US2494691A - Electric wave guide - Google Patents

Electric wave guide Download PDF

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Publication number
US2494691A
US2494691A US589069A US58906945A US2494691A US 2494691 A US2494691 A US 2494691A US 589069 A US589069 A US 589069A US 58906945 A US58906945 A US 58906945A US 2494691 A US2494691 A US 2494691A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sections
wave guide
portions
guide
energy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US589069A
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English (en)
Inventor
Cork Edward Cecil
Bowman-Manifold Michael
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EMI Ltd
Electrical and Musical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
EMI Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB1234942A external-priority patent/GB595352A/en
Application filed by EMI Ltd filed Critical EMI Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2494691A publication Critical patent/US2494691A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/06—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints
    • H01P1/062—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation
    • H01P1/066—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation
    • H01P1/067—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation the energy being transmitted in only one line located on the axis of rotation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/06—Cavity resonators

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electric wave guides which are employed for transmitting electro-magnetic energy of very high frequency.
  • the invention is exclusively concerned with the type of wave guide consisting of a hollow metallic conductor.
  • 1t has been found necessary to provide for the rotation of a section of a wave guide with respect to an adjacent section.
  • a transmitting or receiving system where the energy transmitted or received is picked up by a wave guide it may be desired to associate with said wave guide a reflector for the transmitted or received energy and to cause the wave guide and the reflector to be rotated during transmission or reception.
  • the transmitter and receiver be located at a point remote from the transmitting or receiving portions of the wave guide and their associated reflectors and consequently the provision of means which enable one section of the Wave guide to be rotated with respect to another section becomes necessary.
  • an electric wave guide having two adjacent sections mounted for relative rotational movement, said sections having overlapping surfaces which are not in contact with one another, said overlapping surfaces having such dimensions as to afford an effective short circuit at the adjacent ends of the sections of the ,wave guide.
  • the overlapping surfaces are air-spaced and sin-ce the two sections of the wave guide are not in contact with one another undesirable electrical noise such as referred to above is not produced and as stated by suitablychoosing the dimensions of the overlapping surfaces an effective short-circuit is provided at adjacent ends of the sections so that no substantial impedance variation is produced at the adjacent ends of the sections and the escape of a substantial amount of energy is prevented.
  • Figure 1 shows a longitudinally sectional View through two sections of a wave guide lconstructed in accordance with the invention
  • FIGS 2, 3 and 4 are similar views illustrating modified forms of the invention and,
  • Figure 5 is a view of a transmitting and receiving apparatus embodying the construction shown in Figure 1.
  • the reference numeral G indicates one section of a Wave guide which comprises a hollow tubular conductor of circular form in cross section and which may be used for the transmission of waves, in particular waves of the E01 mode.
  • the reference numeral 'l indicates a similar section of wave guide, the adjacent ends of the two sections being spaced apart as shown and provided with annular flanges 8 and 9, as shown.
  • the flanges 8 and 9 provide the overlapping surfaces referred to above.
  • a wave transmitted past the gap between the adjacent ends 6 and 'l tends to radiate a small portion of its energy through the gap, and further, the gap presents an impedance to the longitudinal surface currents set up in the guide.
  • the distance between the two flanges is small and is constant, throughout the area of the anges and the radial depth of the flanges is so chosen that it effectively provides a quarter wave-length line open-circuited at the end remote from the adjacent ends of the sections 6 and l.
  • a quarter-wavelength line opencircuited at one end effectively provides a short circuit at the opposite end and, consequently, in the construction shown in Figure 1 an effective short circuit is presented at the ladjacent ends of the sections 6 and l.
  • the wave guide has a suitable diameter for the transmission of energy of a free space wave length vof 3.2 centimeters
  • the distance apart of the flanges 3 and 9 may be half a millimetre and the flanges may be approximately 8 millimetres in radial depth.
  • Figure 2 of the drawings illustrates a modied form of the invention in which the vflanges 8 and 9 are composed of an odd integral number of quarter wavelength portions and are shaped to present a so-called labyrinth construction.
  • the length of the portions of the labyrinth should Abe chosen so that the portions X and Y are-approximately equal to a quarter-wavelength of the energy transmitted along the guide.
  • the portions X should have a larger spacing than the portions Y so that a wave tending to escape suffers repeated reflections and -is thus substantially attenuated due to the unequal characteristic impedances of the portions X and Y.
  • Figure 3 shows a further modification of the invention in which the anges i3 and 9 are again composed of an odd integral number of quarter wavelength portions.
  • the flanges are formed from three quarter wavelength portions and the distance between the two anges at the central portion is not constant since the flange 9 is provided with an annular protrusion I which makes the characteristic impedance of the central portion different from that of the other portions so as to cause repeated reflection of a wave tending to escape.
