US2455711A - Bidirectional high gain amplifier - Google Patents
Bidirectional high gain amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- US2455711A US2455711A US569503A US56950344A US2455711A US 2455711 A US2455711 A US 2455711A US 569503 A US569503 A US 569503A US 56950344 A US56950344 A US 56950344A US 2455711 A US2455711 A US 2455711A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/50—Amplifiers in which input is applied to, or output is derived from, an impedance common to input and output circuits of the amplifying element, e.g. cathode follower
- H03F3/52—Amplifiers in which input is applied to, or output is derived from, an impedance common to input and output circuits of the amplifying element, e.g. cathode follower with tubes only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/46—Reflex amplifiers
- H03F3/48—Reflex amplifiers with tubes only
Definitions
- the anode of the second triode I3 is at relatively high impedance with respect to ground at the first signal frequency fr, while it is substantially shortcircuited to ground at the second signal frequency f2.
- a source of anode energizing potential is applied across a first bypass capacitor 21 which is connected in series with the ground connection of the third filter network I9 for energizing the anode of the first triode 1.:.
- amplified in the second triode ⁇ f ⁇ I'3 are cathode- *25 coupled to the cathode of the first triodellfwhich operates as a grounded grid amplifier,V and the amplifed'output of which is derived'from the output of the third filter network I9.l
- Ihecommon cathode of the double triode I is i n'groundeclV throughthe serially-connected inductor"I5 and resistor Il.
- the anode of a second triode section l of the double triode I is connectedthrough a second fi bandpass filter 23, having an impedance characteristic, for example, as'shown in graph 25 of the circuit oi Figure 1,
- the anode ⁇ of the second diode sectionl 45, 'of the second double triode 3S, is connected through a similar third f1 bandpass lter 41 to the grid of the first triode section 49 of a third double triode 5I.
- fIhe commonrcathode of the double For simple bandpass networksecompisins, forBO ltriode Slis .grounded through a third seriaiiyexample, two inductivelyyor -capacitiyely coupled parallel tuned circuits,frsuch" asare showninthe signal input circuit of Figure 3, the applied signal frequencies preferably shouldha'v'e 'a frequency,
- the frequency ratio' between the applied signals may have a lower value.
- the series resistor I'I. ⁇ in the common cathode circuit is optional, ⁇ and maybe required'only in instanceswherein one of the applied, Signal frepentodes, and theeffects of variations ofenergizf quencies is, relatively low or, .includes .low frequency or D.-C.r components.
- n utflhefsixth, seventh and eighth f2 bandpassfilters 6'3,-$ 5,v 61 may have similar impedance characteristicsto theflfth f2 bandpass filter 5 l, as described heretofore. ⁇ f
- 'signals'of the frequency f2 applied through the'fth f2 filter 6I are amplified by the two sections'of 'the double triodeV 5
- A'bidirectionalg-amplifier forisignal--currents of vdifferent frequency including first and second amplifying tubes each including a gridl 'circuit and an anode circuit and having a-'common cath; odecircuit whereby said tubes may besoperated asmutual bidirectional cathode followers, means tuned to pass currents of one of said frequencies and substantially to short-circuit currents of a different frequency fory applying said isignal currents of said onefrequency to the grid circuit, of said first tube and fory short-circuiting currents of said different frequencyfbetween-said grid and cathode circuits of said first'tube, means tuned to pass currents of said different frequency andsu-bs
- a bidirectional amplifier for two frequencies including a pair of thermionic tubesleach having at least grid and anode circuits and a common cathode circuit, a first 'input circuit tuned to pass currents of one of said frequencies and substantially to short-circuit currents -of the yother of said frequencies, a second input circuit tuned to pass currents of said other of said' frequencies and substantially to short-circuit currents of said one of said frequencies, means for y applying currents of said one frequency through said first input circuit to the grid-,cathode ⁇ circuitof Vone of said tubes, means for applying currents of said other frequency through-,said second input circuit tothe.
