US2505042A - Antiaircraft projectile and fuse for said projectile - Google Patents

Antiaircraft projectile and fuse for said projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
US2505042A
US2505042A US762973A US76297347A US2505042A US 2505042 A US2505042 A US 2505042A US 762973 A US762973 A US 762973A US 76297347 A US76297347 A US 76297347A US 2505042 A US2505042 A US 2505042A
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United States
Prior art keywords
projectile
fuse
primer
electrode
target
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Expired - Lifetime
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US762973A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gourdon Robert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BRANDT EDGAR ETS
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BRANDT EDGAR ETS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C13/00—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation
    • F42C13/04—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation operated by radio waves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C13/00—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation
    • F42C13/003—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation operated by variations in electrostatic field

Definitions

  • the present invention has for its object an antiaircraft projectile and a fuse which is extremely simple and easy to manufacture for said projectile and is based on an entirely different principle, said fuse being such that the projectile automatically bursts as soon as it is near the target.
  • Said projectile comprises, in combination, a metal body, an explosive charge in said body, and at the front of said body a fuse which is adapted to ignite said explosive charge by the action of the discharge, 1. e. the flow, through said fuse and said body, of a portion of the electrostatic charge which has accumulated on the target, said projectile, when it is adjacent to said target and owing to its high speed of translation and rotation, producing a preferential path (i. e. a path of lower ohmic resistance than that of all the other possible surrounding paths) which is followed by said electrostatic charge of the target in order to reach a region of the atmosphere at lower potential.
  • a preferential path i. e. a path of lower ohmic resistance than that of all the other possible surrounding paths
  • the ohmic resistance of the surrounding layers through which the projectile passes is therefore substantially changed and a highly ionized preferential discharge path of a certain length is-thus formed which is a better conductor than the surrounding air that has remained calm between the surrounding equipotential layers; it is along this preferential path, the ohmic resistance of which is decreased owing to the presence of the projectile and to the ionization which it produces beh nd it, that a portion of the electrostatic charge accumulated on the surfaces of the aircraft flows.
  • the invention also has for its object a fuse intended for said projectile.
  • Said fuse comprises, in combination, a detonator, a primer located adjacent to said detonator, means for producing through said fuse a path of lower electric resistance than that of the surrounding portions for the discharge of a portion of the electricity accumulated on the target opposite the projectile when said projectile is near said target, and means for igniting said primer by means of said discharge.
  • the ignition occurs automatically as soon as the projectile is sufficiently close to the target for the electric discharge of the static electricity of the target to take place through said fuse; the projectile therefore does not have to come into contact with the target in order to explode; on the other hand, when it explodes, it is at a suitable distance from the target for the effect of the explosion and of the projection of splinters to be efiective.
  • the invention also has for its object a projectile of the aforesaid type, wherein the fuse is protected, before the projectile is fired, from any untimely electric discharge through it my means adapted to be eliminated when the shot is fired, for example by centrifugal effect, since it is essential for such a projectile to be provided with a safetydevice that protectsiit from anyv accident that could becaused by atmospheric discharges, the proximity of high tension electric lines, electric motors in operation, and the like.
  • Fig. 1 is an axial section 'of' aprojectile fuse according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a partial axial;: section,-.,: on. its trajectory, of a projectile containingaazitracer charge;
  • Fig. 3 shows diagrammatically thepath'followed by the electrostatic discharge when a projectile of the type shown in-Fig. 2 is close to the target;
  • Fig. 4 is a fragmentary 'sectionof amodification.
  • the fuse comprises a'fuse-body tin which is fitted,” by moulding or otherwise, an insulating portion 2 formingthe front part of the fuse.
  • the insulatingportin*2 surrounds a filiform axial electrode 3 which-is advery good conductor.
  • a primer 5 is housed in an insulating cup 6 which is preferably made of compressedinaterial. Said cupis in turn fitted inthe-rear section of the insulating portion 2."
  • Thepr-imer' which does not contain any 'extra sensitivesubstance (lead nitride) contains a small percentageof mercury fulminate (about 38%) and substances capable of effecting thedivision,the-oxidation-'or the-binding of' the compound (about 10- to 20% of calcium silicid eyabout 30 to 40% ot-barium nitrate;- about '7 a to 10%of le'ad peroxide)
  • This compound is insensitive-to-mechanical shockssuch asn'iight be caused by-cr-ushing the nose 'of the fuse; it islsuch that' -its ignition is.
  • the fuse is practically insensitive to an impact; it may for example pass through a hard obstacle without operating, since either the electrode 3 merely buckles, i. e. becomes curved, or it comes into contact with the primer at a considerably reduced speed such that, taking into account the relative mechanical inertia of the primer, the same does not operate.
  • filiform electrode 3 of the foregoing examples may be replaced by a conducting substance, for example in powdered form, filling an axial duct provided in the insulating member 2.
  • An anti-aircraft projectile comprising in combination a hollow metal body, an explosive charge in said body, and at least one fuse projecting from said body and comprising a dielectric mass forming a front nose that projects from the body of the projectile, at least one electric conducting element which has practically no capacity and which passes from end to end through said dielectric mass and terminates at the surface thereof by its forward end, a primer located at least adjacent to the other end of said conducting element, means fo igniting said primer by the action of the flow of an electric current through said conducting element and said projectile, and a detonator located adjacent to said primer.
  • a fuse for an anti-aircraft projectile comprising in combination, a metal body, a dielectric mass housed in said body and forming a projecting front nose, at least one electrode extending through said dielectric mass and terminating at one of its ends on the outer surface of said mass, a primer located at least adjacent to the rear end of said electrode, means for igniting said primer by the action of a flow of electricity through said electrode and said projectile, and a detonator mounted in said body behind said primer.
  • said means for igniting said primer comprise a small spark gap provided between the rear end of said electrode and said primer which is sensitive to the electronic impact and to the heat which are produced by an electric discharge passing across said gap.
  • said primer is of a composition which is insensitive to a physical percussion produced by said electrode.
  • Fuse according to claim 3 furthermore comprising means for protecting it from any untimely electric discharge before it is fired.
  • said protecting means comprise a metal cover adapted to cover the front portion of said fuse and to be eliminated as the projectile leaves the barrel of the gun.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
US762973A 1946-07-29 1947-07-23 Antiaircraft projectile and fuse for said projectile Expired - Lifetime US2505042A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1002116T 1946-07-29

