US2488011A - Calculating machine - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 15, 1949 GRIP ET AL CALCULATING MACHINE 5 Shets-Sheet 1 Filed May 5, 1944 Ham 3W8 M mm fR/K G/F/P 2 5 70/91. TflOR EZL A TTUR/VEYS Nov. 15, 1949 E. GRIP ETAL 2,488,011

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 5, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nbv. 1 5, 1949 v E. GRIP ETAL CALCULATING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed May 5, 1944 Rm saw Mmm 5X0, WV, m M W W m wm n WKZ A 0% Nov. 15, 1949 E. GRIP ETAL 2,488,011

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 5, 1944 5 SheetsSheet 4 ma 4 mo wwwms Nov. 15, 1949 E. GRIP -ETAL 2,488,011

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed May 5, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet s Ill 1 A 7Z|Illllllllll In -tion. It'may-be applied, for instance, to'pin Patented Nov.

"UNITED STATES OFFICE 7 6 Claims. 1

This invention relates to calculating machines and'more" particularly to multiplying machines having an actuator to be operated in two directions, that is the direction and the direcwheel or Odhner machines.

The chief purpose of this invention is to sim- -plifythe mechanism for automatic shifting in operations of multiplication.

Another purpose of this invention is to get the necessary shifting impulses in such machines with automatic shifting in a'manner more simple and more' reliable than heretofore, especially when the machineis also capable of automatic division.

'Another purpose'is'to render it possible todepress the operation keys more easily by the finger.

Another purpose of this invention'is to create a direct andpos'itive'disengagement'oi the driving mechanism, that is of the motor coupling, "without theu'se of anysprings.

Anotherpurposefof thisinvention is to render the machine more" reliable and less sensitive to shocks and rough"handling;- in other Wordsfthe risk of machine faults is essentially reduced.

This is of'course most important in rapidly operating calculating machines driven by electric i motors.

I pressions wards, forwards, backwards, front and back are usedin" this specification and in the claims as such directions appear to an operator sitting at the key-board of "themachine to manipulate it.

One embodiment 'of" an improved calculating machine in accordance with this invention is i1- lustrated in the annexed drawings.

- and is substantially an end view from the rightside of the machine, with the right end plate Fig. 1 shows a section on the line I-I of Figs Z removed.

Fig. 2- shows-afront view of the upper part of I the driving mechanism proper.

' viewed from above.

Fig. 4 shows a top view of the'dr'iving mechanism proper.

mediately to the left of the driving mechanism 50 fin proper.

1ineVII'-VII'- of"Fig. 1; showing aguiding plate? Fig. 6 is across-sectionalview taken on the line'-"VI--VIof Fig. 1. g

Fig, 7 isacross-sectional view taken on the,

Fig. 3-shows a detail-view of the stop discs. asts *1 setting arm for" setting the machine to direct subtractionyt'ogether with the partscooperating therewith.

Fig. 13 showsaside view'of the multiplication '15 Fig.- -14fshows-a side view of the member for 7 holding down the multiplying and division keys Grey holding-down lever) Fig. lS-showsatop view of some control memi'bel s arranged 'below the bottom plate on the m chin g 1 Fig: 16 s howsa top view of the driving transmis ns a Fig l'l is across-sectional View on the line XVII- XVII of Fig. 16. V For the sake of clearness, only the essential parts areshown in the various figures. The machine illustrated in the drawings is in its''elsseiiti 'al featuresconstructed in accordance j' sfPatent s No 2, 103,596 No. 1,927,771, No. 2243975 and' Nof2,-393,2 86, though the invention "bynd'rneansislimited thereto. See also U. S. Pat- ;fnt ;l Io."2,431,930"and U. S. patent applications Nos. ssageijgpatent'No."2,403;361 dated June}, 194:6) and'5 34,43" (corresponding respectively to Britis'H'Patents,N0sT57 iJ00fl and 575,100).

Thefinachineillustrated in the'drawings is of the Od'hiie'r'or" wheel type and has an actuatororpin'wheel ijotorR (Fig. 16) arranged in a carriage 'siiiftablealbng'the'main shaft58. For '40 carrying out the calculating operations this shaft together with the actuatbrR'is rotated in either ""d'irection ofrotation, that is or direction, "fleeing"counterclockwise and clockwise, respectiv'elyj'in'Fig; 1;";see arrows. v

