US2508186A - Winding mechanism - Google Patents

Description

,M y 1950 e. K. NEWELL 2,508,186

WINDING MECHANISM Filed Dec. 4, 1947 :1 /4b 55 52 27 so & w 2 a l I LocK.

Release INVENTOR. George K.N9u)ell y 4 Release I ATTORNEY fiatenteci May 16, 1950 WINDING MECHANISM GeorgeiK.-iNewelL-mear Pitcairn, Ba.-,.nssigxtor to zThe 1weStingh0-BS0 Air B11:

.merding, Pa .aeorporatipnn P, n$y1vania Application December 4, 1$47,-Serialf'N0fi7 895671 vision of anewandiimproved windingmecha nism 'that,-=during initia1 rotationoi an...opera.ting handle inane directiomwi'll rapidlyttakenpas'lack in a brake riggingsorstheiike, .andthaton final rotation :of the handletinutheuopposite niirecticn wiil have iincreasediieverage, .as ionapnl-ying the brakes.

iA'nother objecttof-thei inventionlisrthe provision of anew and'improved-umechanism thathi Selflocking in operation and therefore rpartioulaniy adapted for use in applying .-hand brakqes on a H "Fig.1 is adiagrammaticaviewppartly,inyoutiine and partly insection, :of a Winding .i-mechanisin embodyingthe invention and Fig. 2 is a fragmentary-view takeni-nthe direc tion of arrow '2'. inTEig.,-i1.

' Description Referring to Fig. 1 refer-encenumera1 5 designates a casing, which may be niounted at any convenient location on-a rail-waycar (notshown) such ason the end thereof, containing gearmechanism 6 adaptedto "be operated "by an-operating handle in the form-01f a hand wheel Ffor' turnin'g ashaft 8 connected to=a Jdrum 9 on whichis wound a-cabie I'D adapted to'ibe operatively connected to a device to be actuated, such as "the brake rigging ('notshown) of a railwaywehicle. The'hand :wheel '1 is secured :to :One :end of .a shaft I I adapte'd'toturn within a bore sli exten-ding through'the casing 5. A gear1 3pwithinthe casing,-is secured'to the oppositeend 'ofshaft 1| ffor operative engagement with a larger gear M which is suitably arranged for .rotation "about a fixed axis relative to the casing, t'by some -such arrangement as is shown in the drawing in which a central hubil 5 dfSSfii'id gear is ro'tatably mounted on the router surface ofra sl'eeve' boss Hi6 attached to and projecting inwardiyefrom:theceas-ing. "The gears" 13 and I14 arepreferably in .the form mi bevel gears "with rtheir axes .at {right angles {to eachother afar iavorabie disposition :of the hand ee aims, (01154 -595) whee1;1,;but.;said.;gears might bezin theifoim Of her casing.

.A frame ii is se ure to.thej teartl giorrotation therewith. The frame il-I :amay .con prise .LtQwo spaced apart. arms t8 and t3 r dly securen at their on endat eeearr hea c s sedsequidistant from the Projected-axis said-gearfand parallel .theretgsand :a. member ,-2 0. secured .toall-id e tend n tbetw en-theonpesiteie ds pf swarms :therehy adapted "to turn about .thesame axis';as-zthe .;gear. IA, and. -may .be rqtatably supported at its end awavirom-said ee-rm a sleeve shaft .25 secured .to member :20 and mounted in a bore 2-2: extending. through one-end of I the --casing 5 in,-,a1ignment .with sleeveshaft 4.6 attheoppositeend of sa-idcasing. C Two oppositely arranged .ddal element bevel gears 2.3 and 240i equal size, are.. di sp0sed within the frame H. The dualfelementrbevel gear123 is secured mix-rotation with a central shelf-25 journa-Ied: tothe arm .18. The dual element'hevel gear .22 issecu'red for rotation with a central shaft ..2.t-..iourna1ed to the arm its. -Both . shaits 25 and 26 are in alignment one with the other, and their axes projectin a direction at right an lesto thedi eetion:oi-th i xis'.Q ieee Each of the-dual element bevel gears .Z3]and :24 comprises :two attached bevel gear elements 2 11am28,-.e1ement- 23:heing of larger diameter than. elementzz'l andnisposediadjacent tothe re, spective .armsof gframe l-Fl. vThe .g eareelements. 2.1 are arranged --.f,or simultaneous engagement .at theircorresnonding.oppositesides withiwospaced apart bevel .gears 19 :and x3?!) onequalldiameters extending hetvveen -said elements. lhe gearllg iszsecuredtto one endeof-sa-holl owshaft 31 which is journaied in the .sleeve boss taattached-to the casing ;--and "projects therethrough. .Iflhe rgear 30 issecured toQQeend-nf .ashaft :32 which-is iournaied in and extends :through the hollow Shafi? 3!. To the iouter sendeof :hOlJ-QWeSh31fi: 3.1 iisattached a ratchet :-whee1.-=,3.3 whichds provided vith thevusual teethvforenormahengfi emeht by a-pa'wl 34 for preventing counterclockwise rotation-oi the shaft 31 and gear 128,133 viewed: in the rdirectien of --.the arrow 21in Fig. 1. iIo the aouter-fendnf shaft 32 isattached a ratchet .wheelfihsubstantially similar to wheel 33, having teeth forrnoiimal engagement by (pawl-3.6 forrpreventingrrotation of said-shaft-andehence gee intthetopposite direction, .=-or clockwise, ras wiewed {in Pthe same mannenas aboveamentioned. Eon-biasing: theme nsvenseiyeofisaid.proiected aegis.

