US2496974A - Nailing machine - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 79 1950 E, P. ANsTET-r 2,49,974

NAILING MACHINE Filed March 26, 1945 2 sheets-sheet 1 Feb., R 3%@ E. P. ANSTETT 294969974y NAILING MACHINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed MaIGh 26, 1945 Patented Feb. 7, 195@ N AILING MAQHTNE,

Edgar P. Anstett, Chicago, Ill., assigner, byy directr and mesme assignments, to` Powernails Ccmpany, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application March 26, 1945, Serial No. 584,755

(Cl. lm'') Claims.

This invention relates to nailing machines of' the type which are used for driving a nail into a picture frame or the like, for holding a cardboard or similar backing which is positioned in the frame over the glass.

In the mounting of pictures or the like in picture frames it is usual to place a glass in a rabbet in the frame, then place the picture or other paper to be framed over the glass and back the same with a piece of cardboard of approximately the same size as the piece oi glass. The assembly is then held in place by a series of nailswhich are driven part way into the wood of the frame so that aportion of each nail projects inwardly of the frame opening and overlies the cardboard backing. In order to prevent any possible movement of the cardboard backing it is necessary that the lprojecting part of the nail be in such a position as to exert some pressureagainst the cardboard, pressing it towards the glass. It is one of the objects of the present invention to provide a nailing machine particularly adapted for use in connection with picture frames, which nailing machine will drive a nail straight through the rst fractional part of its travel into the frame and then will drive it at an angle to force the portion of the nail that has not yet beenV driven into the wood out of its original straight line position into pressure engagement with the cardboard backing, and which nailing machine will continue to drive the nail a very short distance while at the same time also pressing the nail towards the cardboard backing. As a result of this arrangement the nail is positively forced into pressure engagement with the cardboard while the part of the nail) which is in the wood, or a major part of that part of the nail which is in the wood, is snugly held in place by the wood.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a nailing machine wherein the individual nail that is being driven into the wood is confined against Abuckling during at least the major part of the nail driving operation.

The attainment of the above and further objects of the present invention will be apparent from the following specification taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof,

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side View of the nailing machine of the present invention in use;

Figure 2 is a front view of the nailing machine of the present invention;

Figure 3 is an enlarged side view of the machine 2 with certain parts broken awayl to illustratey the interior construction;

Figurel is a section taken along the line 4--4' of Figure 3 and looking in the direction of thev view through the nailing head of the machine of* the present invention, said View being taken along the line 9-9 of Figure 2K;

Figure 10 is a View similar to Figure 9 andv showing the driving plunger in its extreme driven position;

Figure 11 is a View taken along the line II-ll of Figure 10 and looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Figure l2 is an enlargedv sectional view taken along the line lZ-I 2 of Figure 9.

Reference may now be had more particular-ly to the drawings wherein like reference numerals designate like parts throughout.

The machine of the present invention is particularly adapted for driving into a picture frame those nails which are used to hold the picture and glass in place. sectional view of a conventional type of wooden picture frame whereinthe frame members have the usual'frabbet 2 on which is supported a rectangular glass pane 3 whereon is laid the picture i to be framed, whichv picture is backed by a cardboard backing 5. wood frame part way of the length of the nail, and the protruding part is bent downwardly into engagement with the back ofthe cardboard back 5 to hold the backing in place and thus hold the picture l and glass 3 in place. The ymachine 'l of the present invention is particularly adapted forv driving the nails 6 in place in such a manner that by a single operation the nail is driven into the picture frame and is bent downwardly into erigagement with the backing 5.

rihe machine of the present invention comprises a base le having an upright handle il extending therefrom. The base and handle constitute one unitary castingI` preferably oi a plastic material which may be thermoplastic or thermo At i there is illustrated a crossl Nails 6 are driven into the Y' setting. The handle II has a vertically extending straight bore on opposite sides of which are mounted two lengthwise extending steel strips I2-i2 which constitute a trackway for a stack of nails. The strips I2I2 extend the full height of the machine and are spaced apart, as indicated at I3, an amount slightly in excess of the width of the nail. The inner side of the bore within which the strips I2-I2 are mounted is a lesser width as indicated at I4 than at I5. The Width at I4, however, is greater than the Width of the space I3 between the strips. There is thus formed a longitudinally extending vertical groove I5 for receiving the heads of the nails of a stick of nails, said heads bearing against shoulders I5 which are the edges of the strips I2. The shoulders act as rails for holding the heads of the nails against forward movement through the space I3 while permitting downward movement of the nails.