Trish t 'lflfisdriveuby am'otorM and carries a gear i I' dr 'ing' ajgear llajwhichto'gether with 'janotherfgea flo "(Figsg 114 and 16)' is secured to fa" shaftf l3. The'gear 12a drives directly 2; gear I while the'ge'ar lZb drives a gear 15 through an tjerii jediatet'gearflfl 'Ihe 'two'ge'ars l4, I5are 'freely journalledwn the shaft l6 and conse- 'quently-th'ey 'always'ro'ta'te in'opposite directions --'as long"as' thednotor'runs. Either of these gears -j4"or *IE rnay'be coupled to the shaft l5 by means -of the"coupling-' pawl 'l8,-'-which"is rockable on a pin ifia. This pin extends at right angles to the shaft 5 6, and is secured in the block I9 rigidly attached to the shaft l6 and passes through a slot in said block. Said slot is parallel with the shaft i5 and in it the pawl I8 is thus journalled. When said pawl is rocked in one direction or the other, its lateral projections will engage shoulders or offsets 26 (Figs. 16 and 17) on the sides of the gears id and I5, respectively. This couples the shaft 56 to the gear Id or l5, respectively, that is, the shaft 16 is rotated in one direction or the other, because the gears M and l 5 rotate in opposite directions. By means of the gears B the shaft I8 is in permanent driving connection with the main shaft 58 of the machine, which carries the actuator R. Thus, the actuator is rotated in the direction or the direction according'as the pawl 18 is coupled to the toothed wheel IE or M, respectively.

For guiding the pawl 6 to engage and to disengage the shoulders on the gears i i and I5, said pawl has a point or head at that end which is most remote from the pin lSa. This point enters a guiding slot 2! a having oblique entrance edges 2ib. This slot is cut in a movable guiding member 2i (Figs. 1, 2 and 7), and the point of the pawl 83 is in the guiding slot 2 la, when the shaft i6 is at rest, that is when the actuator is in its full cycle position. When the shaft 16 rotates, the point of the pawl l8 engages one side or the other of a stationary arcuate guiding rail 22 (Fig. 1). Thus, the pawl I8 is positively guided during that part of the rotation of the shaft l6 during which the point of the pawl is outside of the slot Ma. The guiding rail 22 is preferably resiliently suspended. In other words, the slot Zia and the rail 22 together guide thepawl l8 during the whole revolution of 360. Normally, the guiding member 2! with its guiding slot 21a is in its middle or central position (Fig. 7) and then the pawl 18 is disengaged from the shoulders 26. When in the manner stated below the guiding member 25 is moved to either side, it rocks the pawl 86 correspondingly to engage the corresponding shoulder on the gears M or I5.

A rocking arm 23 is pivotally journalled on the stationary pin 24: and one end 23a (Figs. 1 and 4) of it enters the space between two cam discs 25 and 26, which are secured to the shaft l3 and consequently rotate, when the motor runs. This swings the arm 23 to and fro with a reciprocating or pendulous motion on the pin 25. The opposite end of this arm has a recess '21 (Fig. 2).

Two coupling rods 28 and 29 are displaceably journalled on pins 39 (Figs. 1 and 2) secured to the stationary plate (frame part) 3! and entering oblong slots in the rods. Said rods may, therefore, be displaced in their longitudinal direction, and springs 32 are tensioned between said rods and stationary pins 33 and tend to lift the rods to their uppermost position. At their upper ends, these rods carry pins 34 entering slots 35 of an angular piece 36 which is displaceable laterally, that is parallel with the shaft I6, on a stationary shaft 31 (Figs. 1 and 7) secured between the two intermediate walls 38 and 39 of the machine frame. The angular piece 36 is rigidly connected with the guiding member 2| to form a rigid unit, normally kept in its central position between the walls 38 and 39 by a spring 46, as shown in Fig. '7. When the angular piece 36 and the guiding member 2i are in this central position, the pawl 18 is disengaged from the shoulders 20, as mentioned above. The angular piece 36 has a projection 4i .wall 39 and is pressed by a spring 41 in such direction (clockwise in Figs. 1 and 11) that the part 52 engages the projection 4|.

A pin 48 (Figs. 1, 2 and 6) is riveted to the angular piece 36 and enters the space between two double-conical pins 49 and 56. The pins 49 and 56 may also be described as having the shape A of hyperboloids of rotation. These pins are riveted to the back ends of stopping pawls 5| and 52, respectively, rotatably journalled on a pin 53 secured to the side wall 39. Around this pin a torsion spring 56I is wound, acting upon the two stopping pawls so that the double-conical pins 43, 56 are pressed towards each other to engage the pin 48.