3 spective pawls 34 and 38 in the direction of the respective ratchet wheels 33 and 35 a tension spring 3'! may be connected at its opposite ends to each of said pawls.

The pawls 34 and 38 are each pivotally secured by suitable means to respective bosses 38, 39 or the like, projecting from the casing 5. Levers 40 and 41 are provided on pawls 34 and 36, respectively, for engagement by an unlocking cam 42. The cam 42 may be circular in transverse crosssection and is secured for eccentric turning movement about an off-center pin 43 fixed to the casing 5, a release handle 44 being provided for effecting said movement. The handle 44 is adapted to be moved to any one of three positions, a Look position, in which it is shown in the drawing, a Slow release position, and a Quick release position. In Lock position of handle 44, the cam 42 is so positioned as to be out of effective displacing engagement with both of the levers 49 and 4|, so that under action of spring 31, the pawls 34 and 35 are in normal locking engagement with the teeth of the respective ratchet wheels 33 and 35. In Slow release position, the cam 42 is in effective displacing engagement with lever 40 whereby pawl 34 is held out of locking engagement with ratchet wheel 33. In Quick release position, the cam 42 is in effective displacing engagement with both the lever 49 and the lever 4! whereby both pawls 34 and 3B are held out of locking engagement with the respective ratchet wheels 33 and 35. The significance of these positions of the cam 42 and handle 44, as above described, will hereinafter'become obvious.

A relatively large bevel gear 45 is disposed within the frame I! in alignment with the axis of gear I4 and in operable engagement with both of the bevel gear elements 28, for turning the shaft 8 and drum 9 secured thereto. Shaft 8 is journaled in the sleeve shaft 21 and extends outwardly through the casing. The cable It is wound on the drum 9 and may be operatively connected to the usual brake rigging (not shown) for setting brakes on a railway vehicle or the like employing the mechanism.

Operation For the purpose of illustration, assume that the winding mechanism above described is applied to a railway vehicle for applying the brakes thereon by hand. Further assume that the brakes are released; that the cable I is operatively connected thereto and is so wound on drum Ill that, as viewed in the direction of arrow 2, rotation of the drum counterclockwise will cause winding of said cable on said drum to apply the brakes, while rotation in the opposite direction will cause unwinding for releasing the brakes; and that initially there is considerable slack in the cable l0; and further that the release handle 44 is in Look position with both of the pawls 34 and 38 in locking engagement with the respective ratchet wheels 33 and 35, in manner as previously described.

If it is desired to apply the vehicle brakes by operation of the hand-operated winding mechanism, as viewed in the direction of an arrow 50 the hand wheel 1 will first be rotated in a clockwise direction, turning the connected gear I3 inthe same direction.

