US2514130A - Locking wrench and pliers - Google Patents

Locking wrench and pliers Download PDF

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Publication number
US2514130A
US2514130A US541222A US54122244A US2514130A US 2514130 A US2514130 A US 2514130A US 541222 A US541222 A US 541222A US 54122244 A US54122244 A US 54122244A US 2514130 A US2514130 A US 2514130A
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lever
handle
toggle
wrench
channel
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US541222A
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Harold T Jones
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/12—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools involving special transmission means between the handles and the jaws, e.g. toggle levers, gears
    • B25B7/123—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools involving special transmission means between the handles and the jaws, e.g. toggle levers, gears with self-locking toggle levers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to wrenches or pliers of the type having besides a pair of plier-like handles, a toggle lever brought into action when gripping a nut or other object so as to greatly multiply the pressure of the gripping jaws.
  • the principal object of the present invention is to provide improvements over the construction of such a wrench shown in U. S. Patent No. 2,280,005 whereby the toggle lever action is improved.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of the wrench with the forward sides of the channel shaped handles broken away to reveal the toggle lever action positioned between them'.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross section of Fig. 1 taken along the line 22 of Fig. I.
  • Fig. 3 is a detached perspective view of the toggle pivot block.
  • the general construction of the tool follows the showing of the U. S. patent above mentioned in that it comprises preferably a pair of pipe wrench-like jaws l and 2 transversely pivoted together at 3 and with one of the plier-like handles l extending rigidly from jaw I, while the other handle 5 is transversely pivoted at its inner end as at 6 to a rearward extension I of the other jaw 2.
  • Both handles are preferably of more or less hollow channel or U-shape in cross section arranged in confronting relation as indicated, and a coiled tension spring 8 hooked at one end as at 9 through an opening near the center of the fixed handle and at its other or forward end to a small apertured lug ill on jaw 2 tends to resiliently pull the jaws open.
  • Lever I I cooperating with handle 5 to form a pair of toggle levers.
  • Lever I I normally extends at an angle between the handles with its opposite ends positioned respectively within the channels of the two handles and with its forward end transversely pivoted as at [2 to handle 5 and its opposite or outer end transversely pivoted to the inner end of an adjusting screw l3 longitudinally screwed into the outer end of handle 4 which is made tubular for a distance adjacent the end and threaded to receive the screw as indicated, but except for this tubular threaded portion 4' the handle 4 is a. freely open channel on it under side as indicated in the drawings.
  • the pivotal connection of 'toggle lever II to the screw comprises drilling a hole longitudinally in the inner end of the screw I3 and revolvably fitting therein a. pin H having an enlarged head or block [5 at its end against which the end of the screw bears. This head is of a size and form to fit within the channel of the handle so as to be slidable therealong and in contact with the underside of the channel as at l8 as the screw is turned.
  • the head ii of the pin II is flattened at opposite sides and is transversely pivoted to the end of the lever as by a pin IS, the end of the lever being shown bifurcated at IT to straddle opposite flat sides of the head l5, or the head may be bifurcated and the end of the lever solid if desired.
  • the toggle lever II is provided with a foot I! at an intermediate point in its length which is directed into the channel of the lower handle 5 to rest upon a releasing lever 20 which is preferably of sheet metal of generally U-shaped cross section to easily flt within the handle and is kept in place by a transversely extending pin 2i secured to the side walls of handle 5 and working freely in a slot 22 in the side walls 23 of the releasing lever.
  • the lever extends forward of this pin a relatively short distance so that its forward end 24 pivots or iulcrums against the handle 5 when the outer or rearward end 25 of the releasing lever is lifted or pulled toward handle l, the releasing lever being extended rearwardly beyond the handle 5 to make it accessible to a finger of the hand holding the plier-like handles when engaging a nut or other object X between the jaws l and 2 so that the grip may be instantly released at any time upon pulling the releasing lever.
  • the extreme rearward or outer end of handle 5 is bent somewhat abruptly away from handle 4 as at 5' and the overlying end of lever 20 is similarly bent or formed while providing clearance 26 below the lever so that it may preferably also be rocked downward as well as upward.
  • the fulcrum or pivotal support for such downward rocking of lever 20 may be a slight shoulder or heel in the channel of lever 20 as at 21 where the clearance 26 begins.
  • the screw I3 may be longitudinally moved by turning its head [3' to adjust the jaws of the tool for thickness of the object to be gripped, and when the jaws are closed upon the object by pressing the plieriike handles towards one another the toggle lever ll will straighten out through a line drawn through the centers of pins 6, I2 and Hi to thereby develop an enormous pressure on the grip.