When the machine is at rest and no operation of calculation is being carried out, the two stopping pawls 5! and 52 engage their respective stopping shoulders 54 and 55 of two buffer discs 55 and 57 (Figs. 1, 3, l0 and 11), said torsion spring 52! pressing the points of the pawls inwards against the periphery of said buffer discs which are rotatably journalled on the main shaft 58 of the machine, which shaft carries the actuator R. Between the two discs 56 and 57 a strong buffer spring (compression spring) 59 is'arranged which presses those discs to engage an eccentric bushing or sleeve 66 (Figs. 1, 3, 8 and 9). This bushing is either itself non-circular, for instance,

oval or elliptic in cross-section, or is eccentrically journalled on a'screw or stud bolt 6| which is secured for instance riveted to a cam disc 62 rigidly connected with the main shaft 56. On the screw 6| a nut 63 is screwed keeping the bushing 66 in its angular position as set on the screw 6|. It is to be observed that the cam disc 62 is eccentrically arranged on the main shaft 58 and the circular slot 64 cut in said disc is consequently eccentric in relation to the main shaft 58. A roller 65 (Figs. 1 and 5) enters said slot and is journalled on a three-armed lever or release arm 3E6 which is, pivoted on the stationary pin 67. The horizontal arm 65 of said lever extends inwards through the space between the rods 28 and 29 (Figs. 1 and 2) to engage the edges 68 of said rods from above. At this place the arm 66 is broadened so that it can cooperate with the edges 68 of both rods 28' and 29, as is shown in Fig. 2. 'To the lower arm of the release lever 3l0 a three-armed hook 69 is rotatably journalled on the pin 16. A torsion spring ll is wound around said pin and tends to rock the hook 69 counterclockwise in Figs. 1 and 5.

Under the action of this spring the back arm 65a of hook 69 engages a pin 12 secured to the intermediate wall 39. In addition, the hook 69 has a bent portion or tab 13 which extends laterally below the projections 14(Figs. 1 and 13) on the two keys l5 and 16, that is the multiplicaspectively. These keys are rotatably journalled on a stationary shaft 11 and are acted upon byin'dividual springs 18 pressing the back end of thekey against the stationary guide 31. In addition, these keys have hooks 19 engaging the edges 68 of the rods 28, 29 from above to normally prevent the spring 32 from lifting said rods, that is when the key '15 or 16, respectively, is not depressed. It is to be observed that the key 15 cooperates with the rod 29 and the key 16 with the rod 29. Each key 15 or 76 has a hook 8|, which is rockably journalled on a pin 90 on the key and is pressed by a spring 92 to engage the pin 83 on the key. The points 94 of said hooks are somewhat lower than the striking edges 68 of the rods 28, 29, when said rods are in their lowermost position. The keys l5, 19 are integrally formed with the arms 85 and also with the arms 299 or 295, respectively. The arms 85 of said keys engage the pin 33 la of an angular piece or contact lever 39! which is pivoted on the stationary pin 333 and controls the electric motor contacts 339. When one of the lreys E5 or T6 is depressed, the contact lever 33! is rocked to close the motor contacts 334 starting the motor. The arms 299 and 29! of the keys i5 and '16, respectively, enter in well-known manner a recess in a plus minus-control plate 59? which is arranged below the base plate of the machine, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. Reference is made to the corresponding parts 299, 291, 28'? in U. S. Patent No. 2,398,286.

A lever 88 (Figs. 1, 4 and 5) is rockably jiournalled on the stationary pin 93' secured to the frame 8.3. This lever has four bent tongues or tabs 89, 99, 9i and 92. The tongue 89 (Figs. 1

and 5) extends through a hole in the interme- U diate wall 39 inwards above the arm 69a of the hook B9. The tongue. 99 forms a striking edge for the lever 91! which is pivoted on the stationary pin 32.5 and with its surface 99 engages the tongue 99. The tongue 91 engages the arm )2 which in well-known manner is acted upon by the tens transfer hook or lever for the totalizer wheel of the highest denomination in the results register. When a ten is carried into that totalizer wheel the arm I92 is swung in the direction of the arrow A in Fig. 5, that is clock wise, as is described in detail for the part 102 U. S. Patent No. 2,398,285. Finally, the tongue 92 engages the lever 49 (Figs. 1, 5 and 11) to rock-that arm, when the lever 89 is swung counterclockwise. A tension spring 94 presses the arm 86' andits tongue iii to engage the arm I92.

The rocking or driving lever 29? (Figs. 1 and 5) drives in well-known manner the swing lever 24?, and also the plus-minus controi plate 281. For details, reference is made to parts 267, 247 and 287 in U. 8. Patent No. 2,398,286. The swing lever 24"! eiiects the shifting and the control plate 281 pulls down the keys i5 and i6 during thecalculating operations. This control plate 281 is set to its position and position by means of the reversal lever 294 in dependence ofthesetting of the angular piece 36 to which the reversal lever is directly connected. Depending upon how said angular piece and consequently the control plate 231 are set said controlplate engages one of the projections 29E], 29l of the multiplication key 15 or the division key. i6 (as described for the corresponding parts 287,290,291 in U. S. Patent No. 2,398,286.

