US2453221A - Interlocking building units - Google Patents

Interlocking building units Download PDF

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Publication number
US2453221A
US2453221A US545947A US54594744A US2453221A US 2453221 A US2453221 A US 2453221A US 545947 A US545947 A US 545947A US 54594744 A US54594744 A US 54594744A US 2453221 A US2453221 A US 2453221A
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United States
Prior art keywords
units
building
fingers
beads
sections
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US545947A
Inventor
Raymond L Haden
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ALBERT R JONES
EMILE S GUIGNON JR
Original Assignee
ALBERT R JONES
EMILE S GUIGNON JR
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Application filed by ALBERT R JONES, EMILE S GUIGNON JR filed Critical ALBERT R JONES
Priority to US545947A priority Critical patent/US2453221A/en
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Publication of US2453221A publication Critical patent/US2453221A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/0004—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship
    • F16B5/0056—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels or the interlocking key perpendicular to the main plane
    • F16B5/0068—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels or the interlocking key perpendicular to the main plane and using I-shaped clamps with flanges moving towards each other
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
    • E04B1/34321—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts mainly constituted by panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34384—Assembling details for foldable, separable, collapsible or retractable structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/612—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
    • E04B1/6166—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with protrusions on both frontal surfaces
    • E04B1/617—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with protrusions on both frontal surfaces with one protrusion on each frontal surface

Definitions

  • This invention relates to portable building structures of the character employing a plurality of units held together by parts of the building hearing some of the load thereof, and capable of assembly and disassembly for shipment or removal from place-to-place.
  • One of the important objects of the instant invention is to provide building structure of the portable type with novel, unique and durable means for securing together the planar buildingunits to create a wall or the like and to cause the interlocking partsto perform the function of one of the main building components after the same have been moved into operative relation to the units.
  • This invention has for a further object to provide a building structure comprising a plurality of planar units arranged .in edge-to-edge relation with a, sectional studding or the like at the adjacent edges of the units to serve as a load bearing part of the building as well as means for maintaining the edges of the units in alignment and in place as a part of the building wall.
  • Other objects of the invention include the specific manner of forming adjoining edges of building units; the way of employing a sectional studding to serve as means for holding the units together; and the way in which the adjoining edges of the building units and the associated studding sections are contoured to be complementary with each other and thereby function without specially designed interlocking fingers to not only draw the sections of the studding together upon relative longitudinal movement thereof, but to clamp the adjacent edges of the building units in place and to draw the units toward each other as the aforesaid movement occurs.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective, sectional fragmentary view of a building unit made in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is enlarged fragmentary longitudinal sectional view through a portion of the sectional studding at the interlocking elements thereof;
  • Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on line III--III of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the The parts of sectional buildings which com-'- prise the walls, floors, ceilings and partitions thereof, are desirably formed, to permit shipping in flat condition to the point of erection, It; is further desirable to provide sectional buildings with parts that serveas the main elements of the building and that are rugged in construction and durable in character. I
