US2454797A - Radio-electric receiver, particularly for watch on broad frequency bands - Google Patents

Radio-electric receiver, particularly for watch on broad frequency bands Download PDF

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US2454797A
US2454797A US488294A US48829443A US2454797A US 2454797 A US2454797 A US 2454797A US 488294 A US488294 A US 488294A US 48829443 A US48829443 A US 48829443A US 2454797 A US2454797 A US 2454797A
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receiver
cathode ray
circuit
ray tube
screen
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US488294A
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Hardy Rene
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International Standard Electric Corp
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International Standard Electric Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03J—TUNING RESONANT CIRCUITS; SELECTING RESONANT CIRCUITS
    • H03J7/00—Automatic frequency control; Automatic scanning over a band of frequencies
    • H03J7/18—Automatic scanning over a band of frequencies
    • H03J7/32—Automatic scanning over a band of frequencies with simultaneous display of received frequencies, e.g. panoramic receivers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G01S7/4004—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system
    • G01S7/4008—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system of transmitters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to radloelectri'c receiving systems, and a particular object thereof is to provide a radio direction finding system which simultaneously provides supervision of the'transmissions in progress in a certain range of irequenoies.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a radio directionflnding receiver system in which there is a considerable reduction over known systems in the time devoted to the search for stations, which are desired to be detected by radio.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a radio direction finding receiver system which insures continuous supervision of the transmissions taking place in a definite frequency range and which permits individualmonitoring of each of the transmissions in progress without interrupting the supervision of the transmissions and without interfering with the direction'finding operations.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide improved indicators for radio direction finding receiver systems of this kind that permit the obtaining of various combinations of the indications required in these systems without superfluous indications or ambiguity.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a radio direction finding receiver system insuring supervision of the transmissions in progress in a definite range of frequencies and permitting individual monitoring of transmissions in progress which will make possible the transportation and remote repetition of the indications obtained 0211137.
  • a radio direction finding receiver system comprises a receiver that is provided with means for modifying its tuning continuously or automatically in a predetermined range of frequencies, and indicating instruments such as a cathode ray oscilograph connected to the said receiver by means of circuits causing the appearance on its screen of simultaneous traces of all the radio transmissions in progress within the supervised range, a
  • means are provided, in a radio direction finding receiver of this kind having continuous supervision of the transmission, for avoiding the appearance of a double series of indications that would result from the fact that the elements that modify the tuning of the receiver produce two successive scannings of the reciever that are asymmetrical in frequency for one single complete scanning of the indicating instrument.
  • means are provided in a radio direction finding receiver of this kind for producing the appearance of the indications of direction on the screen of the indicating instrument that is used for the supervision of the transmissions in progress.
  • means are provided in a transmission supervising radio direction finding receiver of this kind for changing, as desired, from an automatic supervision of the transmission to a manual search and to the monitoring of the various transmissions, and, in this case, for employing as regulating frequency indicator the same indicating instrument as for the supervision of the transmissions in progress.
  • an additional monitoring receiver is employed and means are provided for using the same indicating instrument for obtaining simultaneously the indications of the frequencies of the supervised transmissions and of the monitored transmissions and the indications of the directions of the transmissions located by radio.
  • the radio direction finding circuit may or may not be changed over from the control receiver to the monitoring receiver.
  • a radio direction finding receiver system which incorporates features of the invention comprises a directional wave colleetorassembly which feeds a receiver that has its tuning modified continuously, e. g. by rotation of the variable tuning condenser, and the output of the receiver is apmodification of the characteristics of the aerial collectors, e. g. by rotation of these serials or by rotation of a finder associated with stationary directional aerlals.
  • the directional system passes over a position of zero reception of a transmission, the luminous trace that corresponds to this transmission disappears on the screen of the oscillograph. The direction of this transmission is then read on a dial associated with the collector assembly.
  • the input of the receiver being switched, e. g. by means of a key, to the directional serials when it is desired to take a bearing.
  • the use of a single indicating instrument for the simultaneous supervision of transmissions in progress and for successively locating these trans. missions is made possible by adding to the radio direction finding circuit a scanning system simi: lar to the one used for causing the appearance of the control indications.
  • These two scanning circuits are synchronized with each other and are switched to a cadence that is sumciently rapid to insure the persistence of the two series of luminous indications on the screen of the cathode ray oscillograph.
  • one feature of the invention provides for the use of a device for the manual control of the receivers tuning condenser in association with a coupling system that enables this manual control to be hooked in at the same time as the disconnecting of the continuous drive motor or the opening of the excitation circuit of this motor.
  • This manual control device may be provided with a special indicating dial but, according to one feature of the invention, it is preferably disposed so as to control the scanning of the indieating cathode ray tube in such a. way as to cause the appearance of a luminous trace corresponding to its angular position, thus acting as a luminous index of the frequency adjustment of the receiver. This index may be switched with the indication of direction in the manner described above.