The key holding-downlever 99 (Figs. 1 and 14) whichv is, rotatably journalled on the stationary pin 96 of the wall39 has a front bent portion 91 extending inwards through a. hole in the intermediate wall 39 to engage the bent lower ends 98 (Figs. 1 and 2) of the lifting rods 28 and 29 from above. Said lever 95 has a curved cam slot 99 (Figs. 1 and 14) engaged by the pin 2'73 secured to a small standard or tongue on the swing lever 241. In addition, a pin 95a (Fig. 11) is riveted to said lever '95 and enters a slot of the contact lever 33l to swing that lever for closing the contacts 334 when the lever 95 is pressed downwards.

The upper end of an impulse arm or lever I00 (Figs. 1 and 11) is displaceably journalled on the pin 53 for the stopping pawls 5i and 52, said impulse lever having an oblong slot through which said pin passes. At its upper end this impulse arm is fork-shaped and has two bent prongs i0| resting on the upper sides of the two pawls 5i and52. At its lower end this impulse lever carries a pin 193 resting in a slot I04 of the contact lever 33!.

The slide 24! (Figs. 1, 5 and is controlled by the control lev'er 201-of the machine as described in U. S. Patent No. 2,398,286 (details 241 and 201 of that patent). The lever 291 serves for setting the machine to multiplication and to division with automatic shifting. Depending upon the setting of this lever the slide 24! is in or out of the path of motion of the hook or pawl 69. When the control lever is in the position a or b of Fig. 15 (positions of multiplication) the slide 241 is out of the path of motion of the pawl 69, but when the control lever is set to its position 0 for division, the slide 24! enters the path of motion of said pawl.

The release arm 3l0 (Figs. 1, 11 and 12) acts directly upon the subtraction setting lever 358a (Figs. 1, 11 and 12') of the hook 358. This lever extends outwards through a. slot in the easing E95 of the machine. In the embodiment shown the machine has, in addition to the multiplication key '25 and the division key 19 also an addition key, just as in U. S. Patent No. 2,398,286 but no subtraction key; thus, the machine is set to subtraction by pressing the lever 358a down wards to its lowermost position, and when then the division key is depressed, the machine performs an operation of subtraction as described in connection with Fig. 16 of the patent just mentioned. For this purpose the release arm 3 l B has a striking surface or tongue 319a pressing against the edge or striking surface 318 of the hook 358 when the latter is depressed due to the fact that the operator presses the lever 358a downwards toits lowermost position (for subtraction) or due to thefact that the addition key has been depressed manually. Figs. 1 and 11 show the lever 35% in its uppermost position, while Fig. 12 shows the same in its lowermost position. When the slide 380 is pushed inwards, that is to the right in Figs. 1, 11 and 12, for instance, due to the manipulation of the clearing key 406, the curve or cam 389a of this slide acts on a pin I96 extending through a holeof the intermediate wall 39 and secured to the lever 45. Due to this, the lever is rocked and moves the locking arm 43 (to the left in Fig. 1 and counter-clockwise in Fig. 4) so that the part 42 of that locking arm releases the tongue 4| of the angular piece 35. Under the action of its spring 40, the angular piece 39 with its guiding slot 2 la is restored to its neutral, central position so that the coupling pawl i9 is disengaged from the shoulders 20. If the main shaft 58 rotates, when the clearing is started, such rotation isthus stopped, as soon as the current revolution hasbeen completed. The

main shaft. 58 cannot be startedagain-during the clearing operation due to the fact that the lever 45 keeps the locking arm 43 rocked aside so that its tongue 42 does not lock the projection 4|; consequently the guiding slot 2 la and the coupling pawl I8 are restored to their inoperative neutral position, before any of the shoulders 20 come around to the pawl I8, during rotation of the gears I4 and I5. When the slide 380 is displaced to the right in Fig. 11, the pin 4I2 thereon rocks the arm 4II clockwise in Fig. 11, said arm being pivoted on the pin 333. Consequently, this arm acts on the pin 33Ia and the contacts 334 are closed for the clearing operation. In clearing operations effected due to the manipulation of the clearing key 406 or when the machine has been set to addition or subtraction and consequently the arm 4I I has been swung clockwise in Figs. 1 and 11, the downwardly extending projection 4I Ia of that arm engages the upper side of the bent tongue 269 (Fig. 5) of the lever 2'. This prevents all shifting of the actuator during current operations of clearing (also when clearing is effected automatically at the end of an operation of addition or subtraction).

