US2511629A - Bonding of textile yarns to rubber - Google Patents
Bonding of textile yarns to rubber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2511629A US2511629A US60841A US6084148A US2511629A US 2511629 A US2511629 A US 2511629A US 60841 A US60841 A US 60841A US 6084148 A US6084148 A US 6084148A US 2511629 A US2511629 A US 2511629A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- yarns
- yarn
- cords
- compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- IPBVNPXQWQGGJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 IPBVNPXQWQGGJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- LHQLJMJLROMYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium acetate Chemical compound [Cd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O LHQLJMJLROMYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical class [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011297 pine tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940068124 pine tar Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 sodium carbonate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2321/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified rubbers
Definitions
- the adhesives hitherto employed have generally been of a resinous character but these are not wholly satisfactory as individual resins have limitations in certain directions; for example, in some cases the resin in or on the rayon yarns may cause difliculties in the handling of the yarns preparatory to the production of tires.
- the object of the present invention is to pro-- vide an improved process for bonding textile yarns to rubber.
- a process for the production of a composite article comprising vulcanised rubber bonded to textile yarns includes the step of vulcanising rubber in contact with yarns which have been impregnated with a compound of a metal the sulphide of which is insoluble in water.
- Suitable metals are zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, nickel and iron, preferred compounds of these metals are the hydroxides, carbonates and acetates.
- the metallic compounds may be applied to the yarns, or to such warns twisted into cords as an aqueous suspension or solution.
- a water-soluble compound such as cadmium acetate
- it is suilicient to pass the 'yarn through an aqueous solution of the compound to obtain the desired impregnation.
- the yarn may be impregnated with a dispersion of the compound, preferably freshly-precipitated.
- a waterinsoluble compound may be deposited in situ in the yarns by passing the yarns first through an aqueous solution of a metal compound such as the sulphate and then through a bath of a compound such as sodium carbonate, which reacts with the water-soluble metal compound to precipitate the desired metallic compound in the yarn.
- a metal compound such as the sulphate
- a compound such as sodium carbonate
- a suitable proportion of the metallic compound is from 0.1 to 5 per cent, preferably from 0.5 to 1 per cent of the weight of the yarn.
- the invention is particularly applicable to viscose rayon yarns but can be applied to other rayon yarns, for example, those of stretched and saponified cellulose acetate. It is also applicable to articles such as conveyor belting and V driving-belts. It is also applicable to tires and similar articles made from synthetic as well as natural rubber products, such as for example, the synthetic rubbers obtained by polymerising butadiene with other polymerisaible compounds such as styrene or acrylonitrile.
- the process of the invention is of particular advantage in view of the high increase in the strength of the bond; another important advantage is that it enables the yarn to be treated before it is made into cords and also simplifies the handling of the yarn.
- the metallic compound in the yarn is converted into the sulphide by reaction with sulphur present in the rubber.
- Example 1 Viscose rayon tire yarn was passed through a l per cent aqueous zinc sulphate solution, hydroextracted, passed through a 0.2 per cent aqueous sodium carbonate solution to form zinc carbonate in situ in the yarn, hydroextracted once more, dried and then used for the construction of tire cords.
- the dried yam contained about 0.65 per cent of zinc carbonate.
- a number of 10 inch lengths of each type of cord are laid lengthwise on the surface of a slab of an unvulcanised rubber composition measuring 10 inches by 3 inches by M; inch and gently pressed by hand into the rubber.
- the composition of the rubber stock is as 'follows, the parts being by weight:
- the surface with the cords therein is now covered by a sheet of regenerated cellulose while the other surface is covered with a canvas sheet which is in turn covered by a sheet of regenerated cellulose.
- the whole assembly is now placed in a platen press and vulcanised at 30 lb. per square inch steam pressure for 60 minutes.
- the rubber slab is removed from the press and the sheets of regenerated cellulose stripped off giving a rubber slab having the cords buried therein with the upper surfaces flush with the surface of the rubber.
- the canvas backing serves to render the slab inextensible while carrying out the adhesion tests.
- One end of each cord is now stripped out for about one inch and pulled in a direction along the surface of the rubber. the cord being bent back through an angle of 180 during the test. The pull required to separate the rubber and the cord is determined.