  • the same positions will be found twice in the explored range of frequeneies'for one complete song of the indicating instrument. It is not possible to use a double speed scanning of the indicating instrument because the identical positions in the frequency range are not reproduced at symmetrical locations in time with respectto the moment when the scanning of the indicator begins. Two different series of indications will thus be produced on the screen of this indicator. It is consequently suitable to suppress one of these series of indications in order to avoid any risk of error. In the particular case in which the scanning of the indicator is arranged to be circular, it is sumcient to mask one half of the screen. As a rule however, the invention provides for the use of means for extinguishing the luminous image which appears on the screen of the cathode ray oscillograph during the half of the scanning that corresponds to the superfluous seriesof indications.
  • these meanseonsist of electrostatic commutators having two elements or structures coupled capacitively and rotating with respect to each other, the shapes given to these elements or structures being such that the capacitive coupling varies during their rotation'from a value which permits the transmission of an alternating voltage from one element or structure to the other to a value which prevents any transmission of alternating voltage.
  • the rotation or the relative displacement of the two elements or structures is synchronized to the scanning of the indicating instrument in such; way that the transmitted voltage may serve for blocking the cathode beam during desired periods of the seaming.
  • an auxiliary receiver is added to the control receiver in the above systems.
  • This receiver may have a non-directional aerial, for example, and may be arranged so as to cover the same band width as the control and radio direction finding receiver. In this case, in order to make it easier to adjust the said monitoring receiver to the frequency of a detected transmission and consequently to increase the rapidity of this adjust.
  • another feature of the invention provides means for causing the appearance of a luminous index superposed on the luminous traces that reveal the presence of transmissions in progress, this luminous index indicating'the adjustment position of the tuning elements of the monitoring receiver.
  • These means consist of a scanning circuit whose action is commutated with that of the similar scanning circuit controlled by the control receiver.
  • the cadence of the commutation of the two scanning circuits is sufiiciently rapid to insure the persistence of the supervision and adjustment indications of the monitoring receiver on the screen of the cathode ray oscillograph.
  • it will then sumce, by adjustment of the manual tuning element of the monitoring receiver, to bring the luminous index indicating its position on to the luminous trace of the wanted transmission.
  • the cadence of commutation of the two scannings may suitably be that which is furnished by the periodical blocking of the control reeeivers scanning circuit in order to avoid the appearance of two aeriesof indications on the screen of the cathode ray tube.
  • the electrostatic commutator or other means used for this purpose is then mod- 5 ideal in order to set in operation the monitoring receiver's scanning circuit during the periods when the control scanning circuit is blocked instead of simply omitting all scanning of the oscillograph during these periods.
  • the radio direction bearings may be obtained as mentioned above by modifying the directional pattern of the control receiver's aerials in order successively to eilace the luminous traces that correspond to the transmissions in progress, and by reading the directions thus obtained on a separate dial.
  • non-directional aerials may be provided for the two receivers, and one of these aerials may be switched to aradio direction-finding commutator system that is set in operation at the moments when bearings are to be taken.
  • the invention likewise provides for also producing the appearance of the direction indications on the same cathode ray tube screen as the indications of the frequencies of the supervised and monitored transmissions.
  • Use may be made for this purpose of a third scanning circuit oi the same speed as the two others and controlled by the angular position of the radio direction -finding ages proceeding from the control receiver circuit,
  • the monitoring receiver circuit and the radio direction finding circuit that is associated with one of these receivers. Three different simultaneous indications then appear on the screen oi the indicator.
  • the difierent indication currents are used to modulate a current or a carrier wave, and this current or this modulated wave is then remote transmitted to one or more indicators similar to the locally employed indicator in order to effect remote transportation and repetition of the ob tained angular indication.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates schematically one example of an embodiment of a radio direction finding receiver that effects simultaneous supervision of transmissions in progress
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically one example of a as means for suppressing on the said screen the traces that would be obtained during the superfluous portion of the frequency scannin Figs. 4A and 43 respectively. show how the indicating tube screen looks when the operation is manual and when it is automatic;
  • Fig. 5 illustrates schematically another embodiment or a radio direction finder with supervision of transmissions in progress which comprises means for causing the appearance of the various desired indications on a single screen of an indicating instrument;
  • Fig. 6 illustrates schematically one example of an electrostatic commutator that can be used for periodically supplying a blocking voltage to a cathode ray indicator
  • FIGs. 7, 8 and 9 illustrate schematically, as examples, various applications of an electrostatic commutator of this kind
  • Figs. 10 and 11 are schematic views of two E nqodiflcations of the electrostatic commutator of Fig. 12 illustrates schematically one embodiment of a radio direction finding receiver that efiects simultaneous supervision of transmissions in progress and the monitoring of one particular a for the various desired indications;
  • resistance-coupled distributor that can be used in the circuit of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view of one example of a radio direction finding receiver effecting simultaneous supervision of transmissions in progress that is provided with means for causing the appearance on the indicating cathode ray tube screen either of traces of the transmissions in progress in the case of automatically controlled operation, or of a trace that corresponds to the angular position of the receivers tuning condenser in the case of manual adjustment, as well
  • Fig. 13 is a view of a cathode ray tube screen with the supervision and monitoring indications obtained with the circuit'of Fig. 12
  • Fig. 14 illustrates schematically another example of an embodiment of aradio direction finding receiver which, with a single indicating instrument, efiectssupervision of transmissions in progress, monitoring of a particular station, and taking of the bearings of the supervised transmissions;
  • Figs. 15v and 15A show diagrams used in the explanation of the operation of the arrangement of Fig. 14;
  • Fig. 16 is a view showing the use of the cathode ray tube screen as an indicator of the embodiment of Fig. 14, and
  • Fig. 17 illustrates schematically one example of a radio direction finding receiver system of one of the types described in connection with the preceding figures that is specially adapted for a easily repeating the obtained indications to a distance.
