US2453276A

US2453276A - Manual pocket square

Info

Publication number: US2453276A
Application number: US649973A
Authority: US
Inventors: Shelby Fitz Gerald
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1946-02-25
Filing date: 1946-02-25
Publication date: 1948-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 1965-11-09

Description

Nov. 9, 1948. F. G. SHELBY MANUAL POCKET SQUARE Filed Feb. 25, 1946 INVENTOR. v ITZ GERALD SHELBY ATToR/vm Patented Nov. 9, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MANUAL POCKET SQUARE Fitz Gerald Shelby, Shelby, Miss. Application February 25, 1946, Serial No. 649,973

4 Claims. 1

This invention relates to a computing folding square, and is more particularly directed to a means for positioning a sighting device while determining the angular displacement of said device.

The present invention is an improvement over a related device constituting the subject matter of Patent No. 1,238,833 dated September 4, 1917.

An object of the invention is the provision of an arrangement for positioning a sighting device used in surveying, in which the device is attached in parallel relation to a member of an extensible support with a, marking device carried by the support for scribing intersecting lines indicating the relative angular positions of the sighting device during surveying, a scale on the support disclosing the angular displacement in degrees and fractions thereof.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an arrangement for positioning a sighting device used in surveying along intersecting lines with a marking device for scribing lines indicating the positions of said sighting device with a member simultaneously actuated by the sighting device, when in transit, and movable over a scale for disclosing angular displacements of the sighting in degrees.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an arrangement for supporting and guiding a sighting device in such a, manner that the angle defined by a pair of intersecting lines representing the directions of the sighting device when aligned with two distant points and a predetermined point may be computed from the position of a member movable in parallel relation with the sighting device and cutting a scale in degrees, a marker on the supporting means scribing on a sheet of paper, intersecting lines which define the angle of displacement of the sighting device.

The invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and combinations of parts hereinafter more particularly described and claimed.

One sheet of drawings accompanies this specification as part thereof, in which like reference characters indicate like parts throughout.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a, plan view of a folding square for supporting a sighting device;

Figure 2 is an edge view of the square looking toward what may be termed the rear edge;

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken along the line 4-4 of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is an end view looking at the let hand end of Figure 2 with the movable parts in folded relation, and the sighting device removed;

Figure 6 is a transverse vertical section taken along the line 66 of Figure 2;

Figure '7 is an enlarged vertical section taken along the line '!1 of Figure 1;

Figure 8 is a detail plan view of a sliding block to which one of the arms of a marker support is pivoted; and

Figure 9 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line 99 of Figure 2.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, it will be seen that the instrument or folding square includes a flat rectangular-shaped body or so-callcd beam composed of a pair of spaced metal plates ill and H and a base l2 which has a chamber i3 therein adapted to receive a combined folded marker and sighting device support 14, while the plate I I provides a chamber 5 to house an arm or extension slide it. This body or beam is' provided with straight parallel edges, and in order that it may be used as an ordinary scale or ruler, it is provided along one edge of the top plate Ill with ordinary scales or measuring graduations.

On the lower side of the body is a flange located a short distance inwardly from the front edge of the body. The front face of this flange constitutes a shoulder adapted to bear against the edge of a board or other object on which the marking or measuring is to be done. his flange, the side faces of which extend nearly the length of the body or beam and parallel to the edges thereof, is very important in the use oi the instrument, for without the flange it would be practically impossible to obtain accurate results.

The top plate I II is provided with a slot 19 which extends nearly the length of the body in a direction parallel to the side edges thereof.

A slot is also provided in the plate l i and E2, and these slots are aligned with the slot 18 as shown in Figure 9. A slide block 2;) is received by the slot in base l2 and is adapted to ove freely along the slot, but may be clamped in any position along the slot by means of a clamp ing set screw I6 This screw carries a movable indicator in the form of a beveled cross piece 25 adapted to cooperate with fixed scales or graduations.

The marker previously referred to is in this instance carriedbyalazy-tongs extensible support which is movable inwardly and outwardly with respect to the body or beam. The upper corner of the body is notched or cut away, as shown at 22, in order that the extensible support may be compactly folded in the body and in order that the point of the marker may be moved from and to a position substantially in line with the front face of the flange l8. so that a line may be drawn by the marker from the very edge of the board against which the square is placed, This extensible marker support is composed of two inner members 23 and 2t and two

outer members

25 and 26 which are pivoted together by means of pins or rivets so as to form a lazy-tongs'construction. One end of the arm 23 is pivotally connected to the body or beam at 2'1 in line with the slot i9, and the inner end of the arm 24 is pivotally connected to the slidin block 2| inline with the pivotal point 2?. Furthermore, the arm 23 and the arm 24 are of precisely the same length and are pivoted together at a point 24 midway between their ends; the arm 25 which is pivoted at 28 to the outer end of arm 23 is of precisely the same length as the