As viewed in the direction of arrow 2, the above turning of gear I3 will turn the larger gear M in a counterclockwise direction relative to the casing 5. If it is now assumed that the hand wheel is turned a sufllcient number of times to cause the gear 14 to make a complete revolution, the frame I! will also make a complete revolution relative to the casing 5 and in the same direction. As the frame I! makes one revolution counterclockwise, the dual elemerit bevel gears 23 and 24 will be carried, with their respective shafts 25 and 28, also a full revolution with the frame H. In so doing, the bevel gear elements 21 will roll on the gear 29 attached to shaft 3|, which is secured against counterclockwise rotation by engagement of the pawl 34 with the ratchet wheel 33, the elements 21 turning about their own axes on the respective shafts 25 and 26, and thereby causing the bevel gear 30, shaft 32 and ratchet wheel 35 to turn in a counterclockwise direction.

The number of revolutions that each of the elements 21 will make about their respective axes during their counterclockwise revolution with the frame l1 and gear 14, willequal the ratio of the number of teeth on gear 29 to the number of teeth on said elements. For example, if the gear elements 21 have fifteen teeth, and the gear 29 has thirty teeth, each of said elements will make about its respective axis two revolutions for each revolution of gear [4. The gear elements 28, attached to elements 21, will make the same number of revolutions about the same respective axes, or for example two revolutions, and obviously in the same direction, which direction is such as will cause the gear 45, shaft 8 and drum 9 to turn counterclockwise, as viewed in the direction of arrow 2. The number of revolutions that the gear 45 will make in a counterclockwise direction relative to the casing 5 for one revolution of the gear 14 and frame H in the same direction will equal the ratio of the number of teeth on the elements 28 to the number of teeth on gear 45 multiplied by the number of turns that said elements 28 make on their own axes during that revolution of frame 11, plus one revolution of the elements 28 with the gear l4 and frame [1, since, if said elements were not to turn at all on their own axes, as they were carried a complete revolution with said frame, they would cause the gear 45 to complete one revolution relative to the casing.

To continue the above examplaif the gear elements 28 have thirty teeth, and the gear 45 forty teeth, during one revolution of the gear l4 and frame I! as above described, the gear elements 28 make two revolutions about their own axes, and the gear 45 will make two and one-half revolutions in a counterclockwise direction relative to the casing, as viewed in the direction of the arrow 2. The drum 9 connected to gear 45 will thus be caused to rotate in a counterclockwise direction, winding the cable l9 thereon and taking up slack in said cable or brake rigging.

When the resistance to rotation of the drum 9 increases substantially, as when the brake shoes engage the wheels, and as indicated to an operator by increased resistance to rotation of the hand wheel I, the operator may turn the hand wheel in the opposite direction, or in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in the direction of the arrow 59, for applying the brakes on the vehicle.

Rotation of the hand wheel 1 in a counterclockwise direction will rotate the gear l3 in the same direction, and as viewed in the direction of the arrow 2, will rotate the larger gear M in a clockwise direction. Now to simplify the follow ing description, assume that the hand wheel 1 essence fra e 1 with itinth'e same direction.- v

' "eforef;--rotation of the frame I! will carry dual element bevel gears 23 and 24 and their sha ts "25" and 26 with it, but this time in the opposite direction, or clockwise one revolution. D n'g such revolution of the frame I1, thege'ar securdaga'in'st clockwise rotation by engagement of -pawl with ratchet wheel 35; and thereby be caused'-'-to rotate about their respective axes; The 9 will not prevent such rotation, it being fre to turn in a clockwise direction causing the pewter to jump theteeth of ratchet wheel 33. Di'i this revolution of the frame 11 in a clockwise direction, the gear elements 21, and hence attached elements 28, will rotate in the same dire'cti61r'a6eiittheir 'r'spectivea-xes as durin the t counterclockwise direction, due to the fact tha in thesecondinstahce elements '21 roll on which is fired; whereas in the fifs't"in- Q aideleinentsrolled on the gear 29 whichthn fixed. Further, since the gears 29 and thesame 's'izeand have the same number teethg and thefgea-r elements?! in rolling on i'I-l -make the same number of revolutionsoth an in the same direction as was pointed out which-directionis such as=wi11 cause the at elements- 28 to rotate the gear 45 in'a rlo'ekwis directionias' before. In makingand 24 carried by said frame and in *with jthe gear 45 will tendto carry gear lew-111 in a couflterclockwis'e direction,- unu e'r; I the above tends to make in a cou ter clockwise directiorrashaused by rotation of said elerri'nts about: their respective axes, less one revohitrozi-in eirciiitor theelernent's 28 with the theopp'osite or clockwise "direction:

