US2483400A - Electronic switch - Google Patents

Electronic switch Download PDF

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Publication number
US2483400A
US2483400A US747873A US74787347A US2483400A US 2483400 A US2483400 A US 2483400A US 747873 A US747873 A US 747873A US 74787347 A US74787347 A US 74787347A US 2483400 A US2483400 A US 2483400A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
relay
current
contacts
brush
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US747873A
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English (en)
Inventor
Trevor H Clark
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2483400A publication Critical patent/US2483400A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/42—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker
    • H04Q3/52—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker using static devices in switching stages, e.g. electronic switching arrangements
    • H04Q3/525—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker using static devices in switching stages, e.g. electronic switching arrangements using tubes in the switching stages

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to control or switching devices employing electronic apparatus.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is the provision of an improved switch, particularly one which performs the function of the mechanical step-by-step switch and which preferably has otherfeatures such as being capable of operation at high speed requiring no periodic impulses, and lessening the requirement for replacement of parts.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a switching arrangement embodying the present invention as applied to an automatic telephone system
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a modication of a portion thereof.
  • the index I represents an impulse generating device, this impulse generator may be a telephone dial or any other arrangement producingvimpulses of such a character that they cause the relay 2 to operate.
  • the relay 2 is actuated by the impulse transmittiug system when the circuit comprising the battery 3, the relay 2, and the dial I is closed.
  • the armature 4 of the relay 2 closes a circuit comprising the battery 9, the contact 5, the armature 4, the resistance 8 and the condenser 'I.
  • the resistance 8 is chosen suiliciently high to avoid the formation of sparks on the contacts, and yet suciently low for the condenser I to be charged at the potential of the battery 9 in a. short ⁇ time with respect to the time during which the circuit remains closed.
  • the relay 2 is actuated the circuit composed by the condenser 1, the resistance 8, the contacts 4 and 6, the condenser Ill and the deflecting plate I2, of the cathode ray tube II is closed.
  • N;+1 for the rst impulse
  • E1 is the resultant potential on the terminals of the condenser I0
  • N is the ratio between the capacities of the condenser I0 and of the condenser 1
  • e is the potential of thebattery 9:
  • feed potentials of this tube are supplied by the rectified and filtered A. C. feed system I5. It is clear that the number of receiving electrodes may be increased or decreased as required.
  • the electronic beam generatedby the system I 4 is initially directed so as to be received by the electrode I6 when the potential on the terminals of the condenser i0 is zero.
  • the remainder of the electrodes II to 26 are arranged so that the electronic beam progresses from one to the other in succession.
  • the deflection of the cathodic beam being in proportion to the potential on the terminals of the condenser I0, if an impulse has been received the beam vwill arrive on the electrode I1, if two impulses have been received the beam will arrive on the electrode I8, etc. and ii' 10 impulses have been received the beam will strike the electrode 28.
  • the electrodes are dimensioned and arranged in accordance with the formula given above.
  • the electronic current arrives on the earth or ground terminal which is the positive terminal of the source of supply, across one of the resistances 21 and consequently creates a potential dilerence across the terminals of that resistance which it passes through.
  • FIG 28 are shown diagrammatically 10 terminals of a mechanical switch, for example, of the well known clutch type, much used in the rotary automatic telephone systems and known by the name of line nder.
  • the clutch or driving mechanism of this switch is shown at 39.
  • the contact 40 and the armature 38 are closed during the operation of the line finder, that is to say while the contacts 28 are searched by the brush I42, the .A
  • an amplifier valve 30 which may be a valve of any type but preferably of the pentode type as shown in the drawing and in which the plate current is not zero when the grid potential is zero.
  • the resistances 21 and 29 are of such a valuel that when current ilows through resistor 29, the resulting potential applied to the grid of the valve 30 decreases the plate current of Valve 30 to zero or around zero.
  • the resistance 29 may be chosen lower than the resistance 21, so that another line finder operating in parallel with the one illustrated in the drawings cannot stop on the same contact.
  • creates a diierence of potential between the terminals of this resistance.
  • This potential which is applied between the cathode and the grid oi the second valve 32 is polarised, in such a way that the grid becomes negative with regard to the cathode during the passage of the current, and of such an amplitude that the plate current of the valve 32 is reduced to zero.
  • the control grid of the valve 32 is at the potential of the cathode and a strong current circulates in the plate circuit.
  • This current goes through the winding 34 of the relay 33, a second current goes through the Winding 35 of the same relay, and this current is regulated by means of the resistance 43, in such a way that the armature of the relay is attracted when no current circulates in the winding 34.
  • the windings are arranged and connected in such a way that when they are carrying normal currents, the magnetic forces are opposed. Even a very weak current through the winding 34 causes the relay to overbalance and close the contacts 36.
  • the relay 33 is a relay with quick release quickly closing contacts and slow operation slowly opening contacts so that the line finder is maintained in position even if the contact 42-28 is momentarily broken or if the potential on the terminals of the resistance 29 momentarily falls below the value necessary to maintain at zero the plate current of the valve 30.
  • the potentials necessary for the operation of thevalves 30 and 32 are supplied by the source of supply 45 which may be a part of the current supply system l5.
  • the bias current of the relay 33 passing through the winding 35 is reduced to zero, when the relay 31 operates since the armature 38 makes contact with the contacts 44 and short circuits the winding 35. nder cannot operate before the bias current of the relay 31 has been cut off.
  • Figure 2 represents a modification of the system described in Figure 1 in which the brush 42 is directly connected in the grid circuit of the second valve 32 and in which only the relay 31 is utilised.
  • Tube 32 is normally conductive causing current to flow through relay 31 and armature 38 to touch contact 40 thereby supplying energy to the clutch 39 and causing the brush 42 to continuously and cyclically sweep the contacts 28.
  • the brush 42 touches the contact 28V connected to the target electrode on which the beam is resting, current will ow through brush 42 and resistance 29.
  • the potential across resistance 29 blocks tube 32 deenergizing relay 31 whereupon the armature 38 swings away from contact 40 deenergizing clutch 39 and holding the line finder; with brush 42 resting on its proper contact.
  • the speed of operation of the circuit of Figure 2 will be slightly greater than that of the arrangement on Figure 1, in view of the fact that it is possible to obtain a greater speed of operation for a single relay than for two relays in series.
  • a relay can be connected in parallel with the clutch 39 so that the clutch circuit cannot be actuated again.
  • a control arrangement comprising a cathode ray tube including beam forming means, beam deflecting means. and a plurality of target electrodes arranged so that the particular elec- This insures proper operation as the v trode impinged upon by the beam is determined by the beam deiiection, means for producing a selected number of pulses, means controlling the beam deiiecting means and responsive to said pulses for defiecting the beam to a degree determined by the number of pulses, a line nder including a movable brush, a plurality of contacts each connected to a separate one of said electrodes and adapted to pass a portion of the electron beam current impinging upon said electrode to said movable brush, a driving mechanism for moving said brush over said contacts successively and means responsive to the ow of current from one of said contacts through said brush for deenergizing said driving mechanism to thereby halt said brush.
  • controlling means includes a condenser and means for applying the pulses to said condenser to charge it to a level determined4 by the number of said pulses, andmeans for applying the charge on said condenser to the beam controlling means.
  • a control arrangement according to claim 2 wherein said beam deecting means comprises electrostatic plates to which the charge on said condenser is applied.
  • the pulse producing means includes a source of pulses, a. relay actuated by each one of said pulses and having contacts, a second condenser arranged to be charged through said contacts when the relay is in deenergized condition and arranged to distribute part of its stored energy to the mst-mentioned condenser through said contacts when the relay is energized.
  • the deenergizing means includes a. normally conductive electron tube, a relay arranged in the output circuit thereof and energized by current flowing through said tube, a source of power for said driving mechanism, and a set of contacts, forming part of the relay, in series between said source oi power and said driving mechanism and arranged to be closed while said relay is energized.
  • said deenergizing means includes a first relay adapted upon energization thereof to open the circuit energizing said driving mechanism, a second relay having its contacts in series in the circuit supplying energy to said rst relay, said second relay having a first winding normally connected to have current flow therethrough to thereby maintain its associated contacts in open position, and a second winding, and means responsive to the iiow of current through the movable brush for producing a current iiow through said second winding in a direction opposite the current flow of the irst winding whereby the contacts of said second relay close, thereby energizing said first relay and deenergizing the driving mechanism.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
US747873A 1939-05-26 1947-05-13 Electronic switch Expired - Lifetime US2483400A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR859752T 1939-05-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2483400A true US2483400A (en) 1949-10-04

