US2495684A - Multivibrator - Google Patents

Multivibrator Download PDF

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Publication number
US2495684A
US2495684A US597283A US59728345A US2495684A US 2495684 A US2495684 A US 2495684A US 597283 A US597283 A US 597283A US 59728345 A US59728345 A US 59728345A US 2495684 A US2495684 A US 2495684A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
space current
resistor
control grid
positive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US597283A
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English (en)
Inventor
Arnold H Bartels
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Farnsworth Research Corp
Original Assignee
Farnsworth Research Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Farnsworth Research Corp filed Critical Farnsworth Research Corp
Priority to US597283A priority Critical patent/US2495684A/en
Priority to CH243220D priority patent/CH243220A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2495684A publication Critical patent/US2495684A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
    • H03K3/04—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of vacuum tubes only, with positive feedback
    • H03K3/05—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of vacuum tubes only, with positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback
    • H03K3/06—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of vacuum tubes only, with positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback using at least two tubes so coupled that the input of one is derived from the output of another, e.g. multivibrator
    • H03K3/10—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of vacuum tubes only, with positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback using at least two tubes so coupled that the input of one is derived from the output of another, e.g. multivibrator monostable
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
    • H03K3/04—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of vacuum tubes only, with positive feedback
    • H03K3/05—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of vacuum tubes only, with positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback
    • H03K3/06—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of vacuum tubes only, with positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback using at least two tubes so coupled that the input of one is derived from the output of another, e.g. multivibrator
    • H03K3/08—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of vacuum tubes only, with positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback using at least two tubes so coupled that the input of one is derived from the output of another, e.g. multivibrator astable

