US2516175A - Chain breaker-plate feed structure for rotary crushers - Google Patents

Description

July 25, 1950 c. M. BINDNER CHAIN BREAKER-PLATE FEED-STRUCTURE FOR ROTARY CRUSHERS 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 8, 1947 C. CHAIN BREAKER-PLATE FEED-STRUCTURE July 25, 1950 M. BINDNER FOR ROTARY CRUSHERS '4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 8, 1947 E MN L E! L Q Q NOE July 25, 1950 c. M. BINDNER 2,516,175

CHAIN BREAKER-PLATE FEED-STRUCTURE FOR ROTARY CRUSHERS Filed March 8, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 July 25, 1950 c. M. BINDNER CHAIN BREAKER-PLATE FEED-STRUCTURE FOR ROTARY CRUSHERS 4 sheets-s eet 4 Filed March 8, 1947 Patented July '25, 1950 REAKERQLATETEEED srnoormmr: FOR ROTARY censuses 1 Charles M. Bindner, Normandy, M0,, assignor to Dixie Machinery Manufacturing Company, St.

, Louis, Mo., a corporation of Missouri ApplicationMarch S, 1947,sena1.1-m.r32,337

eoiaims. (o1. ail-res.

' This invention relates to rotary crushers, and more particularly to rotary hammer crushers for crushing stone and similar materials, and is an improvement upon "the crusher disclosed in Patent No. 1,605,181.

Among the several objects of the' invention may be "noted the provisionoi anim-proved chain breaker-plate feed-structure for crushers of the rotary hammer type with'movable and adjustable breaker plates for crushing materials to consistently finer and morenniform sizes than heretofore feasible; the provision of a structure of the class describedwhereinfthe moving chain breaker-plate is more positively held in a straight-run alignment between "platen and cage parts below the impact'region so as better to withstand without distortion the severe impact of the hammersj and' alsofto prevent escape of improperly crushed'material; and the provision of a crusher having the above desirable features which is economical to-construct in a rugged form and which has long life. Other objects will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the elernents and combinationsof elements, features of construction, and arrangementsof parts which will be exemplified in the structures hereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings-in which one of various possible embodiments of the invention is illustrated,

Fig. 1 is a side elevationtof the crusher, excepting its flywheel, being "taken on line -l--l of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on line 2- 2 01' Fig. 1, the central rotary parts being omitted, better to illustrate the invention;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section takenon'line 3-3 of Fig. '2, but illustratinglane rotary parts in position; 1

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan view of the base of the machine, being taken on line 4-4 of Fig. and,

Fig. 5 is a verticaldetail section taken on line 5..5 ofFig.4-..

.Similar reference characters 'l-ndi-cateoorresponding parts throughout theseveral views of the drawings. f

The crusher shown :in Patent 1,605,181 is -suba'ect to some disadvantages in that amountsof improperly graded materials -may" pass "out of the crushing chamber without havingpassed through its" case bars; is because under some circumstances a substantial gap for the escape or material occurs between theends of the cagebar section and the curved portion of the breaker plate where .it passes over the lower sprockets. Furthermore, in the patented structure an essentially cantilever, rather than a beam type .of support for the backing plate serves to provide the reaction against crushing forces, and a beam type of support is preferable.

By means of thepresen't invention the backing platefor thermovable breakers responds to crushing forcesdas a simple sturdy beam. Also, the arrangement between the ends of the cage-bar section is in a more advantageous position both with respect to the movable breaker plates and the backing plate, thereby preventing undesirable passage ofimproperly crushed material;

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 1,, there is shown at numeral 1 .a base which, as shown in Fig. 3, is in the form of a hollow horizontal frame-like foundation or bed having front and back walls" 3 and side walls 5 (see also Fig. 2).

