US2451013A

US2451013A - Apparatus for controlling selective delivery of fluid from a continuous delivery source to a fluiddriven motor

Info

Publication number: US2451013A
Application number: US605706A
Authority: US
Inventors: Joseph F Ziskal; William O Bechman
Original assignee: International Harverster Corp
Current assignee: Navistar Inc
Priority date: 1945-07-18
Filing date: 1945-07-18
Publication date: 1948-10-12
Anticipated expiration: 1965-10-12

Description

J. F. ZISKAL Err-AL. ,SLOEE FLUID FROM -DRIVEN MOTOR 2 Shasta-Sheet l A CONTINUOUS DELIVERY SOURCE TO A FLUID (foam/ Tzis' APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING SELECTIVE DELIVERY OF Filed July 18, 1945 J. F. ZISKAL ETAL 'A5LM APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING SELECTIVE DELIVERY OF FLUID FROM 7 A CONTINUOUS DELIVERY SOURCE TO A FLUID-DRIV EN MOTOR Filed July 18, 1945 2 Sheets-Sham. 2

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Patented Oct. 12, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING SELEC- TIVE DEDIVERY OF FLUID FROM A CON- TINUOUS DELIVERY SOURCE TO A FLUID- DRIVEN MOTOR Joseph F. Ziskal, Cicero, and William 0. Bechman, Chicago, Ill., assignors to International .Harvester Company, a corporation oi New Jersey Application July 18, 1945, Serial No. 805.708

6 Claims. (Cl. 60 -52) pump delivers fluid and for determining which end oi the motor cylinder i I receives the fluid and which end exhausts fluid-is in theiorm a settable valve structure it in the upper left-hand portion of Figure 1.

The assembled valve structure i8 comprises relatively movable parts I4 and i5 of which the former is a sleeve-like member iournaled upon its outer cylindrical periphery within a casing i8. A sealing contact exists between the outer periphery of the rotatable sleeve i4 and the inner motor-actuating fluid conditionable to deliver at relatively high and low pressures, of fluid-energized control means including valves selectively operable to direct the source output, and fluid motor means for selectively incurring'operation of said valves concurrently with incurring conditioning of said source for high pressure and for incurring conditioning of said source for low pressure when none of the valves is operated.

A further contemplation and object of this invention is the provision in said fluid-energized control means of settable valve means having a portion manually settable in opposite directions from a neutral position relatively to a mechanically movable portion to cause operation of the valves to direct the fluid into a motor for causing corresponding directional operation thereof, and an operative drive connection between the motor and the mechanically movable valve portion for moving the same to reestablish said neutral position when the motor operates an amount and direction correlated with the amount and direction of setting of the manually settable portion.

A more thorough understanding of the invention and of the above and ancillary objects thereof can be had from the following description and the annexed drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a view partly diagrammatic illustrating a hydraulic power transmission system having-a preferred form of the invention-embodied therein.

Figure 2 is a side elevational view of a settable valve structure illustrated in the upper left-hand portion of Figure 1. v I

Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 are respective sectional periphery of the casing it in contact therewith. A pair oidiametrically opposite ports I1 and is of circumferential extent, illustrated in Figure 3, are formed in an upper portion oi! the sleeve it.

Grooves i9 and 2i extendingcircumierentially oi the sleeve from the ports I! and I! are arranged diametrically opposite for contributing to a balance of fluid pressure between this sleeve and the casing to alleviate any tendency for disalinement or binding of the sleeve upon the casing when rotated relatively thereto. A second pair of diametrically opposite ports, 22 and 28, shownin Figure 4, are formed in the sleeve i4 below the ports I! and is. A third set of ports at a section below the ports 22 and 28 are designated 3i--32, 33-34, 35-50 and 81-88. At the inner periphery of the sleeve N the paired ports l li8, 22-23, 24-25 and 28-21, respectively, cooperate with channels H, 42, 43 and 44 bridging the rotatable core l5. The outer periphery oi the core i5 has a slidable sealing contact with the inner periphery of the sleeve l4. Rotation oi! the core views taken transversely on the settable valve trol for determining the pressure at which the i5 is had by means of a handle 45. Rotation of the sleeve l4 isefiected mechanically through a linkage comprising an arm 46 connected with the lower end of said sleeve and constrained for rotation therewith and a link 41 connecting an end of this arm with the outer end of a piston rod 48 of the piston or work member iii of the motor M. Fluid is delivered to the motor M through a fluid conducting passage 49.- This passage connects with one end of the cylinder -il through an inlet passage XI and connects with the opposite .end of the cylinder through an inlet passage X2. Inlet passage Xi has an admittance valve X3 in series therewith and also a check valve X4. Passage XZ- has an admittance valve X5 and a check valve X6. Exhaust passages X1 and X8 having exhaust valves X9 and 5i therein are communicative with opposite ends of the cylinder through 3 portions of the inlet passages XI and X2. Exhaust passages X1 and X8 are confluent with a passage 52 which leads to the reservoir. The associated valves X3, X4 and X9 control the admittance, exhaust and entrapment of fluid in the left end of the motor cylinder, while the associated valves X5, X6 and t control the admittance, exhaust and entrapment of fluid in the opposite end of said cylinder.

