US2473835A - Means for the interchange of electrical and acoustical energy - Google Patents

Means for the interchange of electrical and acoustical energy Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2473835A
US2473835A US15391A US1539148A US2473835A US 2473835 A US2473835 A US 2473835A US 15391 A US15391 A US 15391A US 1539148 A US1539148 A US 1539148A US 2473835 A US2473835 A US 2473835A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
crystals
electrical
interchange
acoustical energy
piezoelectric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US15391A
Inventor
Jr Edwin E Turner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Submarine Signal Co
Original Assignee
Submarine Signal Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US453909A external-priority patent/US2452085A/en
Application filed by Submarine Signal Co filed Critical Submarine Signal Co
Priority to US15391A priority Critical patent/US2473835A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2473835A publication Critical patent/US2473835A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/72—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a submarine signaling device and more particularly to a. system which might be used either for sending or receiving.
  • the present invention is particularly useful for sending and receiving in a given plane normal to the axis of the unit itself, for the unit in the present form may be used in an elongated form in a direction at right angles to the direction of radiation.
  • The-present invention may be applied to magneto-striction devices or to devices energized by other means, as, for instance, piezoelectric crystals.
  • a central core of crystals is provided which, when energized by alternating current, produces radial vibrations in an elongated shell which may be transmitted to the water or the other sound propagating medium;
  • Fig. 1 shows a; sectional elevation of a form of apparatus using'piezoelectric crystals; Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and Figs. 3 and 4 show detail arrangements of the crystal and the electrodes of the device of Fig. 1.
  • a cylindrical shell I which should preferably have a thickness less than the order of a one-quarter wave length of the wave which is to be propagated radially through the shell.
  • shells thinner than this may in most cases preferably be used.
  • circumferential grooves '2 and 3 At each end of the cylinder there is provided circumferential grooves '2 and 3 so as to permit the vibrational section between the two grooves free radial vibration without any clamping effect due to the end of the casing.
  • one end of the casing may be closed by a plug member 4 welded to the cylinder around its edge as indicated at 5.
  • Piezoelectric crystals l 3 and I4 arranged alternately at right angles to each other as shown in Fig. 3, are arranged in a stack in the cylindrical shell I.
  • the end surfaces l5, l6, ll and I8 of the crystals are accurately cut to fit the cylindrical contour of the shell.
  • the crystals i3 and H are elongated and laid crosswise along diame- 2 ters of the circular section of the cylinder at right angles to each other.
  • the edges l5 and I6 of the crystal 43 bear against the inner wall of the cylinder and are cemented to it with some suitable cement and similarly the edges ll and Id of the crystal II.
  • the crystals are provided with electrodes i9 and 20 on their elongated faces,
  • the electrode 20 on the underside of the crystal making electrical contact with the electrode onthe crystal arranged crosswise to it.
  • These crystals may be held in place by rubber or in-' sulating plugs 2
  • the structure In the crystal structure, electrical potentials produced across the electrodes will producelongitudinal vibrations in the crystal acting upon the cylindrical walls and therefore produce radial vibration of the cylindrical elements.
  • the structure may betuned and resonance ma be established by choosing the material thickness and dimension of the cylinder in connection with the use of the piezoelectric crystal elements.
  • Various types of crystals may be employed but it is preferable to use in this connection a piezoelectric crystal of great activity such as Rochelle salt.
  • Means for the interchange of electrical and acoustical energy comprising a hollow cylindrical element the outer surface of which serves to radiate and receive compressional wave energy, a
  • crystals arranged alternately crosswise to each other forming crosses with'the ends of the crystals bearing against the walls of the cylinder in positions substantially degrees from each other, said crystals being piezoelectric elements with electrodes positioned on the surfaces of the crystals in planes normal to the axis of the cylinder.
  • Means for the. interchange of electrical and acoustical energy comprising a hollow cylindrical element, a stack of piezoelectric crystals having their electrical surfaces substantially at right angles to the axis of the crystals and having their compressional ends bearing against the inner walls of the cylinder, said crystals being divided into groups in interleaved relation with the crystals of one group extending at an angle to those of another group.
  • Means for the interchange of electrical and acoustical energy comprising a hollow cylindrical element, a stack of piezoelectric crystals having their electrical surfaces substantially at right angles to the axis of the crystals and having their being cemented to the inner walls of said cylinder, said crystals being divided into groups in interleaved relation with the crystals of one group extending at an angle to those of another group.
  • a compressional wave translating device comprising two groups of similar elongated piezoelectric crystals mounted in spaced superposed relation with corresponding dimensions of said crystals in parallel planes, the crystals of said groups being arranged alternately with the crystals of one group extending at an angle to the crystals of the other group.
  • a compressional wave translating device comprising a plurality of elongated, piezoelectric crystals mounted in superposed parallel relation, said plurality of crystals being divided into groups in interleaved relation with the crystals of one group extending at an angle to those of another group.

