US2517269A - Serpentine spring - Google Patents
Serpentine spring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2517269A US2517269A US658166A US65816646A US2517269A US 2517269 A US2517269 A US 2517269A US 658166 A US658166 A US 658166A US 65816646 A US65816646 A US 65816646A US 2517269 A US2517269 A US 2517269A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- spring
- serpentine
- stock
- serpentine spring
- sections
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 title description 15
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F45/00—Wire-working in the manufacture of other particular articles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a serpentine spring, and the primary object of the invention is to produce such a spring which, when supported against distortion out of its plane of intended expansive and contractible movement, will respond with high uniformity to forces exerted against it in that plane, and will be stronger than previously-know serpentine springs produced from stock of corresponding size.
- a further object of the invention is to improve the action, strength, and life of serpentine springs.
- l is a plan view of a serpentine spring constructed in accordance with my invention and mounted in a suitable supporting guide;
- Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmental perspective view of a spring constructed in accordance with my invention.
- Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken substantially on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2.
- Serpentine springs are ordinarily formed by merely bending wire or bar stock of any suitable uniform cross-sectional contour, into serpentine U shape comprising a series of alternately reversely placed portions of generally U-shape.
- Such springs, so formed are quite unreliable because of the unavoidable lack of uniformity of resistance of the curved portions of the U bases to forces applied in the direction of length of the spring.
- This variability of resistance is due, of course, to the varying relation of the axis of the spring stock to the line of application of force, as the stock progresses around the curve.
- the leverage effect of such force, applied to incrementally successive portions of the spring stock varies unavoidably. This condition makes for lack of reliability in service, and frequently results in rupture of springs so formed.
- transverse dimension of the spring stock in the plane of expansive and contractible movement of the spring, to produce maximum spring stiffness at the bases of the U sections, and minimum stiffness at the median portions of the arms of the U sections.
- transverse dimension is increased gradually and substantially uniformly from the mid point of each arm to the middle of each adjacent U base, though some of the advantages of my invention can be attained even if the transition from a minimum dimension to a maximum is sudden.
- my invention can best be practiced by first forming a serpentine from temperable rod of uniform (preferably round) cross-section. Now pressure is applied to the U sections on either side of the median plane of the serpentine, preferably at slight (and opposite) angles converging toward said median plane, to produce the sloping surfaces I0 and II on the upper surfaces of each U and the corresponding sloping surfaces I2 and 13 on the lower surfaces thereof. Thereby, the metal of the stock is caused to flow outwardly in the plane of the serpentine to increase the lateral width of the stock gradually from a minimum at the midpoints M of the arms 15 thereof to a maximum at the midpoints 16 of the bases thereof.
- any variation in the lateral dimension of the stock from which the serpentine is formed, whereby that lateral dimension is greater in the bases of the U sections than in the arms thereof, will improve the action, reliability and life of a serpentine spring; and I do not wish to be limited to specific variations.
- opitimum conditions to be indicated by the following example: If the rod is initially 0.150" in diameter, uniform distortions throughout the length of the spring under lengthwise compression will occur if the thickness at the points It is reduced, in the manner described, to 0.075 while the thickness at the points 14 remains 0.150.
- a serpentine spring comprising a series of successively reversely positioned U sections, the transverse dimension of each such section, .in the median plane common to the bases and legs of all such sections, being a maximum at the midpoint of its base and diminishing gradually to a minimum at the midpoints of its arms.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Description
aim
C. V. WOLFE +k. Mm
SERPENTINE SPRING Filed March 29, 1946 Au 1, 195m INVENTOR. Char/es ZZ VVb/fe, BY:
ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 1, 1950 UNITED SERPENTINE SPRING Charles V. lNolfe, Kndianapolis, Ind, assignor to E. C. Atkins and Company, Indianapolis, Ind.,
a corporation of Indiana Appiication March 29, 1946, Serial No. 658,166
1 Claim. 1
The present invention relates to a serpentine spring, and the primary object of the invention is to produce such a spring which, when supported against distortion out of its plane of intended expansive and contractible movement, will respond with high uniformity to forces exerted against it in that plane, and will be stronger than previously-know serpentine springs produced from stock of corresponding size. A further object of the invention is to improve the action, strength, and life of serpentine springs.
To the accomplishment of the above and related objects, my invention may be embodied in the form illustrated in the accompanying drawings, attention being called to the fact, however, that the drawings are illustrative only, and that change may be made in the specific construetion illustrated and described, so long as the scope of the appended claim is not violated.
l is a plan view of a serpentine spring constructed in accordance with my invention and mounted in a suitable supporting guide;
Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmental perspective view of a spring constructed in accordance with my invention; and
Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken substantially on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2.
Serpentine springs are ordinarily formed by merely bending wire or bar stock of any suitable uniform cross-sectional contour, into serpentine U shape comprising a series of alternately reversely placed portions of generally U-shape. Such springs, so formed, are quite unreliable because of the unavoidable lack of uniformity of resistance of the curved portions of the U bases to forces applied in the direction of length of the spring. This variability of resistance is due, of course, to the varying relation of the axis of the spring stock to the line of application of force, as the stock progresses around the curve. Thus the leverage effect of such force, applied to incrementally successive portions of the spring stock varies unavoidably. This condition makes for lack of reliability in service, and frequently results in rupture of springs so formed.
I have found that the above-mentioned weakness and unreliability can be overcome by varying the transverse dimension of the spring stock, in the plane of expansive and contractible movement of the spring, to produce maximum spring stiffness at the bases of the U sections, and minimum stiffness at the median portions of the arms of the U sections. Ideally, such transverse dimension is increased gradually and substantially uniformly from the mid point of each arm to the middle of each adjacent U base, though some of the advantages of my invention can be attained even if the transition from a minimum dimension to a maximum is sudden.