0- nd lE haV'e' the numberof teeth previ oiisly ssuined, then" in rot'atihg 'gear l4'*one' revo' hifiitih in 'a t'ilbbkwise direction; as efiecte'd by turnahii 'wliee'l 'bblint'rclckwise; the dual ears 2 3 and 24 will turn two revolutions heirrespective axes, as before, and will tend tofc'ause F gear 55 team one and one-half revo- 1iitions "in a' coun'terclockwi'se direction, also as before, 'but" in this instanca less one "revolution ofccircuitiii-a clockwise'direction, or a net of on' half revolution in-a counterclockwisedirectibm causirigfithe drum 9 to so turn also, further winding the cable I'D thereon at a greater me chanicaladvantage for applying the brakes on the railway vehicle. t v

.Itawill thus" be seen that by turning-the hand wheel I first in a-clockwise direction, theoperator;may cause the slack in the cable ll) and brake rigging to be taken in rapidly, bringing thebrake shoes into; contact with the wheels, and then-byturning saidhand wheel in an opposite"; or eounterclockwise direction, he may cause a o beexerted on; the cable for applying the eed ratio and f orce ratio between turns of s abate; a" sufficient wheelies-turns aus'e the gear M to make one complete r to in-the clockwise direction, carrying th'e ents 21 will roll on the gear 30, which is" re "Eu Sly described revolution 1 of said frame 'in their respective axesas lflfollil'fg Oil the reveietien in-the same chemise e that the netrevolutions that thecircumstances, Will equal 171 19 pie, 1r gear elements 21 and 28, and

at a; greater leverage. The relationship hee ,andc io texc ed hereon, to turns frdrum Q and-pul-I; on cable {0, all other factors gears t t; Will -d I teet on gea elements fly 28; and gears 29'; :30" and, aswill be obvious:

After the brakes have-be'eri set, theyare heid in this position by automatic lockingz action otrelease, th cable Ill would needtounwmdrrow the drum 9 and tnereby 'ca'u'se sai'd'drlim and-gear" 45 to turn in a clockwise'direction- In order for" thegeardt to'turn' in a'clcckwise'directioii either" the" dual" element* gears 23 and 24 'inustbe free toturn on their respective'axes so asto roll or i gears 29 and 3ll'arid thereby p ermit frame IT to turn either a clockwise" or a counterclockwise directioii, or said gears must be free toturn -on' their resp'ective" axes while the frame l'l remains stationary.- To permit the frame IT to turn clockwise, the gear elerhents il o'f'gearsfl and 24 would need to be free to roll on gear 29 waneturning gear 30' in a counterclockwise directioh which is preventedby engagement of pawl 36 with ratchet wheel attached'to g'ar30'. To" permit the frame l-I to turn counterclockwise, the elements zl'wolild need 'to'be' free-to roll on' gear 30 while turning thege'ar 2'9 counterclockwise; which is prevented biengage'ineht "of pawl-'- 34 with ratchet wheel '33 attached to gear 295 To' permit gears 23 and 24 to rot'ateon their respective axes without causing movement of frame H, the elements ZTthereSfneed befree to permit gear 30 to rotate'in" a-clockwise' dir'ection while gear 29* is permittedto' rotate in a counterclockwise direc'tioh, "which neither is free to do, as will beobvious from the'previous' de= seription. The gear drum- 9 and hence cable The hand-wheel i may then berotated in acounterclockwise direction to control the release o f the brakes as desired: For the sake of simplifying the description of Slow release operation assume that hand wheel 1 is rotated a sufficient number'of turns in-a-clockwisedirection to causethe gear M- to make one revolution ina counterclockwise directionas-viewedin the l direction of the arrow 2; as"will=be-all-subsequentdes cription. v H