- a bidirectional amplifier for I' two frequencies including a pairs-of thermionic ,tubes each having at least ⁇ grid and anodesfcircuitsand la common cathode circuit whereby-'said tubes-may be operated as mutualbidirectionalcathodefollowers, ⁇ a first input circuit connected across the grid-cathode circuit -of one, of said tubes and tuned topass currents of one of said frequencies and substantially to short-circuit currentsof Athe other of said frequencies, a second vinput circuit connected across the grid-cathode circuit of:A said other ofsaid tubes and tuned to pass currents of said other of said frequencies andy substantially to short-circuit currents ⁇ of said one of: said frequencies, means for applying currents ofv said one yfrequency' through said first input circuit to said grid-cathode circuit of'said onexof said tubes, means for applying-currentsy ofvsaid otherfrequency through said second input circuit to said grid-cathode circuit of vsaid other kof said tubes, a
- a lbidirectionalA amplifier for two frequencies including apair of'thermi-onic tubes each having at least gridfandanode circuits and a common cathode circuit whereby said .tubes may beioperated las mutual bidirectional cathodefollowers, a first' input circuit connected across the :grid-cathode circuit of.
- a second input circuit connected across thel grid-cathode circuit ⁇ of the other of said tubes and tuned to pass currents of said other of said frequencies. ⁇ and substantially to shortcircuity currentsr ofsad one of f said frequencies, means for applying' currents' of said one frequency throughA ysaid first ⁇ input 'circuit to saidgrid-cathode circuit of said one ofsaid tubes, means for lapplying currents of said other frequency through said second input circuit .toysaid grid-cathode circuit of saidother of said tubes, avfirs-toutput circuit tuned simil-arly to said first input circuit and connected across the anode-cathode circuiti of said other of -said Itubessa second output circuit tuned similarly to said .second input circuit and connected across the anode-cathode circuit of said one of said tubes, means
- a cascaded bidirectional amplifier comprising, ⁇ in combination, a'pair of amplifiers as described inclaim ,1 and includingthird and lfourth amplifyingstubes each including ⁇ grid and .anode electrodes and having a'common cathode circuit whereby said third and fourthvtubes maybe operated asmutual .bidirectional cathode followers, means forfapplying amplified currents of said one frequency derivedl from said second .tubeof the first of said pair of amplifiers tothe grid of said third tube, means f-or applying amplified -currents of .Said different frequency derived from said first tube of the other of said pairof amplifiers to the grid of saidI fourth'tube, means'connecting the anode of said third tube tothe input ycircuit of thesecond tube of the first of said pair of amplifiers, and mean-s connecting the ⁇ anode ⁇ ofA said fourth tube to the input circuitof .theflr
- 10.1A cascaded bidirectional amplifier comprising, in combination, a pair'of amplifiers' as devscribed in claim 8 and including third and fourth amplifying tubes each including grid andanode electrodes and having a common' cathode circuit whereby said third and fourth tubes may be oper'- ,ated as* ⁇ mutualbidirectional cathode followers,
- a bidirectional amplifier for signal Vcurrents of diner-ent frequency including first and second amplifying tubes each 4including an input circuit and an output circuit and having a common coupling circuit whereby said tubes may be operated as mutual cathode followers, means for applying signal currents of one frequency -to the input circuit of said first tube, means for applying signal currents of a different frequency to the input circuit of said second tube, means for deriving from said second ⁇ tube amplified currents of lsaid one frequency, and means for deriving from said first tube amplified currents of said different frequency.
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- Amplifiers (AREA)
Description
' Dag-1,1948. Q. c. SZIKLAI 2,455,711
BIDIRECTIONAL HIGH GAIN AMPLIFIER Filed Dec. 25, 1944 Fu ma INVEN'JI. u
it is substantially short-circuited to ground at the first signal frequency f1. Also, the anode of the second triode I3 is at relatively high impedance with respect to ground at the first signal frequency fr, while it is substantially shortcircuited to ground at the second signal frequency f2. Y .s
A source of anode energizing potential is applied across a first bypass capacitor 21 which is connected in series with the ground connection of the third filter network I9 for energizing the anode of the first triode 1.:.Similarlyianodewff `for example, one section of a double triode l.
voltage for the second triode' I3 is applied across a second bypass capacitor; 29jwh'ichfis 'co niecte,div
in series with the groundv connection:l off"the` fourth filter network 23.