Definitions

  • This invention relates and particularlyto apparatus of this character employing multivibrators.
  • t therefore, is an object of the present invention to provide a novel multivibrator whereby the generated impulses are of steeper wave form than'those obtainable from prior art devices of this character.
  • Another objectof the invention is to provide a novelmultivibrator wherein the operation is stabilized so as to minimize variations in the output as a result of fluctuations elsewhere in thecircuit.
  • a multivibrator comprising a pair of vacuum tubes, each of whichhas a cathode, an anode and a control grid.
  • the respective anodes of'the tubes are cross-coupled to the respective grids by means of condensers.
  • a leak circuit/for each of the coupling condensers Such an arrangement'is generally that of a conventional multivibrator.
  • This. invention provides additionally. for the biasing of one of the tubes to a point above that of space current cut-off.
  • the grid of the tube which is biased above the point of space current cut-ofi is coupled by means of a resistor to the positive terminal of a source of space current for the tubes.
  • the cathode of the tube which is biased below the point of space current cut-oii is coupled by means of a resistor to the positive terminal of the space current source.
  • the control grid of the tube which is biased above the point of space current cut-ofi is connected by means of a resistor to the cathode of the other tube.
  • the single figure of the accompanying drawing is a schematic circuit arrangement of a multivibrator embodying the present invention.
  • each of the tubes is provided with at least a cathode, an anode and a control grid.
  • Space current for the tubes is provided from a suitable source such as a battery 3, the negative terminal of which is connected to ground and the positive terminal of which is connected through load resistors i and 5 to the anodes of tubes I and 2, respectively.
  • the cathodes of tubes I and 2 are connected through respective resistors 6 and I to the grounded negative terminal of the battery 3.
  • the tube I is biased to a point below that of space current cut-off by means of the connection of the cathode thereof through a resistor 8 to the positive terminal of the battery 3.
  • the tube 2 is biased to a point above that of space current cut-off by means of the connection of the control grid thereof through a resistor 9- to a source of positive potential.
  • the resistor 9 may be connected for this purpose to the cathode of the tube I or, if desired, the resistor 9 of suitably higher value may be connected directly to the positive terminal of the battery 3 or any other source of potential which is of positive polarity relative to the cathode of tube 2.
  • the anode of tube I is coupled by a condenser II to the control grid of the tube 2.
  • the anode of tube 2 is coupled by a condenser I2 to the control grid of tube I.
  • a leak circuit for the coupling condenser II includes the resistor 9.
  • a leak circuit for the coupling condenser I2 comprises a variable resistor I3 connected between the control grid of tube I and ground.
  • the operation of the multivibrator is controlled by a series of control impulses derived from a source I4 which is coupled to the anode of tube I.
  • the impulses generated by this apparatus are developed in the resistor l which may be coupled in any suitable manner to any desired utilization circuit I5.
  • the anode potential of the tube I is depressed as a result of the voltage drop in the resistor produced by the traversal thereof by the space current and this depressed voltage also is impressed by the coupling condenser II upon the control grid of tube 2 to still further reduce the flow of space current therein.
  • the conduction of space current in the tube 2 is terminated and the conduction of space current in tube I is initiated substantially instantaneously.
  • the voltage developed in the resistor I decreases to zero to generate the leadin edge of a negative impulse for impression upon the utilization circuit I5.
  • the impulses generated by this apparatus operating in the manner described are of negative polarity as developed in the resistor I.
  • the leading edges of the impulses are developed when the conduction of space current in the tube 2 is terminated.
  • the trailing edges of the impulses are developed by the initiation of the conduction of space current in this tube.
  • the width or time durations of these impulses then are determined by t e time during which the tube 2 is maintained in a non-conducting state. This condition in turn is determined by the time required for the positive charge of the coupling condenser it to leak cit through the resistor i3 sufliciently to permit the biasing of tube l to terminate the conduction of space current in this tube.
  • the widths or time durations of the impulses developed in the resistor i may be varied by effecting a suitable adjustment of the variable resistor it.
  • the time constant of the circuit including this resistor and the coupling condenser l2 thereby may be changed to effect a corresponding variation in the time required for the condenser charge to leak off sufiiciently to render the tube l non-conducting.
  • initiation of space current in one of the electronic devices occurs substantially instantaneously until the magnitude of the space current approaches its steady state condition.
  • the wave form of the voltage produced by the initiation or" the conduction of space current in one of the tubes consequently, is somewhat rounded off. In other words, the current does not rise abruptly from one steady state value to another and level oiT at this other value immediately to produce a sharp wave form.
  • the positive biasing or the control grid of tube 2 effects a material improvement in the wave form of the voltage developed in the resistor E.
  • One explanation for this which at present appears to be a plausible theory of operation of a device such as that disclosed embodying the invention is offered herewith. Assume that the tube is conditioned for the conduction of space current and that tube 2 is conditioned for the non-conduction of space current. Under these conditions a positive potential is impressed upon the control grid of tube l which in time leaks ofi through the resistor it as described.
  • control grid of tube 2 not only is influenced by the potential derived from the anode of tube l in effecting the initiation of space current conduction therein, but it also is subjected to the influence of the positive biasing voltage derived through the resistor 9 from'the battery 3.
  • the additional aid furnished by the positive biasing potential for the control grid of tube 2 is the means whereby the conduction of space current in the tube 2 is increased from zero to substantially its maximum value without gradually leveling off to the maximum value as in prior art multivibrators.
  • the wave form of the impulsive voltage developed in the resistor l is materially improved by the steepening of its trailing edge.
  • the gain or amplification factor of the tube 2 may vary over a considerable range for any of a number of reasons, such as a variation in the voltage of the battery 3, without efiecting the reflection of such variations in the impulsive voltage developed in the cathode resistor I.
  • a multivibrator comprising, first and second vacuum tubes, each having a cathode, an anode and a control grid, respective condensers coupled between the anodes of each of said tubes and the control grids of the other of said tubes, a.
  • source of space current for said tubes having its positive terminal coupled to the anodes of said tubes, respective resistors coupled between the cathodes of said tubes and the negative terminal of said source of space current, a leak resistor for one of said condensers coupled between the control grid of said first vacuum tube and the negative terminal of said source of space current, a leak resistor for the other of said condensers connected between the control grid of said second tube and the cathode of said first tube, a resistor coupled between the cathode of said first tube and the positive terminal of said source of space current, a source of control signals of negative polarity coupled to the anode of said first tube, and a utilization circuit coupled to the cathode connected resistor of said second tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
US597283A 1945-06-02 1945-06-02 Multivibrator Expired - Lifetime US2495684A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US597283A US2495684A (en) 1945-06-02 1945-06-02 Multivibrator
CH243220D CH243220A (de) 1945-06-02 1945-06-02 Multivibratorschaltung zur Erzeugung von rechteckförmigen Impulsspannungen.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US597283A US2495684A (en) 1945-06-02 1945-06-02 Multivibrator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2495684A true US2495684A (en) 1950-01-31

