US2502503A - Photosensitive device using a semitransparent mirror and an oscilloscope for testing razor blades for sharpness - Google Patents
Photosensitive device using a semitransparent mirror and an oscilloscope for testing razor blades for sharpness Download PDFInfo
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- US2502503A US2502503A US746753A US74675347A US2502503A US 2502503 A US2502503 A US 2502503A US 746753 A US746753 A US 746753A US 74675347 A US74675347 A US 74675347A US 2502503 A US2502503 A US 2502503A
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- oscilloscope
- sharpness
- testing
- photosensitive device
- edge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/58—Investigating machinability by cutting tools; Investigating the cutting ability of tools
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J40/00—Photoelectric discharge tubes not involving the ionisation of a gas
- H01J40/02—Details
- H01J40/14—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the tube and not otherwise provided for
Definitions
- Claim. (01. 88-14) 1 This invention relates to a device for indicating on the screen of a cathode-ray tube the sharpness of edges of blades or other objects and segregating said blades or other objects.
- light is projected by means of an optical system onto the edge to be tested and the reflected light is applied to a photosensitive device and the resulting signal is applied to the deflection plates of a cathoderay tube.
- the beam of the cathode-ray tube is deflected along one coordinate to represent the reflected light and along another coordinate to indicate the position of the blade. This last motion of the beam is synchronized with the movement of the blades with respect to the optical system.
- Dull spots show up on the screen of the cathode-ray tube as irregularities on an otherwise straight line, the magnitude and extent of the irregularity being proportional to the magnitude and extent of the area of dullness on the blade.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus.
- Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the edge of asharp blade, the incident and reflected light and one of the lenses of the optical system.
- Fig. 3 isa similar view showing the edge of a dull blade. 1 I
- Fig. 4 shows a somewhat diagrammatic embodiment of a modification of the device.
- Figs. 5 and 6 show other diagrammatic. embodiments of other modifications of the device.
- reference character I indicates a source of light from which a beam 3 of light passes through a concentrating lens 2 to a semi-transparent mirror 4 where a portion 3 of it is reflected at right angles to its original path and passes through lenses 5 and 6 and orifice I and strikes the edge of the connected blades 8 which are carried by a device 9 in such a way as to be caused to pass the slit I at a contant speed.
- a portion 3" of the light beam 3' is reflected back along its original path and passes through the mirror 4, and the lenses Ill and II and impinges upon the photocell l2 where it generates an electrical signal that .is applied across the terminals l3 and ll of an oscilloscope l5.
- the blades are .moved at a rate that is synchronous with the horizontal sweep of the oscilloscope and the signals derived from the photocell I! are applied to The way in which this reflection takes place ray a striking directly on the edge of a sharp blade 8, Fig. 2, will be reflected directly back on itself. A ray b or b striking the slope along one side will be reflected too far out to be collected by the lens 6. In the case of a dull edge, Fig. 3, a ray a striking directly on the edge will be reflected directly back.
- a ray 1) or b striking somewhat to one side of the edge will be reflected along a path sumciently close to the original path to be collected by the lens 6 and impinge on the photocell thereby generating a greater signal than that of light reflected by a sharp blade.
- a device of the known sort may be modified to actuate a device that would mark or reject any blades found to be dull in excess of a certain limit. This could be done by applying an opaque paint to a strip covering the line that the cathode-ray would follow with a normal blade. A photocell arranged to pick up the light emitted from the fluorescent screen would receive no light unless the beam were deflected by a dull spot on the blade beyond this narrow band. The resulting electrical impulse could be used to activate a relay that would mark the defective blade so that it could later be cut out of the strip or reject it in a single operation.
- FIG. 4 shows the oscilloscope l5 with its screen l6 masked in the center with opaque paint.
- a photocell I! Directly in front of the screen I8 is a photocell I! followed by an amplifier I! which actuates a device 20, which may be a solenoid or other means to mark or reject the defective blade.
- FIG. 5 Another arrangement of this sort is shown in Fig. 5, in which reference character 2
- any variation in the path of the beam causes the beam to strike the conductive coating 22, and a current flows from battery B through resistance R. causing a voltage to be applied to amplifier 23 which actuates a device 2
- Fig. 6 Still another arrangement of this sort is shown in Fig. 6, in which the reference characters, indicated by primes, are the same as in Fig. 5.