Fluid motor units 53 and 54 operate the admittance valves X3 and X5, whereas fluid motor units 55 and 56 operate the exhaust valves X9 and 5i. Each of these motor units comprises a cylinder CY containing a piston PI from which a valve operating system STextends downwardly for unseating the ball B of its associated normally closed valve. Branches of a conduit 51 are connected with the cylinders of motor units 53 and 56 for subjecting these motor units to a different status of fluid pressure to respectively incur the open position of the valves controlled thereby and their closed position. Branches of a conduit 55 are connected with motor units 54 and 55 to likewise subject these motor units to different pressures of operating fluid for incurring the same result.

With the parts in the condition illustrated in Figure 1, fluid discharged from the source P passes upwardly through a conduit 59, past a bypass-valve having a valve seat GI and a member 52 projectible into the seat for closing such valve. While the valve 6|62 is open, as shown, the fluid enters the reservoir R at low pressure through a by-pass passage 63 and the passage 64. 'Some of the fluid diverts from the passage 55 through a fluid receiving passage 65 having a restricted flow capacity section 56. Said fluid receiving passage has serially arranged openings in valve seats 61 and 68 which are adapted to be closed by cooperative valve members 69 and 1i. When the valve members 69 and ii are elevated from their valve seats, as shown in Figure 1, fluid introduced into the fluid receiving passage 65 escapes at low pressure through the conduit 64 into the reservoir. have pistons 12 and 15 upon their upper ends comprising the movable elements of fluid motor units 14 and 15. The lower ends in these motor units are communicative with the source through conduits 16 and 11, whereby fluid acting upon the lower ends of the pistons 12 and 13 can maintain these pistons at their upper limits of movement and thereby maintain the control valves 61-59 and 65-1l open.

The flow rate from the fluid receiving passage 55 through the open control valves 61-59 and 55-" exceeds the flow capacity or the passage restricted section 65, so that insumcient pressure of the fluid can build up in the passage 65 for forcing the fluid upwardly through a passage 15 into a chamber 19, in which the by-pass valve member 52 slides, for supplementing a spring 5i in closing theby-pass valve. However, upon the closing of either of the control valves 61-69 or 55-11, the pressure in the fluid receiving passage 55 will be increased with the eflect of closing the bypass valve and thereby conditioning the source P to deliver fluid at high pressure. v

The relatively movable parts l4 and 15 of the assembled valvestructure ii are illustrated in .thelr neutral position in Figures 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6.

the motor piston I to the left, whereas relative movement of the core i5 clockwise from the neu; tral position, will incur movement of the motor piston to the right. Considering flrst the condition prevailing when the core and sleeve are in their neutral position, illustrated in Figures 3 to 6, each of the two core passages 4i and 44 register at their ends with the ports l1-l8 and 26--21. Ports l1|5 communicate through casing ports 3i and 32 with a branch of the conduit 55 and a branch of a conduit 55 which leads to the reservoir. Sleeve ports 26 and 21 comm'unicate through their extensions 28 and 28 and valve casing ports 38 and 31 with a branch of the conduit 51 and a branch of said conduit 85. Concurrently, the diametric channels 42 and 43 in the rotatable core l5 are blocked at their ends by the rotatable sleeve 15 are also thus permitted to move upwardly Valve members 68 and 11 under the influence of fluid received through the conduits 46 and 15 to exhaust any fluid in these units into the conduits 51 and 55.