  • Building units broadly designated by the numeral Ill are fabricated at the factoryfrom sheets of material l2 substantially four by eight feet in size around the marginal edges whereof is disposed a frame M, the stretches whereof are designed as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3.
  • Sheets l2 are preferably set into frame I4 as illustrated, and the outer face of frame M has a bead l6 integral therewith and dove-tail in transverse cross section.
  • This dove-tail form presents a downwardly and inwardly inclined shoulder 18 along each longitudinal edge of head [6 and a shoulder 20 that lies in a plane perpendicular to the major plane of unit l0.
  • beads l6 are opposed and spaced apart as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • sections 22 combine to form a load bearing studdlng serving not only the purpose of supporting a load but that of locking together the adjacent edges of units ID.
  • the inner faces of sections '22 are contoured as illustrated in Fig. 3, to be complementary with the contour of that part of frame I4 which is to be engaged.
  • Inclined shoulders 24 are disposed to engage shoulders l8 of frame l4 and the longitudinal edges 26 of sections 22 are spaced slightly from shoulders 20 to receive caulking compound or the like, not here shown. Any sealing mastic may be used between shoulders 20 and 26 to preclude weathering of the parts between the outer faces of the wall as a whole.
  • a pair of beads 28 extend longitudinally along the inner face of each section 22, parallel with each inclined shoulder 24 and one side of these beads 28 lies against the outer face 30 of dove-tail bead l6.
  • Interlocking elements 32 on each section 22 are designed as shown in Fig. 2.
  • Each element 32 is in the form of an undercut finger disposed longitudinally of the section 22, of which it is a part, and the frictionally engageable, inclined faces 34 of each element 32 approaches the inner face of its section 22 as its base is neared.
  • longitudinal movement of sections 22 in one direction will draw the parts above described together in a rigid, interlocked condition.
  • Relative longitudinal movement of sections 22 in the opposite direction will cause fingers 32 to leave the overlapped position and allow complete disassociation .of the sections 22, as illustrated in dotted lines of Fig. 1.
  • These sections 22 combined to form a studding capable of supporting a tremendous load for the frame I4 of each adjacent unit l cooperates at the zone of juncture to likewise present a vertical column. 1
  • Fingers 32 lie between the edges of proxima units In and between sections 22. When the fingers are in tight engagement, the inclined shoulders i8 and 24 are drawn together with fingers 32 therebetween but in spaced relation to faces where the locking function will not receive interference.
  • All parts of the members above described and illustrated may be made of woodand constructed at a mill from where the entire sectional building may be shipped to the point of use. Positioning of ,the joint structure in a vertical or horizontal plane, or at an angle to either, will not affect its efiiciency. The parts may be compactly loaded, for transportation.
  • a plurality of units arranged in edge-to-edge relation to form a wall; longitudinal beads on the abutting edges of the units, said beads being dove-tail in trans verse, crosssectionj apair of spaced-apart studs at the adjacent edges of the units, said studs each being contoured along their inner faces to be complementary in form to the beads; and interlocking elements confined between the said studs and the beads of the adjacent units for drawing the said studs together and into clamping rela- 4 tion with the said beads comprising overlapping fingers integral with each of said studs and arranged in pairs on the inner faces thereof, said fingers having inclined, engageable surfaces the engageable surfaces of the fingers on one stud being inclined downwardly and away from the stud and the engageable surfaces of the.
  • said contour of the inner faces of the studs including a pair of spaced longitudinal ribs, said fingers extending from the studs between said ribs, said ribs being interposed between the fingers and proximal faces of the beads for holding the fingers in alignment when the studs are shifted the ribs engaging the fingers and beads.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Description

