US2493630A - Single or multiple key lock - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 3, 1950 M. E. JULLIARD SINGLE OR MULTIPLE KEY LOCK 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 5, 1946 Jan. 3, 1951) JULLJARD 2,493,630

SINGLE OR MULTIPLE KEY LOCK Filed March 5, 1946 2 Sheet-Sheet 2 F'atented Jan. 3, 195

omreo PATENT orer 21,493,630 on MULTIPLE KEY LOCK .Appfication Mon-a915, 1946,1Semiall blo. 1652, 053 France-November 23, 1943 :Section Lluhl icLaw 690, August 8, 19.46 Batent expires November 23,1963

(o1. co -cs9) 1 Books are known in which tumblers each pro vided with -a web or protecting part are slidable in channels "formed in a barrel rotatably mounted and extending on either side of a stationary ward provided with slots or cut-out which I said webs are engaged by :sprin'gs when the lock is in closed position, said webs being provided slots or recesses which may bebronglr'tjby means of "keys provided "with 'pins of different lengths, into coincidence "with said ward so as to allowthe barrel't'o rotate freely.

According to the present invention, a twofold safety can be attained by the combination of two combination devices similar to the one just defined, one or which controls the possibility of operation of'tlre other.

"The invention will be understood :more easily by reference to the appended drawings in which two different embodiments of the invention are shown'by'way'of example,'viz:

Figure 1 is 'a perspective view of a single-combination 3-tumbler lock;

Figures .2 and '3 are two diagrammatical "illustrations 'of the principle of the invention, as applied to a Z2-"tumb'ler look, before and after .un-

locking respectively;

Figures .4 and 5 are two perspective views -.of a double-combination lock in the two successive steps oiits operation;

Figure '6 shows the arrangement of the webguiding channels and slots;

Figures #7 and '8 .are two diagrammatical illustrations of the two successive steps of operation.

Figure -9 showsanother:modification in sectional view as shown in Fig. 1, the key a is formed in known manner withad'jacfllitnligned pins bl, b2, b3, individually adjustable in their heights and which, when stuck into the'bores c1,,c2,.cs, in'the pair of barrels d1, 012, will act upon plungers or tumblers .ei, ea, 63, slidably received in said bores and urged bytheir respective return springs f1, f2, f3.

Secured between the barrels d1, d2 is a ward plate h which extends sidewardly to socket IL for carrying the barrel di and which has a central aperture m through which extend connecting screws (not shown in Fig. l) by which the barrels d1 and (12 are made rigid with each other.

The plungers e1, e2, e3 carry respectively webs g1, g2, 93 which are slidably received in channels 7'1, 7'2, 9'3 in barrels d1, di and which project through corresponding slots 701, kg, its out in ward h.

It follows that normally the webs will act as latches, i. e. will prevent the barrels d1 and d2 from being-rotated'bymeans of a key by reason of-theward 'hbe'ing stationary.

However, the webs have inotches, such as '11, cut therein, 'and it will readily be understood that by suitably adjusting the heights pfpins b1, b2, b3 is possible to bring "the notches Z1, into alignment in the plane of ward At that moment the webs gi, gs, ya no longer exert their latching 'a-c'tion,which means that, by acting upon the key. a is possible to rotate both barrels (Z1 and whereby the lock bolt can be operated, e. g. by means of .afinger *r .co-operating with a rack-s.

The notches l1 are cut-in the webs a't vari, ous 'points of 'their lengths, this allowing or an unlimited number .of combinations, and the individual pins "b1, b b3 are adjusted correspondingly in their lengths simultaneously to bring the slots Z1 .into register in oneand the/same .plane.

Ea-ch web could have severalslots cut therein. For instance, each web on thekey .of .aihotel bedroom door-lock is formed with two slots, it will be possible to 'open the lock on the 'basis of two different combination with 'the'aid o'f 'twodifier ent keys, one in the hands of the traveller and the otherpossessedbythe waiter.

.Also the number of the ,pilungers .andthe direction of the channels j1,"j2, cut for the passage of the webs can'be varied unlimitedly.

The pushing action on tumblers .6,1 ,.:6s to brin slots 11, 13in webs .gl, ryzlinto alignment is .quite clearly shown in Figs. .2 and .3 which have been simplified to the utmost with the illustration -.of the only two tumblers. v

In embodiments where an increased safety is required it is possible to combine several similar combination .devices designed to lock .one another.

For 'ins'tance,itis possible, as in theembodiment shown by way of Example infigs. A .to 8, topmvidetwo seriesof plungers or tumblers, e1, ears, and c4 and .c (1, :e 22, .es, 2; respectively, arranged crosswise toeachother. V

Thejnc'k then comprises-three barrels ch, .112, (is separated by two WaFdSJLl, .hz, .theiormer :being stationary and receiving the foremost barrel 111 in its extension h1 while the latter hZ acts as the socket for the intermediate barrel 012.