As is described in detail in U. S. Patent No. 2,398,286, the gears 385, 388, 394 (Fig. 1) are driven by the motor M under the control of the coupling arm 392. The clearing key 406 (Fig. 11) is arranged on the link or arm 400 which by means of an oblong slot embraces the stationary pin 400a and also by means of the pin 4001) is articulately connected with the lower end of the coupling arm 392, the latter being connected with the slide 380 by means of a spring 408. This slide has a restoring spring M and in its backward active position it is locked by a pawl 395 releasable by the pin 39'! on the gear 394 after the clearing of the actuator has been finished. A pin 40'! is secured to the coupling arm 392 and engages a projection on the slide 380 so that said slide is drawn backwards (to the right in Figs. 1 and 11) when the coupling arm 392 is rocked counter-clockwise for effecting a clearing operation (zeroizing).

A disc I0! (Figs. 3 and 11) is rotatably journalled on the main shaft 58 and carries two pins I08 and I09 which enter the holes H0 or III, respectively, of the stop discs 56 or respectively, and are guided in said holes. In clearing operations in connection with addition and subtraction, the projection 4000 (Fig. 11) of the rod 400 is moved to engage the periphery of the disc I01 when the slide 380 is moved to the right in Fig. 11 and by means of the spring 408 tends to rock the coupling arm 392 counter-clockwise, said coupling arm being articulately connected with the rod 400. This prevents any clearing operation from being started as long as the main shaft 58 rotates. Similarly, the projection 4000 engages the periphery of the disc I01, when the clearing key 405 is depressed manually for initiating a clearing operation and this prevents the clearing operation from beginning as long as the main shaft rotates. Not until after said shaft has been stopped in its full cycle position by the stop pawls 5| and 52, does the spring 408 pull the projection 4000 into the recess I0'Ia of the disc I07, and this swings the coupling arm 392 counter-clockwise so that the clearing is effected. Thus, said disc I0! is stopped and locked, but nevertheless the main shaft 58 may move slightly beyond its position of rest while compressing the buffer spring 59; for instance, in an operation of addition the disc 51 may move somewhat counter-clockwise, because the pin I09 can move somewhat in the hole III.

8 'Thus, the discs 50' and 51 are rocked during a short moment, while the actuator R and the main shaft 58 are stopped and their kinetic energy is absorbed by the buffer spring 59.

MODE OF OPERATION For the various kinds of operation, the device described acts as follows:

Multiplication The control lever I is set to its position a or b in Fig. 15, thus causing the slide 24I controlled thereby to be moved out of the path of motion of the hook 09 (Figs. 1 and 5). At this setting, the plus-minus-control plate 28! is looked, as described in detail in U. S. Patent No. 2,398,286, and it is consequently not moved by the eccentricdriven lever 261 in its rocking motion.

After the multiplicand has been entered in the actuator R (Fig. 16) in well-known manner, the multiplication key 75 (Fig. 1) is depressed, causing the arm 85 of that key to rock the contact lever 33I clockwise in Fig. 1 in such manner that the electric contacts 334 for the motor M are closed. When the motor starts, the swinging arm 23 (Figs. 1 and 4) is rocked by the cam discs 25 and 26. When the operator depresses the key 15, its oblique edge or hook I9 (Fig. 1) releases the edge 53 of the coupling rod 28 so that said rod is free and displaced upwards by its spring 32, Then, the upper part of this rod enters the recess 27 (Figs. 1 and 2) of the rocking arm 23 and consequently, the lifted rod 28 is moved by the rocking arm 23 so that said rod is displaced laterally to the left in Fig. 2. During this operation, the pin 34 on the rod acts upon the angular piece 35 causing that piece to be displaced to the left in Fig. 2 and consequently the guiding slot 2Ia (Fig. '7) rocks the coupling pawl I8 in the same direction, that is upwards in Fig. 16.. The projection 42 of the locking arm 43 (Figs. 2 and 4) then engages the bent pawl 4| of the angular piece 35, so that the spring (Fig. 7) cannot restore said angular piece to its neutral central position. When the angular piece 36 is displaced in the manner just described, the pin 48 secured thereto follows and is moved to the left in Fig. 6 to act upon the conical pins 49, 50 so that they are pressed apart and thus the stopping pawls 5|, 52 are lifted from the shoulders 54, 55 on the buifer discs 56 and 57, respectively. The main shaft 50 is now released from the stopping pawls and begins rotating in a revolution. When the pawls 5I, 52 are lifted, they themselves lift the impulse arm I00.

When the pawl I8 is swung upwardly as described above (see Fig. 16) said pawl becomes coupled to the shoulder 20* on the gear I5. This couples the main shaft 58 with the motor to be driven thereby in revolutions, that is, counter. clockwise in Fig. 1.