- the conductive coating 22 is placed along a narrow strip on the screen which the beam normally traverses when a sharp blade is being tested, and absence of a signal to the amplifier 23' causes the device 2
- Apparatus for testing the sharpness of an edge comprising a source of light, a semi-transparent mirror positioned in the path of said light to direct said light onto said edge through a limiting aperture, a single photosensitive device positioned behind said mirror to receive solely light reflected directly by said edge through said mirror s,sos,sos
- a cathode ray oscilloscope connected to said photosensitive device to indicate the electrical output therefrom, said mirror, said aperture, said edge and said photosensitive device being located in alignment, whereby the light reflected by said edge onto said photosensitive device is an indication of the sharpness thereof.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
Description
April 4, 1950 c BERKLEY 2,502,503
PHOTOSENSITIVE DEVICE USING A SEMITRANSPARENT MIRROR AND AN OSCILLOSCOPE FOR TESTING RAZOR BLADES FOR SHARPNESS Filed May 8, 1947 [NVENTOR Patented A r. 4, 1950 PI-IOTOSENSITIVE DEVICE USING A SEMI- TBANSPARENT MIRROR AND AN OSOILLO- SCOPE FOR TESTING RAZOR BLADES FOB SHARPNESS Carl Berkley, New York, N. Y., aslignor to Allen B. Du Mont Laboratories, Inc., Passaic, N. 1., a
corporation of Delaware Application May 8, 1947, Serial No. 746,753
1 Claim. (01. 88-14) 1 This invention relates to a device for indicating on the screen of a cathode-ray tube the sharpness of edges of blades or other objects and segregating said blades or other objects.
In carrying out the invention light is projected by means of an optical system onto the edge to be tested and the reflected light is applied to a photosensitive device and the resulting signal is applied to the deflection plates of a cathoderay tube. The beam of the cathode-ray tube is deflected along one coordinate to represent the reflected light and along another coordinate to indicate the position of the blade. This last motion of the beam is synchronized with the movement of the blades with respect to the optical system. Dull spots show up on the screen of the cathode-ray tube as irregularities on an otherwise straight line, the magnitude and extent of the irregularity being proportional to the magnitude and extent of the area of dullness on the blade.
The invention may be understood from the accompanying drawing in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the edge of asharp blade, the incident and reflected light and one of the lenses of the optical system.
Fig. 3 isa similar view showing the edge of a dull blade. 1 I
Fig. 4 shows a somewhat diagrammatic embodiment of a modification of the device.
Figs. 5 and 6 show other diagrammatic. embodiments of other modifications of the device.
In the drawings reference character I indicates a source of light from which a beam 3 of light passes through a concentrating lens 2 to a semi-transparent mirror 4 where a portion 3 of it is reflected at right angles to its original path and passes through lenses 5 and 6 and orifice I and strikes the edge of the connected blades 8 which are carried by a device 9 in such a way as to be caused to pass the slit I at a contant speed. A portion 3" of the light beam 3' is reflected back along its original path and passes through the mirror 4, and the lenses Ill and II and impinges upon the photocell l2 where it generates an electrical signal that .is applied across the terminals l3 and ll of an oscilloscope l5. The blades are .moved at a rate that is synchronous with the horizontal sweep of the oscilloscope and the signals derived from the photocell I! are applied to The way in which this reflection takes place ray a striking directly on the edge of a sharp blade 8, Fig. 2, will be reflected directly back on itself. A ray b or b striking the slope along one side will be reflected too far out to be collected by the lens 6. In the case of a dull edge, Fig. 3, a ray a striking directly on the edge will be reflected directly back. Also, a ray 1) or b striking somewhat to one side of the edge will be reflected along a path sumciently close to the original path to be collected by the lens 6 and impinge on the photocell thereby generating a greater signal than that of light reflected by a sharp blade.
The normal reflection of a sharp blade causes the cathode-ray beam to travel along the line 11 until it comes to a dull portion when the greater reflection causes the greater deflection of the beam as indicated by the bulge l'la on the line IT.