  • the length ofthe foot I! of the toggle lever is such as to permit the center of pin 12 to just pass the center line 28 so as to lock the grip upon the object when desired to thereby avoid the otherwise necessity of applying maximum hand pressure on the handles all the time.
  • the locked toggle grip may be easily released by either pressing downward or pulling upward on the outer end of releasing lever 20 which upon being rocked either way will forcibly move handle I slightly outward from foot; II to carry the center of pin it back over the center line 28, so that the toggle will collapse under the eiIect of spring I as well as from the pressure of the work tending to spread the jaws, and the wrench will at once open to the dotted line position.
  • heel 21 on releasing lever 20 may be omitted if it is desired to have the releasing lever operate by pulling its outer end up only.
  • a wrench comprising the combination of a handle provided with a stationary jaw, a movable jaw mounted on said handle, a toggle comprising a channel shaped handle lever pivotally engaged at one end with said movable jaw and a toggle link pivotally engaged at one end in the channel of said handle lever intermediate its ends and at its other end with said handle.
  • the improvement which comprises a toggle release lever pivotally secured within the channel and extending longitudinally therein, the free end of said release lever extending beyond the corresponding end of the handle lever and a por tion of said release lever being engageable with said toggle link in the closed position of said handle lever to release said toggle.
  • a toggle for operating thev movable jaw comprising a channel shaped operating lever as a toggle link pivotally engaged at its ends to the first member and said operating lever intermediate the ends thereof, the operating lever ex- .lock the toggle, the improvement which comprises; an elongated toggle release lever having a portion positioned between said first member and said operating lever and extending longitudinally and rearwardly in the space therebetween and having its forward end disposed within the channel of said operating lever and operativeiy connected thereto by pivot means, mounted for movement in a plane passing through the first member and said operating lever, the release lever having a portion projecting rearwardly beyond the rear end of said second member adapted to be engaged by a finger of the hand, the release lever having a camming portion engageable with one of said members when it is actuated.
  • a wrench comprising the combination of a handle provided with a stationary jaw at the forward end thereof. a movable jaw mounted on said handle, a toggle comprising an elongated channel shaped handle lever pivotally engaged at the forward end thereof to said movable jaw and a, toggle link plvotally engaged at one end in the channel of said handle lever intermediate its ends and at its other end with said handle, for locking the wrench in gripping an article, the improvement which comprises; an elongated toggle release lever having a portion extending longitudinally and rearwardly in the space between the channel shaped handle lever and the toggle link, pivotally connected with one and provided with cam means engaging the other when it is rocked about its pivot, said toggle release lever having another portion projecting rearwardly beyond the rear end of the handle lever disposed in position to be engaged by a finger of the hand holding the wrench.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)

Description

July 4, 1950 H. T. JONES LOCKING WRENCH AND PLIERS Filed June 20, 1944 uvvav 70R 'fihROLD 7'; -JONES ,4 rrokwvn Patented July 4, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LOCKING WRENCH AND PLIERS &
Harold T. Jones, Vallejo, Calif.
Application June 20, 1944, Serial No. 541.222
Claims. (01. 81-84) This invention relates to wrenches or pliers of the type having besides a pair of plier-like handles, a toggle lever brought into action when gripping a nut or other object so as to greatly multiply the pressure of the gripping jaws.
The principal object of the present invention is to provide improvements over the construction of such a wrench shown in U. S. Patent No. 2,280,005 whereby the toggle lever action is improved.
Speciflc features of the improvement will appear in the following description and accompanying drawings.
In the drawings Fig. 1 is a side view of the wrench with the forward sides of the channel shaped handles broken away to reveal the toggle lever action positioned between them'.
Fig. 2 is a cross section of Fig. 1 taken along the line 22 of Fig. I.
Fig. 3 is a detached perspective view of the toggle pivot block.
The general construction of the tool follows the showing of the U. S. patent above mentioned in that it comprises preferably a pair of pipe wrench-like jaws l and 2 transversely pivoted together at 3 and with one of the plier-like handles l extending rigidly from jaw I, while the other handle 5 is transversely pivoted at its inner end as at 6 to a rearward extension I of the other jaw 2.
Both handles are preferably of more or less hollow channel or U-shape in cross section arranged in confronting relation as indicated, and a coiled tension spring 8 hooked at one end as at 9 through an opening near the center of the fixed handle and at its other or forward end to a small apertured lug ill on jaw 2 tends to resiliently pull the jaws open.