Publications (1)

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US2505042A true US2505042A (en) 1950-04-25

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US (1) US2505042A (xx)
BE (1) BE474844A (xx)
FR (1) FR1002116A (xx)
GB (1) GB625372A (xx)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2782716A (en) * 1953-11-30 1957-02-26 North American Aviation Inc Destructible cover for fragile dome
US2922600A (en) * 1956-04-18 1960-01-26 John B Craft Automatic guidance system
US2998775A (en) * 1956-02-09 1961-09-05 John B Craft Proximity fuse
US3218623A (en) * 1961-04-19 1965-11-16 Gen Precision Inc 3 plate proximity scorer
US3359904A (en) * 1966-07-05 1967-12-26 Honeywell Inc Piezoelectric projectile fuze
US3877382A (en) * 1957-06-25 1975-04-15 Us Army Field fuze
US3877378A (en) * 1954-09-28 1975-04-15 Us Army Safety and arming mechanism
US3886867A (en) * 1956-03-23 1975-06-03 Us Army Contact fuze
US3903805A (en) * 1959-02-25 1975-09-09 Avco Corp Impact fuze
US3952660A (en) * 1974-07-17 1976-04-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Fuze safing and arming device utilizing propellant ionization
US4163423A (en) * 1962-04-18 1979-08-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Proximity fuze
US4183303A (en) * 1963-02-25 1980-01-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Proximity fuze
US4291627A (en) * 1979-11-27 1981-09-29 General Electric Company Electrical fuze with a plurality of modes of operation
US6196130B1 (en) * 1998-09-22 2001-03-06 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Electrostatic arming apparatus for an explosive projectile

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3747531A (en) * 1958-02-04 1973-07-24 Us Navy Overriding impact proximity fuze

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2782716A (en) * 1953-11-30 1957-02-26 North American Aviation Inc Destructible cover for fragile dome
US3877378A (en) * 1954-09-28 1975-04-15 Us Army Safety and arming mechanism
US2998775A (en) * 1956-02-09 1961-09-05 John B Craft Proximity fuse
US3886867A (en) * 1956-03-23 1975-06-03 Us Army Contact fuze
US2922600A (en) * 1956-04-18 1960-01-26 John B Craft Automatic guidance system
US3877382A (en) * 1957-06-25 1975-04-15 Us Army Field fuze
US3903805A (en) * 1959-02-25 1975-09-09 Avco Corp Impact fuze
US3218623A (en) * 1961-04-19 1965-11-16 Gen Precision Inc 3 plate proximity scorer
US4163423A (en) * 1962-04-18 1979-08-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Proximity fuze
US4183303A (en) * 1963-02-25 1980-01-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Proximity fuze
US3359904A (en) * 1966-07-05 1967-12-26 Honeywell Inc Piezoelectric projectile fuze
US3952660A (en) * 1974-07-17 1976-04-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Fuze safing and arming device utilizing propellant ionization
US4291627A (en) * 1979-11-27 1981-09-29 General Electric Company Electrical fuze with a plurality of modes of operation
US6196130B1 (en) * 1998-09-22 2001-03-06 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Electrostatic arming apparatus for an explosive projectile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB625372A (en) 1949-06-27
BE474844A (xx)
FR1002116A (fr) 1952-03-03

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