US2475947A - Oil burning heater having a concentric fuel pan and air cone - Google Patents

Description

July 12, 1949. .1. T. CLARK OIL BURNING HEATER HAVING A CONCENTRIC FUEL PAN AND AIR CONE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 22, 1947 (Z13 Ulawfi guucnfoz afforncu w.

J. T. CLARK OIL BURNING HEATER HAVING A CONCENTRIC July 12 FUEL PAN AND AIR CONE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 22, 1947 v Ii wa gpgoio08222; 2888 00 OD SEQR v 5 288000 2222 8 Patented July 12, 1949 OIL BURNING HEATER HAVING A CON- CENTRIC FUEL PANA'NDAIR CONE Jay T. Clark, Milan, Mich.;-Eva-ES; Clarkadministratrix of said Jay T;Clark-,:deceased Application January 22, 1947, Serial No; 723,545

2 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners of the concentric type,having a central air intake.

An important object of the invention is to provide a burner of the character described which win" be. unusually efiicient in providing a maximum' of heatfby reason of the provision of an improvedfstructure for" distributing the flames radiallyaway from the burner, thereby quickly and evenly heating the walls of the heating drum ofthe furnace in which the burner is mounted.

"Another important object 'of the invention is to provide a burner which will fulfill with maximum efficiency the above-stated purpose, but which is nevertheless of' unusually simple and novel design, inexpensive of construction, and easily adapted for mounting in well-known types of. conventionally constructed furnaces.

With the foregoing andother objects in view which 'will'app'ear as the description proceeds, the invention consists of certain novel details of construction and combinations of parts, hereinafter more fully described and pointed out in thec'laims, it beingunderstood that changes may be made in" the'construction and arrangement ofparts without departing from the'spirit of the invention as claimed.

Referring to thedrawings Figure 1 is a view taken on line l-l of Figure 2, in which the burner is shown partly in top plan, and partly in horizontal section.

Figure 2 is a view taken on line: 2--'-2 of Figure 1.

Referring. tothedrawingsin detail, an outer casing 5 is provided, that is preferably formed from" steel material or the like, and as shown clearlybyFigure 2,-is-of inverted frusto-conical formatiorub'eing open attop and'bottom. Seated ontheupp'er edge of the outer casing 5 is an annularbafile 6 having a flat portion that extends inwardly a shortdistance relative to the upper edge of the casing, an upwardly extending inner edge Land a depending'flanget around its outer edge, the flange 8 serving to hold the annular baiiie in its proper position of mounting upon the outer casing 5.

To the bottom edge of the outer casing 5 is secured, as by welding, the upwardly extended outer edge of an annular pan 9. As shown particularly by Figure 2, the bottom of the pan 9 is sloped downwardly from the outer edge thereof, the inner portion of the pan surrounding the opening formed therein being extended upwardly from the bottom at a sharp angle thereto.

The pan 9 serves as a receptacle for oil admitted to the burner, and it is seen from the construction of the pan that the oil, when admitted, will flow to the lowermost portion of thebottom, as shown lili'in Figure 2.

Oilis admitted to' the pan 9 by means'or-"a feed pipe ll.

Extended-upwardly through the openingin the annular pan 9 is an air cone 12, that is substantially of frusto'-conical' formation, and which is preferably secured fixedly to the upwardly extended inner'edge of the'pan 9, as by weldingior the like. At its lower end; the air cone 12 communicates with an air intake duct I3 with'whi'ch it may be formed integrally;'and which may be either of the n'atural or forced draft type.

*Referring to'Figure 2, it is seen that the upper end of the cone l2 terminates slightly shortof the upper edge of the outercasing 5. Removably'seated on the open upper end 'of the cone I2 is a large circular'bafile plate or disc N, that "is preferably formed witha downwardly "extended centerportion"l5 that fits into the open upper end of the cone, so as to hold the bafile plate in proper position.

The-baffle plate 14 is in diameter smaller than the inner'diameter of the annular baffle 6, thus forming an open space therebetween which has been indicatedat l5, this comprising a combustion chamber *outl'et.

-F'rom" a'point slightly above the 'pan9,' the cone I2 is freely perforated by the provision in the wall thereof of a pluralityof rows of spaced openings, these rows being provided up to'a point=slightly below the upper end of the cone. These openings constitute means whereby" air entering the'cone from the air intake duct may be emitted from the cone into the annular chamber'surrounding the cone, the openings being designatedby'the reference character I1, and comprising the sole inlet'for air into the combustion' chamber.