Within the confronting hollow handles is a lever l I cooperating with handle 5 to form a pair of toggle levers. Lever I I normally extends at an angle between the handles with its opposite ends positioned respectively within the channels of the two handles and with its forward end transversely pivoted as at [2 to handle 5 and its opposite or outer end transversely pivoted to the inner end of an adjusting screw l3 longitudinally screwed into the outer end of handle 4 which is made tubular for a distance adjacent the end and threaded to receive the screw as indicated, but except for this tubular threaded portion 4' the handle 4 is a. freely open channel on it under side as indicated in the drawings.
The pivotal connection of 'toggle lever II to the screw comprises drilling a hole longitudinally in the inner end of the screw I3 and revolvably fitting therein a. pin H having an enlarged head or block [5 at its end against which the end of the screw bears. This head is of a size and form to fit within the channel of the handle so as to be slidable therealong and in contact with the underside of the channel as at l8 as the screw is turned.
The head ii of the pin II is flattened at opposite sides and is transversely pivoted to the end of the lever as by a pin IS, the end of the lever being shown bifurcated at IT to straddle opposite flat sides of the head l5, or the head may be bifurcated and the end of the lever solid if desired.
The toggle lever II is provided with a foot I! at an intermediate point in its length which is directed into the channel of the lower handle 5 to rest upon a releasing lever 20 which is preferably of sheet metal of generally U-shaped cross section to easily flt within the handle and is kept in place by a transversely extending pin 2i secured to the side walls of handle 5 and working freely in a slot 22 in the side walls 23 of the releasing lever. The lever extends forward of this pin a relatively short distance so that its forward end 24 pivots or iulcrums against the handle 5 when the outer or rearward end 25 of the releasing lever is lifted or pulled toward handle l, the releasing lever being extended rearwardly beyond the handle 5 to make it accessible to a finger of the hand holding the plier-like handles when engaging a nut or other object X between the jaws l and 2 so that the grip may be instantly released at any time upon pulling the releasing lever.
The extreme rearward or outer end of handle 5 is bent somewhat abruptly away from handle 4 as at 5' and the overlying end of lever 20 is similarly bent or formed while providing clearance 26 below the lever so that it may preferably also be rocked downward as well as upward. The fulcrum or pivotal support for such downward rocking of lever 20 may be a slight shoulder or heel in the channel of lever 20 as at 21 where the clearance 26 begins.
By the construction described the screw I3 may be longitudinally moved by turning its head [3' to adjust the jaws of the tool for thickness of the object to be gripped, and when the jaws are closed upon the object by pressing the plieriike handles towards one another the toggle lever ll will straighten out through a line drawn through the centers of pins 6, I2 and Hi to thereby develop an enormous pressure on the grip.
The length ofthe foot I! of the toggle lever is such as to permit the center of pin 12 to just pass the center line 28 so as to lock the grip upon the object when desired to thereby avoid the otherwise necessity of applying maximum hand pressure on the handles all the time. when the job being worked on is finished the locked toggle grip may be easily released by either pressing downward or pulling upward on the outer end of releasing lever 20 which upon being rocked either way will forcibly move handle I slightly outward from foot; II to carry the center of pin it back over the center line 28, so that the toggle will collapse under the eiIect of spring I as well as from the pressure of the work tending to spread the jaws, and the wrench will at once open to the dotted line position.
It is of course obvious that heel 21 on releasing lever 20 may be omitted if it is desired to have the releasing lever operate by pulling its outer end up only.
7 Having thus described my improved construction in the toggle wrench of this kind, what I claim is:
1. In a wrench comprising the combination of a handle provided with a stationary jaw, a movable jaw mounted on said handle, a toggle comprising a channel shaped handle lever pivotally engaged at one end with said movable jaw and a toggle link pivotally engaged at one end in the channel of said handle lever intermediate its ends and at its other end with said handle. the improvement which comprises a toggle release lever pivotally secured within the channel and extending longitudinally therein, the free end of said release lever extending beyond the corresponding end of the handle lever and a por tion of said release lever being engageable with said toggle link in the closed position of said handle lever to release said toggle.
2. In a wrench as set out in claim 1 the pivotal securing of said release lever being loose to permit the two way rocking of said release lever for release of the toggle upon either way of movement of said lever.
3. In a wrench as set out in claim 1 said toggle link provided with a foot in contact with the inner portion of the toggle release lever.
