US2468556A - Regenerative repeater - Google Patents

Regenerative repeater Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2468556A
US2468556A US713406A US71340646A US2468556A US 2468556 A US2468556 A US 2468556A US 713406 A US713406 A US 713406A US 71340646 A US71340646 A US 71340646A US 2468556 A US2468556 A US 2468556A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
relay
winding
signal
energized
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US713406A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hurault Jean Louis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
Original Assignee
Compagnie Generale dElectricite SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Generale dElectricite SA filed Critical Compagnie Generale dElectricite SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2468556A publication Critical patent/US2468556A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/20—Repeater circuits; Relay circuits
    • H04L25/24—Relay circuits using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H04L25/242—Relay circuits using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with retiming
    • H04L25/245—Relay circuits using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with retiming for start-stop signals

Definitions

  • My invention relates to high speed telegraphy using codes of the a rhythmic type, and in particular, to means for correcting for line distortion of signal elements, especially their characteristic instants of current reversal.
  • Fig. 1b shows the received signal train of Fig. 1a after it has been distorted in transmission over a line
  • Fig. 1c shows after correction a signal wave train which has been distorted corrected according to a particular method of reversing currentpolarity
  • Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the system of the The explanation of the phenomena in the Case of a signal transmitted in the arhythmic or startstop code is as follows: the line is always traversed by a current. This current is positive in the absence or signal modulation. Each character (letter, cipher, punctuation, and so on) is composed of five signal elements called code signals. These signal elements are preceded by a Start signal element (negative polarity) and followed by a Stop signal element.
  • Figure 1a. annexed shows the diagram of a train of signals corresponding to any character taken by way of example.
  • the receiving relay which is traversed by positive current in the absence of signal modulation,
  • the duration of each of the elementary signals is, in the system of practical operation in use on the French telegraph network, 20 milliseconds.
  • the Stop signal may last indefinitely in the absence of signal modulation.
  • the distortion has for its effect to extend or shorten the signal elements (Start, Code or Stop signals).
  • the characteristic instants instants of reversal of current
  • Figure 1b represents the wave shape after deformation by distortion in transmission over a line, of the train of signals the perfect signal modulation of which is shown in Figure 1a.
  • the method forming the subject of the abovementioned invention of Pierre consists in retarding by one half the duration of an elementary signal, that is to say by 10 milliseconds, the characteristic instants of the corrected signal.
  • an elementary signal that is to say by 10 milliseconds
  • the times 10-30, --60-70-90- -and milliseconds are noted. These times are the characteristic instants oi the corrected signals.
  • the polarity which follows each new characteristic instant is the polarity of the signal received at the period of this new characteristic instant.
  • Figure 1c shows the application of this principle to the correction of the distortion which afiected the signals represented in Figure 117.
  • the distortion correction may reach 50% on the sole condition that the noting of the time 3050 milliseconds is zmad in .precise manner.
  • the present'invention has for object to provide a device for its carrying out the method which has just been explained.
  • this relaxation tube-'l'isitrige gered by the reception of a Start signal, a mem: ber such as a relay alwaysproviding a certain delay between the appearance of the Stop-Start rever'sal signal element and'the-sending of the first short puls'e.
  • This delay is, preferably, equalto one lialf of-"the duration otan elementary signal of'the code-employed;
  • a second oscillating relaxation --tubedeliversan 'ou-tputplate current constituted by a series of short'pul-ses-s'paced apart-by the total duration of a j character.
  • This-second relaxation tube is synchronized by the-first tube,-its first pulse coinciding with the first pulse of this latter. It produces, byits second pulse which is triggered at the end of the last Start signal'element of the character'received, thereturn of the correcting circuits to-the initial state.
  • 'Fligure-are presents a-construction cf the systemforming-the subject of the present: invention applied to 'a'systemoperatedaccording to a Start- Stopcode-in'which each character is composed of five-elementary signals (plus'a Start signal) each" of these signalelements lasting milliseconds.-
  • the contact representing the rest or de-energized position of "the tongue or armature of each relay is' designated R, and the contact representing its-energized position is designated -'I'.
  • The-relay l is the starting relay and'has -twowindings.
  • the relay-2 is the end relay and'has three wind,-
  • the tube aLI is-the oscillating relaxation tube of' period '20 milliseconds. oscillationzis determined by the circuitiZz C2.
  • external synchronization may be applied to thisjube through.
  • the. medium ,of the transe former as from a source-6 I: supplying 50 'cycle alternating current.
  • the :source ot-synchronizati'on may; moreover; be common to a-I-large number of i correctingadevices;