arms

23 and 24, and the arm 2% which is half the length of the other arms has one end pivoted at 29 to the outer end of the arm 2 and at its other end is pivoted to the arm at a point 2! midway between the ends of arm 25. At the outer free end of the arm 25 is a marker 39 which may be of any suitable construction, but in this case consists of a marker proper w (see particularly Figure '7), which is preferably a piece of lead or other suitable marking material carried by a shank of a screw 30 adapted to be screwed into a threaded socket of a small cylindrical member 353 secured at the outer end of the arm 25. It will be observed that by reason of this construction as the lazy-tongs support is extended the sliding block 29 will move along the slot toward the pivotal axis of arm 23, and. as the support is collapsed the sliding block will move in an opposite direction. It will be observed also that as the support is either extended or moved inwardly toward the body the marker moves in a straight line at right angles to the body or beam, and if the square is placed along the edge of a board, and the support is moved outwardly, the marker will draw a line at right angles to the edge of the board. In other words,

the instrument when used in this manner serves as an ordinary carpenters square.

The instrument may be used as a panel gage and in the use of the instrument for this purpose the sliding block 2i! will be clamped in position when the marker has been moved outwardly the i proper distance from the edge of the flange I8, so that when the square is placed against the edge of a board and is moved along such edge the marker will draw a line at the desired distance from the edge of the board and parallel thereto.

In order that the instrument may be conveniently used as a panel gage, the upper plate I!) of the body or beam is provided with a series of graduations which are preferabiy marked in terms of inches to indicate different panel widths measured outwardly from the face of the flange 13, this column being indicated on the face of the plate Panel gage. Any desired width of panel can be obtained by setting the sliding block with the edge of the indicator 2| on the graduation corresponding to the gage desired.

Not only do the arms 23 to 26 form the extensfble support for the marker, but they are used for ruling or marking purposes, that is for marking lines at any desired angles with respect to the edge of the board, the

inner arms

23 and 24 being particularly useful for this purpose, although the

arms

25 and 25 are parallel, respectively, to the

arms

23 and 24, and make the same angles with respect to the edge of the board against which the square is placed as do the

arms

23 and 24. In order that the ruling

arms

23 and 24 may be shifted to and set at any desired or predetermined angle, the upper plate It of the ruler body or beam is provided "with a scale 36 graduated in degrees, the different graduations indicating the difierent angles, which the

arms

23 and 24, etc., make with respect to the edge of flange I8 or the edge of the board against which the square is placed.

When the edge of the indicator is placed on the graduation of the scale, the square may be used as a miter square, for the

arms

23 and 24 are then at angles of 45 to the face or edge of the flange Hi. When these arms are in the position stated, that is, in the miter gage position, the arm 26 and the outer part of the arm 25 are thence at right angles to each other, and these parts thence constitute a try square and may be used for that purpose.

Not only does this scale 36 enable lines to be drawn on a board along the

arms

23 and 24 at any desired angles, but by means of this scale the instrument may be used as a protractor to determine the angle in degrees made of any two lines, for by adjusting the lazy-tongs construc tion until the edge of

arms

23 or 24 and the adjacent edge of the body or beam of the square make the same angle as or coincide with the lines of an unknown angle, the position of the indicator will indicate on the scale 35 the particular angle which these lines make.

A spacer block 48 forms the head of the screw 30*. This block has a pocket 3! which receives a coil spring 42 pressing against a head 33 of a pin 44 that passes through an elongated slot 65 in the extension slide Hi. This slide, when a set screw 46 is released, may be drawn outwardly of the chamber 15 between the plates i0 and H so that an edge 50 of the slide will align with an edge 5! on the plate it, whereby the slide and piate 10 may operate as an ordinary scale or ruler since both the slide and plate are provided with ordinary scale or measuring graduations in inches and fractions thereof.

A sighting device 52 is mounted in a sleeve 53 which has flanges 54 secured to the member 25. The device is parallel to the member 25 so that its longitudinal axis is likewise parallel to said member. Ihe sighting device which is employed in surveying is positioned by the extensible member generally designated by the member l t at portions outwardly of the body or beam.

The extensible member not only positions the sighting device for observing from a predetermined point a second point, but the marker St will scribe a line on a sheet of paper at right angles to the edgeil of the plate iii. The cross piece 2! at the same time will cut the scale 38 to indicate the angles that the longitudinal axis of the sighting device makes with the edge of the scale 35-; and the scribed line previously defined.