- Example 2 Example 1 was repeated but with -the single exception that a 1 per cent aqueous nickel sulphate solution was used in place of the zinc sulphate bath.
- the adhesion to rubber of the cords obtained was of the same order as that obtained with the cords produced in Example 1.
- Example 3 4 Example 4 viscose rayon tire yarn was passed through a 1 per cent aqueous cadmium acetate solution, hydroextracted, dried and used for the construction of tire cords. The cords contained approximately 1 per cent of cadmium acetate.
- a process for the production of a composite article comprising vulcanized rubber bonded to yarns of regenerated cellulose which includes the steps of impregnating the said yarn with a compound chosen from the group consisting of the hydroxides, carbonates and acetates of a metal chosen from the group consisting of zinc, cadmium, mercury and nickel, placing the impregnated yarns in contact with unvulcanized rubber and then vulcanizing the rubber so that the yarns are bonded to the vulcanized rubber.
- a process for the production of a composite article comprising vulcanized rubber bonded to yarns of regenerated cellulose which includes the steps of impregnating the said yarns with an aqueous solution of a water-soluble compound of a metal chosen from the group consisting of zinc, cadmium, mercury and nickel, treating the impregnated yarns with an aqueous solution of a water-soluble carbonate whereby the carbonate of the said metal is deposited in situ in the yarns, placing the impregnated yarns in contact with unvulcanized rubber and then vulcanizing the rubber so that the yarns are bonded to the vulcanized rubber.
- a process as claimed in claim 3 wherein the proportion of compound is from about 0.5 to about 1.0 per cent by weight of yarn.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2511629X | 1947-12-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2511629A true US2511629A (en) | 1950-06-13 |
Family
ID=10908764
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US60841A Expired - Lifetime US2511629A (en) | 1947-12-01 | 1948-11-18 | Bonding of textile yarns to rubber |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2511629A (xx) |
| BE (1) | BE486106A (xx) |
| FR (1) | FR975728A (xx) |
| NL (1) | NL67457C (xx) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2626887A (en) * | 1949-05-03 | 1953-01-27 | Firestone Tire & Rubber Co | Rayon tire cord and method of making same |
| US2997420A (en) * | 1956-05-16 | 1961-08-22 | Monsanto Chemicals | Pigmented fibers of enhanced adhesion to rubber |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1184015A (en) * | 1911-06-23 | 1916-05-23 | Rubber Regenerating Co | Process of treating rubber articles and product thereof. |
| US1723581A (en) * | 1924-11-06 | 1929-08-06 | Ruderman Aaron | Paper-coating composition |
| US2054780A (en) * | 1935-04-03 | 1936-09-15 | North American Rayon Corp | Process of producing rubber articles |
| US2314976A (en) * | 1939-02-11 | 1943-03-30 | Goodrich Co B F | Method of improving the adhesion of rubber to cotton |
-
0
- NL NL67457D patent/NL67457C/xx active
- BE BE486106D patent/BE486106A/xx unknown
-
1948
- 1948-11-18 US US60841A patent/US2511629A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1948-12-01 FR FR975728D patent/FR975728A/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1184015A (en) * | 1911-06-23 | 1916-05-23 | Rubber Regenerating Co | Process of treating rubber articles and product thereof. |
| US1723581A (en) * | 1924-11-06 | 1929-08-06 | Ruderman Aaron | Paper-coating composition |
| US2054780A (en) * | 1935-04-03 | 1936-09-15 | North American Rayon Corp | Process of producing rubber articles |
| US2314976A (en) * | 1939-02-11 | 1943-03-30 | Goodrich Co B F | Method of improving the adhesion of rubber to cotton |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2626887A (en) * | 1949-05-03 | 1953-01-27 | Firestone Tire & Rubber Co | Rayon tire cord and method of making same |
| US2997420A (en) * | 1956-05-16 | 1961-08-22 | Monsanto Chemicals | Pigmented fibers of enhanced adhesion to rubber |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE486106A (xx) | |
| NL67457C (xx) | |
| FR975728A (fr) | 1951-03-08 |
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