Nov. 9, 1948. R. L. HADEN INTERLOCKING BUILDING UNITS Filed July 21,- 1944 lllll Alli-I1 {I In: huuHH.
INVENTOR. Fay/270x74 A. (/ddQ/y g Asia/ya Patented Nov. 9, 1948 2,453,221 INTERLOCKING BUILDING UNITS Raymond L. Haden, Kansas'City, Mo., assignor,
by direct and mesne assignments, of one-half V to Emile S. Guignon, Jr., Kansas City, Mo., and one-half to Albert R. Jones, Mission Hills, Kans.
Application July 21, 1944,.Serial No. 545,942
1 Claim.
This invention relates to portable building structures of the character employing a plurality of units held together by parts of the building hearing some of the load thereof, and capable of assembly and disassembly for shipment or removal from place-to-place.
One of the important objects of the instant invention is to provide building structure of the portable type with novel, unique and durable means for securing together the planar buildingunits to create a wall or the like and to cause the interlocking partsto perform the function of one of the main building components after the same have been moved into operative relation to the units.
This invention has for a further object to providea building structure comprising a plurality of planar units arranged .in edge-to-edge relation with a, sectional studding or the like at the adjacent edges of the units to serve as a load bearing part of the building as well as means for maintaining the edges of the units in alignment and in place as a part of the building wall.
Other objects of the invention include the specific manner of forming adjoining edges of building units; the way of employing a sectional studding to serve as means for holding the units together; and the way in which the adjoining edges of the building units and the associated studding sections are contoured to be complementary with each other and thereby function without specially designed interlocking fingers to not only draw the sections of the studding together upon relative longitudinal movement thereof, but to clamp the adjacent edges of the building units in place and to draw the units toward each other as the aforesaid movement occurs.
Other objects of the invention, including the manner in which the component parts of the assembly contemplated cooperate to provide a rigid and desirable structure will appear-during the course of the following specification, referring to the accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a perspective, sectional fragmentary view of a building unit made in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is enlarged fragmentary longitudinal sectional view through a portion of the sectional studding at the interlocking elements thereof; and
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on line III--III of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the The parts of sectional buildings which com-'- prise the walls, floors, ceilings and partitions thereof, are desirably formed, to permit shipping in flat condition to the point of erection, It; is further desirable to provide sectional buildings with parts that serveas the main elements of the building and that are rugged in construction and durable in character. I
Building units broadly designated by the numeral Ill are fabricated at the factoryfrom sheets of material l2 substantially four by eight feet in size around the marginal edges whereof is disposed a frame M, the stretches whereof are designed as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3.
Sheets l2 are preferably set into frame I4 as illustrated, and the outer face of frame M has a bead l6 integral therewith and dove-tail in transverse cross section. This dove-tail form presents a downwardly and inwardly inclined shoulder 18 along each longitudinal edge of head [6 and a shoulder 20 that lies in a plane perpendicular to the major plane of unit l0. When units H) are erected in edge-to-edge relation, beads l6 are opposed and spaced apart as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
When units l0 comprise a building wall, sections 22 combine to form a load bearing studdlng serving not only the purpose of supporting a load but that of locking together the adjacent edges of units ID. The inner faces of sections '22 are contoured as illustrated in Fig. 3, to be complementary with the contour of that part of frame I4 which is to be engaged.
Inclined shoulders 24 are disposed to engage shoulders l8 of frame l4 and the longitudinal edges 26 of sections 22 are spaced slightly from shoulders 20 to receive caulking compound or the like, not here shown. Any sealing mastic may be used between shoulders 20 and 26 to preclude weathering of the parts between the outer faces of the wall as a whole.
A pair of beads 28 extend longitudinally along the inner face of each section 22, parallel with each inclined shoulder 24 and one side of these beads 28 lies against the outer face 30 of dove-tail bead l6.
Interlocking elements 32 on each section 22 are designed as shown in Fig. 2. Each element 32 is in the form of an undercut finger disposed longitudinally of the section 22, of which it is a part, and the frictionally engageable, inclined faces 34 of each element 32 approaches the inner face of its section 22 as its base is neared. Thus, longitudinal movement of sections 22 in one direction will draw the parts above described together in a rigid, interlocked condition. Relative longitudinal movement of sections 22 in the opposite direction will cause fingers 32 to leave the overlapped position and allow complete disassociation .of the sections 22, as illustrated in dotted lines of Fig. 1. These sections 22 combined to form a studding capable of supporting a tremendous load for the frame I4 of each adjacent unit l cooperates at the zone of juncture to likewise present a vertical column. 1
Fingers 32 lie between the edges of proxima units In and between sections 22. When the fingers are in tight engagement, the inclined shoulders i8 and 24 are drawn together with fingers 32 therebetween but in spaced relation to faces where the locking function will not receive interference.
All parts of the members above described and illustrated may be made of woodand constructed at a mill from where the entire sectional building may be shipped to the point of use. Positioning of ,the joint structure in a vertical or horizontal plane, or at an angle to either, will not affect its efiiciency. The parts may be compactly loaded, for transportation.
.Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new. and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:
In a building structure, a plurality of units arranged in edge-to-edge relation to form a wall; longitudinal beads on the abutting edges of the units, said beads being dove-tail in trans verse, crosssectionj apair of spaced-apart studs at the adjacent edges of the units, said studs each being contoured along their inner faces to be complementary in form to the beads; and interlocking elements confined between the said studs and the beads of the adjacent units for drawing the said studs together and into clamping rela- 4 tion with the said beads comprising overlapping fingers integral with each of said studs and arranged in pairs on the inner faces thereof, said fingers having inclined, engageable surfaces the engageable surfaces of the fingers on one stud being inclined downwardly and away from the stud and the engageable surfaces of the. fingers on the other stud being inclined upwardly and away from the other stud and being movable to and from each other and. to and from the interlocked position upon relative longitudinal shifting of the said studs, said contour of the inner faces of the studs including a pair of spaced longitudinal ribs, said fingers extending from the studs between said ribs, said ribs being interposed between the fingers and proximal faces of the beads for holding the fingers in alignment when the studs are shifted the ribs engaging the fingers and beads.
RAYMOND L. HADE-N.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are. of recordin the file. of this patent: f
UNITED STATES PATENTS.
US545947A 1944-07-21 1944-07-21 Interlocking building units Expired - Lifetime US2453221A (en)