  • Il ie-"tub'ezLzv is the. oscillating relaxation tube M5120:milliseconds period; 'The. frequencyof this.
  • the tube L1 the i circuits of which have; been. designed for thispurpose; mark the times 10-30- 50-70-90-110 and milliseconds, byvshortcurrent pulses in its plate circuit.
  • Thesepulses -give the characteristic instants a of the corrected sigand duringia' very shortrt'ime' brings-the tongues of the relay 2 to their actuated or working 'posi-- tion.
  • the operating cycle for one given complete start-stop signal is as follows:
  • the winding I of relay I is not energized because of the presence of the rectifier. Its winding 2 is not energized since the circuit of the tube L2 is open because of the release of relay l.
  • the winding I of the relay 2 is permanently energized, and tends to place the armature of this relay in the rest position, its winding 2 is energized by the current of the stop signal and its action is opposed to that of the winding I, but the flux of winding 2 is smaller than that of winding I. Furthermore, the winding 3' is not energized since the circuit of the tube L2 is open to ground because of the rest position of relay l.
  • the relay 2 remains at rest.
  • the relay 4 is energized in the sense corresponding to the positive impulses and it directs the +A voltage toward one of the windings of relay 3 (I for example). However, this winding is not energized, since the tube LI does not deliver output but the armature of relay 3 stays, however, on its contact +T, where it has been placed at the beginning of the stop signal, and a positive polarity is sent and applied to the right terminal X.
  • relay I The winding I of relay l is energized but relay I remains at rest because of its delayed operation.
  • the winding 2 of the relay I is not excited, its circuit being opened by the rest contact of relay l.
  • the winding 2 of relay 2 is energized in the sense inverse to the preceding sense and its flux reinforces that of winding I, to maintain the armature at rest, the winding 3 is not energized.
  • the relay 2 remains at rest.
  • the relay 4 is energized in the opposite sense from the preceding sense; it puts into the circuit the winding 2 of the relay 3, but this winding is not yet energized since the circuit of the tube LI is opened by the rest position of relay I.
  • the armature of the relay 3, therefore, does not budge and a continuous positive polarity has been applied to the terminal S.
  • relay I comes into operative position. It closes a circuit of the tubes LI and L2 which produce a very short pulse.
  • the winding 2 of relay I is energized during the duration of the short pulse, which has no efiect on relay I, the ampere turns of the winding I being preponderant.
  • the winding 3 of the relay 2 is energized during the duration of the short pulse, which tends to hold its armature in operative position, but the ampere turns of this winding are smaller than the sum of the ampere turns of the windings I and 2, so that the relay 2 remains in unoperated position.
  • the polarity of the first characteristic signal is negative 15 (24 milliseconds for example, supposing a delay of distortion of 4 milliseconds) .
  • the first characteristic element is efiectively received at E:
  • the relay I continues to be excited by its winding I and remains in operated position. No change is produced for the relay 2, which remains in rest position.
  • the relay 4 does not budge and the relay 3 continues to send to terminal S a negative polarity.
  • the winding I of the relay I continues to be energized, and the relay I remains in operated position.
  • the winding 2 of the relay I is not energized since the tube L2 does not oscillate, the frequency of its oscillations being equal to 120 milliseconds.
  • the winding 3 of the relay 2 is not energized for the same reason and the relay 2 remains in unenergized position as during the starting operation.
  • the tube LI produces its second short pulse, the frequency of its oscillation being adjusted to 20 milliseconds.
  • the relay 4 is energized in the same sense as during the starting period and does not budge.
  • the winding 2 of the relay 3 is energized during the duration of the short pulse produced by the tube L! which retains relay 3 in its position T.
  • a negative polarity continues to be sent to terminal B.
  • the polarity of the first characteristic signal is positive (24 milliseconds for example, assuming a delay 0 f distortion of 4 milliseconds) .
  • the first characteristic element is effectively received at E:
  • the winding I of the relay I ceases to be energized, its Winding 2 is no longer energized, and the relay i remains in operative position.
  • the armature of relay 3 therefore, stays on the contact -T and a negative polarity is always applied to the terminal S.
  • the windings I and 2 of the relay I are not energized, the relay remains in operated position, the relay 2 remains in unenergized position, no modification occurring in its supply circuit.
  • the tube LI produces a second short pulse during the period in which the winding l of the relay 3 is energized, the relay 4 remaining inthe ssame position". : The armature relay 3 swings, sending aipositive polarity-to terminal S.
  • the relay 4 puts or'maintains in a circuit the winding I of the relayv 3', but this winding is not energized, since the oscillator tube Ll is not oscillating, 'so that the-armature of the relay 3' stays in the position in which it was before.
  • relay I Across the tube L2 the winding 2 of relay I and the windingil of; relay 2 are energized during the duration ,of .theshort pulse.
  • the winding I of relay 3 is energized during the duration of the short pulse of the tube LI and the armature of 3 passes, or remains, on the positive terminal, applying apositive polarity to the terminal S.
  • the-winding 3 of-relay-2 ceasesto be *energized and relay 2 returns tothe rest position under the action of its winding I which -ispreponderant with relation to the winding 2.