Upon the bed I is a superstructure 1 consisting ofyside walls 9 from which extend lateral supports II for bearings 13. The superstructure has a front wall ,l5 in which is an openable door 1'1; The rear of the superstructure '1 is generally open, which provides an inlet l9 at the top. Behind the inlet 19 and enclosing the back of the superstructure is a movable breaker plate assembly indicated generally at numeral 2 I. This assembly will be described in detail below. i .Supportedln the bearings 1.31 asha ft .23 carrying an outside flywheel 2. Upon shaft 2.3 .are keyed "the usual discs 2'5 for. supporting swinging hammers vll! on pivots '29. Additional openings 3| are provided on variable centers for adjustably positioning the pivots 29 so that the radii of the hammer action may be changedirom time to time as desired. Further details oi these hammer supports are unnecessary, being known. The inside of the superstructure '1 is suitably lined-by means of wear plates shown but not indexed in detail, since the provision oi such wear plates is also known.

On the insides of the side walls 9 are bolted areuate shelves 33 for supporting along the peripheries of the hammers lateral cagebar sections 3-5 and $5. The last cage-bar section 35 (at the left in Fig. 3 is or special form. "This section, instead of being open as are the sections 35, may be-solid and is formed at its upper rearward edge as.v cuteangle 31,. The significance of this will-lap r below.

I Detailed reference will now be made to the breaker plate assembly 2|. Between the side walls 9 is pivoted a backing platen 39, which has suitable side ribs 4| and cross ribs 43. This platen is pivoted on an upper crossbolt or shaft 45 which passes through the side walls 9. In the side ribs 4| are elongate openings 4'! for the reception ofround supporting bars or cross-shafts 49 and 5|. 'These' bars also}? respectively pass through elongate horizontal openings 53 formed in the side walls 9. It will therefore be seen that if the bars 49 are adjusted forward or backward, the angular position of the'platen 39;.willbejadjusted accordingly, with the crossblt45 as" a" pivot center.

'[he spanner formed in parts attached to the lower bed I. The bearings carry threaded stems I95 passing through openings III], by means of which they along the elongate openings 53, it is causedltos-x pass through eyes 55 in the rear endsof upper H tension bars or straps 51.

9 and within the respective bearings I3. At their front ends, the bars 5] are formed as round bolts 59, passing through openings BI in lugs .83.

.The latter are attached to extension pads 65 from ends and provided with lock nut adjusting nuts 13"for adjusting purposes.

From the above "it will be clear that by loosening the lock nuts 61 and [3, the tension members 51 and II may be movedback'andforth to adjust the angular position 'of platen .39.

Pivote d outside of the sides '9 and to the upper 'bolt '45 are adjustingside' arms 'I5. 'The pivoting collars for this. purpose .are"jshown at, I1. {I'he bolt 45 is threaded outside of the collarjI'I for the reception vof lock nut.|9,'whereby, after an adjust p ent of the arms 1 ,.theck nut is ma be tight e'ned to aid in holdingthe adjustment by reaeti against the sides 9'. At 1 8| these side arms are provided with relatively large opening's 83 loosely to'accommodate the cross-shaft '49. lWhere the press-shaft, emerges from the openings 33, it is threaded andprovided withoutside lock nuts 85 having spannerwrench openings 86. Between the arms 15 and sides 9 are the eyes 55. Thus by tightening the nuts 85 thebar 49 m y be put into tension, thus clamping the side arms 15." against the eyes 55, forcing the latter against the sides 9 of the superstructure and. aiding the tension members 57 in .holdingfthe 'bar 49. Thus the shaft, 49 is heldin properadjusted position to support the backing platen 39., r, I At a lower elevation .the arms I5 areprovided with additional elongate openingsa'l, which have These straps"respec-' tively pass forward outside of the respective sides accurately-machined pads9'8 engaging the lower bar 5|. The arms I5 are adjustedin position .bY adjusting the position of 1bar 5I from rods II. It will benoted from Fig. Z-that washers 89 are employed directly inside of the arms I5 at shaft 5| Outside of the arms I5 .at.this pointare the eyes 59 of the rods I I. ,Ou'tsi deof these eyes the shaft 5| isprovided with spanner nuts .9-I wherebyon opposite sides of the machine, the washers 89, arms |5 andieyes 69may be squeezed towardsthe respective sides 9, thus tightly: clamping the shaft 5!; and h s ms 5 .5. C am n fleqt ma ybe locked hymeans of lock nuts I09. The