Description

June 21, 1949., URNER 2,473,835
- MEANS FOR THE I I n'rnncmmefi ELECTRICAL AND ACOUSTICAL E GY Original Filed Aug. 1942 INVENTDR Sow/1v 5. 771mm, Je
' Patented June 21, 1949 MEANS FOR THE INTERCHANGE F ELEC- TRICAL AND ACOUSTICAL ENERGY Edwin E.Turncr, Jr., West Roxbury, Mass., as-
signor, by mesne assignments, to Submarine Signal Company, Boston, Mass., a corporation of Delaware Original application August 6, 1942, SerialNo.
Divided and this application March 17, 1948, Serial No. 15,391
' Claims. (01.177-386) The present application is a division of application Serial No. 453,909, filed August 6, 1942. I The present invention relates to a submarine signaling device and more particularly to a. system which might be used either for sending or receiving.
The present invention is particularly useful for sending and receiving in a given plane normal to the axis of the unit itself, for the unit in the present form may be used in an elongated form in a direction at right angles to the direction of radiation.
The-present invention may be applied to magneto-striction devices or to devices energized by other means, as, for instance, piezoelectric crystals. In the form of the apparatus when energized by piezoelectric means, a central core of crystals is provided which, when energized by alternating current, produces radial vibrations in an elongated shell which may be transmitted to the water or the other sound propagating medium;
Without further description of the merits and advantages of the present invention which will be more completely understood and appreciated from the description in the specification below, the invention will now be described in connection with the drawings showing the embodiment of the invention in which Fig. 1 shows a; sectional elevation of a form of apparatus using'piezoelectric crystals; Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and Figs. 3 and 4 show detail arrangements of the crystal and the electrodes of the device of Fig. 1.
In the invention there is provided a cylindrical shell I which should preferably have a thickness less than the order of a one-quarter wave length of the wave which is to be propagated radially through the shell. As a matter of fact, shells thinner than this may in most cases preferably be used. At each end of the cylinder there is provided circumferential grooves '2 and 3 so as to permit the vibrational section between the two grooves free radial vibration without any clamping effect due to the end of the casing. As indicated in Fig. 1, one end of the casing may be closed by a plug member 4 welded to the cylinder around its edge as indicated at 5.
Piezoelectric crystals l 3 and I4, arranged alternately at right angles to each other as shown in Fig. 3, are arranged in a stack in the cylindrical shell I. The end surfaces l5, l6, ll and I8 of the crystals are accurately cut to fit the cylindrical contour of the shell.
The crystals i3 and H are elongated and laid crosswise along diame- 2 ters of the circular section of the cylinder at right angles to each other. The edges l5 and I6 of the crystal 43 bear against the inner wall of the cylinder and are cemented to it with some suitable cement and similarly the edges ll and Id of the crystal II. The crystals are provided with electrodes i9 and 20 on their elongated faces,
the electrode 20 on the underside of the crystal making electrical contact with the electrode onthe crystal arranged crosswise to it. These crystals may be held in place by rubber or in-' sulating plugs 2| at the bottom and 22 at the top of the unit. I
In the crystal structure, electrical potentials produced across the electrodes will producelongitudinal vibrations in the crystal acting upon the cylindrical walls and therefore produce radial vibration of the cylindrical elements. The structure may betuned and resonance ma be established by choosing the material thickness and dimension of the cylinder in connection with the use of the piezoelectric crystal elements. Various types of crystals may be employed but it is preferable to use in this connection a piezoelectric crystal of great activity such as Rochelle salt.
Having now described my invention, 1' claim: 1. Means for the interchange of electrical and acoustical energy comprising a hollow cylindrical element the outer surface of which serves to radiate and receive compressional wave energy, a
plurality of crystals arranged alternately crosswise to each other forming crosses with'the ends of the crystals bearing against the walls of the cylinder in positions substantially degrees from each other, said crystals being piezoelectric elements with electrodes positioned on the surfaces of the crystals in planes normal to the axis of the cylinder.
2. Means for the. interchange of electrical and acoustical energy comprising a hollow cylindrical element, a stack of piezoelectric crystals having their electrical surfaces substantially at right angles to the axis of the crystals and having their compressional ends bearing against the inner walls of the cylinder, said crystals being divided into groups in interleaved relation with the crystals of one group extending at an angle to those of another group.
3. Means for the interchange of electrical and acoustical energy comprising a hollow cylindrical element, a stack of piezoelectric crystals having their electrical surfaces substantially at right angles to the axis of the crystals and having their being cemented to the inner walls of said cylinder, said crystals being divided into groups in interleaved relation with the crystals of one group extending at an angle to those of another group.
4. A compressional wave translating device comprising two groups of similar elongated piezoelectric crystals mounted in spaced superposed relation with corresponding dimensions of said crystals in parallel planes, the crystals of said groups being arranged alternately with the crystals of one group extending at an angle to the crystals of the other group.
5. A compressional wave translating device comprising a plurality of elongated, piezoelectric crystals mounted in superposed parallel relation, said plurality of crystals being divided into groups in interleaved relation with the crystals of one group extending at an angle to those of another group.
EDWIN E. TURNER, JR.
No references cited.
US15391A 1942-08-06 1948-03-17 Means for the interchange of electrical and acoustical energy Expired - Lifetime US2473835A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15391A US2473835A (en) 1942-08-06 1948-03-17 Means for the interchange of electrical and acoustical energy