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2622584A (en) * 1948-08-27 1952-12-23 Florence Stove Co Stove construction
US2962133A (en) * 1956-06-11 1960-11-29 Jerome S Kivett Construction unit having marginal interconnecting means
US3117353A (en) * 1960-06-07 1964-01-14 Woodwork Corp Of America Panel mounting means
US3589758A (en) * 1969-06-20 1971-06-29 Harold M King Attachment system for prefabricated units
US3589755A (en) * 1969-06-20 1971-06-29 Harold M King Prefabricated-wall attachment system
US4189884A (en) * 1977-10-28 1980-02-26 Irmo Pecoraro Complex structure obtained from the utilization of particular clamps
US4388790A (en) * 1981-06-29 1983-06-21 Michael Greco Partition and paneling system
US4577448A (en) * 1981-06-17 1986-03-25 The British Picker Company, Ltd. Floors
WO1989007693A1 (en) * 1988-02-09 1989-08-24 Martin Gabler Rectangular prefab units designed to be assembled and joined to other prefab units to form walls, ceilings and floors of modular rooms and device for assembling these walls with ceilings and floors
US6493995B2 (en) * 2000-08-21 2002-12-17 Mckenzie Alexander L. Modular exhibit panel and locking system
FR2865510A1 (en) * 2004-01-26 2005-07-29 Mobimur REVERSIBLE SOLIDARIZATION ELEMENT, PANELS AND STORAGE HAVING SUCH ELEMENTS
US20060016151A1 (en) * 2004-07-21 2006-01-26 Quantum Linkage Sdn Bhd Modular framing system and a method of construction thereof
US20070245654A1 (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-25 Seamless Abutment Solutions Abutment member
US20130167458A1 (en) * 2010-01-22 2013-07-04 Ronald N. Cerny Modular flooring system
US20130263554A1 (en) * 2010-12-16 2013-10-10 Verhaeghe Chalets & Sauna Nv Wall assembly
WO2016148628A1 (en) * 2015-03-18 2016-09-22 Anders Rensmo Modular illuminated sign and method of assembling said illuminated sign
US10731329B1 (en) * 2018-11-28 2020-08-04 Airbnb, Inc. Reusable modular housing system
US20230160195A1 (en) * 2023-01-23 2023-05-25 Nan Ya Plastics Corporation Collapsable living compartment