The base I0 of the nailing machine extends rearwardly from the handle Il and has, at its bottom rear portion, a rectangular channelshaped groove for receiving a rectangular shank 2| of a plunger 22. The plunger 22 has a straight -slot 24 in the top surface thereof for receiving the lower end of a screw 25 which is threaded in the base I0 and acts as a limiting stop to limit the stroke of the plunger. A spring 26 normally urges the plunger to its retracted g` position.

The bottom of the plunger 22 has a central longitudinally extending straight projection 2'I extending the full length thereof. The projection 2'! is of a width only slightly greater than :3*y

the width of the head of a nail to be driven by the machine. The projection 21 has a cross slot 28 intermediate the ends thereof, and is of a shorter height at the front of the plunger than at the rear, as indicated at 29. A steel driver blade 3| of a width exactly the same as that of the projection 21 and of a thickness equal to the difference in height between the base of the projection 2l and the surface 29 is positioned against the surface 29 and has a bent over lip 34 that extends into the slot 28.

A metal plate 40, of a thickness of approximately l@ of an inch, is laid on the bottom surface of the base ID. The plate has a longitudinally extending channel 42 that embraces the projection 21 and the blade 3I. The inside width of the channel very slightly exceeds the width of the head of a nail to be driven by the machine. The bottom of the trough 42 of the plate 4Q is ush with the bottom of the plates i5- 45, as

may be seen from Figure 6. The top of the trough 42 of the plate 45 acts as a support for the blade 3| of the plunger. The plate l0 has four oval holes 43-43 through which the shanks of fastener screws 44 may extend, The four i screws 44 pass through holes in the base I5, through the elongated holes 43-43 in the plate and thread into two steel plates 45-45, drawing those steel plates firmly against the plate 45 and drawing that plate firmly against the bottom of the base I0. It is obvious that by loosening the screw 44--44 the position of the plate 4E! may be shifted to or from the forward end of the machine and then by retightening the screws the position of the plate is locked.

The steel plates 45 are each of a length equal 'to the length of the base I0 of the machine and of a width slightly less than half of the width of the base I IJ, each of the plates 45 extending from the outer ange of the channel 42 of the f projection 5l from the vertical groove I5.

4 plate 4Q to the side of the machine, as may be seen from Figure 5.

The forward bottom surface of each plate 45 is milled to a reduced thickness, as indicated at 4S in Figure 8. The portion of reduced thickness extends back from the forward edge of the plate 45 an amount approximately one-half inch, or an amount slightly in excess of the maximum distance which the end of a driven nail protrudes from the rabbet 2 of a picture frame or the like. This is for a purpose which will be apparent as this description proceeds.

The top of the handle I I is provided with a spring closure plate which lies flat on the top of the handle and is held in position by a single screw 56 that also acts as a pivot for the closure 55. The closure 55 has a slight depression 51 that extends into the space I5 0f the handle and thus holds the closure 55 against turning about the center of the screw 56. The closure 55 also has a short upstanding gripping ear 58,