  • the winding 2 of the relay-l likewise ceases to be energized, the relay I does notbudge and remains .in rest position.
  • the relay 4 remains energized in the sense which corresponds to'putting into circuit of the winding I of relay'3.
  • Thedevice just described by way of example is intended to operate with a given particular code and agiven defined'duration of signals. It is obviousthat without departing from the scope of the present invention, such a device would permit of correcting an arhythmic telegraphic operation of any speed and code.
  • a signal correcting device for a start-stop telegraph system comprising two input terminals to which are applied'the distorted transmitted signal impulses which are'to beregenerated, a source of continuous current, a first telegraph relay, a second. double winding relay, said first relay being connecte'd'to be actuated'by said received impulses, said second relay having two controlled "contacts, said first relay being connected to connect with one pole of said source of continuous current, one terminal selectively of either one of the two opposing windings of said second relay according to the polarity of the receivedimpulses which are-:appliedto the 8 winding: of said first relay, a.
  • said second relay being connected toiap- Fly to one of the said output terminalsa-positive or negative voltage according to thelposi- .tion of it armature, a relaxation oscillator tube arranged to produce spaced short pulses .of the predetermined assigned duration of a signal element of the code being used, the other terminal in common of the two windings of'said secondrelay being connected to the other pole of said source of continuous current through the output and input terminals of said tube.
  • a device characterized bythe fact that for the purpose of causing the triggering of the first pulse of the relaxation oscillator tube at the-midpoint'of the. theoretical duration of the start signal element of each code character, it comprises a third starting relay, a rectifier connected to allow to pass only the currents whose polarity corresponds to the start signal element, one of the windings oi said'thirdrelay being connected to the signal input terminals through said rectifier, the third relay being connected for closing the cathode circuit of said relaxation oscillator tube, the said third relay being retarded by an interval equal to half of the theoretrical duration of a signal element or the code employed.
  • a signal correcting device for a start-stop telegraph system comprising two input terminals to which are applied the distorted transmitted signal impulses which are to be regenerated, "a source of continuou current, a first telegraphrelay, a second double Winding relay, said first relay being connected to be actuated by said received impulses, said second relay having'two controlled contacts, said first relay being-connected to connect with one poleof said source of.
  • said second relay according to the polarity ofthe received impulses which are applied to the winding of said first relay, a pair of output'terminals, said second relay being connected to, apply to one of the said output terminals a positive or negative voltage according totheposition of; its armature, a relaxation oscillator tube arranged to produce spaced short pulses of the predetermined assigned duration of a signal element of the code being used, the other terminal incommon of the two windings of saidsecondrelay being connected to theother pole. of said source of continuous current through the output and in,- put terminals of said tube, said device further comprising a secondtube arranged as. a relaxation oscillator .and adjusted in such.
  • a third starting relay having two windings, a fourth terminal relay, a plurality of ,,condensers arranged for providing delay of the starting. relay and the starting intooscillation. of said second tube, the plate circuit of the saidsecon'd tube being connected to energize on the one hand a second winding of said third starting relay whichproduces a. flux opposed to that due to. its first winding, and also being connected toenergize a winding of said fourth terminal, relay, said fourthterminal relay being connectedlto shortcircuit the saidv condensers.
  • a device characterized by the. fact that for thepurpose ,of causin theinitiation of the first pulse of said-second relaxation oscillator tube at the sameinstant as that of the said first relaxation .oscillatortube.
  • a device characterized by the fact that for the purpose of avoiding having the first pulse of the second relaxation oscillator tube cause the operation of said fourth terminal relay, the said fourth relay comprises, besides its winding traversed by the output current of the said second oscillator tube, two other windings, one of which is connected to be permanently energized by a source of continuous current and the other winding of which is connected to be energized by the impulses of the received signal element received on said input terminals, the ampere-turns in each one of these three last said windings of said fourth relay being designed in such manner that the flux of the winding traversed by the output current of said second tube can only cause the operation of said 10 fourth relay when its said winding which is energized by the impulses of the signals received on said input terminals is traversed by a current of the sense corresponding to that of the stop signal, and that the flux of said last mentioned winding can cause the operation of said fourth relay whatever may be the sense of the impulse of the received signal current.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
US713406A 1945-12-20 1946-12-02 Regenerative repeater Expired - Lifetime US2468556A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR259260X 1945-12-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2468556A true US2468556A (en) 1949-04-26

