US2472568A - Fluid operated vibrator - Google Patents

Description

June 7, 1949.

R. BURT FLUI'D OPERATED VIBRATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 14, 1945 Q 4 s $1.532NNN my 2 a w B M 3 Z 2 w pu m ll.- M0 (M 36 5 p i 2 M w, EEEQS Q w w 5 u 31wentor attorney June 7, 1949. R. BURT 2,472,568

FLUID OPERATED VIBRATOR Filed Aug. 14, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet z ZSnnentor RALPH Bl/kr (Ittorneg Patented June 7, 1949 ENT; QEEI Company, Homcnfifim Delaware i Pat, ,2 .v corporation, of

ApplicaticimAugust-lk 1945SeniahNo2 6107,852

Claims.

Tneipries ent invention-melateseto fiuiclioper-aite'd view-tors, particularly adapted .,-foreattalchmentr tot;- hopnersrsbinic, chutes iaor; :tables :01" the; a ike: i 011:: vibn'aitingitherebject:tozwhichritisiattauhedilay-they reaetiveiorces developed:

Itiiszan, object of the present invention to. provide a r fle-id: .;operetedvvibnaiton ithat; may: temp-1; embed.- .directly; by; fluid: under I pressure;

Another iobjectzisl the provision of: a fluid: 1.0mm eraltedmvibr'ator; having an .fidjUStBiblQ; amplitude .10 andlperiioduofz :vibmtiom nothen'obiectzxis tI'iBIPIOTVjSiOILO-f'ra. fluid; op-: eratedayibratoryhaving a wide range: of frequene: cieszoi :1 operatiomu-endwhich :is; of relatively sime ple i construction- :and :is: compact; iv

Another object isythGLpIOViSiOHJOf a flu id Op?- erated= vibrator. wherein :the adjustment r for" the; perio'rizendcamplitude, of vibration .715 located? ex teriorrvof the-fluid chamber and; isrea-dilyaccessin 018$.

A further-obiectrisithe pravislon ofi-a fluid :V -i bretor --1zhzwing a 1': resilient; connection; loetwe,en,=;-:v hevyal ewamidi phr m wh reby; a lrelativel simple mechanism may. @be employed; 5130 iseen-re the! desiredzryibreltionira In accordance-with the presentirinvention I 1 provide-e vibrator having; a, relativelyrzlight base; adapted d o be, secured to an :obj'ectyto: beg-vibrated an i-carrying a chamber;which'iszclosed bya Pli'l able; diaphragm-connected ;;to a, controh valye; inrr. theiphainbereby a yieldable or resilient linkage; whenebythe control yaive'maymoye with a snap; actien. -:to.- control the period :iofe vibration ande amplitudezofiqthe stroke; of'themdi-aphragmp A3. massive; member is secured-1120 the :-diaphragm;;z. prefereblyby a rigid co mection and a pivotetione end; to allowjor slight out of 1 line movement, and: I p-rzeyfer;-- to emplpy external; springs: to, bias the; member 1so,-;tha,t its; amplitude: of: Vibration :and frequency- 0f; vibration-may be adjusted.-

Theinvention will be described in greater detail; in thee tollowing specification taken in connection with, theamOmpanying drawings-,;whenein I have shown ...prete.rred embodiments ofthe invention by. yvay. of example, and wherein Figure 1 is -a vertical, longitudinal section:- through: a preferredembodiment of the invention;

Fignrez is an, end rview (if-Figure 1, 4

Fig re 3151a sectional; View .Ofia detail Fi ure-4 is a view-partly in; vertica1=seetionpofw a further? embodiment 101? the inventionend Figure 5 is a sideayiew ofnanotherembodiment;- of thednyentiom Reierring' toqthe; drawings Figure :1, there seawn 1a :basezel Many-suitab e s ze Q Z;=Sh.%PQ1E Yr/= hayinigzgan pinletsconneetion- 5.; Thee-inlet 5 1s; shewn displaced V-ebont, 'from ,its' normatposn (Cl. 259 l) 2 geheles: 2 alarmed Kat-its euds: whereby t brat-or mam ioessecuredctothe objectorepperatusto, be; vib 1i21,ted. The base "hasea .-;centra1 boss-3 which: is bored e354 to pllovidee pressure chamber,-

tion to simplify;,the;ldra,wing.- Ar cross bore. 6 conmecti-ngewith a yer ticalbore 1 provides an out:- let fomchelrnberr 4 rand-hisicontrolledby avalve memberel adapt d-town a a nst a tapered, seat. 5 l Lsutrqunciing theborel when-inelosed posit-ion.