In maki g one revolutioninacountercloekwisedirection the gear I 4 carries the frame I! anddual element gears 23;and 24 with it theelements 21 of which gearsyin engagement with gears 29 and 30, will tend to carry'bothofthese-gears in the same counterclockwise direction, and -it$ wouldseem that they are both freeto so do'with pawl 34 out of engagement with ratchet wheel 33 in the Slow release position of handle 44! However, at this time,-the cable [0 is exerting a pulling force on the drum 9'which will tend toturn said drum and the gear l4 in a clockwise direction, exerting a force on gear elements 28-insucha manner as will cause the attached elemer ts-21 to urge the'gear-3ll to turn clockwise. Since gear 30 is prevented from so turningf-asther frame i1 is turned one revolution counterclock wise carryingdual element gears 23 and 24 with it, the elements 21 of said gears will roll on the gear '30, making two revolutions on their own respective axes in so doing, and incidentally rotating the gear 29 which is now free to rotate in either direction. The attached elements 28 will also, make the two revolutions about the same respective axes in a direction which will tend to allow the gear 45 to rotate one and one-half revolutions in a clockwise direction, the gear elements 28 having thirty teeth and the gear 45.;forty teeth. At the same time, if elements 28: did not turn at all on their own axes, they would carry gear d one revolution in a counter clockwise direction with the frame IT, the net turns of the gear 45 and hence drum 9 will therefore be one and one-half turns in a clockwise direction less than one turn in the opposite direction, or one-half turn in a counterclockwise direction, for one turn of gear l4 in a counterclockwise direction during slow release of the brakes for the chosen example.

To 'efiect quick release of the brakes, the operator will move the handle 44 to Quick release position, thereby effecting disengagement of the pawl 36 from the ratchet wheel 35, while the pawl 34 remains out of engagement with ratchet wheel 33, so that in this position oi handle 44 both the gears 29 and 3B are free to turn in either direction.

The cable It may be still exerting a pull on drum 9,which will turn it in a clockwise direction pending full return of the brake shoes and rigging to a normal rest position, and gear 45 will turn with said drum, causing the gear elements 28 to turn freely about their respective axes, :rotating the gears 29 and 38 in opposite directions, and allowing the frame I1 and gear M to remain stationary, so that the hand wheel 1- will not turn and need not be turned, as the tension in cable I!) is quickly released.

Summary It will thus be seen that I have provided an improved winding mechanism which is particularly adapted for use in operating brake mechanism manually. By rotation of the operating handle in one direction, the slack in the brake mechanism may be taken up rapidly, while by subsequent rotation of the handle in the opposite direction the leverage ratio of the mechanism is increased for applying the brakes. The mechanism is self-locking, so that any brake application effected thereby will not unintentionally release. The rate of intentional release of the brakes may be controlled by the operator in turning the operating handle at a desired rate under one release condition of the mechanism, while a rapid release of the brakes may be efiected under a second release condition of the mechanism without turning of the operating handle.

Having now describedmy invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: i

' 1. Gear mechanism comprising in combination, a hand wheel, a first gear secured for rotation with said hand wheel, a second gear operably engaging said first gear and secured for rotation about a fixed axis, a rigid frame secured to said second gear for rotation therewith, two oppositely disposed pairs of coaxially arranged bevel gears carried by said frame for rotation about an axis projecting at right angles to said fixed axis, each of said pairs of bevel gears comprising a first, bevel gear element rigidly secured to a second bevel gear element of smaller diameter than said first bevel gear element, first and second bevel gears spaced apart and disposed within said frame in axial alignment with said fixed axis and in engagement respectively with said second bevel gear element of each of said pairs of bevel gears, pawl and ratchet means connected to said first and second bevel gears for locking one of said first and second bevel gears against rotation in one direction and the other of said first and second bevel gears against rotation in the opposite direction, means for unlocking said pawl and ratchet means, a third bevel gear disposed in alignment with said fixed axis and in engagement with said first bevel gear element of each of said pairs of bevel gears, and means to be operated secured for rotation with said third bevel gear.

2. Gear mechanism comprising in combination, a first gear adapted to be rotated about a fixed axis, a rigid frame secured to said first gear for rotation therewith, a pair of bevel gears carried by said frame and adapted to rotate about an axis projecting in a directionperpendicular to a projection of said fixed axis, said pair of bevel gears comprising a first bevel gear element and a second bevel gear element rigidly secured to and of smaller diameter than said first bevel gear element, first and second bevel gears of equal size spaced apart and. disposed in alignment with said fixed axis in meshing engagement with said second bevel gear element, pawl and ratchet means connected to said first and second bevel gears for locking one of said first and second bevel gears against rotation in one direction and the other of said first and second bevel gears against rotation in the opposite direction, means for disengaging said pawl and ratchet means for un locking said first and second bevel gears, a third bevel gear disposed in alignment with said fixed axis and in engagement with said first bevel gear element and means to be actuated secured for rotation with said third bevel gear.