The barrels d1, d2, d3 rigidly interconnected by screws or studs n have longitudinal holes bored therein to slidably receive the tumblers, and channels 71, 72, 7'3, 1'4, are provided in said barrels as guideways for the webs on the respective tumblers g1, g4, 9'1, 9'4 alone being visible in Figs. '7 and 8 respectively). The channels 71, 7'2, 7'3, 7'4

3 may extend relatively to one another as shown in Fig. 6, their outer ends being directed radially. One series of tumblers e1 e4 cooperates with the one ward in and the other series e'i e4 with the other ward ha.

The first socket h'i is stationary and is formed with a slot p extending over 90- and adapted to limit the amplitude of rotation of the other socket h2 during the first stage of the unlocking; process, said last-mentioned socket being provided with a stroke-limiting lug q. 7

Finally, the last barrel d3 carries a tenon r designed to actuate the lock bolt or bolts. The operation of such a lock will now be easily. h

At the beginning ofthe first step, the pins on tions, a second ward rotatably mounted between the second and the third of said barrels and provided with cut-out portions, abutment means connected to said lock body and adapted to limit the amplitude of rotation of said second ward, a

understood I the so-c-alled first combination key are stuck into the bores in which the first series (then ver-' tically aligned) of tumblers e1, e2, 63, e4 (Figs. 4 and 7) are housed; the slots in the webs gu, as of the tumblers are thus brought into the plane of the ward hi, which makes it possible to rotate the barrels d1, dz, ds and also the movable ward hz, then held latched between (I: and d3 by the webs on the plungers or tumblers belonging to the second series, by an angle of 90, the amplitude of the rotation of d1, d2, 423, ha, h'z being limited by the engagement of abutment means in the form of the lug q within the slot p.

7 As the second step, the pins on the so-called second combination key are stuck into the bores containing the second series (then brought in turn to vertical alignment) of tumblers e'i, 8'2, e'a, e'4

, (Figs. 5 and 8); the slots in the webs g'i 9'4 thereon are thus brought into the same plane, that of the ward hz, which allows further to rotate the barrels d1, d2, ds and the tenon 1' which only then begins to actuate the lock bolt or bolts.

It will be appreciated that a considerable number of combinations can thus be arrived at. Besides, the two keys can be combined into one single key provided with pins adjustable in their heights between the first and the second steps.

{The latching action could also be performed (Fig. 9) by the plunger e1 e4 itself instead of actuall projecting web-like portion of the same, provided it were given a sufficiently large diameter, in which case grooves 11 14 instead of slots would be out directly in the plunger shaft and the outline of the aperture m in the several wards It should be altered accordingly.

Moreover, the invention lends itself to all sorts of modifications in the shapes and the constructional details, particularly depending on the lock type, the number of combinations,f the degree of safety aimed at and the application contemplated.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Let ters Patent, is:

1. In a combination lock in which the bolt.

thereof is operable by means of two keys, each of which has a plurality of pins of difierent lengths; a lock body rotatably mounted and provided with three coaxial barrels which are spaced from each other but rigidly connected together, said barrels tumbler accommodated in each channel and movable therein and provided with projecting portions, said projecting portions being adapted to engage said cut-out portions in the first ward for one set of channels and in the second ward forthe other set of channels, at least one recessed portion in each of said tumblers remaining out oiengagement with said wards when the respective tumbler is moved in its channel, spring means in said channels urging said tumblers to a position in which a projecting portion 0f said tum-. 'blers is. engaged in a cut-out portion of the corresponding cooperating ward and adapted to yield and to allow said recessed portion in each of the tumblers to coincide with the corresponding ward when the pins of the corresponding key are introduced into the corresponding set of channels, whereby the first key when introduced into the first set of channels will cause rotation of said three barrels and of the second ward by an angle corresponding to the limited amplitude of rotation of said second ward, and the second key when introduced into said second set of channels will cause said three barrels to rotate independently of said wards, whereby said lock bolt is actuated.

2. Ina combination lock according to claim 1, wherein said second ward is rotatably mounted on said first'ward.

3. In a combination lock according to claim 1, wherein said two sets. of channels are disposed at right angles to each other, said means adapted to limit the amplitude of rotation of the second ward allowing displacement of said second ward within an angle of 90 relatively to said first ward. 4. In a combination lock according to claim 1, wherein said first ward is provided with a circular flange for housing and centering said first barrel, said second ward being provided with a circular flange for centering the second barrel.

MAURICE ETIENNE JULLIARD.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

, UNITED ,STATES PATENTS.

2,142,610 Kittler Jan. 3, 1 939

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