Family

ID=8884889

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US713406A Expired - Lifetime US2468556A (en) 1945-12-20 1946-12-02 Regenerative repeater

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2468556A (xx)
BE (1) BE470010A (xx)
CH (1) CH259260A (xx)
FR (1) FR999302A (xx)
GB (1) GB643322A (xx)
NL (1) NL65365C (xx)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2981795A (en) * 1955-06-10 1961-04-25 Metallotecnica Soc Device for driving a receiving teletypewriter, with correction of the drivepulse distortion

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2133456A (en) * 1936-02-15 1938-10-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Regenerative telegraph repeater
US2357840A (en) * 1941-02-25 1944-09-12 American Telephone & Telegraph Regenerative telegraph repeater
US2406096A (en) * 1943-10-23 1946-08-20 Morrison Montford Electronic regenerative repeater

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2133456A (en) * 1936-02-15 1938-10-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Regenerative telegraph repeater
US2357840A (en) * 1941-02-25 1944-09-12 American Telephone & Telegraph Regenerative telegraph repeater
US2406096A (en) * 1943-10-23 1946-08-20 Morrison Montford Electronic regenerative repeater

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2981795A (en) * 1955-06-10 1961-04-25 Metallotecnica Soc Device for driving a receiving teletypewriter, with correction of the drivepulse distortion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH259260A (fr) 1949-01-15
GB643322A (en) 1950-09-20
NL65365C (xx)
BE470010A (xx)
FR999302A (xx) 1952-01-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2430547A (en) Start-stop electronic regenerative telegraph signal repeater
US2748269A (en) Regenerative shaping of electric pulses
US2468462A (en) Telegraph transmitter control mechanism
US3783383A (en) Low disparity bipolar pcm system
US2474490A (en) Start-stop regenerative repeater
US2212558A (en) Signaling system
US3376384A (en) Receiver to teletypewriter converter
US2468556A (en) Regenerative repeater
US3355549A (en) Universal repeater
US2133456A (en) Regenerative telegraph repeater
US2622153A (en) Multiplex telegraph system utilizing electronic distributors
US2757237A (en) Synchronizing circuit
US2605410A (en) Pulse-time discriminator
US2762863A (en) Electronic regenerative repeater
US2154608A (en) Regenerative telegraph repeater
US2599345A (en) Regenerative repeater
US2561434A (en) Electronic telegraph repeater
US2509829A (en) Duplex telegraph system
US2038375A (en) Synchronism correction for multiplex
US2802052A (en) Regenerative telegraph repeaters
US3502793A (en) Cryptographic device for a coded bilateral communication link
GB757612A (en) Improvements in or relating to synchronising arrangements in electric telegraph systems
US2518027A (en) Telegraph repeater
US2536193A (en) Time interval measuring device
US2476864A (en) Telegraph repeater