-Removably seated in the lower portion of the combustion chamber formed by the outer casing 5 cooperatingwiththe air cone I2 is an annular lower bafflering l8. This'may be formed in sections to permit easy disassembly of the burner structure, which sections, when joined, give the lower baffle its annular form. The outer edge I!) of the lower baflie is positioned against the wall of the outer casing 5, and the inner edge 20 is spaced from the wall of the air cone l2 to provide an annular outlet therebetween for products of combustion. To the lower surface of the lower baflle I8 are secured, by any well-known fastening means 2!, vertical bafiles 22. These are radially disposed around the air cone I2, and are spaced therefrom, as clearly shown by Figure 2.

The vertical baffles 22 are integrally formed with plates 23 whereby they are secured to the .annular lower baffle 18, the baffles proper extending downwardly from said plates in perpendicular relation thereto, and terminating at their lower ends in points 24 that rest on the bottom of the pan 9. Thus, it is seen that the vertical baflies 22 serve not only as baffles, in a manner to be hereinafter described, but also as legs whereby the annular lower bafile I8 may be seated in proper position in the chamber.

In operation of my burner, oil is fed to the pan 9 through the feed pipe I I. An important characteristic of the pan 9 is its unusual adaptability for distributing the fuel evenly around the cone l2, and in a direction toward the wall of the cone. By reason of the construction of the pan, even a very small amount of fuel is spread completely around the cone. It is, of course, understood that the fuel will be delivered to the pan 9 in regulated quantity, this being effected by any of various well-known means not constituting a part of the present invention. The fuel is then ignited electrically, by torch, or by any other well-known means.

As the vaporized oil gas resulting from igniting of the fuel rises, it is mixed with air emitted through the air outlet opening I! in the cone I2. The annular lower baflle I8 cooperating with the vertical baflies 22 direct the resulting products of combustion through the open space between the inner edge of the bafile l8 and the wall of the cone [2. The heat so directed against the cone increases the draft through the cone, resulting in maximum efiiciency in combustion.

As the heat-expanded products of combustion are fed through this open space, maximum efficiency as to further expansion thereof is provided by the diverging upper walls of the cone l2 and lower casing 5.

The formation of the circular baflle plate l4, and its positioning slightly below the annular baflie 6 results in the flames being channeled through the open space l6 therebetween, and being directed against the walls of the drum of the furnace in which the burner is mounted, thus resulting in maximum heating of the walls of said drum.

It is pointed out that by reason of the particular shape and arrangement of the parts of my burner, oil fed thereto will burn cleanly and with maximum heat regardless of the quantity of said oil. Even a very small amount of oil will be properly burned, as hereinbefore described. The angle of the wall of the cone l2, further, is particularly designed to direct the flow of the products of combustion directly on the heated bailie plates l4 and 18, thus increasing the vaporizing effect of the products of combustion. In addition, the formation and arrangement of the annular lower baffle l8 permits a shortening of the generating time of the products of combustion. Co-

operating with the baffle I 8 in this respect are the vertical bafiies 22, which assist in maintaining proper combustion as the fuel approaches exhaustion as for instance, when the fuel tank becomes empty, and this prevents fouling of the burner from carbon.

What is claimed is:

1. An oil burner, comprising an outer casing of inverted frusto-conical formation, a fuel-receiving annular pan extending from the lower edge thereof and provided with a relatively large central opening, the bottom of said pan being sloped downwardly from the casing, an annular bafile mounted on the upper edge of the casing and extending inwardly therefrom a short distance, a perforated air cone of frusto-conical formation upwardly extended through the opening in the pan, a circular baffle plate removably seated on the top of the air cone, spaced vertical baflies extending upwardly from the bottom of the pan and disposed radially of the cone, and an annular lower bafile mounted on the vertical bafiles and disposed approximately horizontally.

2. An oil burner, comprising an outer casing, of inverted frusto-conical formation, a fuel-receiving annular pan extending inwardly from the lower end thereof, and provided with a relatively large central opening, the bottom of said pan being sloped downwardly from the casing, an annular bafile mounted on the upper end of the casing and extending inwardly therefrom a short distance, a perforated air cone of frustoconical formation upwardly extended through the opening in the pan, the upper end of the cone terminating a short distance below the upper end of the casing, a circular baflie plate removably seated on the top of the air cone, said baflie plate being smaller in diameter than the diameter of the inner edge of the annular baflle, providing an open space therebetween, spaced vertical baiiles extending upwardly from the bottom of the pan and disposed radially of the air cone, and an approximately horizontal annular lower bafiie mounted on the vertical baflles and spaced from the air cone..

JAY T. CLARK.

REFERENCES CITED The following referemces are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,086,369 Steiner July 6, 1937 2,091,658 Sturgis Aug. 31, 1937 2,262,922 Castle et a1. Nov. 18, 1941 2,420,981 Rivers May 20, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 216,523 Germany Nov. 23, 1909

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