  • Fig. 1 gives a schematic view of one embodi ment of a direction finding and transmission system which employs features of the invention.
  • the dial i is mechan- 'ically connected to an assembly of variable condensers 3, 5 and 5, for example.
  • These variable condensers 3, i and 5 are electrically connected to high frequency circuits 6, i and 8 which serve as input circuitsto the detecting amplifier 9. As a whole they accordingly form a scanning condenser.
  • the first high frequency circuit 6 may be connected by means of a changeover switch it either to a vertical antenna or other nondirectlonal aerial ill or to a radio direction finder circuit H, which may comprise any system of rotary commutators or crossed or directional antenna arrangements which permit the taking of radio direction bearings.
  • variable condensers such as 5, d and 5 may be operated manually as a whole, as in an ordinary radio receiver, so as to search fora station.
  • a driving system by means of a motor l3 can make them rotate continuously, e. g. at the rate of 25 or 50 revolutions per second, and the assembly of variable condensers will accordingly eifect a completescanning of the reception range covered'by the receiver for-each revolution of motor i3.
  • Receiver 9 may be connected to the cathode ray tube. ie by any suitable circuit and particularly by a. resistance-coupled distributor i6 driven in rotation by the motor It.
  • This kind of distributor is well known in radio direction finding and a schematic example of it is shown in Fig. 2.
  • the output tube l6 of the detector-amplifier 9 and the high voltage W for the receiver feed at diametral points a resistance'coupled commutator it that consists of a chain of resistances all connected to circular contact studs.
  • the supply current of the resistancecoupled commutator is constant and the distribution of the values of the resistances is such that when the assembly rotates there is obtained at the stationary brush terminals ii and la a sinusoidal voltage which consists of values of very close successive voltages.
  • This sinusoidal voltage is applied to a pair of deflection plates, e. g.
  • an audible indication may be given by an earphone'or a loudspeaker, such as 25, connected to the output of the detecting amplifier 9.
  • FIG. 3 A modification oi the system of Fig. 1 is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the circuitof this Fig. 3 is arranged in such a way that it is possible to cause the simultaneous appearance on the screen of the indicating cathode ray tube it of the stations that are operating, in case the variable condensers 8. d are driven mechanically in a uniform rotating motion by motor 13, or the position of adJustment of the variable condenser, which is usually read by means of a needle that moves in front of a dial, in case manual adjustment is used for receiver.
  • the indicating cathode ray tube It is shown in the If the input of the circuit 8 is connected to the radio direction finder ii, it is evident that when the finder is adjusted manually or in any other way to an annular position such that the transmission that corresponds to the pip 23 lies in the zero reception plane of the finder, this pip will become extinguished on-the screen of the cathode ray tube.
  • variable condenser 3-4 which is double in the example shown in this figure, is driven by the motor is and controls the tuning of the high frequency circuits 6 and 'i which, together with the detector-amplifier 9, form a part of the receiver.
  • the antenna to or any other radio direction finding device is arranged at the input of this receiver.
  • the output circuit of detector-amplifier 9 controls the deflection of the spot by means of the magnetic circuit or winding which is connected to the output of detector-amplifier ii through the brush 27.
  • the output circuit of receiver 8-'i9 does not receive any modulation resulting from the passage of the tuning condenser through the frequency of a station, the path described by the spot is indeed a uniform circle, but the variations of voltage produced by the reception of a transmission correspond to radial deflections of the spot which produce the images 28, 29 and 30, shown in Fig. 4B, for example.
  • These images represent transmitting stations that are operating at different frequencies. They may be directed toward the outside of the screen or toward the center according to the way the modulation is arranged.
  • variable condenser 3-4 may be actuated manually by an adjusting knob 3
  • the motor is set in operation,
  • the stop 33 which controls the closing of relay 34.
  • the coupling disc 35 of the manual drive system is then in position 36.
  • the driving disc 35 applies against a disc 31 that is integral with shaft 38 of the variable condenser 3-4.
  • sets the condenser assembly in rotation, it also drives coil 26 which is integral with shaft 38.
  • the spot then occupies on the graduated scale 39 of the screen of cathode ray tube iii a position that depends on the adjustment'of the condensers.
  • a commutator or quire only a low-coupling capacity with the dei'cctor circuit M.
  • This coupling capacity is lurnished by two electrodes es and M disposed in such a way that the high'irequency voltage can only pass from one electrode to the other during a half turn of the variable condenser t-t.
  • this can be done byusing an armature so attached to the condenser shalt 3i! and arranged to rotate in betweenplates it and it; this may consist of a circular scent oi such a shape that it is only capacitively coupled to the two plates case over 180 oi its circumferonce.
  • Fig. 5 shows a modification oi the circuit 01' 'Fig. 1 in order to be ableto obtain simultaneously the indication of stations that are operating and the indication of the angular position of the radio direction finder on a single cathode ray tube.