A device of the known sort may be modified to actuate a device that would mark or reject any blades found to be dull in excess of a certain limit. This could be done by applying an opaque paint to a strip covering the line that the cathode-ray would follow with a normal blade. A photocell arranged to pick up the light emitted from the fluorescent screen would receive no light unless the beam were deflected by a dull spot on the blade beyond this narrow band. The resulting electrical impulse could be used to activate a relay that would mark the defective blade so that it could later be cut out of the strip or reject it in a single operation.
This arrangement is shown in Fig. 4 which shows the oscilloscope l5 with its screen l6 masked in the center with opaque paint. Directly in front of the screen I8 is a photocell I! followed by an amplifier I! which actuates a device 20, which may be a solenoid or other means to mark or reject the defective blade.
Another arrangement of this sort is shown in Fig. 5, in which reference character 2| indicates a cathode-ray tube of an oscilloscope supplied with signals from the photocell l2 of Fig. 1. On the insideof the screen of this tube is placed a conductive coating 22 except for a narrow strip the vertical deflection circuits of the oscilloscope.
In this way these signals, are caused to deflect the beam and produce a vertical displacement thereof.
in the center which the beam traverses when a sharp blade is being tested. Any variation in the path of the beam, such as would be caused by a dull blade, causes the beam to strike the conductive coating 22, and a current flows from battery B through resistance R. causing a voltage to be applied to amplifier 23 which actuates a device 2| which may be a solenoid or other means to mark or reject the defective blade.
Still another arrangement of this sort is shown in Fig. 6, in which the reference characters, indicated by primes, are the same as in Fig. 5. In this case, the conductive coating 22 is placed along a narrow strip on the screen which the beam normally traverses when a sharp blade is being tested, and absence of a signal to the amplifier 23' causes the device 2| to mark or reject the defective blade.
In testing double edge blades two units of this sort may be used, one for each edge.
What is claimed is:
Apparatus for testing the sharpness of an edge comprising a source of light, a semi-transparent mirror positioned in the path of said light to direct said light onto said edge through a limiting aperture, a single photosensitive device positioned behind said mirror to receive solely light reflected directly by said edge through said mirror s,sos,sos
and a cathode ray oscilloscope connected to said photosensitive device to indicate the electrical output therefrom, said mirror, said aperture, said edge and said photosensitive device being located in alignment, whereby the light reflected by said edge onto said photosensitive device is an indication of the sharpness thereof.
CARL BERKLEY.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the flle of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name vDate 2,027,595 Knobel Jan. 14, 1936 2,098,326 Wente Nov. 9, 1937 2,244,826 Cox June 10, 1941 2,256,102 Reason Sept. 16, 1941 2,349,687 Williams May 23, 1944
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US746753A US2502503A (en) | 1947-05-08 | 1947-05-08 | Photosensitive device using a semitransparent mirror and an oscilloscope for testing razor blades for sharpness |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US746753A US2502503A (en) | 1947-05-08 | 1947-05-08 | Photosensitive device using a semitransparent mirror and an oscilloscope for testing razor blades for sharpness |
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US2502503A true US2502503A (en) | 1950-04-04 |
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US746753A Expired - Lifetime US2502503A (en) | 1947-05-08 | 1947-05-08 | Photosensitive device using a semitransparent mirror and an oscilloscope for testing razor blades for sharpness |
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Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2755702A (en) * | 1951-10-11 | 1956-07-24 | Gen Electric | Smoothness monitoring device |
US2762254A (en) * | 1951-02-07 | 1956-09-11 | Kegeles Gerson | Electrophoresis apparatus having a prismatic cell |
US2803161A (en) * | 1952-10-02 | 1957-08-20 | Gen Electric | Surface roughness measuring method and device |
US3025747A (en) * | 1956-02-01 | 1962-03-20 | Philip Morris Inc | Method and apparatus for determining cutting ability of an edged metal tool |