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US453909A US2452085A (en) 1942-08-06 1942-08-06 Means for the interchange of electrical and acoustical energy
US15391A US2473835A (en) 1942-08-06 1948-03-17 Means for the interchange of electrical and acoustical energy

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2473835A true US2473835A (en) 1949-06-21

Family

ID=26687314

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15391A Expired - Lifetime US2473835A (en) 1942-08-06 1948-03-17 Means for the interchange of electrical and acoustical energy

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2473835A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2977572A (en) * 1951-12-12 1961-03-28 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Hydrophone
US2988728A (en) * 1953-07-06 1961-06-13 United Geophysical Corp Piezoelectric hydrophone
US4241432A (en) * 1967-04-21 1980-12-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Transducer-reflector system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2977572A (en) * 1951-12-12 1961-03-28 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Hydrophone
US2988728A (en) * 1953-07-06 1961-06-13 United Geophysical Corp Piezoelectric hydrophone
US4241432A (en) * 1967-04-21 1980-12-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Transducer-reflector system

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2384465A (en) Submarine signaling appabatus
US3142035A (en) Ring-shaped transducer
US2838696A (en) Torsional transducers of ethylene diamine tartrate and dipotassium tartrate
US2733423A (en) Ceramic transducers having annular elements
US3202962A (en) Transducer
US3845333A (en) Alternate lead/ceramic stave free-flooded cylindrical transducer
US3054084A (en) Balanced flexural electroacoustic transducer
US2732536A (en) miller
US2399820A (en) Piezoelectric apparatus
GB1513530A (en) Piezoelectric transducers
US2405605A (en) Signal translating device
US2473835A (en) Means for the interchange of electrical and acoustical energy
US3525071A (en) Electroacoustic transducer
GB1522904A (en) Piezoelectric transducer assemblies
US2405187A (en) Piezoelectric transducer
US2746026A (en) Half wave annular transducer
US3374367A (en) Electroacoustic transducers
US3150347A (en) Underwater transducer element
US2844809A (en) Compressional wave transducers
US2842685A (en) Bender tuned array
US3266011A (en) Hydrophone
US2408028A (en) Means for sending and receiving compressional waves
US3263209A (en) Pressure compensated hydrophone
GB1457530A (en) Torsional transducer signs
US2451968A (en) Magnetostrictive electroacoustic transducer