  • the wave collectors or direction finding circuits GI and 62 are connected to the receiver 86 by means of the finder 63.
  • the tuning circuits of this receiver are controlled by the variable condensers es and 68 which may be driven, either manually by the knob or and the coupling 68 or continuously by the motor is.
  • the cathode ray tube that is connected by line it to the brushes oi the stators of circuit ll is accordingly controlled in such a way that the luminous spot will describe a circle onits screen and occupy an angular radial position that corresponds to the angular position oi the rotor of circuit ii. If the condenser rotates continuously, the rotor of circuit i! will rotate at the same time, since it is on the same shaft, and the spot will describe a circle or on the screen as of cathode ray tube it.
  • amplifier i2 is rotorof distributor 32, i. e. the angular position or the rotor of radio direction finder 8t that is controlled by the manual knob M.
  • the circuit may be an oscillator similar to that described in connection with Fig. 3, circuit 19 a detector, and 8! the commutator for interrupting the oscillations during the unwanted half of the tuning cycle.
  • variable condensers 65 and 66 may also be taken of the periods during which the variable condensers 65 and 66 cannot be used for indication of the stations in course of operation in order to produce the trace d9 of the angle of the rotor with respect to a fixed guide mark. It is evident that the mechanical commutator it may be replaced by an electronic commutator in the known manner.
  • generator 80 instead of controlling the extinction of the cathode ray tube, may be used for controlling the operation of distributor 02 in order to alternate the indications of frequency and of direction of the received stations.
  • the manual control 61 which may be used for adjustment of the receiver by means of the coupling 80, can also serve for causing the appearance ofan angular indication in a manner similar to that described in connection with P1 .3.
  • a stationary sector I02 which may be of any shape and which is connected to a terminal I 00.
  • a voltage of highvalue is applied between terminal I03 and shaft I00 of the commu-' tator which rotates in synchronism with the other rotating elements of a circuit similar to those shown in Figs. 3 and 5.
  • This shaft I00 carries, for example, a small sector IOI which is capacitively connected to the stationary sector I02 during a portion of the rotation.
  • a high frequency voltage is transmitted from terminal I03 static interrupter of Fig. 6 is shown in Fig. 7.
  • the mechanical or electronic commutator 14 may in this case be set in oscillation in any suitable manner for rapidly alternating the indications of the angular positions of the finder 60 and of the variable condenser 65-80.
  • Figs. 3 and 5 illustrate schematically a type of an electrostati commutator that makes it possible to cut off the illumination of the cathode ray tube during one half of each scanning rotation by acting on the control grid of the cathode ray tube or on any other electrode that controls the illumination of the screen.
  • cathode ray indicators for receivers used for supervision or other purposes.
  • cathode ray tubes in which the luminous intensity is controlled by the adjustment of an auxiliary plate voltage.
  • the modulation that permits extinction of the undesired indications may consequently be applied to an auxiliary anode of the tube in the form of an additional voltage that is suppressed or considerably reduced during the undesired periods. It is also possible, by modifying the value of the anode voltage, to increase the radius of the circle during a half-tum in order to bring it out ofa visible region of the screen.
  • the high or mean frequency transformer I06 transfers the amplified current of the receiverto the diode detector circuit IIO.
  • the high frequency current will be detected at the terminals of resistance I00 and by means of the connection I08 it may be applied to any modulation or other amplifying system'that can cause the appearance on the cathode ray tube's fluorescent screen of the indication of the traces of the received stations.
  • sector II1 is idle and the modulation does not act further on' the cathode ray tube.
  • the mean frequency transformer III feeds the detection diode I I2.
  • Resistance I I3 at the terminals of which the detected current appears, controls the potential of the grid of amplifier tube IIO which is suitably biased by potentiometer Ill.
  • a coupling transformer IIII whose secondary winding is connected in the control grid circuit of tube'IIO and whose primary winding is connected to a source II 5' of high frequency oscillations makes it possible for tube II8 to act as a modulator tube, so as to obtain in the output transformer IIO a high frequency voltage modulated by the detected signal.
  • the output circuit of transformer H0 is connected to the vertical deflect-ion plates III and I22 of a cathode ray tube whose horizontal plates I23 and I26 are, for example, fed by a scanning voltage that proceeds from a linear time base circuit I25.
  • the deflection of the spot on the cathode ray tube's screen is confined to a line I 20 and use can be made of the electrostatic commutator 0, controlled by shaft I02 in synchronism with the receiver's rotating plate condenser or with any other element that forms part of the assembly driven by the motor or by the manually controlled knob, to cause the production of the vertical modulation during a definite time interval only.
  • the traces of stations I21 and I28 can appear during this period.
  • the amplitudes and the shapes of current desired at the terminals of plates I2I and I2 may be obtained by means of connected-in networks of impedances arranged in any well known manner according to requirements.
  • FIG. 8 shows a cathode ray tube used with a linear scanning, but it must be understood that the invention is of course not limited to the use of the circular scanning em loyed in'the other examples of embodiments sh wn and described, but, on the contrary, may beadapted to any desired known method of scanning.
  • the mean frequency transformer I 28 symmetrically applies the output current of the receiver to the vertical deflection plates Itl and I82'of cathoderay osclllograph I8jii.
