US2455084A - Deep well pump - Google Patents

Description

Nav. 30, 194g. c. A. NEELY 45,04

DEEP WELL PUMP Filed Dec. 4. 1944 2 She'e's-Sheet l ATINEV 30, 1948. c. A. NEELY DEEP WELL PUMP Filed Dec. 4, 1944 2 sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR.

@mf/es eez/ Patented Nov. 30, 1948 Nirso STATES P GFI-ICE DEEP WELL rUMr Application December 4, 1944, Serial No. 566,513

2 Claims. l

This invention relates to a deep well pump and an object of the invention is to provide a pump that will operate with high efficiency in wells of great depth, such, for instance, as in oil wells.

In the operation of pumps of the reciprocating piston type at great depths, such as in oil wells 1 thousands of feet deep, it is desirable to provide.

for a relatively long piston stroke. In such wells the piston is positioned near the bottom of the well and the pump rod for operating the piston, commonly called the "sucker rod, extends to the top of the well. In such installations there is liable to be much lost motion between the piston and the means by which reciprocation is imparted to the sucker rod. This lost motion is due partly to the stretch or elasticity of the sucker rod under the load and partly to a slight knuckling or dis-aligning action ofl said sucker rod on the down stroke, especially if the piston oiiers substantial resistance to downward movement.

An object of this invention is to provide novel and eiiicient link belt means for imparting an unusually long stroke to the upper end portion of the sucker rod so that a long piston stroke will be insured irrespective of lost motion in the rod.

Another object ls vto provide a deep well pump piston having eilicient sealing means that will prevent leakage between the cylinder wall and the piston on the up stroke of the piston and that will be substantially free from friction and will oiier substantially no resistance on the down stroke of the piston, thereby minimizing the tendency for the pump rod to knuckle on the down stroke of the piston and further making it possible to use a cable in place of usual sucker rod to reciprocate the piston. The sections of the sucker rod ordinarily are connected together by the usual pipe couplings. ln the event the sucker rod is crooked or tends to buckle under down pressure or in theevent the pump tubing is crooked or is inclined instead of being vertical then the couplings on the pump rods will wear against the tubing and breakage of these couplings may occur. My invention overcomes this diilculty.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic view partly in section and partly in elevation-showing my deep well pump installed in a well.

Fig. 2 is a plan view on broken line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view, on a larger scale than the preceding figures, showing the lower end portion of this pump including parts of the pump cylinder, piston and valves.

Fig. 4 is a detached fragmentary view in elevation looking in the direction of broken line 4 4 of Fig. 1 and showing link belt means which posed within the casing i0.

I employ to secure a long stroke in a reciprocating type deep well pump.

Fig. 5 is a detached fragmentary sectional view showing an adjustable mounting means for a lower sprocket wheel.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on broken line 6 8 of Fig. 1 and on a larger scale than Fig. 1 and showing mounting and driving means for an upper sprocket wheel.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view showing means for attaching a connecting rod to two link belts.

Fig. 8 is a somewhat diagrammatic view partly in section and partly in elevation showing a form of my invention which uses a longcable instead of pump rods to operate the pump piston.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary detail of parts shown in Fig. 8.

Like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the several views.

In the drawings I0 designates fragments of the casing of an oil well. Oil wells are often several thousand feet deep and usually their casings will be of larger diameter at the top than at the bottom, as shown. A sectional pump tubing is dis- A relatively long pump cylinder I2 of slightly smaller diameter than tubing Il is provided at the lowermost end of the pump tubing II. Pump cylinder i2 is accurately machined on the inside to cylindrical shape and has a reclprocable piston, designated generally by the numeral I3, disposed therein.

The lower end portion of the pump cylinder I2 has a closure member, preferably in the nature of a plug I4 threaded thereinto. The closure member I4 is provided with a plurality of check valves I5, two of which are shown in Fig. 3. The check valves IB admit liquid freely into the pump cylinder I2 but prevent the discharge of liquid therefrom. Any suitable means, such as bars 9, l

may be provided to prevent permanent displacement of the valves I5 from their seats. The piston I3 comprises a piston head I8 having check valves I1 provided therein to permit an upward but prevent a downward flow of liquid therethrough. Cage means 8 prevents permanent displacement of the valves I'I. Theplston head IB is secured to a pump rod I8 made up of a plurality of sections. Preferably the lower end portion I9 ofthe pump rod I8 is threaded into the piston head i8.

The means for providing a liquid seal between the circumferential wall of the piston head I 6 and the inner wall of the pump cylinder I2 comprises a cup shaped annular sealing member or washer having a fiat portion 20 and a cylindrical portion 2i. The flat portion 20 is secured to a yoke or spider 22 that is shaped somewhat like a spoked wheel. The hub portion 23 of the yoke 22 is slidably and fioatingly mounted on a secdesde tion 24 of the pump rod I3 so that a limited amount of vertical movement is provided for the nesting yoke 22 and sealing ring 20-2I carried thereby.