When the core I5 is rotated counterclockwise, as viewed in Figures 3 to 6, the core passages and 44 do not change their status of connection. In Figure 5 it can be seen that the passage 45 will remain sealed at its ends by the body of the sleeve [4, whereas, in Figure 6 it can be be seen that the passage 44 will remain in registry with the ports 26 and 21. Therefore the fluid motor means consisting oi the fluid motor units 53, and 15, connected with the passage 51. will remain connected with the exhaust.

'Valves X3 and 5| will remain closed and the control valve 61-69'will remain open. Such counterclockwise rotation of the core is will, however, change the connecting status of the core channels 4! and 42 comprising part of a settable valve means which controls the fluid motor means consisting of the fluid motor units 55, 54 and 14. In Figure 3 it can be seen that said counterclockwise rotation of the core I5 will carry the ends of the channel 4i into seating relation with the body i4 and terminate the exhaust condition-for the motor units 55, 54 and 14. Such counterclockwise rotation of the core,

.as seen in Figure 4, will establish the core channel 42 in communicative relation with the ports at its opposite ends and hence with the conduits 49 and 55. Thereupon, fluid from the source will reach the conduit 55 through the conduit 45 and will force the pistons of the motors 55. 54 and 14 downwardl to concurrently open the valves X5 and X5 and close the control valve 55-1 I.

This closing of the control valve 55-1i blocks escape of the fluid from the fluid receiving passage 55, wherefore, this fluid builds up suflicient pressure beneath the by-pass valve member 52 in the chamber 15 to seat this valve member at 6!. In this manner the source P of actuating fluid is conditioned for operation at high pressure and the fluid flowing from the source through the passage 45 enters the inlet passage X2 where it flows past the then opened admittance valve X5 and the check valve X5 into the right end of the motor cylinder. Since the exhaust valve X5 8 is now open, the fluid. entering .the right end of the motorcylinder can force the piston I8 to the left. while the latter exhausts fluid from the left end of the cylinder past the exhaust valve X8 and.into the reservoir through the passage 82. Pursuant to movement of the'piston or work member to the left, the connection 41-48 betweenthe piston rod 48 and the valve structure sleeve I4 eflects rotation of this sleeve counterclockwise. After the motor M is operated an amount correlated with the amount of setting of the core I8 in the counterclockwise direction, the motor-driven sleeve I4 will reestablish its neutral position with respect to said core, re placing the sleeve and core in the relative positions illustrated in Figures 3 to 8. Thereupon the motor units 88. 84, and 14 will be reconnected with the low pressure side of this system through the core passage 4i and disconnected from the high pressure side of this system by the cutting oil of this connection through the core passage 42. This changing pressure status upon the motor units 88, 84 and 14 incurs closing of the exhaust valve X8. of the admittance valve X8 and opening of the control valve 88-", asexplained above. v

Should the settable valve structure core I! be rotated clockwise from the neutral setting, 11'- lustrated in Figures 3 to 6, the connecting status of the channels and '42 of the settable valve of the core I8 will, however, change the communiished pressure status and thereby incur closing of the valves X8 and 8| and opening of the control valve 81-88. g

While the fluid motor unit 18 is being subjected to the pressure fluid from the\source through the conduit 81 and also through the conduit 18, the same unit pressure will be applied to the upper and lower sides of thepiston 13 of this motor unit.. However. since a large diameter portion 8| projects downwardly from the lower end of the piston into a chamber 82, the area at the lower end of the piston subjected to said u-nit pressure will be less than the corresponding area atthe upper end of the piston, so that the piston is forced downwardly for flrmly closing the control valve 81-88. A low pressure condition in the motor chamber 82 is assured by a drainage channel 88 which is communicative with. the reservoir through the passage 84. The arrangement for and functioning oi the motor unit 14 is as just described for the motor 18.