US3073212A (en) * | 1957-08-14 | 1963-01-15 | Magnaflux Corp | Optical apparatus for inspecting magnetic particle concentrations |
US3144926A (en) * | 1961-05-17 | 1964-08-18 | Edelman Abraham | Installation for selectively dispatching articles |
US3238675A (en) * | 1964-11-25 | 1966-03-08 | James D Abbott | Automatic grinding apparatus and grinding method |
US3245531A (en) * | 1960-07-11 | 1966-04-12 | Owens Illinois Glass Co | Inspecting articles |
US3263087A (en) * | 1963-03-27 | 1966-07-26 | Gen Electric | Electro-optical distance gage |
US3302787A (en) * | 1963-12-19 | 1967-02-07 | Owens Illinois Inc | Inspecting glass containers for line-over-finish defects |
US5369284A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1994-11-29 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Active edge position measuring device |
US6046764A (en) * | 1995-05-25 | 2000-04-04 | The Gillette Company | Visual inspection system of moving strip edges using cameras and a computer |
US20040207857A1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-10-21 | Lebeau Robert C. | Optical sharpness meter |
US20060192939A1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2006-08-31 | Lebeau Robert C | Optical sharpness meter |
EP3118575A1 (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-01-18 | Weber Maschinenbau GmbH Breidenbach | Device for determining the sharpness level of a blade edge |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2027595A (en) * | 1931-03-19 | 1936-01-14 | Gillette Safety Razor Co | Method and machine for testing blades |
US2098326A (en) * | 1935-04-10 | 1937-11-09 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Calculating device |
US2244826A (en) * | 1938-08-03 | 1941-06-10 | Electric Sorting Machine Compa | Sorting machine |
US2256102A (en) * | 1937-06-02 | 1941-09-16 | Kapella Ltd | Optical measuring or testing apparatus |
US2349687A (en) * | 1942-05-13 | 1944-05-23 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Electromagnetic-inspection system |
-
1947
- 1947-05-08 US US746753A patent/US2502503A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2027595A (en) * | 1931-03-19 | 1936-01-14 | Gillette Safety Razor Co | Method and machine for testing blades |
US2098326A (en) * | 1935-04-10 | 1937-11-09 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Calculating device |
US2256102A (en) * | 1937-06-02 | 1941-09-16 | Kapella Ltd | Optical measuring or testing apparatus |
US2244826A (en) * | 1938-08-03 | 1941-06-10 | Electric Sorting Machine Compa | Sorting machine |
US2349687A (en) * | 1942-05-13 | 1944-05-23 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Electromagnetic-inspection system |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2762254A (en) * | 1951-02-07 | 1956-09-11 | Kegeles Gerson | Electrophoresis apparatus having a prismatic cell |
US2755702A (en) * | 1951-10-11 | 1956-07-24 | Gen Electric | Smoothness monitoring device |
US2803161A (en) * | 1952-10-02 | 1957-08-20 | Gen Electric | Surface roughness measuring method and device |
US3025747A (en) * | 1956-02-01 | 1962-03-20 | Philip Morris Inc | Method and apparatus for determining cutting ability of an edged metal tool |
US3073212A (en) * | 1957-08-14 | 1963-01-15 | Magnaflux Corp | Optical apparatus for inspecting magnetic particle concentrations |
US3245531A (en) * | 1960-07-11 | 1966-04-12 | Owens Illinois Glass Co | Inspecting articles |
US3144926A (en) * | 1961-05-17 | 1964-08-18 | Edelman Abraham | Installation for selectively dispatching articles |
US3263087A (en) * | 1963-03-27 | 1966-07-26 | Gen Electric | Electro-optical distance gage |
US3302787A (en) * | 1963-12-19 | 1967-02-07 | Owens Illinois Inc | Inspecting glass containers for line-over-finish defects |
US3238675A (en) * | 1964-11-25 | 1966-03-08 | James D Abbott | Automatic grinding apparatus and grinding method |
US5369284A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1994-11-29 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Active edge position measuring device |
US6046764A (en) * | 1995-05-25 | 2000-04-04 | The Gillette Company | Visual inspection system of moving strip edges using cameras and a computer |
US20040207857A1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-10-21 | Lebeau Robert C. | Optical sharpness meter |
US20060192939A1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2006-08-31 | Lebeau Robert C | Optical sharpness meter |
EP3118575A1 (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-01-18 | Weber Maschinenbau GmbH Breidenbach | Device for determining the sharpness level of a blade edge |
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