  • This vertical modulation e. g. as shown at I31, I88, of the horizontal trace of the scanning I36 that is produced by plates I33 and I84 to which the linear time base circuit I33 is connected. is eii'ected when the movable sector of rotating commutator I88 permits the passage of the alternating voltages. 7
  • electrostatic commutator may be used in all cases in which it is desirable in general to permit the passage of a high or mean frequency voltage, or simply an alternating voltage, from one circuit to another during a portion of the rotation of an assembly, and to prevent the pass-age of these alternating currents when it is desired to avoid their effects in the second circuit.
  • a commutator of this kind may be of any suitable design, e. g. of designs like those shown in Figs. 10 and 11.
  • the rotating shaft I39 is made integral with an insulating member M8 that has a metallic coating, a secondary shaft M3 being carried by this insulating member Mil
  • Secondary shaft I88 carries condenser blades or segments IM, I which rotate between segments M6, I ll, IE8 that are stationary and are con-- uted according to the profiles of the stationary and movable sectors of the condenser segments I'M to M8 are accordingly tapped at I48.
  • the high frequency voltage may be applied to'terminal M9 and be tapped at terminal hi2.
  • a connection arrangement of this kind permits insulation of the electrostatic commutator with respect to earth. If however this precaution is not advisable, shafts I43 and I89 may be of one piece and terminal I42 may be con nected to earth, for example.
  • the design shown in Fig. 11 comprises an insulating cylinder I5! driven by a shaft I58.
  • This cylinder I M has its outer surface metallized in the manner indicated at I52 and I53. for example.
  • a metallic ring I54 surrounds the metallized portion I53 and is spacedtherefrom, while sectors, such as I51 and I58, are capacitively joined to the metallized portion I52.
  • a grounded electrostatic screen I59 separates the two assemblies of electrodes. With this arrangement, it is only during a portion of the rotation of drum I 5i that electrode I54 can transmit the alternating voltages applied to it by terminal 155 to electrodes I 51 and I58, accordingly to terminals I80 and I56, respectively.
  • electrostatic commutators as described above may be used in other circuits than those of the kind shown in Figs. 3 and 5 for periodically blocking the cathode beam of an indicating oscillograph. They can be used in a general way for periodically transmitting alter- I sions in progress in a predetermined range and individual monitoring of the various transmissions thus located. It may be preferable in certain cases to use two receivers in order to be able to continue the supervision of the operating transmitting stations while monitoring one of them and while radio direction finding indications are obtained as desired, as in the case of the'preceding systems. In this case, certain featuresof the invention also provide means for only using one single indicating instrument for super ment of the monitoring receiver, and the indications 'ofdirections. Figs. 12 to 17 show various examples of embodiments of these two-receiver systems.
  • a control receiver I81 and a monitoring receiver I IB are shown associated in such a way as to use only one single indicating instrument.
  • a cathode ray oscillograph WI such as a cathode ray oscillograph
  • control receiver .lt'l e. g. a rotating plate condenser I89
  • amotor I88 in such a way as successively to tune receiver it? through all the frequencies of the range covered by condenser its, e. g. ata speed of the order of revolutions per second, or of any other suitable value for producing a circular pattern I63 on screen I82 of the cathode ray tube IGI.
  • the stations operating within the supervised frequency range appear on this pattern I83 in the form of radial traces I88 directed outward or inward according to the direction selected for the variation of the voltage that produces them and distorts the circular scanning.
  • the thus modulated circular scanning is produced, for example, by an induction rotating system ltd, such as an electromagnetic deflection coil driven in rotation around the neck of cathode ray tube Iti by the same motor I68 that drives the tuning circuit I89 of control receiver I'8'l in the manner indicated by the connection I16, or at least in synchronism with this tuning circuit.
  • This coil I is fed by the output of receiver I61, e. g. by means of a wiper collector ring I66.
  • tuning condenser I69 Since tuning condenser I69 has only one useful rotation, the portion of its rotation from 180 to 360 that reproduces the frequency exploration obtained in its rotation from 0 to ,180 but asymmetrically with respect to this first explora-' tlon, it is necessary to suppress on the screen of the indicating oscillograph IBI the luminous traces that correspond to this undesired portion of the exploration. As mentioned above, the operation of receiver I6! is blocked during the undesired halfturn of variable condenser I69.
  • the monitoring receiver I18 is of similar design to control receiver I81, but its tuning circuit, e. g. a rotating plate condenser I11, has an angular position that is manually adjustable by means of a knob I18.
  • the rotor of a reversed radio direction finder of goniometer I18 is keyed to the shaft of rotation of the manually adjustable condenser I11.
  • This rotor is fed by a suitable high frequency source which, in the example shown in the drawing, consists of the oscillator I1I already used for suppressing the undesired indications on screen I82 oi the indicator.
  • This high frequency voltage may be directly applied to the rotor of the reversed finder I18 from commutator I18, so that the voltage transmitted to rotor I18 Is periodically interrupted at the cadence of interruption of the feed of coil I88 but during supplementary periods.
  • the high frequency voltage applied to the rotor of the reversed tinder I18 is transmitted to the two stators, and the two voltages in quadrature thus obtained are applied by the detecting amplifier circuit I12 to a circular scanning circuit I18 arranged for radial deflectionof the spot.