According to my present belief, my invention can best be practiced by first forming a serpentine from temperable rod of uniform (preferably round) cross-section. Now pressure is applied to the U sections on either side of the median plane of the serpentine, preferably at slight (and opposite) angles converging toward said median plane, to produce the sloping surfaces I0 and II on the upper surfaces of each U and the corresponding sloping surfaces I2 and 13 on the lower surfaces thereof. Thereby, the metal of the stock is caused to flow outwardly in the plane of the serpentine to increase the lateral width of the stock gradually from a minimum at the midpoints M of the arms 15 thereof to a maximum at the midpoints 16 of the bases thereof.
Any variation in the lateral dimension of the stock from which the serpentine is formed, whereby that lateral dimension is greater in the bases of the U sections than in the arms thereof, will improve the action, reliability and life of a serpentine spring; and I do not wish to be limited to specific variations. However, for purposes of illustration, it may be said that I now consider opitimum conditions to be indicated by the following example: If the rod is initially 0.150" in diameter, uniform distortions throughout the length of the spring under lengthwise compression will occur if the thickness at the points It is reduced, in the manner described, to 0.075 while the thickness at the points 14 remains 0.150.
I claim as my invention:
A serpentine spring comprising a series of successively reversely positioned U sections, the transverse dimension of each such section, .in the median plane common to the bases and legs of all such sections, being a maximum at the midpoint of its base and diminishing gradually to a minimum at the midpoints of its arms.
CHARLES V. WOLFE.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
' UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 345,767 Buckley July 20, 1886 1,893,098 Murray Jan. 3, 1933 2,202,301 Probst May 28, 1940
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US658166A US2517269A (en) | 1946-03-29 | 1946-03-29 | Serpentine spring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US658166A US2517269A (en) | 1946-03-29 | 1946-03-29 | Serpentine spring |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2517269A true US2517269A (en) | 1950-08-01 |
Family
ID=24640174
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US658166A Expired - Lifetime US2517269A (en) | 1946-03-29 | 1946-03-29 | Serpentine spring |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2517269A (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2705632A (en) * | 1950-07-15 | 1955-04-05 | American Metal Prod | Sinuous type of spring construction |
US4919403A (en) * | 1986-10-07 | 1990-04-24 | Proprietary Technology, Inc. | Serpentine strip spring |
US6168584B1 (en) | 1992-06-12 | 2001-01-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Spacers for use in disposable absorbent articles and disposable absorbent articles having such spacers |
EP1100656A1 (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2001-05-23 | American Safety Razor Company | Automatic spring retractable utility knife |
US20060278349A1 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-14 | Han-Sen Lee | Space adjusting self centering end cap |
US20080145713A1 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-19 | Connor Eric J | Fuel cell compression retention system using planar strips |
EP2312095A3 (en) * | 2009-10-05 | 2011-10-12 | Hörmann KG Verkaufsgesellschaft | Spring, positioning device, lock and folding door |
CN104565154A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-04-29 | 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 | Snake-shaped spring |
USD907465S1 (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2021-01-12 | Gen-Probe Incorporated | Serpentine retainer spring for a receptacle rack |
USD907987S1 (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2021-01-19 | Gen-Probe Incorporated | Serpentine retainer spring for a receptacle rack |
US11433517B2 (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2022-09-06 | Kabo Tool Company | Torque wrench with elastic member |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US345767A (en) * | 1886-07-20 | William buckley | ||
US1893098A (en) * | 1930-03-22 | 1933-01-03 | William A Murray Spring Compan | Spring seat |
US2202301A (en) * | 1938-11-28 | 1940-05-28 | Karl K Probst | Leaf spring construction |
-
1946
- 1946-03-29 US US658166A patent/US2517269A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US345767A (en) * | 1886-07-20 | William buckley | ||
US1893098A (en) * | 1930-03-22 | 1933-01-03 | William A Murray Spring Compan | Spring seat |
US2202301A (en) * | 1938-11-28 | 1940-05-28 | Karl K Probst | Leaf spring construction |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2705632A (en) * | 1950-07-15 | 1955-04-05 | American Metal Prod | Sinuous type of spring construction |
US4919403A (en) * | 1986-10-07 | 1990-04-24 | Proprietary Technology, Inc. | Serpentine strip spring |
US6168584B1 (en) | 1992-06-12 | 2001-01-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Spacers for use in disposable absorbent articles and disposable absorbent articles having such spacers |
EP1100656A1 (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2001-05-23 | American Safety Razor Company | Automatic spring retractable utility knife |
EP1100656A4 (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2003-01-02 | American Safety Razor | Automatic spring retractable utility knife |
US20060278349A1 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-14 | Han-Sen Lee | Space adjusting self centering end cap |
US20080145713A1 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-19 | Connor Eric J | Fuel cell compression retention system using planar strips |
US8053134B2 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2011-11-08 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Fuel cell compression retention system using planar strips |
EP2312095A3 (en) * | 2009-10-05 | 2011-10-12 | Hörmann KG Verkaufsgesellschaft | Spring, positioning device, lock and folding door |
CN104565154A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-04-29 | 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 | Snake-shaped spring |
US11433517B2 (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2022-09-06 | Kabo Tool Company | Torque wrench with elastic member |
USD907465S1 (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2021-01-12 | Gen-Probe Incorporated | Serpentine retainer spring for a receptacle rack |
USD907987S1 (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2021-01-19 | Gen-Probe Incorporated | Serpentine retainer spring for a receptacle rack |
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