When the cam slot disc 62 (Figs. 1 and 8) secured to the shaft 58 begins moving, its eccentric slot 34 forces the release arm 3I0 to be rocked clockwise in Figs. 1 and 11, said release arm engaging the slot 54 by means of a roller 65. The horizontal arm 65 of the release arm 3I0 then is lowered towards the striking edge 68 (Figs. 1 and 2) on the coupling rod 28 and thus presses said rod (and also the rod 29) downwards to its lowermost position, which is somewhat lower than its position of rest shown in Fig. 1.

The key F5 still remains depressed, and consequently the hook 8I (Figs. 1 and 13) on that key is pressed inwardly by the spring 82 to engage theicoupliiig" maize:anmhezomiquesunracwr: the minister that hookinow: snaps 'imaboveithe edge: 68 of the coupliiig rdd nytorkeepzsaidirodi iii lts 1.-.1 wermost. ipo'sitibri-" -after the moinent at which the arm fie oi the'rel'easezarm 3H3 begins t-o -move countcrciockwise under the action :of the eccentric camslot pressed; its-Striking surface (Figs. .1 .:andi.:13).- i is an the path 10f: motion i oflithe bentfiportionrfl 3 1 of the' hook 'fifi when sai'd hook isrocked :byithe release arm' 3 l ll 'at the rocking :motion of said:

hook 9 -then is disengaged frhm theistationary pin 2 and the "arm SSa slides' freely underthe I m ne-ire 8 of the lever='86"- (see position: e of the actuated. But t the: keyt 'l5' returns -to 'its' posi tion of rest-inon depresseu:positidm the :striking surface :14 is moved out of-the: path of motion of the tongue l3 of the hook -fi i Under the action: of"- the torsio'n: spring :1 I the arm 53a is then;-pressed upwards against the--: pin 12 i and slides alongsaid pin 'duringdts motion and -with its point strikes thetongtle w of "the -lever 85,

cldck-wis'e in Fig. .5 so -that its" tongue-92 strikes of. the angulari piece 36 whicli :now is restored to it's inoperative central' position' by the spring 40 (Fig.' 7)

in '-Fig.*6"*and thestopping' pawls are released;

their torsion spring now-presses themdownwards against the peripheryof the buffer discs" 55,'5l. During 'its contii'iued 'rota-tionthemoupling pawl 13 is acted upon by the'oblidue-surface 2lbofthe guide member-"1| (Fig. '7), now

in its central position,*and consequently this pawl" is drawn out-bfitsengagementwith-the shoulder 20 "of: the gear -l5 '(Fi"g.-16)' 'so that'the main shaft When the 58 is disconnected from the motor. stopping projections 54, ofthe bufferdiscs 56or 51," respectively, are-'just in front of the points of the stopping pawls '5i","52 ,'-the torsion spring-513i presses these'stoppingpawls-into e'n-"- gagement with said stop projections 54, 55.' Because the main" shaft 58-is rotating in revolutions, that is counter-clockwisein Fig. 1, the "stop projection 54" strikes the stop pawl 5l.' The kinetic energy-of therotat-ing actuator R on the main shaft 58'is absorbed by the buffer spring 59 so :that' the rotating-parts are "softly and safely. stopped; It is to be observed that during the wholebouncingactinythestbpping pawls 52,-5! engage the' *sto 1 2ing projections'55', 54 permanently and witho'uhany relative motion. This" means that there" is? no risk that the stoppin pawls will swing'out an be disconnected',but on the contrary, the-rotation is rapidly and reliably stopped. Itis to bebbser'ved that, for example" marevolution, the stop pat/v15 I maybe depressed to its lowermost stopping osition almost" one half revolution before the mainshaft '58 issubstantially the shape ofahalf circle and permitsthestoppingzpawl' 5l to swing-down toits This resto'res -th'e pin 48 secured-' to that angular piece to its centralpositibnshown stopping position: approximately one half -revolution (of themam-shaft 58 i-inadvance. When manner (see UISZ Patent No. 2,398,286) a shifting impulse, because the. pawl 265 (Fig. 5) is thus released. and enters-the path of motion of the driving lever 261, which then drives the swinging lever 2 "carrying the pawl 265 with which the step-shifting mechanism of the actuator may be coupled." When thus the swinginglever 241 begins moving (to the left in Fig. 5) the pin 213' secured to said lever acts upon the arm 2' and presses it downwards in Fig.5 so that the tongue 9B of the lever 86again' engages the surface 93 and locks the arm 211 in its lowermost position shown in Fig. '5. During this operation, said pin 2T3 moves in the slot 99 (Figs. land 14) of the keydepresser-or key holding-down member 95,

which'is consequently'depressed so that its bent portion 9'? presses the bent lower ends 98 of the coupling rods 28, 29' downwards; Consequently,

said rods cannot be released and cannot-be lifted upwards to engage the rocking lever 23. Thus. the'main'shaft 58-- andconsequently also the actuator R cannot be-started; as long as a shifting operation is'being carried out.