  • This deflection circuit may be of any well known electrostatic or electromagnetic type. This willresult in the appearance on screen I82 of oscillosraph I5I of a, radial line I88 whose angular position will depend on the angular position of the rotor with respect to the stators of the reversed finder I18, accordingly on the angular position of tuning condenser I11 under control of the manual knob I18.
  • the rotation of motor I88, accordingly the operating time of commutator I18, is to be selected sufficiently rapid, e. g. 50 cycles per second as mentioned above, for the alternation of the two scannings' produced by circuits I88 and I18 to take place at a cadence that will insure persistence of the luminous indications due to these two scannings. Accordingly, on screen I12 there will actually be obtained the simultaneous indications of the stations detected by the control receiver I81 and of the adjustment position of monitoring receiver I18.
  • Receiver I18 may be connected to a monitoring device I18, e. g. a loudspeaker or an earphone, and/ or to any other indicating or servicing device, either for the recording or retransmission of signals or for radio direction finding purposes, by connecting the input circuits of receiver I18 to suitable aerial systems.
  • a monitoring device I18 e. g. a loudspeaker or an earphone, and/ or to any other indicating or servicing device, either for the recording or retransmission of signals or for radio direction finding purposes, by connecting the input circuits of receiver I18 to suitable aerial systems.
  • the outputs of for remote angle rpetition e. g. to a circuit ter-g mlnating in one or more cathode ray indicators similar to that of Fig. l, in order directly to reproduce the angular indications substantially without IneztLa and with all desirable fidelity.
  • Fig. 13 which illustrates the screen I82 of a cathode ray tube employed as indicator in the manner just described
  • the'radial traces I82, I88 and I88 of the stations in course of operation may appear strongly luminous, as well as the luminous pointer I88 for adjustment of the monitoring receiver.
  • the circular scanning pattern I82 that moves along the graduated scale I8I and gives the scale of the frequencies is of attenuated luminosity. Since such methods for varying the luminosity of indications 48 diameter.
  • Fig. 14 shows schematically one embodiment which permits the observation of transmitting stations in course of operation over a wide frequency range, the adiustment of a monitoring receiver to a particular transmission, and the taking of the radiodirectional bearing of this transmission manually or by automatic direct reading.
  • certain features of the invention provide for the use of only one single circular scanning system for producing-the various desired indications on a, cathode ray tube screen.
  • the receiving circuit shown in Fig. 14 provides for a magnetic circuit 282 which rotates around the neck of cathode ray tube 28I. The rotation of this circuit 282 permits circular displacement oi the spot on screen 2" of the cathode ray tube 28I.
  • This deflection system 282 is connected by commutator 283 to the output stages 2I8 of the control receivers 2I2 and the monitoring receiver 238.
  • a commutation e. g. electronic, is provided in order to permit alternate connection of the supply circuit of the circular deflection element 282 either to the control receiver 2I2 or to the amplifier-circuit 2I8 which is fed in such a way as to furnish the position of the frequency adjustment of monitoring receiver 288.
  • Motor 284 drives in continuous rotary motion the assembly of the devices secured to shaft 288, i. e.
  • the deflection system 282 the rotating tuning condenser 288 of control receiver 2I2, the high frequency static distributor such as 281 that feeds the commutation device 2 I I of the out- .put stages 2I3. and the induction distributor or finder-288 whose orthogonal stators 28I and 282 occupy a definite fixed angular position.
  • a tuning condenser of the control receiver 2 I that is of normal shape our ins: only 180 01 its rotation.
  • the second helt his the undesired half-turn of variable condenser let, clistri butor tt'l gives the output circuit lit oi receiver 2E2 such a bias that receiver iii! no longer acts on the circular scanning of magnetic element 2M, and this causes the spot to appear on the cathode ray tube screen only during one half-turn 236.
  • variable tuning con- 'denser 2273 of the monitoring receiver there is keyed an induction distributor 22% whose two orthogonal stators .229 end its occupy fixcci pcsi tions.
  • Variable condenser 32? may, for exnmple, he controlled manually by the adjusting lmoh 22% and this condenser is given sprofile similar to that of the rotating variable condenser tilt, so as to use the same scale of frequencies on screen 2 ii for the indication of the adjustment oi monitoring receiver 233 as'ior the indications of supervision.
  • induction distributor 223 comprises e rotor which has its angular position controlled by knob 2th and which cietermines the phsse re lotions or the sinusoidal voltages induced in the orthogonal stators 22s and 2st.
  • the rotor of distributor 228 receives over the constant coupling transformer 23 2' s high frequency voltage. proceeding, for example, from the oscillator tit s1- ready used for the commutation of the output circuits.
  • the high frequency voltage induced in the stators 229 and 28B is transmitted to two other stators 23a and it? within which the rotor oi? induction distributor.
  • curve 252 shows the variation in ampiituci-euuring the progressive rotation of shaft 205 of the high frequency current that enters amplifier till. This voltage variation is used hi means of output circuit lit for operating this circuit during the half-turn when the cathode ray tube flili does not serve for giving the control 4 indication.