The cylindrical sealing member 2I is of slightly tapered cross section, being thicker at the base than at the tip. Said member 2l is somewhat resilient and is positioned to extend between the periphery of the piston head I3 and the inner wall of the pump cylinder I2. On the upward stroke of the piston this sealing ring member 2l will nt snugly between the piston head II and the wall of the pump cylinder I2 and prevent leakage of liquid therebetween thus insuring the discharge of a maximum amount of liquid at each piston stroke. The instant the piston begins to move downwardly in the pump cylinder I2 the sealing ring member 2li-2i will lag, to the extent permitted by floating movement of the yoke member 22 on the piston rod section 24 and substantially all friction between the piston I3 and the pump cylinder i2 will be relieved. This allows the piston I3 to be moved downwardly without resistance and thus minimizes knuckling and dis-alignment of the pump rods. As compared to the commonly used pump leather of cup shape and to piston rings this sealing means offers much less friction on the down stroke of the piston.

The tubular members II are enough larger than the pump cylinder I2 in diameter to allow easy insertion and withdrawal of the piston through the tubular members II. Preferably the top end portion of the pump cylinder I2 is internally tapered or made of bell shape at I2 to obviate any danger of the sealing ring member 2l catching on the top end of the pump cylinder I2 when the piston I3 is lowered thereinto.

The upper end portion of the pump tubing II has an outlet conduit 25 connected therewith and said pump tubing is provided with a cap member 26. The pump rods I3 extend upwardly through a gland 21 in the cap member 23 and are connected by a pivot 28 with a connecting rod 2s. The upper end portion of the connecting rod 29 is pivotally connected by cross bolt means 30 with two endless parallel link belts 3l and 32. Preferably a bushing 33 is provided on the-bolt 30, Y

as shown in Fig. '1. i

The link belts 3i and 32 are operatively disposed on lower sprocket wheels 34 and upper sprocket wheels 35.

The supporting means for the lower and upper sprocket wheels 34 and 35 comprises two upright parallel channel bars 36 disposed in spaced apart relation with their channel shaped sides toward each other, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Inclined leg members 31 are secured to the lower end portions of the channel bars 38% and rest on suitable supporting-means 33 positioned on the ground. The upper end portions of the channel bars 33 are secured to an overhead cap member 40. Preferably four leg members 4I support the cap member 40 and rest on the supporting means 33. Preferably the cap member 4|! has a notch 42 extending from one side inwardly, see Fig. 2, to facilitate handling of rods, such as the pump rods I3, which must be lowered into and hoisted out of the well.

The lower sprocket wheels 34, see Fig. 5, are rotatively mounted on bearing studs 43 that are rigidly secured to blocks 44. The blocks 44 fit -within the channel bars 36 and are adjustably secured, as by cap screws 45 that may be inserted in any selected holes 46. To vary the length of stroke of the pump piston I3 the blocks 44 are adjusted up or down in the channel bars 36 and the number 4 of links in the link belts II and 32 varied accordingly. Any desired amount of adjustment may be provided in this way, depending on the number and spacing of the holes 43.

The upper sprocket wheels 33 are each secured to n shaft 41. Each shaft 41 is journaled in bearings 43, Fig. 1, 2, and 6. The shafts 41 are driven by endless link belts 43- which pass around sprocket wheels 50 on the shafts 41 and other sprocket wheels 5I on a driven shaft 52. The shaft 62 is preferably driven by a motor 53 acting through speed reduction gear means in a housing 54 and through link belt means 55.

The pump r'o'ds I3 are tubular and to make it possible to discharge Jets of light oil from the lower end portion of these pump rods to loosen up sand and the like that may collect in the lower end portion of the pump cylinder I2 I preferably plug the bottom end portion of these rods and provide jet openings from which jets of light oil under pressure may be discharged. These jet openings are shown in Fig. 3 and numbered 53.

In the' structure shown in Fig. 8 the well casing I0, pump tubing II, pump cylinder I2, piston I3 and several other parts are similar to those previously described and are correspondingly numbered. In the structure shown in Figs. 8 and 9 shown in Fig. 3 but may be made heavier in weight to assist downward movement by gravity if desired. The sealing ring 2| on this type of piston releases the instant the piston is free to move downwardly thus making it both possible and practical to use a cable for operating said piston.