A pressure relief valve 84 is formed within the by-pass valve member 82. Said member 82 is provided with an axial bore 88 leading to a spring chamber 88 therein. Bore 88 slidably receives a headed pressure relief valve member 81 of which the head is disposed within the chamber 88 and urged upwardly by a spring 88. Should the pressure within the passage 88 become excessive. while the by-pass valve member 82 is retained upon its seat 8!, this pressure acting upon the upper end of the slidable relief valve member 81 will force this member downwardly against the force of spring 88 to establish connection between the upper end portion of the bore 88 and laterally extending bores 88 to permit escape of the fluid into the by-pass passage 63. F'luidthat may leak past the member 81 into the spring the low pressure side of the system through the conduit 88. When the core channel 44 terminates its connection between the ports 28 and 21, the clockwise rotated core will place its channel 48 communicatively between the sleeve ports 24 and 28. The status then prevails in which the channel 81 is cut off from communication with the low pressure side of the system and connected with the fluid source through the conduit 48. Thereupon the motor units 83, 88 and 18 will be subjected to an increased pressure status for opening the 'valves X8 and BI and closing the control valve 61-88. Such closing of the control valve 81-88 has the same eii'ect, described above, of closing the control valve 881I for conditioning the source to deliver fluid at high pressure. Fluid at high pressure enters the motor inlet passage XI from the conduit 48 and flows past the open admittance valve X8 and the check valve X4 into the left end of the motor cylinder. Pursuant to the resulting movement of the motor piston to the right, fluid displaced from the right end of the motor cylinder is exhausted past the then opened exhaust valve 8i and through the exhaust channel 82 into the reservoir. When the motor piston has moved an amount correlated with the clockwise setting piston rod 48 and the rotatable sleeve l4 will reestablish the relative neutral position of the core and sleeve, illustrated in Figure 3, disconnecting the conduit 81 from the conduit 48 and reconof the valve core l8. the connection between the iect the fluid motor means 88-88-18 a diminchamber 88 can escape into the by-pass passage through a drainage passage I88.

In a modified form of control system, shown in Figure '1, for conditioning the source of fluid to operate at relatively high and low pressures, a fluid motor unit I8I, is normally energized for holding the ball N2 of a by-pass valve I81 unseated and the valve opened to create the low pressure operating condition. To simplify the description of the apparatus shown in Figure '1, those parts identical with or corresponding to parts in Figure l, have been illustrated by the same reference characters with the addition of a prime. Control valves I84 and I88 are closed during low pressure operation. When these valves are so closed, pressure is caused to build up in the fluid receiving passage 88' for forcing the piston I88 of the fluid motor I8I upwardly to hold the biased valve ball I82 unseated. Energization of the motor units 14' and 18' by the pressure of fluid received through the conduits 88' and 81' will force the pistons of these motors downwardly for unseating the balls oftheir associated valves I84 and H18. When either of the motors 14' and 18' is energized for opening its associated control valve, fluid can escape from the fluid receiving passage 88', lowering the pressure therein because of the restricted section 88' therein and permitting the spring I81 to seat the by-pass valve ball I82. The most significant difference in the system shown in Figure 7, and that corresponding thereto in Figure 1, is the employment of the normally closed control valves I84 and I88 in a parallel arrangement, instead of the normally open control valves 81-88 and Iii-1| disclosed in series. Entailed in this difference ofthe two systems is the fluid pressure energization of the by-pass valve control motor IOI for maintaining the by-pass valve open in the Figure 7 embodiment in contrast to the accumulation of fluid pressure in the chamber II of Figure 1 for closing the by-pass valve 6 l-BI.

Having described a limited number of embodiments of the invention with the view of clearly illustrating the same, we claim:

1. In apparatus for controlling delivery of fluid from a continuous delivery source to a fluiddriven motor for operating the same, a fluid delivery passage for communication between the source and said motor, a by-pass passage communicatfve with said source for by-passing the fluid therefrom about the fluid delivery passage, a pressure responsive by-pass valve in control of the flow of fluid through the by-pass passage, a fluid receiving passage communicative with said source to receive fluid therefrom and having a discharge opening which is ciosable to cause accumulation of fluid in such fluid receiving passage and an increase in pressure of the accumulated fluid, said discharge opening being openable to allow escape of the accumulated fluid and diminution of its pressure, said by-pass valve being subjectable to the pressure of fluid in the fluid receiving passage and being operable to close the by-pass passage when subjected to the pressure of the accumulated fluid and operable to open the by-pass passage when subjected to the diminished pressure of the escaping fluid, a fluid actuated control valve for said discharge opening and operable when subjected to pressure in one range to incur closing of such opening and operable when subjected to pressure in another range to incur opening of such opening, a control passage communicative between said source and said fluid actuated valve, settable valve means connected with said control passage and settable to utilize the pressure of fluid at said source in selectively subjecting the fluid actuated control valve to pressure in said ranges, a second settable valve means which is interposed between the delivery passage and said motor and means for coordinately setting said settable valve means to subject said fluid actuated control valve to pressure in the one range to cause closing of the by-pass valve attendant to communicatively connecting the delivery passage with the motor and to subject the fluid actuated control valve to the other pressure range to cause the open condition of the by-pass valve attendant to terminating the communicative connection of the delivery passage with said motor.