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190709223A (en) * 1907-04-20 1907-09-26 Henry Arthur Beckwith Improvements in the Construction of Portable Buildings.
US1228317A (en) * 1916-07-07 1917-05-29 Alphonse Gravel Portable house.
US1231289A (en) * 1916-09-11 1917-06-26 Otho M Otte Knockdown sheet-metal partition.
US1671113A (en) * 1923-05-22 1928-05-29 Grand Rapids Store Equip Co Partition structure
DE531314C (en) * 1930-07-04 1931-08-08 Ernst Rockhausen Soehne Panel-shaped wooden body, consisting of a frame with plywood cover panels
US2331752A (en) * 1941-09-23 1943-10-12 Charles R Wilson Prefabricated building construction
US2347049A (en) * 1942-08-19 1944-04-18 Curtis Companies Inc Structural joint
US2394443A (en) * 1942-11-09 1946-02-05 Jr Emile S Guignon Plural-unit portable building
US2414060A (en) * 1943-12-08 1947-01-07 Anchorage Homes Inc Interlocking wedge joint for securing together prefabricated building panels

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190709223A (en) * 1907-04-20 1907-09-26 Henry Arthur Beckwith Improvements in the Construction of Portable Buildings.
US1228317A (en) * 1916-07-07 1917-05-29 Alphonse Gravel Portable house.
US1231289A (en) * 1916-09-11 1917-06-26 Otho M Otte Knockdown sheet-metal partition.
US1671113A (en) * 1923-05-22 1928-05-29 Grand Rapids Store Equip Co Partition structure
DE531314C (en) * 1930-07-04 1931-08-08 Ernst Rockhausen Soehne Panel-shaped wooden body, consisting of a frame with plywood cover panels
US2331752A (en) * 1941-09-23 1943-10-12 Charles R Wilson Prefabricated building construction
US2347049A (en) * 1942-08-19 1944-04-18 Curtis Companies Inc Structural joint
US2394443A (en) * 1942-11-09 1946-02-05 Jr Emile S Guignon Plural-unit portable building
US2414060A (en) * 1943-12-08 1947-01-07 Anchorage Homes Inc Interlocking wedge joint for securing together prefabricated building panels

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2622584A (en) * 1948-08-27 1952-12-23 Florence Stove Co Stove construction
US2962133A (en) * 1956-06-11 1960-11-29 Jerome S Kivett Construction unit having marginal interconnecting means
US3117353A (en) * 1960-06-07 1964-01-14 Woodwork Corp Of America Panel mounting means
US3589758A (en) * 1969-06-20 1971-06-29 Harold M King Attachment system for prefabricated units
US3589755A (en) * 1969-06-20 1971-06-29 Harold M King Prefabricated-wall attachment system
US4189884A (en) * 1977-10-28 1980-02-26 Irmo Pecoraro Complex structure obtained from the utilization of particular clamps
US4577448A (en) * 1981-06-17 1986-03-25 The British Picker Company, Ltd. Floors
US4388790A (en) * 1981-06-29 1983-06-21 Michael Greco Partition and paneling system
WO1989007693A1 (en) * 1988-02-09 1989-08-24 Martin Gabler Rectangular prefab units designed to be assembled and joined to other prefab units to form walls, ceilings and floors of modular rooms and device for assembling these walls with ceilings and floors
US6493995B2 (en) * 2000-08-21 2002-12-17 Mckenzie Alexander L. Modular exhibit panel and locking system
FR2865510A1 (en) * 2004-01-26 2005-07-29 Mobimur REVERSIBLE SOLIDARIZATION ELEMENT, PANELS AND STORAGE HAVING SUCH ELEMENTS
US20060016151A1 (en) * 2004-07-21 2006-01-26 Quantum Linkage Sdn Bhd Modular framing system and a method of construction thereof
US7418805B2 (en) * 2004-07-21 2008-09-02 Quantum Linkage Sdn Bhd Modular framing system and a method of construction thereof
US20070245654A1 (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-25 Seamless Abutment Solutions Abutment member
US8117791B2 (en) 2006-04-10 2012-02-21 Tony Baccarini Abutment member
US20130167458A1 (en) * 2010-01-22 2013-07-04 Ronald N. Cerny Modular flooring system
US8881482B2 (en) * 2010-01-22 2014-11-11 Connor Sport Court International, Llc Modular flooring system
US20130263554A1 (en) * 2010-12-16 2013-10-10 Verhaeghe Chalets & Sauna Nv Wall assembly
US8789325B2 (en) * 2010-12-16 2014-07-29 Verhaeghe Chalets & Sauna Nv Wall assembly for wooden structures
WO2016148628A1 (en) * 2015-03-18 2016-09-22 Anders Rensmo Modular illuminated sign and method of assembling said illuminated sign
US10731329B1 (en) * 2018-11-28 2020-08-04 Airbnb, Inc. Reusable modular housing system
US20230160195A1 (en) * 2023-01-23 2023-05-25 Nan Ya Plastics Corporation Collapsable living compartment
US12000136B2 (en) * 2023-01-23 2024-06-04 Nan Ya Plastics Corporation Foldable living compartment

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