4. In a wrench of the type having a first member formed as an elongated handle provided with a stationary jaw at the forward end thereof, a movable jaw mounted on said member arranged to cooperate with the stationary jaw to grip an article, a toggle for operating thev movable jaw comprising a channel shaped operating lever as a toggle link pivotally engaged at its ends to the first member and said operating lever intermediate the ends thereof, the operating lever ex- .lock the toggle, the improvement which comprises; an elongated toggle release lever having a portion positioned between said first member and said operating lever and extending longitudinally and rearwardly in the space therebetween and having its forward end disposed within the channel of said operating lever and operativeiy connected thereto by pivot means, mounted for movement in a plane passing through the first member and said operating lever, the release lever having a portion projecting rearwardly beyond the rear end of said second member adapted to be engaged by a finger of the hand, the release lever having a camming portion engageable with one of said members when it is actuated.
5. In a wrench comprising the combination of a handle provided with a stationary jaw at the forward end thereof. a movable jaw mounted on said handle, a toggle comprising an elongated channel shaped handle lever pivotally engaged at the forward end thereof to said movable jaw and a, toggle link plvotally engaged at one end in the channel of said handle lever intermediate its ends and at its other end with said handle, for locking the wrench in gripping an article, the improvement which comprises; an elongated toggle release lever having a portion extending longitudinally and rearwardly in the space between the channel shaped handle lever and the toggle link, pivotally connected with one and provided with cam means engaging the other when it is rocked about its pivot, said toggle release lever having another portion projecting rearwardly beyond the rear end of the handle lever disposed in position to be engaged by a finger of the hand holding the wrench.
HAROLD T. JONES.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Seashore Sept. 25,
US541222A 1944-06-20 1944-06-20 Locking wrench and pliers Expired - Lifetime US2514130A (en)

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Cited By (75)

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US2574676A (en) * 1946-11-22 1951-11-13 Glenn J Waterbury Toggle actuated plier-type wrench
US2576286A (en) * 1945-04-05 1951-11-27 Eisenberg Murray Quick release attachment for vise grip pliers
US2589511A (en) * 1947-08-30 1952-03-18 Frahcis L Rice Release mechanism for toggle actuated plier type wrenches
US2590750A (en) * 1948-06-01 1952-03-25 Burns Bruce Release means for toggle-actuated wrenches
US2592807A (en) * 1950-01-23 1952-04-15 Harold T Jones Locking wrench and plier
US2598650A (en) * 1948-07-28 1952-05-27 Seymour Smith & Son Inc Snap lock pliers with unlocking lever
US2604803A (en) * 1945-09-17 1952-07-29 Mccann Forest Glenn Plier type, toggle actuated wrench
US2612806A (en) * 1951-09-15 1952-10-07 Carl L Ohman Pliers
US2627774A (en) * 1951-04-21 1953-02-10 Walter Charles Edward Release attachment for wrenches and the like
US2664774A (en) * 1952-02-07 1954-01-05 Walter E Harvie Opening means for locking wrench type pliers
US2669145A (en) * 1952-10-03 1954-02-16 Homer A Mead Releasing device for locking pliers
US2685218A (en) * 1952-08-21 1954-08-03 Burns Bruce Toggle-actuated, plier type wrench
US2695540A (en) * 1953-04-17 1954-11-30 Harold A Berger Toggle wrench
US2714828A (en) * 1953-11-19 1955-08-09 Metal Engineering Company Jaw-adjusting means for toggleactuated pivoted jaw wrench
US2894547A (en) * 1957-05-01 1959-07-14 Lapeer Mfg Company Lever unlocking means in toggle action clamping devices
US3188602A (en) * 1962-11-19 1965-06-08 Jasper Blackburn Corp Parallel-groove electrical connector
US3192804A (en) * 1962-09-20 1965-07-06 Petersen Mfg Chain clamps
US3199062A (en) * 1962-03-01 1965-08-03 Jasper Blackburn Corp Parallel groove connector for hot-stick application
US3210070A (en) * 1963-06-03 1965-10-05 Jr Biase A Lagana Automobile body repair tool
US3262343A (en) * 1964-03-27 1966-07-26 Robert W Weller Toggle wrench having automatic abutment adjusting means
US3354759A (en) * 1966-05-03 1967-11-28 Thomas L Cook Vise grip pliers