3. Gear mechanism comprising in combination, a first gear adapted to be rotated about a fixed axis relative thereto, a frame secured for rotation with said first gear, a dual element bevel gear carried by said frame and rotatable about an axis projecting at right angles to said fixed axis, said dual element gear comprising a first bevel gear element and a second bevel gear element secured to and of larger diameter than said first bevel gear element in coaxial relationship therewith, two spaced apart bevel gears engaging said second bevel gear element, said two bevel gears arranged to rotate about said fixed axis, pawl and ratchet means for preventing one of said two spaced apart bevel gears from turning in one direction and the other of said two spaced apart bevel gears from turning in the opposite direction, another bevel gear engaging said first bevel gear element and arranged to rotate about said'fixed axis, and means to be operated secured to rotate with said other bevel gear.

4. A winding mechanism comprising in combination, a casing, a rigid member adapted to be rotated about a fixed axis relative to said casing, a pair of gear elements carried by said rigid member and rotatable on an axis perpendicular to said fixed axis, said pair of gear elements comprising a first bevel gear element rigidly secured to a second bevel gear element of smaller diameter than said first bevel gear element, a first bevel gear disposed in coaxial alignment with said fixed axis and in engagement with said second bevel gear element, a second bevel gear also disposed in alignment with said fixed axis spaced away from said first bevel gear and also in engagement with said second bevel gear element, a first ratchet wheel rigidly secured for rotation with said first bevel gear, a first pawl carried by said casing and disposed in normal engagement with said first ratchet wheel for preventing rotation thereof in one direction, a second ratchet wheel rigidly secured for rotation with said second bevel gear, a second pawl carried by said casing and disposed in normal engagement with said second ratchet wheel for preventing rotation thereof in a direction opposite to that which said first ratchet wheel is prevented from turning, a third bevel gear disposed in alignment with said fixed axis for engagement with said first bevel gear element, a drum secured for rotation with said third bevel gear, and a flexible element wound on said drum for operative connection to a device to be actuated.

5. In a winding mechanism, the combination with a casing, of a first gear disposed within said casing, and a second gear disposed within said casing and spaced away from said first gear, of a hollow shaft secured at its one end to said first gear for rotation therewith, said hollow shaft supported by said casing and extending outwardly therethrough, a second shaft secured at its one end to said second gear for rotation therewith, said second shaft being longer than said hollow shaft and extending therethrough, a first ratchet wheel secured to the opposite end of said hollow shaft for rotation therewith, a second ratchet wheel secured to the opposite end of said second shaft for rotation therewith, a first pawl pivotally connected to the casing for locking engagement with said first ratchet wheel to prevent its rotation in one direction, a second pawl pivotally connected to the casing for locking engagement with said second ratchet wheel to prevent its rotation in a direction opposite to said one direction, spring means connected to said first and said second pawl for urging each into locking engagement with the respective ratchet wheels, and cam means manually operable to one position to effect disengagement of said first pawl from said first ratchet wheel and to another position to disengage said second pawl from said second ratchet wheel while maintaining said first pawl in disengagement from said first ratchet wheel.

6. Winding mechanism comprising a shaft to be actuated, a driven gear rigidly secured to said shaft, a rotatable driving member arranged coaxial to said gear, a gear element disposed with its axis at right angles to that of said driven gear and member and meshing with said driven gear structure supporting said gear element for rotation with said driving member, a pair of gears of equal diameter arranged in coaxial relation said driven gear and meshing with diametrically opposite portions of said gear element, ratchet means for holding one of said pair of gears against rotation in one direction, other ratchet means for holding the other of said pair of gears against rotation in the opposite direction, and means for releasing either one or both of said ratchet means.

GEORGE K. NEWELL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 618,230 Miller Jan. 24, 1899 2,172,848 OConnor Sept. 12, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 93,472 Germany Mar. 17, 1896

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