In operation, signals of. theiirstfapplied,ifre.v
amplified in the second triode`f`I'3, are cathode- *25 coupled to the cathode of the first triodellfwhich operates as a grounded grid amplifier,V and the amplifed'output of which is derived'from the output of the third filter network I9.l
to ground for the other of these frequencies. In effect, the output lter networks from each of the triode sections also are employed as input filter networks for the next succeeding tube section.
19 frequency f1 are applied to the grid electrode of the first triode section i, which may comprise,
."Ihecommon cathode of the double triode I is i n'groundeclV throughthe serially-connected inductor"I5 and resistor Il. The anode of a second triode section l of the double triode I is connectedthrough a second fi bandpass filter 23, having an impedance characteristic, for example, as'shown in graph 25 of the circuit oi Figure 1,
20 tol the grid of the first triode section 3l of a second'doublel triode 39. The commonrcathode of f the second double'vtriode 39 is grounded through a', second inductor `III and a serially-connected secodresis'tor (I3. l
The anode `of the second diode sectionl 45, 'of the second double triode 3S, is connected through a similar third f1 bandpass lter 41 to the grid of the first triode section 49 of a third double triode 5I. fIhe commonrcathode of the double For simple bandpass networksecompisins, forBO ltriode Slis .grounded through a third seriaiiyexample, two inductivelyyor -capacitiyely coupled parallel tuned circuits,frsuch" asare showninthe signal input circuit of Figure 3, the applied signal frequencies preferably shouldha'v'e 'a frequency,
ratio of at least 3 to 1 to provideithe required 35., the firstl applied frequency f1.
selectivity and proper loperation of the circuit. For more complex and morehighly selective filter networks, the frequency ratio' between the applied signals may have a lower value.` s 1 w,
Y Since the first amplier tubeifcr` each of the applied signals is a cathodeV follower, andfsince the second amplifier tube in eachinstanceisa grounded grid amplifier, great stability [of operaconnected inductor 53 and resistor 55,. The anode ofthe second triode section `5'Iwof the third double triode 5I is 'connected through a similargfourth `f1 bandpass filter 59 to the 'output terminals for Similarly, the second input frequencyjz' is applied through a fifth f2 bandpass ffilter 6I, having `a vcharacteristic as illustrated in graphll @of the circuit of Figure 1, to the grid electrode `of thesecond ,triode section. 510i the third double triodey5l. ',The anode of the first triode vsection .4,9 ofthe thirddouble triode 5I is connected through a. sixthfz bandpassiilter 63 to thegrid tion is obtainable with relatively highamplifierggsof vthe second triode sectionr of the second gain, since the anode currents of theltwof-,triodes vary in opposite sense while the input and'output signals at each frequency are of the same polarity, and substantially no regeneration isfenc'ountered. Also, at each of the appliedsignal fre-w is substantially lsuperior tof 'circuits,ernployirigvoo ing potentials are minimized. 4
The series resistor I'I.` in the common cathode circuit is optional, `and maybe required'only in instanceswherein one of the applied, Signal frepentodes, and theeffects of variations ofenergizf quencies is, relatively low or, .includes .low frequency or D.-C.r components.