DE1271649B (en) * 1962-09-20 1968-06-27 Petersen Mfg Clamp pliers
US3395724A (en) * 1965-10-22 1968-08-06 Union Carbide Corp Piercing valve
US3791012A (en) * 1972-05-08 1974-02-12 Komline Sanderson Eng Corp Traction applying tool
US4238862A (en) * 1978-07-13 1980-12-16 Leatherman Timothy S Pocket multiple tool
US4297756A (en) * 1979-10-09 1981-11-03 Lance Bruce J Locking wrench tool with auxiliary mechanical output
US4478114A (en) * 1982-09-29 1984-10-23 Aldo Arena Wrench with overcenter linkage
US4802390A (en) * 1985-09-18 1989-02-07 Warheit William A Auto-grip pliers
US5052251A (en) * 1990-08-23 1991-10-01 Blue Water Holding Company, Inc. Locking wrenches
US5197359A (en) * 1990-08-23 1993-03-30 Blue Water Holding Company, Inc. Locking wrenches
US5291914A (en) * 1993-06-30 1994-03-08 Milbar Corporation Piercing valve assembly for pliers
US5398535A (en) * 1993-09-14 1995-03-21 Giffin; Roger E. Spreader clamp for automobile body repair and the like
USD382182S (en) * 1996-01-11 1997-08-12 Buck Knives, Inc. Combination tool
US5697114A (en) * 1996-02-29 1997-12-16 Bear Mgc Cutlery Co., Inc. Folding multi-tool
US5964131A (en) * 1997-01-17 1999-10-12 Valle De Oro Bank, N.A. Hand tool with sculpted handles and integral key ring
US6006385A (en) * 1996-10-31 1999-12-28 Kai U.S.A. Ltd. Multi-tool
US6161455A (en) * 1997-08-12 2000-12-19 Great Neck Saw Manufacturers, Inc. Adjustable plier
US6170104B1 (en) 1996-01-11 2001-01-09 Buck Knives, Inc. Hand tool with multiple locking blades controlled by a single locking mechanism and release
US6282996B1 (en) * 1999-01-29 2001-09-04 Leatherman Tool Group, Inc. Multipurpose locking pliers
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USD493346S1 (en) 2000-06-15 2004-07-27 Great Neck Saw Manufacturers, Inc, Foldable hand tool
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US20050144730A1 (en) * 2004-01-05 2005-07-07 Barber Launce R. Combination carabiner and wrench device
US20060032048A1 (en) * 2004-08-12 2006-02-16 Hanlong Industrial Co., Ltd. Press-connecting head of press-connecting pliers for coaxial terminal
US20060089651A1 (en) * 2004-10-26 2006-04-27 Trudeau Jeffrey L Apparatus and method for anchoring a surgical rod
US20060137497A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-29 Smithville, Llc Self-adjusting, locking pliers with grip ping force adjustment
US7299724B1 (en) 2007-01-24 2007-11-27 Warheit Matthew W Self-adjusting gripping tool
US20080060486A1 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-03-13 Thomas Michael Robert Locking pliers for controlled manipulation of loads
US7353736B2 (en) 2005-07-27 2008-04-08 Leatherman Tool Group, Inc. Enhanced multi-function hand tool
US20080141831A1 (en) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-19 Ekola David M Hose clam locking pliers
US20080282851A1 (en) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-20 Engvall David P Locking pliers
US20090227152A1 (en) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-10 Harry Wong Ground clamp
US20090325769A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-31 Hugh Michael Miskel Clamp for a weightlifting bar
US8535289B1 (en) 2012-07-25 2013-09-17 Vincent C. Forbes Vial attachment pliers
US8534168B2 (en) 2011-02-24 2013-09-17 Joel S. Marks Compact adjustable locking pliers
WO2014117047A1 (en) 2013-01-27 2014-07-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Locking plier jaws
US20150246433A1 (en) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 Li-Tu Wu Universal plier structure
US9492911B2 (en) 2015-01-15 2016-11-15 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Locking pliers with improved adjustment member
USD771456S1 (en) 2014-08-01 2016-11-15 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Pliers with control key
USD782891S1 (en) 2015-04-02 2017-04-04 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Locking pliers
US9938123B1 (en) 2013-03-14 2018-04-10 Nick C. Kravitch Valve box lifter
US9950675B2 (en) 2015-09-22 2018-04-24 Grip Racks LLC Modular roof rack clamping system
US10532446B2 (en) * 2015-08-07 2020-01-14 Walter Clarence Deane Canvas stretching tool
US10676037B2 (en) 2015-09-22 2020-06-09 Grip Racks LLC Modular roof rack clamping system

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Cited By (100)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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