When the multiplicationkey 15 returns 'toits' position of rest, the contact lever 33l is still kept 'inits operativepositionandkeepsthe contacts 33e closed, because the-pin I33 -oftheimpulse lever i530 (Figs. 1 and 11) presses on thecontact lever, said impulselever being now raised'to its uppermost position by the liftedstop pawls 5 L52; The electric contacts'334' hence remain closed until the pawls Hand 52 pivot downwardly to engage the projections"54 and55'; and thus move the arm I55 downwardly to'openthe contacts. However, before "this-occurs the pawls have =arrested the main shaft 58 and'the-actuatorR' in full cycle position. This'zris-very important for arapid and reliable .action of the machine.

Division For division'the'control-lever ZUI-is set manually to its right positionat c in Fig. 15. Thus, the slide 2M is moved into the path of motion of the hook 69(Figs. 1 and 5). As is described in detail in U. S..Patent:No. 2,398,286,- the plusminus-controlplate 281 is now free and-can be dieplaced, when a shifting impulse arrives.

The dividend is' entered in well-known manner into the actuator R and is transferred to the results register. The actuator .(and, if necessary,

i also the revolutions counter) is cleared and then the divisor is. enteredinto the. actuator, which is now in the usualmannertabuiated to its extreme left position, thatis tothe highest, decimal denominations ofrthe results register; To start the machine the. operator .now depresses the division key l5 which actuates the contact. lever 33! and closes the electric contacts 334.. In amanner analogous withnthat described above under the heading Multiplication,. the coupling rod 29.

its edgeengages slideson the slide 241, as,

shown at e in Fig. 5. The slide 24! thus prevents the hook 69 from moving to its effective position ,f after the division key 16 has been restored to its position of rest. In other words, the hook 69 will not act upon the part 89 of the lever 86. Said lever thus remains unactuated and the main shaft 58 with the actuator R continues rotating in revolutions until the capacity of the results register is exceeded and, consequently, a ten is carried from the highest denomination of that register. This swings the arm I82 in the direction of the arrow A in Fig. and this motion is transferred to the lever 86 which is consequently swung counter-clockwise. As described above under the heading Multiplication this causes the striking surface 92 to swing the arm 45 (Figs. 1 and 4) and consequently the locking arm 43. Hence, the angular piece 36 is now free and it is restored to its inoperative, central position so that the main shaft 58 is disengaged from the motor and the actuator R is resiliently stopped by the stopping pawls 5i and 52.

When the lever 86 in the manner just described is rocked counter-clockwise in Figs. 1 and 5 under the action of an impulse from the arm H32 at the tens transfer, also the arm 2' is released from the tongue 90 and this releases in well-known manner (U. S. Patent No. 2,398,-

286) a shifting impulse, because the pawl 265 a is released and springs out into the path of mo tion of the driving lever 261. Consequently said lever now drives the swinging lever 24'! carrying the pawl 265 to shift the actuator one step. When the angle piece 36 is moved to its outermost position position) it acted in well-known manner on the plus-minus-coupling arm 294, and said arm then sets the control plate 281 to pull down the multiplication key l5 via its projection 298'. The driving lever 25'! by means of the plusminus-driving lever 274 acts on the control plate 281 to displace it and to cause it to pull down the multiplication key 15.

Then, the automatic division is continued in well-known manner.

Addition When the item (addend) has been set in the actuator R in well-known manner, the actuator, upon the depression of the addition key, performs one single revolution in the manner described above under the heading Multiplication and is stopped. Then the actuator is automatically cleared in the manner described in U. S. Patent No. 2,398,286 due to the fact that theslide 380 is displaced to the right in Fig. 11, when the hook 358 is moved downwards (counterclockwise) at the depression of the addition key.

Subtraction Subtraction is carried out similarly as an operation of addition. The subtrahend is set in the actuator R, the setting lever 358a for subtraction is moved downwards by the operator and the division key 76 is depressed. Now the actuator performs a revolution, is stopped and automatically cleared.

What weclaim 18*.

1. In a power operated calculating machine, in combination, multiplication and division keys independent of each other, an actuator, an electric motor, a coupling under the control of said keys for coupling said motor to said actuator for rotating the latter in either direction selectively, lifting rods for controlling said coupling, lifting springs for said rods, said rods being normally locked in their lower position by said keys against the lifting action of said springs, a restoring lever driven by said motor, and a projection on said restoring lever for restoring said lifting rods to their lower positions.