If it is desired to insert nails into the machine the ear 5S of the closure plate 55 is grasped and pulled upwardly an amount sufficient to clear the This lifting action is possible without actuating the screw 56, due to the springiness of the material of the closure 55. Aftel` the closure has been lifted an amount such that the projection 5l clears the groove I5, the closure plate is turned 180 about the screw 56 as a center. Thereafter a stick of nails, indicated at 59, is inserted into the machine. The nails are sheet metal stampings, T-shaped, with the head of the T approximately twice as wide as the width of the shank of the nail. The nails are positioned one above the other and are adhered together into a stick by a coating of glue. The Shanks of the nails of the stick extend into the space I3 between the two strips I2--I2, and the heads of the nails ride upon the shoulders I5, the heads being too wide to pass through the space I3 between the two strips I2-I2. The strips I2-I2 thus act as rails guiding the heads of the nails downwardly. The bottom nail of the stick rests upon the top surface of the channel web 42 of the plate 4U, as may be seen from Figure 9. The forward edge of the plate 40 terminates rearwardly of the forward edge of the machine an amount slightly less than one-half inch. The exact amount is determined by the manual positioning of the adjustable plate 40, which may be shifted forwardly or rearwardly within the limits determined by the sizes of the oval slots 33 through which the screws 44 extend.

It is to be noted that the forward driving edge 6I of the blade 3l is not at right angles to the top and bottom planar surfaces of the blade but at a slight inclination to the vertical. This lnclination may be of the order of 20-30 to the vertical.

When the blade 3| is in the position illustrated in Figure 9 it is ready to engage the head of the bottommost driving nail. If the blade 3| is moved forwardly from the position illustrated in Figure 9 it then moves the lowermost nail forwardly driving it into the rabbet of the picture frame. At the same time the inclined edge 60 of the driving blade 3| tends to drive the rear end of the nail downwardly. The rear end of the nail cannot move downwardly because it is supported by the top surface of the channel 42 of the plate 4D. The nail is thus driven straight into the rabbet, and continues to move straight until the head of the nail clear-s the plate 40.

At this time the nail is no `longer supported against downward movement. vDue to the inclination of the surface 60 of the driving blade 3| further movement of the driving blade imposes a downward force on the head of the nail and forces the head downwardly into engagement with the cardboard backing 5 in the picture frame. The adjustment of .the plate 40 smade such that the forward end 60 of the blade 3| in its extreme forward driven position sl'mhtly in advance of the forward edge ofv the vplate 40. As a result the nail is driven forward and downwardly for only a very short distance, approximately 146 of an inch.

The blade 3| is of a width equal to the width of the head of the nails. After the nail has been driven forward a very slight amount the head of the nail and the end of the driving blade 3l move between the bottom of the steel strips l2-I 2 and the top or inner surface'of the web .of the channel 62 and are confined in that space against upward or downward movement. This confining action permits the use of a driving blade 3l no thicker than the thickness of the nail. After the nail head clears the plate 4U and is no-longer confined against downward movement the steel strips |2-I2 still continue to support the blade 3l and the nail head against upward movement.

If longer nails are used the plate 40 is vmoved slightly rearward. Also, for longer nails the blade 3l is preferably, but not necessarily, replaced by a similar blade of a slightly shorter length. By way of example, if the nail is 1/4 inch longer the blade may be 1A; inch shorter.

After the nail has been driven into the wood the machine may be slid along the edge of the picture frame to the next nail driving position. During such movement of the machine the cutout part 48 of the plate 45 passes over the portion of the nail that projects from the vertical wall of the rabbet of the picture frame. As a result of this cut-away portion 48 a side movement of the machine from one nailing position to the next while keeping the machine in position on the picture frame does not impose any side bending stresses on the projecting end of the last driven nail.

If it is desired to drive a nail completely into the wood the plunger 2l is replaced by one having a longer slot 24, which will give the plunger a longer stroke, and the plate lill is adjusted forwardly until its forward edge is at or very close to the forward edge of the machine.

In compliance with the requirements 0f the patent statutes I have here shown and described a preferred embodiment of my invention. It is, however, to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise construction here shown, the same being merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. What is considered new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. A nailing machine having a nail driving plunger adapted to bear against the head end of a nail, the nail driving bearing end of the plunger being inclined with respect to a plane at right angles to the direction of travel of the plunger, and means for supporting a nail against bending under the action 0f said inclined bearing end of the plunger during at least a part of the nail driving movement.