If a second observation is made between a third point and the second point, the angle formed by lines connecting the first and second point with the third point can be determined readily, as previously explained. The distance between the first and third points is found by actual measurements.

The pin 4% riding in the slot of the extension slide it cooperates with said slide for stabilizing U the sighting device and the extensible member It.

The plate i I has a shoulder 82 adjacent a groove 63 that receives the slid-e i6 when located in the i'ull line position shown in Figure 1. At this time, an edge of said slide-is. in contact with an edge of the shoulder Eli, so that the slide will not only be positioned at right angles to the edge 51 of the plate It! but will be held in such position when the set screw dis is tightened for stabilizing the movements of the sighting device and the extensible support.

The indicator 21 is finally positioned over the scale 36 by the support Hi When the sighting device 52 has been adjusted to align with a distant target. The set screw 35 is then tightened and a scale reading is made to determine the number of the degrees of the angle formed by the arm 24 and an edge of the plate It. Such scale reading is made at the point where the indicator cuts the scale 35:

A spirit level El is mounted in the flange I8 for prescribing the horizontal position of the beam.

Although a preferred and practical embodiment of the invention is disclosed herein, it is to be understood that various modifications may be made within the scope of the appended claims.

A spirit level 6| is mounted in an end of the base l2 so that said base may be maintained in a transversely horizontal position while the level 6! determines the longitudinal horizontal position of the base. In other words, the two spirit levels cooperate to maintain horizontally a straight line connecting any two points on the upper surface or any two points on the bottom surface of the instrument.

The pivot 2? for the arm 23 on the body or beam is in the hollow providing a central passage 27 When it is desired to inscribe a circle with the instrument, a pointed device or pin is inserted into the passage and pressed into the board or paper. The lazy tongs are pulled out until the inner edge of the beveled cross-piece 2| aligns with the proper graduation on the Panel gauge representing the radius of the circle to be inscribed. The outer end of the extension slide is moved around the pivot 21', whence the marker 3t! will inscribe the circle.

If it be desired to inscribe a circle having a radius of five inches, the beveled edge of the crosspiece is moved to alignment with the graduation 5 on the Panel gauge and the cross-piece is secured in place, after which the extension slide is moved as previously explained.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim:

1. In a folding square, a body having a slot therein, an extensible support in the form of a lazy-tongs construction having an arm pivotally connected to said body and an arm guided in said slot, said body having a chamber at one face to receive the support when collapsed, the body having a chamber at the other face, an extension slide in the second chamber and adapted to be established at right angles to an edge of the body, a sighting device mounted on a member of the extensible support so that said device may be positioned outwardly of the body and cooperating means on the extensible support and extension slide for retaining the sighting device in a stabilized position.

2. In a folding square, a body having a slot therein, an extensible support comprising a plurality of pivotally-connected members in the form of a lazy-tongs construction, the inner ends of a pair of said members having pivotal connections with the body, a slide mounted in the slot in said body carrying one of the pivotal connections, a sighting device mounted in parallel relation with and on an outer member the lazy-tongs construction, an arm disposed at right angles to the body, and cooperating means on said arm and lastmentioned member for stabilizing the sighting device in predetermined positions.

3. An extensible support comprising a plurality of pivotally connected members in the form of a lazy-tongs construction, a body, the inner end of one member being pivotally connected to the body, means forming a sliding connection between the innerend of another member and said body, a sighting device attached in parallel relation to a third member which is parallel to the secondinentioned member, the body being provided with a scale in degrees representing angles formed by a line on the body and an edge of the second-mentioned member, and an indicator carried by the sliding connection and cutting the scale for indicating simultaneously the degrees of the angles formed by the second arm and the sighting device, the axis of the sighting device being always at an acute angle to a longitudinal edge of the body.

4. An extensible support comprising a plurality of pivotally connected members in the form of a lazy tongs construction, a body, the inner end of one member being pivotally connected to the body, means forming a sliding connection between the inner end of another member and said body, a sighting device attached inparallel relation to a third member which is parallel to the second mentioned member, the body being provided with a scale in degrees representing angles formed by a line on the body and an edge of the second mentioned member, and an indicator carried by the slide connection and cutting the scale for indicating simultaneously the degrees of the angles formed by the second member and the sighting device, the axis of the sighting device being always at an acute angle to a longitudinal edge of the body, an arm disposed at right angles to the body, the arm having a longitudinal slot therein, a marker on an end of said third member of the extensible support, a screw for securing the marker on said support, a head on the screw and a pin slidably mounted in the-head and received by the slot in the arm for stabilizing the sighting device in predetermined positions of use.

TEITZ GERALD SHELBY.

REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Crosby Jan. 17, 1939 Number