Theiu mr endlofiehamber i iSgQlOSBd-bYfl diepln a gin; l2i clamped tet its-perriplglery to .the=-bossl 3 by-er ennulus l l 3 and-halts 4-, ,Thediaphragm 2i gwhicn xney tbe of; any; 3 suitab1e;- -material, is clamped between plates lenanci lfil byhscrews .11 passing therethrough and the plate 48 has an-- extensioml 8;;;which shasma, -b01e at, 12 I; tohrecei ve a :tigtghfittingggrgommet zz ef rubber er -other, suitebler resilient,meteriel, such Tas; polymerized butzsdiene, copoly nerized butad-ieneand styrene r oneerylonitrile; end: polymerized --methylch1oro-: butadienfimknown ;comrnereielly, as Arneripol v or neelq-fi lle: A sleeve 2352s provided-in tllegrom met; Theeyal-ye ,membemfi is,-se,ouredtoa bi- 11TH catedsrod oneleyishz i bylneenswfia screw 25 and, nutimyvhichjalso-lsemesstorhold va castellated widez-memh tw l-a p a s- The we w clevis z lrris -gboreri :to -reeei-ve a loc -111,28, passing,-

ther-e hrou i1 and thrq ehs he e ew ilnathe;

grommetzflrzwhereby the -yalvefi is resiliently-pr y ldablyl tied; t the; d a hra m i The tunnel? plated 5-ca1ries a nf asslve member-y 3 l secured-thereto by; (one -.-Yormore eap screws H SZ encL hicIr may!pe desi-gnated-es the vibratqry portion-of ithe VibZatOFY mQtOH." The memberfil; is supported bytwo sets of leefsplingsfiii clampedtherit1QZl thI he'limid ie clamp -Meant!ss cu edm attheir endsztanheibaise-l by,;c1i;os 35 which allow; the; nter ned ete portion :xointh wsprin s rt wflex ndwguideathe memleen in wits vibratory motion-z. The membersfi l:- isabored; at Sfizand 131.130 receive helieel'zsnrine gt l end-4 eqmnl essedz ye-l ans il Washers -;i3;;zst;1 1d,s;4,z; nd; nut-s..46.=' The IJGIFiOd-ff of .yi-brationeofithemember 43 l at a given- Water:

pressnrei:iswdetermmed i partiynbyitsmess a d a par 'bmthelleompression 10f springs; i I; and; 1-42,: mllcmzfiom. xtemrbxc he. sp i n se'fl end 33; Theisperiexizofsyibraition .thnsizmay; beg-varied ixlis inem ts flfiawh thiare external- 0f the pres-;

ember .anatinszreaise; inczcomnressiom ofa; lzlgtending to inerease. the perlod,-;.oiw VibEfiltiQIl-TL operations the fluid which: preferably? ism watee. under: pressn eeisleclmittem;to:;chamben:i4 a

through inlet '5 and exerts a pressure on the under side of diaphragm i2 which tends to raise the diaphragm and distort the grommet 22. The area of diaphragm i2 is greater than the area of the valve opening I, and a ratio of about to 1 to 13 to 1 has been found preferable, although this ratio may be varied for different water pressures, and other suitable ratios may be employed. At the same time that fluid pressure is raising the diaphragm it is also acting on the upper area of valve 8 to hold it on its seat against the action of distorted grommet 22 which tends to assume its normal position until finally the restoring force of the distorted grommet and the upward force on the diaphragm are sufiicient to lift the valve off its seat, thus exposing outlet 1 to relieve the pressure in chamber 4 and allowing restoration of grommet 22. The drop in pressure in chamber 6, the mass 3!, and the springs 32, 33, H and 42 will cause the diaphragm to move downwardly when the pressure in chamber A. has been reduced sufficiently, and carry the valve to its seat. The flow of fluid past the valve 3, which occurs when the valve is near its seat, tends to produce fluttering or chattering of the valve, and resilient grommet 22 reduces or prevents fluttering of the valve, insures proper closing thereof, and cushions the downward impact of the mass 3! against the valve and seat. The closing of valve 8 allows the pressure in chamber 4 to build up and again raise the diaphragm, to repeat the cycle of operation and thus cause vibration of the mass 3!. A simultaneous vibration in base I, which is less massive than member 3!, and which is secured to the object which it is desired to vibrate, such as a bin, hopper, chute, trough or table or the like, causes the object to vibrate.