  • the circle 2% illustrates the circular path described by the spot on u cathode ray tube whose'rotsting deflection circuit is-fecl by the continuous component, and the image miiillustrstes the trajectory of the spot when the circular deflection system 202 is fed by i e curve of the type of component 2% that actuctes an output tube whose cut-oil point P only permits empiificstion of the voltage tip 2% during the time t.t Xtds this tip this that furnishes the image 2%,
  • This image would be double, i. e. there wouicl'iae two similar images staggered by 180 if cathode ray tube till was used during the complete rotation of the circular scanning for giving an indication oi the component detected by amplifier BIB. But since the tube is only used.
  • variable condenser 2271 that tunes the, 211 3111 toring receiver 235; Since the same frequency scale is used, it is ecsy to bring the luminous the control grid of the cathode ray tube to ram force the luminous traces etc, tilt), Ziii (Flu.
  • the monitoring receiver 213$ may he'ennnecterl to on electronic or mechanical commute-tor tilt that permits-monitoring or trsiilc ever a 219i! telling the receiver to'sn cute-line system see of the hinrl usually employed in radio direction ins, it beins nossible to take the bearing menus-1 iv in; the control knob lei or by on automatic finding device. It is then possible to key on the some shaft on induction distributor lit: of a. kind usually usetl for the remote transmission of the rsdio-clireeticuel or other indicsticns in order to repeat to a distance the angular indications of the radio direction finder.
  • the radiodirectional image 283 may be obtained by keying on the rotary shaft 205 a resistance l coupled distributor having a sinusoidal distribution of the voltages.
  • a resistance l coupled distributor having a sinusoidal distribution of the voltages.
  • direct use may also be made in the circular scanning circuit 202 of the output voltage of receiver 238 which may itself be fed by a rotating radio direction finder, either manually or at a constant speed in synchronism with the rotation of the scanning circuit 202.
  • the cathode ray tube that is used as indicator is located directly in the axis of rotation of the frequency scanning system.
  • the invention also provides circuit arrangements that permit the indicating cathode ray tube to be located at a certain distance from the axis of the mechanical scanning system while retaining the synchronous circular deflection, and while using a single deflection system. An arrangement'of this kind also makes it possible to use several indicating sys-.
  • the cathode ray tube 23! comprises a rectangular dcfiectionsystem 282.
  • This deflection system may consist of pairs of orthogonal plates, or stationary inductanc'es.
  • Deflection system 282 is connected to an amplifier or'detector 2G3 which is itself connected.
  • a carrier current generator 288 by lines 265 and 28B and across a rotating induc tion distributor 251.
  • the carrier current is mod- -ulated by the different'signals that it is desired to show on the screen of the indicating cathode ray tube till.
  • This assembiy constitutes the remote repetition circuit thatpermits the connection to line 2% of a certain number of amplifying elements in association with indicating cathoderay tubes similar to amplifier 263 and to cathode ray tube 28L
  • the motor 289 drives the rotating plate condenser 210, the static commutator such as 2', the'induction distributor 261, and any other necessa'ry member as described in the preceding embodiments.
  • Condenser 210 is connected to receiver 212 and the output circuits that feed the carrier current emitter 268 may be actuated by any other member 218 that permits the obtaining of indications of a different kind. as described above. With an arrangement of this kind, it is accordingly possible to have as many indicating tubes as desired at different locations.
  • a combined transmission supervision and direction finding system comprising a receiver, means to tune said receiver through a predetermined band of frequencies, an indicating device, means toproduce an indication 0 said device each time said receiver receives a signal from a transmitter,- means to separate the indications thus produced so as to identify the frequencies corresponding thereto, a direction finding antenna system associated with said receiver, means to change the directivity of said antenna system. and means to indicate on said indicating device a direction of any particular transmitter being received by said receiver.
  • a combined transmission supervision and direction finding system comprising a receiver, means to tune said receiver through a predetermined band' of frequencies, an indicating device. means to produce an indication on said device each time said receiver receives a signal from a transmitter, a direction finder antenna system associated with said receiver, means to change the directivity of said antenna system, means to indicate on said indicating device the direction' of a particular transmitter being received by said receiver, driving means rotated at a substantially constant speed. and manually operated means to alternatively connect said driving means to said receiver tuning means or to connect said manual means to said receiver tuning means for manual tuning of said receiver.
  • indication means is a cathode ray tube.
  • the indicator means is a cathode ray tube and in which means is provided to extinguish the luminous spot of said tube during a. half cycle of the tuning of the receiver.
  • direction finding system means to tune said receiver through a predetermined band of frequencies, an indicating device, means to control the indication of said device in one coordinate of a two coordinate system with the tuning of said receiver, means to control-the indication in the other coordinate by signals received by said receiver, direction finding apparatus associated with said receiver, means to adjust the directivity of said apparatus so that a particular signal received by'said receiver will be ma- Q in poles: cccrcinetes.
  • whicicthe indicating device is e. cathecie ray tubecnd in which the indication is nrceiucec thereon 12.
  • A. combined transmission succi'visicn cud direction finding system cementing c. ccceivcr, meens tc time said receiver repeatedly thrcucyh s. predetermined band of frequencies, is cctiiccic my tube, means tc cause the spct cf seic', cctl-iciie, cc
  • ray tube operates at e, cufficientiy high rate so that both indications will appear to an observer simui-' tcneousic on the face cf the tube.