In the circuit of Figure 2, the principles of `the to provide a `cascaded'high gain bidirectional amplifier' for two frequency'bands f1 and fz. All of the .bandpass filters employed inthe circuit are tuned to -pass either offthe appliedl frequencies f1 or f2,-and to provide eiectivefshort-circuits double triode 39. A l
.kfIfhe anode of thefirst triode section'l ofthe Vsecond double triode 39 is connected through a seventh ,fz bandpassfiilternetwork `to ,they grid of` the second triode section of the first, double triode 1I. The anodeofthe first triode section 'I of the first double triode "I is connectedthrough ,aneighth ,f2 bandpass filter 61 -to` the .output terminals for the second applied Vfrequency-f2.
n utflhefsixth, seventh and eighth f2 bandpassfilters 6'3,-$ 5,v 61 may have similar impedance characteristicsto theflfth f2 bandpass filter 5 l, as described heretofore.` f
l Thus, in operationpsignalsofthe frequency `fi applied to the input y terminalsl of the firstl fi bandpass filter network 3 arelsuccessively amplified in the twofsectionsvoflv the first double triode 'I/ lv The,v amplified signals arel then applied throughv the second f1 filter network 23 and again 55- amplified through the Isections of the second double triode' 39. v The signals then are passed through the third f1 filter network 41, amplified further in the third double triode 5| and applied through the fourth 'f1 filter 59, to the output bidirectional amplierlof Figure-1 `are employed70 terminals for the first frequency f1.
Similarly, 'signals'of the frequency f2 applied through the'fth f2 filter 6I are amplified by the two sections'of 'the double triodeV 5|, passed through the sixthfi` filter network 53, amplified by theftwoisections of *the second double triode 5.' A'bidirectionalg-amplifier forisignal--currents of vdifferent frequency including first and second amplifying tubes each including a gridl 'circuit and an anode circuit and having a-'common cath; odecircuit whereby said tubes may besoperated asmutual bidirectional cathode followers, means tuned to pass currents of one of said frequencies and substantially to short-circuit currents of a different frequency fory applying said isignal currents of said onefrequency to the grid circuit, of said first tube and fory short-circuiting currents of said different frequencyfbetween-said grid and cathode circuits of said first'tube, means tuned to pass currents of said different frequency andsu-bstantially -to short-,circuit currents of said .Onefrequency for applying said signal currents of said different frequency torthe gridcircuit ofsaid second tube and for short-circuitingcurrents' of saidone frequency between grid and cathodecircuits' of said second tube, selectivemeans forderiving from said second tube amplified currents of substantially only said one frequency, and additional selective means for deriving from` said first tube amplified currents of substantially only said different frequency. j l i l6. A bidirectional amplifier for two frequencies including a pair of thermionic tubesleach having at least grid and anode circuits and a common cathode circuit, a first 'input circuit tuned to pass currents of one of said frequencies and substantially to short-circuit currents -of the yother of said frequencies, a second input circuit tuned to pass currents of said other of said' frequencies and substantially to short-circuit currents of said one of said frequencies, means for y applying currents of said one frequency through said first input circuit to the grid-,cathode `circuitof Vone of said tubes, means for applying currents of said other frequency through-,said second input circuit tothe. grid-cathode circuitof the other of said tubes, a first output circuit tuned similarly to said firstinput' circuitandconnected to the anode circuit of said other o'f said tubesya second output circuit tuned similarly to .said second input circuit andV connected tol-the anode circuit of said one of said tubes, means :forgderiving amplified currents of substantially only said first frequency from said first output circuit, and means simultaneously for ,-derivingamplified currents of substantially only said second frequency from said second output circuit.