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US747873A Expired - Lifetime US2483400A (en) 1939-05-26 1947-05-13 Electronic switch

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US (1) US2483400A (US06291589-20010918-C00001.png)
FR (1) FR859752A (US06291589-20010918-C00001.png)
NL (1) NL69984C (US06291589-20010918-C00001.png)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2632147A (en) * 1949-02-09 1953-03-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Communication system employing pulse code modulation
US2671824A (en) * 1949-12-02 1954-03-09 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron beam register signaling system
US2773934A (en) * 1949-12-24 1956-12-11 Gen Dynamics Corp Electronic telephone system
US2936956A (en) * 1954-10-11 1960-05-17 Kienzle Apparate Gmbh Electronic computer

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2042869A (en) * 1935-01-23 1936-06-02 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Code calling system
GB485702A (en) * 1936-12-09 1938-05-24 George Leo Nicholas Meyer Conveyors
US2122102A (en) * 1935-03-02 1938-06-28 Lundell Torsten Adil Electric signaling system
US2224677A (en) * 1939-03-23 1940-12-10 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Signaling system
US2315705A (en) * 1941-07-31 1943-04-06 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Testing and selecting system
US2339684A (en) * 1944-01-18 Electronic control for telecommu

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2339684A (en) * 1944-01-18 Electronic control for telecommu
US2042869A (en) * 1935-01-23 1936-06-02 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Code calling system
US2122102A (en) * 1935-03-02 1938-06-28 Lundell Torsten Adil Electric signaling system
GB485702A (en) * 1936-12-09 1938-05-24 George Leo Nicholas Meyer Conveyors
US2224677A (en) * 1939-03-23 1940-12-10 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Signaling system
US2315705A (en) * 1941-07-31 1943-04-06 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Testing and selecting system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2632147A (en) * 1949-02-09 1953-03-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Communication system employing pulse code modulation
US2671824A (en) * 1949-12-02 1954-03-09 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron beam register signaling system
US2773934A (en) * 1949-12-24 1956-12-11 Gen Dynamics Corp Electronic telephone system
US2936956A (en) * 1954-10-11 1960-05-17 Kienzle Apparate Gmbh Electronic computer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR859752A (fr) 1940-12-28
NL69984C (US06291589-20010918-C00001.png)

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