  • a combined trensmissicn supervision and monitoring system comprising at central receiver,
  • means to tune said control receiver through a. predetermined bend of frequencies are indicating device, meens tic-produce an indication en said cievice each time said receiver receives a signai from c. transmitter, means tc secerete this indications -thus m'cciuc'eci on said indicating device in c predcteimineoi manner so that the frequency of thesicnaisrccciveci may be i dentified, e. monitcr inc receiver, means to tune said receiver through said seine bend of frequencies, end means to produce on said indicating device an indication ccrrespcnding to the frequency at which said mcnitcrine receiver is tuned.
  • a system in accordance with claim 18, in which the indie-sting device is a. cethccie my tube and the deflecting device comprises a coil rotct 1 ably mounted cbcut the neck of sairltu'be end cycle of the tuning of ssici receiver, c direction $9 finding antenna.
  • system connected. tc scic re DC, means to eciiust the ditectivity ci said antenne system, means to'ceuse the spot 01' said cctiicde my tube to trace c.
  • a combined transmission supervision and direction finding system comprising a. receiver,
  • receiver tnrougiie. predeter-- mined band of frequencies is, cathode my tube
  • deflection circuit'for said cathode ray tube ev first gonicmete: mechanicaiiy connected to said tuning meanejmcans to feed en eiterneting current intothe rater of said gonicmeter, means to said goniometer, a. direction finder antenna. system, means to adjust the directivity of said sys-, tem.
  • a'seccnd gcniometer having its rotor meche'nicaiiy operated by said antenna ccjusting 0 said central receiver, a, seccnci gen its rotor mechanically ccnnectei'i t feed the output oi said receiver intc the rotor 02 5 current'tc the rctor of said first gcniometer, a cathode ray tu means is provided tc ccnnect said coil alternately to the output of the; ccntrci receiver emi' as the indicetionprcciucing means of the mcnitoring receiver.
  • a system in accordance with cieim in which means is providedto connect the output of said control receiver to said deflecting coil ciurinc one half only of the tuning cycle of said control receiver.
  • a combined transmission supervisien, directime finding, and monitoring system comprising an indicating device, a control receiver, means to tune said control receiver through a band of fre quencies a. monitoring receiver, means to adjust the tuning of said monitoring receiver, a d1recticn finder apparatus, means to produce an indication on said indicating device representing the means, means to feed an 'eitemeting current into'- the rotor oilscict gcnicmeter, means to feed the output of said receiver intc the rotor cf said. goniometei', and means to connect the stators of said first and second goniometcr' citez'netciy to said'deflecticn circuit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
US488294A 1941-05-17 1943-05-24 Radio-electric receiver, particularly for watch on broad frequency bands Expired - Lifetime US2454797A (en)

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FR272301X 1941-05-17

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US2454797A true US2454797A (en) 1948-11-30

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US (1) US2454797A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE447126A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH272301A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE895317C (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR959692A (en, 2012)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1098555B (de) * 1958-03-01 1961-02-02 Dr Maximilian Waechtler Sichtfunkpeiler
US3028594A (en) * 1948-01-05 1962-04-03 Robert F Rychlik Self-synchronous tuning system for variable frequency radar system

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1878737A (en) * 1930-05-06 1932-09-20 Edward L Corbett Radio beacon system
US2130913A (en) * 1935-04-30 1938-09-20 Rca Corp System for the communication of intelligence
US2214342A (en) * 1937-06-12 1940-09-10 Neufeld Jacob Position finding
US2273914A (en) * 1938-04-26 1942-02-24 Panoramic Radio Corp Radio navigation system
US2279151A (en) * 1938-02-21 1942-04-07 Panoramic Radio Corp Panoramic radio receiving system
US2279246A (en) * 1938-06-03 1942-04-07 Podliasky Ilia Visual direction-finding system
US2361956A (en) * 1938-12-09 1944-11-07 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Automatic position indicating system
US2367907A (en) * 1941-11-21 1945-01-23 Wallace Marcel Panoramic radio receiving system

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1878737A (en) * 1930-05-06 1932-09-20 Edward L Corbett Radio beacon system
US2130913A (en) * 1935-04-30 1938-09-20 Rca Corp System for the communication of intelligence
US2214342A (en) * 1937-06-12 1940-09-10 Neufeld Jacob Position finding
US2279151A (en) * 1938-02-21 1942-04-07 Panoramic Radio Corp Panoramic radio receiving system
US2273914A (en) * 1938-04-26 1942-02-24 Panoramic Radio Corp Radio navigation system
US2279246A (en) * 1938-06-03 1942-04-07 Podliasky Ilia Visual direction-finding system
US2361956A (en) * 1938-12-09 1944-11-07 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Automatic position indicating system
US2367907A (en) * 1941-11-21 1945-01-23 Wallace Marcel Panoramic radio receiving system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3028594A (en) * 1948-01-05 1962-04-03 Robert F Rychlik Self-synchronous tuning system for variable frequency radar system
DE1098555B (de) * 1958-03-01 1961-02-02 Dr Maximilian Waechtler Sichtfunkpeiler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR959692A (en, 2012) 1950-03-31
DE895317C (de) 1953-11-02
CH272301A (fr) 1950-12-15
BE447126A (en, 2012)

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