7. A bidirectional amplifier for I' two frequencies including a pairs-of thermionic ,tubes each having at least` grid and anodesfcircuitsand la common cathode circuit whereby-'said tubes-may be operated as mutualbidirectionalcathodefollowers,` a first input circuit connected across the grid-cathode circuit -of one, of said tubes and tuned topass currents of one of said frequencies and substantially to short-circuit currentsof Athe other of said frequencies, a second vinput circuit connected across the grid-cathode circuit of:A said other ofsaid tubes and tuned to pass currents of said other of said frequencies andy substantially to short-circuit currents` of said one of: said frequencies, means for applying currents ofv said one yfrequency' through said first input circuit to said grid-cathode circuit of'said onexof said tubes, means for applying-currentsy ofvsaid otherfrequency through said second input circuit to said grid-cathode circuit of vsaid other kof said tubes, a first output circuit tuned similalrly tosaid first inputfcircuit and connected to theanode circuit of said other of said tubes, .asecond output circuit tuned similarly to said second input-circuit and connected to the anode circuit ofisaid--one of said tubes, means for deriving amplified'cur-V rents of said first frequency from said first output circuit, and means simultaneously for deriving amplified currents of said second frequency from said second output circuit. i
' 8. A lbidirectionalA amplifier for two frequencies including apair of'thermi-onic tubes each having at least gridfandanode circuits and a common cathode circuit whereby said .tubes may beioperated las mutual bidirectional cathodefollowers, a first' input circuit connected across the :grid-cathode circuit of. one of said tubes and tuned to pass currents ofone ofv said frequencies andsubstantially to short-circuitcurrentsofithe other of said frequencies, a second input circuit connected across thel grid-cathode circuit `of the other of said tubes and tuned to pass currents of said other of said frequencies.` and substantially to shortcircuity currentsr ofsad one of f said frequencies, means for applying' currents' of said one frequency throughA ysaid first` input 'circuit to saidgrid-cathode circuit of said one ofsaid tubes, means for lapplying currents of said other frequency through said second input circuit .toysaid grid-cathode circuit of saidother of said tubes, avfirs-toutput circuit tuned simil-arly to said first input circuit and connected across the anode-cathode circuiti of said other of -said Itubessa second output circuit tuned similarly to said .second input circuit and connected across the anode-cathode circuit of said one of said tubes, means for deriving amplified currents of substantially only said first frequency from saidy first `'output circuit, and means lsimultaneously for deriving amplified currents of substantially'only said second frequency from said second output circuit. l w L y a vv*9. A cascaded bidirectional amplifier comprising,` in combination, a'pair of amplifiers as described inclaim ,1 and includingthird and lfourth amplifyingstubes each including `grid and .anode electrodes and having a'common cathode circuit whereby said third and fourthvtubes maybe operated asmutual .bidirectional cathode followers, means forfapplying amplified currents of said one frequency derivedl from said second .tubeof the first of said pair of amplifiers tothe grid of said third tube, means f-or applying amplified -currents of .Said different frequency derived from said first tube of the other of said pairof amplifiers to the grid of saidI fourth'tube, means'connecting the anode of said third tube tothe input ycircuit of thesecond tube of the first of said pair of amplifiers, and mean-s connecting the` anode `ofA said fourth tube to the input circuitof .theflrsttube of the other` of said pair OfamplifierS. i 4,
, 10.1A cascaded bidirectional amplifier comprising, in combination, a pair'of amplifiers' as devscribed in claim 8 and including third and fourth amplifying tubes each including grid andanode electrodes and having a common' cathode circuit whereby said third and fourth tubes may be oper'- ,ated as*` mutualbidirectional cathode followers,
means for applying amplified currents'of said one frequency derived from `said second tube of the first ofysaid pair of amplifiers to the grid of said third tube,vmeans for applying :amplified currents `of said different frequency derived fromsaid first tube' of the other of said pair ofamplifiers to the grid of said fourth tube, means connecting-the anode of said third tubeto the input circuit of the second tube of th-efirst of said pair of amplifiers, and means connecting the anode of said fourth tube to the input `circuit ofthe first tube 0f the other of vsaidpair of amplifiers.,l f .as
1l. A reflex amplifier for modulated signals in cluding rst andsecond amplifying tube means Ieacl'i including grid and anode circuits and having a common cathode circuit whereby said amplifying tube means may be operated as mutual bidirectional cathode followers, band pass `iilter means for applying said modulated signal to said amplifying tube means, a signal detector responsive to signals from said amplifying tube means, means for deriving the modulation component of said detected signals, means for applyingsaid modulation signal component to said amplifying tube means in the opposite direction to said modulated signal, and means for utilizing amplied modulation signals derived in said opposite .direction from said amplifying tube means.