formed with pockets I I4 (see Fig. 4) to cooperate with the sprocket teeth. 'One reach II9 of the breaker chain extends upward over the front faceof the backing.platen 39. The other reach IZ I extends upward behind the platen. The upper .end of the chain passes over wheels I23 located upon an upper shaft I25. Shaft I25 is carried in bearings {27. The bearings I21 slide in sloping guidesf |29Iat the upper rear part of thesuperstructure I; The positions of these bearings are adjusted by means of adjusting studs I3| threaded through them.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 3, it-will be seen that the acute angled portion 31 of the cage-bar section 35 lies more or less tangent to the section of the forward reach of the chain of ibre aker plates III where the plates have a, straight-line motion and where they are well supported by a portion of the backing platen 39, that is, opposite to the holding bar 5| and above the lower sprockets II3. On the inner faces of the sides 9 are guide strips I33 which overhang the ends of the breaker plates. .These strips I33 at'their lower ends are curved in a tangent relationship with respect to the member 35, as shownat I35. The strips are adjustable in position as indicated at slotted connections IZIIi.

Theycavoidclogging at. the ends of the breaker plates. II'|. 1f V Operation is as follows: f

Theshaft 23 is rotated from a suitable prime mover coupledat 4, the flywheel 2 keeping the action steady. The hammers then rotate anticlockwise (Fig. 3). The. lower sprocket shaftIII is slowlydriven by means of a, separate drive coupled at 5. The chain of breaker plates moves in the direction shown bythe arrow in Fig. 3. The hammers perform the initial main crushing operation on the raw material at region C, which .isabove the .lowerbar 5| and below bar 49. Thus the backing platen 39 is strongly supported above and below this region C. This makes an extremely rigid construction, since the primary crushing region of the chain I I! issupported by the backing platen 39 as qa simple beam; Furthermore, thisprimary crushing region C is at a substantial distance from the lower, sprocket H3, thus assuringthatthe breaker plate chain at this region is-not in a loose condition of approach to ;the sprockets 3; Also, by having the shaft II I-,; sprockets H 3: and bearings 99 down in the bed pbrtion .I,.there is-, ample space between the aerate-2s sprockets and the primary 'icriishing portion C for the .best arrangementof the sharply angled adjacent to the lower sprockets 3. The un- I steady action of the chain of breaker plates at lithis point without a member-such as.33, .has allowed the escape of a substantial amount of material, which is avoided by means of the present construction.

After operation has continued a substantial period of time, the breaker plates of course wear. In order to take up the increased opening which might occur at point 31, adjustments may be made. These are brought about as follows:

Nuts 85, 91, 61, l3, l9 and I09 are loosened. The adjusting bar members 51 and H are drawn forward a proper amount which causes simultaneous swinging of the backing platen 39 and the breaker chain I ll. It will be noted that adjusting motion of the shafts 49 and 5! not only adjusts the platen, but also the arms '15 which control the position of shaft ill. This in turn keeps the position of the chain of plates i H in proper relation to the platen 39. The pads 88 and 95 maintain an accurate relationship between the shafts 5i and III. Therefore the platen 39 and the chain of breaker plates H! are accurately related. It may be noted that the openings 83 in the arms are substantially larger than the diameter of bar 49. This is because in rugged apparatus of this type it would be impracticable to maintain the requisite accuracy between three sets of pads of the nature of pads 88 and 95.

After the proper adjustments have been made, all of the said nuts 85, 9!, H19, 61, i9 and 13 are locked tightly so as positively to hold all of the parts in their adjusted positions.