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CH (1) CH243220A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2639858A (en) * 1950-09-13 1953-05-26 Hagan Corp Multivibrator tube circuits
DE1074127B (de) 1956-05-30 1960-01-28 Siemens Schuckertwerke Aktien gesellschaft Berlin und Erlangen Zweiipunktregler unter anwendung eines an sich stetigen verstärkers mit kippkennlinie durch überkritische trägheitsarme mitkopplung
US3018958A (en) * 1956-08-31 1962-01-30 Ibm Very high frequency computing circuit
US3254300A (en) * 1959-01-12 1966-05-31 Gpe Controls Inc Control system responsive to the time interval between events

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL81337C (de) * 1952-03-06

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2050059A (en) * 1934-03-01 1936-08-04 Rca Corp Relay system
US2262838A (en) * 1937-11-19 1941-11-18 Int Standard Electric Corp Electric signaling system
US2266526A (en) * 1938-04-11 1941-12-16 Emi Ltd Electrical oscillation generator
US2272070A (en) * 1938-10-03 1942-02-03 Int Standard Electric Corp Electric signaling system
GB555078A (en) * 1942-05-13 1943-08-03 Herbert William Pratley Improvements in multi-vibrator valve generating circuits
US2373145A (en) * 1943-03-30 1945-04-10 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Delayed trigger circuit
US2390608A (en) * 1943-10-05 1945-12-11 Rca Corp Frequency multiplier
US2418127A (en) * 1942-12-01 1947-04-01 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Filter system
US2422205A (en) * 1943-10-05 1947-06-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Range indicator
US2441579A (en) * 1943-01-06 1948-05-18 Sperry Corp Stabilized multivibrator

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2050059A (en) * 1934-03-01 1936-08-04 Rca Corp Relay system
US2262838A (en) * 1937-11-19 1941-11-18 Int Standard Electric Corp Electric signaling system
US2266526A (en) * 1938-04-11 1941-12-16 Emi Ltd Electrical oscillation generator
US2272070A (en) * 1938-10-03 1942-02-03 Int Standard Electric Corp Electric signaling system
GB555078A (en) * 1942-05-13 1943-08-03 Herbert William Pratley Improvements in multi-vibrator valve generating circuits
US2418127A (en) * 1942-12-01 1947-04-01 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Filter system
US2441579A (en) * 1943-01-06 1948-05-18 Sperry Corp Stabilized multivibrator
US2373145A (en) * 1943-03-30 1945-04-10 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Delayed trigger circuit
US2390608A (en) * 1943-10-05 1945-12-11 Rca Corp Frequency multiplier
US2422205A (en) * 1943-10-05 1947-06-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Range indicator

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2639858A (en) * 1950-09-13 1953-05-26 Hagan Corp Multivibrator tube circuits
DE1074127B (de) 1956-05-30 1960-01-28 Siemens Schuckertwerke Aktien gesellschaft Berlin und Erlangen Zweiipunktregler unter anwendung eines an sich stetigen verstärkers mit kippkennlinie durch überkritische trägheitsarme mitkopplung
US3018958A (en) * 1956-08-31 1962-01-30 Ibm Very high frequency computing circuit
US3254300A (en) * 1959-01-12 1966-05-31 Gpe Controls Inc Control system responsive to the time interval between events

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH243220A (de) 1946-06-30

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