  • the overlapping surfaces afforded by the flanges 8 and Si should lie, in general, in a plane transverse to the axis of the guide since the effect of the invention can be obtained if the overlapping surfaces are, in general, concentric with the axis of the guide.
  • Figure 4 of the drawings illustrates a construction of this latter form from which it will be observed that the section 6 is ⁇ provided with an extension II of large diameter which receives the adjacent end of the section i'.
  • the length of the section I l is chosen to be effectively equal to a quarter-wavelength of the energy transmitted along the guide.
  • FIG. 5 of the drawings illustratesapparatus for vtransmitting and receiving high frequency energy with which the invention may be employed.
  • a transmitting aerial I2 is vemployed which comprises a wave guide section having aslot I3 Vthrough which energy isiradiated.
  • the aerial I2 is disposed at the focus of a parabolic reflector Ill which causes the energy to be radiated in a desired direction.
  • the receiving aerial I5 also comprises a wave guide section provided with a slot I 6 whichis disposed at the focus of a further parabolic reflector Ii'.
  • the energy transmitted from the aerial I2 is fed thereto through a wave guide section I3 and the energy picked up by the receiving aerial l 5 is fed therefrom to a wave guide section Iii, the sections I8 and i9 being connected respectively to a tra-nsmitting and receiving apparatus located at apoint remote from the aerials i2 Aand l5. It is desirable in operation of the apparatus shown in Figure 3 to rotate the reiiectors 'I and Ii' and their associated aerials relatively to the guide sections i8 ⁇ and I 9.
  • a suitable motor Zi is provided which is'so coupled to the reflectors I4 and Ii' and their associated aerials as to'cause the latter to rotate relatively to the wave guide sections I8 'and I9.
  • An yelectric wave guide devoid of any inner Yconductor and having two adjacent sections mounted for relative rotational movement, said sections having annular flanges on the adjacent ends thereof, at least one of said flanges having a raised annular surface portion connected to the body of the flange by substantially cylindrical surface portions, the radial width of said annular surface ⁇ portion being effectively equal lto a quarter-wavelength of the energy to be transmitted along the guide andthe spacing between said annular surface portion and the corresponding surface of the opposing flange being different than the spacing between the remaining portions of the flanges to provide different characteristic ⁇ impedances thereby to Iprovide repeated reflection of the energy passing bctween said flanges.
  • a wave guide in the form of a num-ber of hollow conductive .tubes arranged in a coaxial end-to-end relationship, said tubes being rotatable with respect to one another about their common axis, said tubes being provided with overlapping surfaces at their vadjacent ends, said surfaces lhaving a narrow gap therebetween, the eX- tent of overlap of said surfaces being equal to an odd integral number of straight quarter wavelength portions, said straight portions being arranged to vform a zig-zag passageway from the interior of said tubes to ambient space, to provide series connected sections of said gap having different characteristic irnpedances ⁇ so as to cause repeated reflection of energy which tends to escape through said gap.
  • a wave guide structure having two abutting coaXially arranged sections arranged'for relative movement about the aXis of said sections and complementary conductive flange members afliXed to the adjacent ends of said sections, said conductive ange members having a plurality of annular surface portions located alternately in two planes and a plurality of cylindrical surface portions parallel Ito the axis of said structure interconnecting the annular surfaces, the radial dimensions of said annular surface portions and the heights of said cylindrical surface portions being substantially a 'quarter wavelength at the operating frequency, said :cylindrical surface portions being spacedapart by la distance diiierent from that by whichlthe'annular surface portions are spaced.
  • a hollow-pipe wave guide two abutting coaxial sections one of whichis rotated on a longitudinal axis while the other remains stationary, and a conductiveflange individual to each one of the abutting ends of said sections, said anges being provided with complementary annular rib and ⁇ channel surfacesthe axial and radial ⁇ dimension 'of saidrrib ⁇ and channelsurfaces being substantially equal toa quarter of the operating wavelength and the annular surfaces being spaced apart to a different degree than the cylindrical surfaces between said annular surfaces whereby an effective short circuit is formed between said sections.
  • a wave guide structure having two abutting sections coaxially arranged for relative rotational movement about the axis of said sections, and complementary conductive flange members arranged on adjacent ends of said abutting sections, said flange members having annular land and groove portions connected by cylindrical wall portions, the land portions of one flange nesting within the groove portions of the other, the widths of said land and groove and wall portions being substantially equal to a quarter Wavelength of the energy transmitted along the guide, the spacing between said land and said groove portions being different than that between adjacent wall portions.
  • a hollow pipe Wave guide comprising two sections having overlapping conductive flanges mounted on adjacent ends thereof, said two flanges being out of mutual contact and having telescoped annular groove and land portions connected by axially arranged cylindrical portions, said flanges being so dimensioned that each groove or land or cylindrical portion is approximately equal to a quarter-wavelength of the energy transmitted along the guide, the spacing between land and groove portions being greater than the spacing between cylindrical portions.
  • a hollow pipe wave guide having two sections having overlapping conductive anges mounted on adjacent ends thereof, said two anges being out of mutual contact and having in a plane passing radially through the axis of the guide a crosssection forming short straight gaps connected in series, the length of each of said gaps being approximately equal to a quarter-wavelength of the energy transmitted along the guide and the width of the gaps extending radially of said guide being greater than the width of the gaps extending axially thereof.