It should be noted in connection with the bars 49 and 5| that they are strongly held in definite positions by the clamping actions of the nuts 85 and 91 of various parts against the sides 9. In the case of bar 59 these parts are the arms 15, and eyes 55. In the case of shaft 5|, these parts are the eyes 69, arms 15 and spacer washers 89.

In view of the above, it will be clear that material which is introduced into the machine at opening 19 is initially crushed at the well-supported region C. That part of it that is small enough passes out through the cage-bar sections 35. Any that is too large is sent around through successive cycles of the hammers 21? until it is crushed down to the size that will pass the cage bars 35. The properly sized and crushed material emerging from the bars 35 drops down through the hollow bed i into a suitable outlet.

It will be seen that, of the group of cage bars 35 and 36, the end bar 36 extends to a point of tangent cooperation between the hammers 41 and the chain of breaker plates I Hi. This bar 36 being of wedge form as shown at 3'1, with one side lying along the chain of breaker plates and the other side extending just outside the paths of the hammers as they leave the tangent region, substantially prevents escape of material at this point and inhibits clogging, acting somewhat as a scraper with respect to the breaker plates. Also, the fact that the chain of breaker plates is backed up by the lower extension of the platen 39 just under the bar 36 on all sides, constrains the paths of the breaker plates as they leave the tangent region. Thus the favorable conditions Heretofore, the last cage 'bar has been other advantageous results attained. .o'As many changes could be made in the lofezinitia'l adjustments are positively maintained lover long periods, regardless rof slack that may =occur betweenadjustments in the :chain of plates In viewof the above, it will be .seen. that'the several objects'of the invention areachieved an above constructions without departing from thescoipe of =the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

1. A rotary crusher comprising a bed in the form of a hollow frame, an enclosing superstructure on the bed, rotary hammers in the superstructure swinging in paths above the bed, said superstructure having an inlet above the hammers, a shaft across the inlet carrying a. first group of sprockets, a shaft across the bed carry ing a second group of sprockets substantially below the hammers, a chain of movable breaker plates having a reach between the groups of sprockets and passing the paths of the hammers at a tangent region, a, breaker platen pivotally supported on the superstructure and located behind said reach of breaker plates, an arcuate group of cage bars below the paths of the hammers and extending into wedge relationship between said reach of breaker plates and the hammer paths just under said tangent region, said platen extending behind said reach of breaker plates from points above the tangent region to points below the tangent region and for a distance directly opposite said wedge shape of the cage bars, supporting shafts movable in the superstructure and supporting said platen at points above and below the tangent region, means for adjusting the positions of said shafts on the superstructure, arms pivoted outside of the superstructure on the same pivot as that of the platen and extending downward, bearings for said sprocket shaft which is in the bed, said arms controlling the positions of the last-named shaft, at least one of the shafts which adjustably supports the platen extending through said arms to control their positions simultaneously with the control of the platen position, whereby the position of said reach of breaker plates is also simultaneously controlled.

2. A rotary crusher comprising an enclosure formed by an upper superstructure and by a supporting bed portion forming an elevated support, rotary swinging hammers in the superstructure swinging in paths above the bed portion, said superstructure having an inlet above the hammers, a shaft across the inlet carrying a first group of wheels, a shaft across the bed portion carrying a second group of wheels in said bed portion entirely below the swing of the hammers in the superstructure, a chain of movable breaker plates having a reach beiwveen the groups of wheels and passing the paths of the hammers at a tangent impact region, an adjustable breaker Esaid chain guide location but entirely above said -second group of wheels, whereby said .reach of breaker plates is positively held in a, substantial straight run through the space between the guiding platen and guiding cage parts, and a pain 5 of adjustably movable cross-shafts in the superstructure and supporting said platen at portions closely adjacent to the upper and lower parts of the tangent region.

8 vREEERENCES CITED The following references areof record in the "file 01 this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number CHARLES M. BINDNER. l0

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