2. In a power operated calculating machine having an actuator rotatable in two directions under the control of a multiplication key and a division key and also having a step shifting mechanism for said actuator for shifting it rectilinearly in either direction, in combination, normally ineffective cyclically driven means for operating said shift mechanism, a cam disc connected for rotation in synchronism with said actuator, a follower engaging said cam disc, and an impulse hook journalled on said follower and under the control of said keys for rendering said normally ineifective means effective, said hook coopcrating with said keys to be disabled thereby when depressed and reenabled when released.

3. In a power operated calculating machine having an actuator rotatable in two directions under the control of a multiplication key and a division key and also having an impulse operated step shifting mechanism for the relative denominational shifting of said actuator rectilinearly in two opposite directions, a cyclically operated driving lever and a normally uncoupled swing lever operable by the driving lever to operate said shifting mechanism, in combination, an impulse giving member under the direct contro1 of said keys operative to couple said swing lever to said driving lever, said member cooperating with said keys to be rendered inoperative to give a releasing impulse for coupling the swing lever to the driving lever when one of said keys is depressed but again rendered operative to give an impulse to couple said swing lever to the driving lever when said depressed key is released, and power operated means for automatically reciprocating said release impulse giving member through its impulse giving motion at every rotary operation of the actuator.

In a power operated calculating machine having an actuator rotatable in two directions under the control of a multiplication key and a division key and also having an impulse operated step shifting mechanism for the relative denominational shifting of said actuator rectilinearly in two opposite directions, a cyclically operated driving lever and a normally uncoupled swing lever adapted to be driven by the driving lever to operate said shifting mechanism, in combination, a releasing member under the direct control of said keys operative to couple said swing lever to said driving lever, said member cooperating with said keys to be rendered inoperative to efiect coupling of said swing lever to said driving lever for providing an impulse to said step shifting mechanism when one of said keys is depressed but again rendered operative to effect coupling of the swing lever to the driving lever to provide an impulse to said shifting mechanism when said depressed key is released, power operated means for automatically reciprocating said releasing member at every rotary operation of the actuator, and a full cycle mechanism for stopping the rotation of said actuator, said full cycle mechanism being actuated by said releasing member when said depressed key is released 7 from its depressed position.

5. In a power operated calculating machine having an actuator rotatable in two directions under the control of a multiplication key and a division keyand also having a step shifting mechanism for said actuator for shifting it rectilinearly in either direction, a cyclically operated driving lever and a normally uncoupled swing lever adapted to be coupled to and driven by the driving lever to operate said shifting mechanism, in combination, a full cycle mechanism for stopping the rotation of said actuator, a cyclically operable releasing member cooperating with and under the direct control of said keys so as to be rendered effective upon release of a depressed key, a lever rockable by said releasing member, when effective, to couple said swing lever to said driving lever, a motor, a coupling adapted to couple said actuator to said motor for rotation in either direction, lifting rods under the control of said multiplication and division keys for controlling said coupling, a guide member for said coupling and said lifting rods, a locking device for said guide member and thus for said coupling, and arm rockable to release said locking device and to render said full cycle mechanism operative, said arm being in the path of said lever and being operated thereby when the lever is rocked by said releasing member.

6. In a power operated calculating machine having an actuator rotatable in two directions under the control of a multiplication key and a division key, and also having a step shifting mechanism for said actuator for shifting it retilinearly in either direction, in combination, a motor, a pair of rotatable members, gearing between said motor and said members for driving the latter in opposite directions of rotation, clutch means for connecting said actuator to either of said members, lifting rods, one rod being associated with each key, a lifting spring urging each of said rods from a normal position, said rods being restrained by said keys against the urge of said springs and adapted under the urge of said springs to cause adjustment of said clutch means for positive or negative rotation of said actuator according to which of said keys is depressed, each said key having a fixed striking surface for locking the associated rod against the urge of its spring as long as its associated key is in normal undepressed position, cyclically operated means for restoring said lifting rods to normal position, and a locking hook pivoted on each said key to keep the associated lifting rod locked in its normal position, as long as the associated key remains depressed.

ERIK GRIP.

STURE TOORELL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this pa-tent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,539,461 Breitling May 26, 1925 1,773,026 Chase Aug. 12, 1930 1,801,902 Britten Apr, 21, 1931 1,868,407 Brown et al July 19, 1932 2,010,068 Duke Aug. 6, 1935 2,068,899 Anneren et a1. Jan. 26, 1937 2,152,199 Machado Mar. 28, 1939 2,398,286 Carlstrom et al Apr. 9, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 551,311 Great Britain -1 Feb. 17, 1943

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