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  • Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
US589069A 1942-09-01 1945-04-18 Electric wave guide Expired - Lifetime US2494691A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1234942A GB595352A (en) 1942-09-01 Improvements in or relating to electric wave guides

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2494691A true US2494691A (en) 1950-01-17

Family

ID=10002874

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US589069A Expired - Lifetime US2494691A (en) 1942-09-01 1945-04-18 Electric wave guide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2494691A (de)
DE (1) DE832165C (de)
FR (1) FR955556A (de)
NL (1) NL74814C (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2696517A (en) * 1949-02-12 1954-12-07 Breeze Corp Disk type shield coupling
US2751559A (en) * 1950-09-05 1956-06-19 Gilfillan Bros Inc Rotatable wave guide joints
US2982962A (en) * 1953-08-19 1961-05-02 Gen Railway Signal Co Antenna system
US3739392A (en) * 1971-07-29 1973-06-12 Sperry Rand Corp Base-band radiation and reception system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2092709B1 (de) * 1970-06-10 1973-10-19 Comp Generale Electricite

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2155821A (en) * 1936-12-07 1939-04-25 Alfred N Goldsmith Radio relay and distribution system
US2155508A (en) * 1936-10-31 1939-04-25 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Wave guide impedance element and network
US2281274A (en) * 1936-03-07 1942-04-28 Dallenbach Walter Ultra short wave radiator
US2351895A (en) * 1940-05-11 1944-06-20 Allerding Alfred Electron tube device for ultra short waves
US2401344A (en) * 1940-06-14 1946-06-04 Gen Electric Co Ltd High-frequency electric transmission system
US2402540A (en) * 1941-08-26 1946-06-25 Gen Electric Co Ltd Electrical apparatus adapted to operate at very high frequencies
US2407318A (en) * 1942-06-18 1946-09-10 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc High-frequency apparatus
US2434925A (en) * 1942-05-27 1948-01-27 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Coupling means for relatively movable wave guides

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2281274A (en) * 1936-03-07 1942-04-28 Dallenbach Walter Ultra short wave radiator
US2155508A (en) * 1936-10-31 1939-04-25 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Wave guide impedance element and network
US2155821A (en) * 1936-12-07 1939-04-25 Alfred N Goldsmith Radio relay and distribution system
US2351895A (en) * 1940-05-11 1944-06-20 Allerding Alfred Electron tube device for ultra short waves
US2401344A (en) * 1940-06-14 1946-06-04 Gen Electric Co Ltd High-frequency electric transmission system
US2402540A (en) * 1941-08-26 1946-06-25 Gen Electric Co Ltd Electrical apparatus adapted to operate at very high frequencies
US2434925A (en) * 1942-05-27 1948-01-27 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Coupling means for relatively movable wave guides
US2407318A (en) * 1942-06-18 1946-09-10 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc High-frequency apparatus

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2696517A (en) * 1949-02-12 1954-12-07 Breeze Corp Disk type shield coupling
US2751559A (en) * 1950-09-05 1956-06-19 Gilfillan Bros Inc Rotatable wave guide joints
US2982962A (en) * 1953-08-19 1961-05-02 Gen Railway Signal Co Antenna system
US3739392A (en) * 1971-07-29 1973-06-12 Sperry Rand Corp Base-band radiation and reception system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL74814C (de)
FR955556A (de) 1950-01-17
DE832165C (de) 1952-02-21

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