stroke of piston 24, the valves 41 and 4? will be opened to allow-the refrigerant in chamber 24' to flow into the duct 3| and simultaneously the valves 49 and 49 will be closed. I

- The service valves 46 and 46" located at both ends of the housing adjacent the inlet and outlet sides of the compressor are of the usual common type in everyday use and detailed explanation is believed to be unnecessary.

The annular wall 2 of the housing I is also provided with a wire inlet 5| comprising a bushing 52 and an insulator member 53 through which the usual electrical wires pass connecting the motor winding 10 to a source of current.

It will also be apparent, depending entirely upon the size of the unit as a whole, and the amount of gas to be forced to the refrigerating system, that in the event a larger sized motor compressor is desired, it would, of course, be more practical to employ 4, 6 or 8 cam grooves and suitable cooperating followers, and it is to be understood that although only two followers have been fully disclosed herein that the invention is adapted to be enlarged by additional followers being put in and employed without departing from the spirit of the invention. Numerous details of the construction shown may be altered or omitted without departing from the spirit of this invention as defined by the following claims.

I claim: I

1. In a device of the class described, a housing having a field winding, a rotor operatively associated therewith having an armature, a stationary cylinder block axially mounted in said housing, a

pair of axially aligned spaced cylinders in said on said connector means, roller means rigidly secured at one end to said rotor and the opposite end adapted to seat'in said track groove, and means on saidcylinder block cooperatively associated with one of said pistons whereby upon rotationof said rotor said pistons will reciprocate only.

v 2. In a' device of the class described, a housing having a field winding, a rotor operatively associated therewith having an armature, a stationary cylinder block axially mounted in said housing, a pair of axially aligned spaced cylinders in said cylinder block, a double acting piston member comprising a pair of opposed and connect-ed piston heads, each piston disposed in a respective cylinder, a pair of oppositely directed cam tracks on said piston'member positioned medially oi said pistons and disposed equi-angularly about the circumference thereof, a pair of axially and angularly spaced followers rigidly secured to said rotor,

- the free end of each of said followers disposed in respective cam tracks whereby to impart movement to said pistons upon rotation of said rotor, and means to restrain said pistons to reciproeating movement only. t

3, In a device of the class described, a housing having afield winding, a rotor operatively asso ciated therewith having an armature, a stationary cylinder block axially mounted in said housing, a pair of axially aligned spaced cylinders in said cylinder block, a double acting piston member comprising a pair of opposed and connected piston heads, each piston ,disposedin a respective cylinder, a pluralit of oppositely directed cam tracks on said piston member positioned medially of said pistons and disposed equiangularly about the circumference thereof, a plurality of axially and angularly spaced followers rigidly secured to said rotor, the free end of each of said followers disposed in respective cam tracks whereby to impart movement to said pistons upon rotation of said rotor, and means to restrain said pistons to reciprocating movement only.

4. The device according to claim 2 wherein said restraining means is cooperatively associated with said pistons and said cylinder block.

5. The device according to claim 2 wherein said last mentioned means comprises a rigid member cooperatively associated with one of said pistons and corresponding cylinder wall whereby to prevent oscillation of said iston member.

6. The device according to claim 2 including a cooling chamber within said housing, relief means disposed between said chamber and the interior of said housing whereby to prevent formation of high back pressures within said housing by refrigerant which blow by said cylinders, and means to circulate the refrigerant in said cooling chamher.

7. A motor compressor unit comprising a housing, a field winding positioned adjacent the inner periphery of said housing, a pair of end plates for said housing each having an inwardly projecting portion forming a cylinder block and having a cylinder therein, a rotor having an armature cooperatively associated with said winding, a plurality of bearing members on said cylinder block for spacing said rotor therefrom, an annular ring rigidly secured to said rotor, a pair of axially and angularly spaced follower members rigidly secured to and extending radially from said ring, a pair of opposed, rigidly interconnected pistons, said pistons being disposed in respective cylinders, a pair of oppositely directed cam tracks, disposed. equiangularly about the circumference of the member connecting said pistons, the free ends of said follower members being disposed in respective cam tracks, whereby upon rotation of said rotor movement will be imparted to said pistons, and rigid means cooperatively disposed between said pistons and said cylinder block and connected thereto to prevent rotational movement of said pistons.

8. A device according to claim 7 including an annular cooling chamber in said housing and means to prevent high back pressures from forming in said housing, said means being arranged to provide communication with said cooling chamber.

CASPER H. KITTLESON.

No references cited.

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