Preferably ball and socket joint means 6I are used, Fig. 9, for connecting the upper end of cable 30 to reciprocating means, as 32. Also preferably a derrick 32 is left over the well when a cable operated pump is to be used for convenience in pulling and lowering the cable 60. Derrick 62 carries a head block 33 and a bull wheel or winding` drum 34. A short cable 3E is secured to the bull wheel 64 and passes over head block 63 and thence downwardly. Socket means 66 on the lower end portion of cable 36 is provided for cou pling to the ball means on the upper end portion of the pump cable 63. Preferably wiper means for cable B0 is provided at the top end of pump tubing II, see Fig. 9.

Also preferably the bull wheel 66 is driven from the same motor 53 that operates the pump and thus the need for an extra motor for pulling and -lowering the pump cable 30 is eliminated. I have shown the bull wheel 64 connected with the motor 53 by a link belt connecting means 68, shown diagrammatically by dotted lines in Fig. B.

The use of the cable B0 in operating the pump saves a great deal of time and labor in the event the piston I3 has to be raised out of the well and again lowered thereinto. Where the pump rods are used they must be uncoupled or coupled. one at a time, as the piston is raised or lowered and this takes a great deal Aof time. When the cable 30 is to be pulled out of the well said cable can be securely clamped at the top of the tubing I2, then unfastened from the link belt reciprocating means and connected with the short cable 9B. Said cable 60 may then be unclamped and quickly and easily pulled out of the well and wound on the bull wheel 64. The operation of raising the cable out of the well may thus be continuous. Said cable can be as quickly and easily lowered into the well by winding it oil of the bull wheel 64.

The operation of the pump shown in Figs. 8 and 9 is similar to the operation of the pump shown in Figs. l to 7 inclusive and hereinafter described except that in the structure of Fig. 8 the piston I3 must move down by gravity, as no thrust can be exerted on the cable 60. The use of my easily releasable sealing means 2| on piston I3 makes it practical to m-ove this piston down by gravity.

In the operation of this deep well pump the motor 53 will act through transmission 54, link belt means 55, shaft 52, link belt means 49 and shafts 41 to drive the two upright link belts 3| and 32 at the same rate of speed. The connecting rod 29, being pivotally connected with both of the link .belts 3| and 32 will be reciprocated or moved up and down by movement of said link A belts. By this construction the lift will be balanced and equally divided between the two link belts and a very long stroke may be imparted to the piston I 3 to pump liquid out ofthe well.

In instances where the pump rods I8 are several thousand feet long there may be considerable lost motion in the pump rods due to the take up of dis-aligned rods and due to stretching of the rods. Obviously lost motion in the rods I8 lessens, by the amount of such lost motion, the distance of travel of the piston I8 at each stroke and this lessens the amount of liquid discharged at each up stroke.

My piston seal means 2li- 2| reduces to a minimum friction between the piston and the pump cylinder on the down stroke of the piston. This minimizes the tendency of the pump rods I8 to dis-align themselves and to lean over against the sides of the tubing i I, as sistance to downward movement by the piston will tend to compress the rods I8 and cause them to knuckle.

The use of the adjustable link belt means for reciprocating the piston provides for imparting any desiredl'engths of stroke to the piston I8 irrespective of lost motion in the rods as the link 4 belts'fi and 82 may be made long enough to take up -the lost motion and still give the required piston stroke.

Obviously changes in the construction of my deep well pump may be made within the scope and spirit oi the following claims.

it will be obvious that l'emy f I claim:

1. In a deep well pump, a pump cylinder; a piston in said pump cylinder comprising a piston head loosely fitting said pump cylinder so as to leave an annular space between the piston head and the cylinder walls; piston rod means connected with said piston head; a yoke iloatingly mounted above said piston head and having a limited vertical movement toward and away from said piston head; and. a cylindrical sealing ring carried by said yoke movable into a sealing position in the space between said piston head and said cylinder walls on the up stroke of the piston head and movable into a released position relative to the cylinder walls on the down stroke of the piston head to relieve friction.

' 2. A deep well pump comprising a tubular conduit extending downwardly into a well; a pump cylinder connected with the lower end portion ofsaid conduit; a piston head in said pump cylinder loosely fitting said cylinder to leave an annular space between the outer wall of said piston and the inner wall of said pump/cylinder; piston operating means connected with said piston head and extending upwardly in said conduit to a point above the upper end of said conduit; a yoke iloatton.

C A. NEELY.

,REFERENCES CITED The following references are oi' record in the ille of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number N Date g 803,152 Cole Oct. 31, 1905 828,624 McIntire Aug. 14,-1908 1,021,298 Ault Mar. 26, 1912 1,447,931 Dickens Mar. 6, 1923 1,014,865v Boden Jan. 18, 1927 1,879,870 Fraser Sept. `37, 1932 2,007,851

Enders July 4Il. 1995`

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