12. A bidirectional amplifier for signal Vcurrents of diner-ent frequency including first and second amplifying tubes each 4including an input circuit and an output circuit and having a common coupling circuit whereby said tubes may be operated as mutual cathode followers, means for applying signal currents of one frequency -to the input circuit of said first tube, means for applying signal currents of a different frequency to the input circuit of said second tube, means for deriving from said second` tube amplified currents of lsaid one frequency, and means for deriving from said first tube amplified currents of said different frequency.
GEORGE C. SZIKLAI.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,020,813 Van Slooten Nov. 12, 1935 2,185,367 Blumlein Jan, 2, 1940 2,327,248 Clase Aug. 17, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 111,805 Australia Oct. 24, 1940
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US569503A US2455711A (en) | 1944-12-23 | 1944-12-23 | Bidirectional high gain amplifier |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US569503A US2455711A (en) | 1944-12-23 | 1944-12-23 | Bidirectional high gain amplifier |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2455711A true US2455711A (en) | 1948-12-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US569503A Expired - Lifetime US2455711A (en) | 1944-12-23 | 1944-12-23 | Bidirectional high gain amplifier |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US2455711A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2560121A (en) * | 1945-09-06 | 1951-07-10 | Motorola Inc | Radio receiver for multiple signals |
| US2684999A (en) * | 1949-04-28 | 1954-07-27 | Rca Corp | Stabilized direct current amplifier |
| US2685000A (en) * | 1949-04-29 | 1954-07-27 | Rca Corp | Stabilized direct current amplifier |
| US2778932A (en) * | 1951-06-15 | 1957-01-22 | Admiral Corp | Reflex amplifier circuits |
| US2974188A (en) * | 1956-12-19 | 1961-03-07 | Citizens Bank Of Maryland | Bilateral video transmission system |
| US2979612A (en) * | 1958-07-07 | 1961-04-11 | Nova Tech Inc | Electronic amplifier circuits |
| US4317216A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1982-02-23 | Tx Rx Systems, Inc. | Bi-directional filter system for amplifying signals in separate frequency bands |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2020813A (en) * | 1932-07-16 | 1935-11-12 | Rca Corp | Centralized radio system |
| US2185367A (en) * | 1936-07-04 | 1940-01-02 | Emi Ltd | Thermionic valve amplifying circuit |
| US2327248A (en) * | 1942-05-08 | 1943-08-17 | Hazeltine Corp | Wave-signal translating channel |
-
1944
- 1944-12-23 US US569503A patent/US2455711A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2020813A (en) * | 1932-07-16 | 1935-11-12 | Rca Corp | Centralized radio system |
| US2185367A (en) * | 1936-07-04 | 1940-01-02 | Emi Ltd | Thermionic valve amplifying circuit |
| US2327248A (en) * | 1942-05-08 | 1943-08-17 | Hazeltine Corp | Wave-signal translating channel |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2560121A (en) * | 1945-09-06 | 1951-07-10 | Motorola Inc | Radio receiver for multiple signals |
| US2684999A (en) * | 1949-04-28 | 1954-07-27 | Rca Corp | Stabilized direct current amplifier |
| US2685000A (en) * | 1949-04-29 | 1954-07-27 | Rca Corp | Stabilized direct current amplifier |
| US2778932A (en) * | 1951-06-15 | 1957-01-22 | Admiral Corp | Reflex amplifier circuits |
| US2974188A (en) * | 1956-12-19 | 1961-03-07 | Citizens Bank Of Maryland | Bilateral video transmission system |
| US2979612A (en) * | 1958-07-07 | 1961-04-11 | Nova Tech Inc | Electronic amplifier circuits |
| US4317216A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1982-02-23 | Tx Rx Systems, Inc. | Bi-directional filter system for amplifying signals in separate frequency bands |
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