The frequency and amplitude of vibration depends on several factors including the strength of springs 33, 32, t2 and ll, the mass of member 3|, the stiffness and resiliency of grommet 22, the relative areas of diaphragm I2 and valve 8, the pressure of the fluid supplied, and the rate of flow of fluid provided. The latter may be controlled by a suitable throttle valve preferably located in the outlet and set to allow a nearly uniform flow through the outlet and thus prevent substantial back pressure surges tending to cause fluttering of valve 3. If desired, an air chamber may be connected in the inlet line to cushion pressure surges. The springs 4| and 42 allow the vibrator to be used in any position, as the apparatus does not depend on gravity to return the mass 3| in each cycle, and springs 32 and 33 serve as guides to maintain the mass 3! in proper position. By adjusting springs H and 42 the frequency and amplituude of vibration of the mass 3| may be varied. The frequency of vibration also may be controlled by controlling or restricting the rate of flow of fluid supplied through the inlet connection by a suitable valve in the inlet line (not shown) or by restricting or varying the flow through the outlet by a suitable throttle valve in the outlet connection (not shown) or by both. While I have shown a statically unbalanced valve at 8, it will be understood that any suitable type of valve may be employed.

In the modification shown in Figure 4, wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals, the base I is made separate from the part 3 and is secured thereto by bolts or the like passing through the holes 50 into chamber member 3. The member 3 provides a pressure chamber 4 which is closed at its upper end by the pliable diaphragm l2 clamped to the upper end properly seats by clamping ring l3 and bolts M. The base I has a lug 5| and a flexible strap or leaf spring 52, preferably of spring steel, is clamped at one end to lug 5| and its other end is secured to one end of member 3!. The flanged backing member 54 has a bore 55 therein which receives a stud 56 threaded therein and passing through diaphragm [2 into bore 55' in backing plate l5, whereby the diaphragm is clamped between the backing plate 54 and block i5. Backing plate 54 has a bore 58 in which is located a washer 60 of natural or synthetic rubber material. A valve stem 6! has a plate 62 held against a shoulder thereon adjacent one end by the nut 63, this plate being received in the bore 58. A second washer 65 of solid resilient material is located on the opposite side of plate 62, and a metal plate 66 is secured to the backing plate 54 by screws 68 or the like so that the plate 62 and valve stem 6| are resiliently and firmly held between the washers 60 and 65.

A clearance space is provided around the inside of washers 6B and 65 to allow deformation thereof to take place during operation of the apparatus, and a suitable clearance for plate 52 is allowed to prevent binding thereof in bore 58, and the central bore It! in plate 55 is large enough to allow lateral movement of stem 6| without binding.

The valve stem it! extends through a suitable hole 59 in plate 66 and at its opposite end carries a valve member 8 which may be locked thereon between a lock nut H and a castellated or cup shaped wing guide member 21 held thereon by a screw l2. A suitable inlet 5 is provided in the side of chamber 4 for the introduction of working fluid under pressure, and a recess or well 1 is provided in the chamber with which the outlet 6 communicates. A valve seat member 13 of suitable material has a valve aperture 14 and a tapered seat surrounding the aperture which is adapted to cooperate with the tapered portion 16 of the valve member, the guide 2'! being of such dimensions as to move freely through the bore 74 and at the same time prevent excessive lateral movement of the valve, so that the valve on its downward stroke. A cushion to eliminate water hammer is provided by the hollow tubes 1! and i8 surrounding the plate 54, the tubes being made of deformable resilient material, such as rubber, and containing trapped air so as to cushion the water hammer. A member 31 is secured at one end to the strap 52 and is secured by cap screws 8% to the block 15. The base i has a post 32 threaded into the base and is held in place by alock nut 83. The post extends through a suitable hole B l in member 3! surrounded on either side by recesses and 86, and a spring ill in recess 85 surrounds the post and abuts a washer 9d at one end and the base of the recess 85 at its other end, the washer being located on the post by a lock nut 9!. A second spring 528 at one end abuts the washer 93 at one end and the base of recess 53 at its other end, the washer 93 being retained in position on the post by the lock nuts 9d. The compression of the springs 87 and 38 may be adjusted by adjusting the positions of the washer-s 9i! and 93.

The operation of this modification is similar to that illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, and it is to be observed that by reason of the pivoted mounting of the member 3i and the relatively large mass 95 at the opposite end of this member, an amplification of vibration is obtained.

In the modification illustrated in Figure 5, wherein like parts are designated by like reference characters, the construction and operation is similar except that only one spring 81 is located in the recess 85, this spring biasing the member iii in a direction to cause valve 8 to close when there is no pressure in chamber 4.