2. A nailing machine having a nail driving plunger adapted to bear against the head end of a nail, the bearing end of the plunger being inclined with respect to a plane at right angles tothe direction vof travel of the plunger, and means for supporting a nail against bending under the action of said inclined bearing end of the plunger during at least a part of the nail driving movement, said means terminating short of the end of the driving stroke of the nail whereby as the driving stroke is being completed the inclined bearing end of the plunger forces one end of the nail to deflect from a straight line path.

3. A nailing machine including means for driving a nail for a distance equal to a fractional part of the length of the nail, means for supporting the nail against side movement during the major portion of the driving travel of the nail, said nail clearing the said supporting means as the nail approaches its limit of travel, said driving means including means for forcing one end of a nail sideways towards the end of the driving movement thereof after the nail clears said supporting means.

4. A nailing machine having means for receiving a stack of nails, a plunger adapted to drive the first nail of the stack forward, said plunger having a nail rbearing end at an inclination to the end of the nail being driven so that the plunger'tends to impart a side force in addition to the forward driving force to the nail, means conning the nail against said side, said confining means terminating short of the limit of travel of a nail under the action of the plunger so that as a nail approaches its limit of travel a portion thereof is capable of side exing under the action of the side force imposed thereon by the plunger.

5. A nailing machine including a nail driving plunger, a plate supporting a surface of the nail being driven land along which the plunger and the driven nail slide, said nail clearing said supporting plate as the nail approaches its limit of travel whereby for the remainder of the driving stroke of the nail it is unsupported along that surface of the nail which previously slid on the plate, said plate being located at an en-d of the machine and being adjustable in the direction of driving movement of the nail to alter the position at which the nail ceases to be supported by the plate, land means for securing the plate in its adjusted position.

6. In a nailing machine, a magazine for supporting a stack of nails, a plunger having an angled face for vdriving the nails one lat a time, and guide means for guiding the driven nail for a predetermined distance in the direction of movement of the plunger, one end of said nail thereafter being deflected vat an angle to its initial movement by said angled face of said plunger as the nail clears the guide means.

'7. In a nailing machine. a magazine for supporting a plurality of nails, a plunger having an angled face for drivingl the nails one at a time, guide means for restricting movement of a driven nail to a single direction for a predetermined distance when force is applied thereto by the angled face of said plunger, thereafter said angled face causing movement of one end of said 'driven nail at an angle to said direction, and means for automatically returning said plunger in readiness for driving the next nail.

8. In a portable nailing machine, a magazine for holding a plurality of nails, a plunger having an angled face for driving said nails one at a time, a guide plate having a channel portion for supporting part of sai-d plunger and part of the driven nail, said guide plate terminating a predetermined distance short of the extent of driving movement of the angled face of said plunger, and plates adjacent said channel portion having recessed portions extending forward of the en d of said channel portion, Wherebysaid portable nailing machine may be slid past the nail that has been partially driven thereby.

9. In a machine for driving a headed nail, a magazine for receiving a plurality of said nails having a receiving recess conforming tothe contour of said nail but slightly in excess thereof, a plunger having an angled face for driving the nails one at a time, and a guideway underlying a portion of said plunger and a portion of the driven nail, said guideway terminating short of the extent of forward movement of the angled face of said plunger, whereby the driven nail is guided between the underside of said magazine and said guideway during only a portion of its driven movement and thereafter one end of said nail is free to move also at an angle to its guided movement during the remainder of the driving stroke of the langled face of said plunger.

10. In a nailing machine, a magazine for supporting a plurality of nails, a plunger having an angled face for driving of said nails one at a time,

and an ladjustable guideway supporting at least a portion of said plunger and only a portion of the driven nail, said guideway terminating short of the extent of forward movement of the angled face of said plunger, whereby said driven nail wi1l be driven by the angled face of said plunger in a, single direction for the extent of said guideway and thereafter one end of said nail will be deilected at an angle to said direction by the angled face of said plunger, and means fol` adjustably securing said guideway in place.

EDGAR P. ANSTETT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

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