The invention may be embodied in other modifications without departing from the spirit or scope thereof.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. Vibratory apparatus comprising a base adapted to be secured to an object to b vibrated, and providing a pressure chamber, a pliable diaphragm closing one end of said chamber, inlet and outlet connections to said chamber, a valve for controlling flow through said outlet connection, resilient means connecting said valve and diaphragm, a massive body connected to said diaphragm, and spring means biasing said mass and diaphragm in a direction to close said valve.

2. Vibratory apparatus comprising a base adapted to be secured to an object to be vibrated and providing a pressure chamber, a pliable diaphragm closing one end of said chamber, inlet and outlet connections to said chamber, a valve for controlling flow through one of said connections, resilient means connecting said valve and diaphragm, a massive body secured to said diaphragm, and flexible mean-s to support and guide said body in its vibratory movement.

3. Vibratory apparatus comprising a base adapted to be secured to an object to be vibrated and providing a pressure chamber, a pliable diaphragm closing one end of said chamber, inlet and outlet connections to said chamber, a valve for controlling flow through said outlet connection, resilient means connecting said valve and diaphragm, a massive member secured to said diaphragm, flexible means to support and guide said member, and spring means biasing said member in a direction to close said valve.

4. Vibratory apparatus comprising a base adapted to be secured to an object to be vibrated and providing a pressure chamber, a pliable diaphragm closing one end of said chamber, inlet and outlet connections to said chamber, a valve for controlling flow through one of said connections, resilient means connecting said valve and diaphragm, a massive member secured to said diaphragm, means providing a movable pivot for said member, and spring means on opposite sides of the member exterior of said pressure chamber.

5. Vibratory apparatus comprising a base adapted to be secured to an object to be vibrated and providing a pressure chamber, a pliable diaphragm closing one end of said chamber, inlet and outlet connections to said chamber, a valve for controlling flow through one of said connections, resilient means connecting said valve and diaphragm, a massive member secured to said diaphragm, a cantilever spring secured to said base and member providing a movable pivot for the latter, and spring means on opposite sides of the member exterior of said pressure chamber.

6. Vibratory apparatus comprising a base adapted to be secured to an object to be vibrated and providing a pressure chamber, a pliable diaphragm closing one end of said chamber, inlet and outlet connections to said chamber, a valve for controlling fiow through said outlet connection, resilient means connecting said valve and diaphragm, a massive member secured to said diaphragm, a cantilever spring secured to said base and member providing a movable pivot for the latter, and spring means biasing said member in a direction to close said valve. i

7. Vibratory apparatus comprising a base adapted to be secured to an object to be vibrated and providing a pressure chamber, a pliable diaphragm closing one end of said chamber, inlet and outlet connections to said chamber, a valve for controlling flow through said outlet connection, resilient means connecting said valve and diaphragm, a massive member secured to said diaphragm, a leaf spring secured to said base and to said member, spring means biasing said member in a direction to close said valve, and a hollowair cushion chamber member in said pressure chamber.

8. Vibratory apparatus comprising the base adapted to be secured to an object to be vibrated and providing a pressure chamber, a pliable diaphragm closing one end of said chamber, inlet and outlet fluid pressure connections to said chamber, a valve for controlling the flow of fluid through one of said connections, a block secured to the diaphragm, a mass resiliently supported relative to the base and attached to said block, resilient means interposed between said block and said valve to delay the operation of the valve and cause the mass to vibrate.

9. Vibratory apparatus comprising the base adapted to be secured to an object to be vibrated and providing a pressure chamber, a pliable diaphragm closing one end of said chamber, inlet and outlet fluid pressure connections to said chamber, a valve for controlling the flow of fluid through one of said connections, a block secured to the diaphragm, a mass resiliently supported relative to the base and attached to said block, a body of rubber material resiliently connected between said block and said valve to delay the operation of the valve and cause the fluid to vibrate the mass.

10. Vibratory apparatus comprising a. base adapted to be secured to an object to be vibrated and providing a pressure chamber, a pliable diaphragm closing one end of said pressure chamber, plate means attached to said diaphragm for movement therewith, an extension on said plate means having a resilient insert, inlet and outlet fluid connections to said chamber, a valve controlling the flow of fluid through one of said fluid connections, a mass resiliently supported relative to the base and attached to said plate means, and means connecting said resilient insert and said valve to delay the operation of the latter and cause the mass to vibrate.

RALPH BURT.

REFERENCES CITED The following referenlces are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 638,251 Klemfeldt Dec. 5, 1899 2,305,211 Walton Dec. 15, 1942

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