2. In apparatus for controlling delivery of fluid from a continuous delivery source to a fluiddriven motor for driving the same, a fluid delivery passage for communication between the source and said motor, a by-pass passage communicative with said source for by-passing the fluid therefrom about the fluid delivery passage a pressure responsive by-pass valve in control of the flow of fluid through the by-pass passage, a fluid receiving passage communicative with said source to receive fluid therefrom and having a discharge opening which is ciosable to cause accumulation when subjected to pressure in another range to incur opening of such opening, a control passage communicative between said source and said fluid actuated valve, settable valve means connected with said control passage and settable to utilize the pressure of fluid at said source in'selectively subjecting the fluid actuated control valve topressure in said ranges, a second settable valve means which is interposed between the delivery passage and said motor, and means for coordinately setting said settable valve means to subjectsaid fluid actuated control valve to pressure in the range incurring the relative pressure in said receiving passage for closing of the by-pass valve attendant to communicatively connectingthe delivery passage with the said motor and to subject the fluid actuated control valve-to the pressure range incurring the relative pressure in said receiving passage for opening of the by-pass valve attendant to terminating the connection of the delivery passage with th said motor.

3. In apparatus for controlling delivery of actuating fluid to a fluid-actuated device from a constant delivery'sourceconditionable for relatively high and low pressure operation and for controlling exhaust of the fluid from the device; an inlet passage communicative between said source and said device, an admittance valve in said passage and selectively ciosable or openable to respectively block the admittance of fluid to the device through said passage or terminate its blocking function; an outlet passage communicative with said device; an exhaust valve in said outlet passage and selectively ciosable or openable to respectively block the exhaust of fluid from the device through such outlet passage or terminate its blocking function, fluid motor means operable when subjected to one status of fluid pressure to incur opening of said admittance valve and while incurring conditioning of said source for high pressure delivery and operable when subjected to another status of fluid pressure to incur closin of said admittance valve while incurring conditioning of said source for low pressure operation, additional fluid motor means operable when subjected to one status of fluid pressure to incur opening of the exhaust valve and operable when subjected to another status of fluid pressure to incur closing of the exhaust valve, and settable valve means communicatively interposed between said source and each of said motor means to utilize the pressure of fluid at said source in subjecting the motor means to diiIerent fluid pressure statuses, said settable valve means being settable from a neutral position wherein each of said motor means is subjected to fluid pressure at its other status to positions selectively creating the one status of pressure subjection of said motor means.

4. In apparatus for controlling delivery of actuating fluid to a fluid-actuated device from a con stant delivery source conditionable [oi-relatively high and low pressure operation and for controlling exhaust of the fluid from the device; an inlet passage communicative between said source and said device; an admittance valve comprising a seat surrounding a section of such passage and a member normally yieldably seated in the downstream direction upon said seat for closing said passage; an outlet passage communicative with '9 said device; an exhaust valve comprising aseat surrounding a section of such outlet passage and a member normally yieldably seated in the downstream direction on such seat for closing the outfluid pressure to incur seating of the exhaust valve member, and settable valve means communicatively interposed between said source and each of said motor mean to utilize the pressure of fluid at said source in subjecting the motor means to different fluid pressure statuses, said settable valve means being settable from a neutral position wherein each of said motor means is subjected to fluid pressure at its other status to positions selectively creating the one status of pressure subjection of said motor means.

5. In apparatus for controlling selective delivery of actuating fluid to different portions of a reversibly operable motor from a constant delivery source conditionable to operate at relatively high and low pressures and for controlling exhaust of the fluid from each of said motor portions coordinately with fluid delivery to the other of such portions; inlet passages communicative between said source and said motor portions, admittance valves in said inlet passages, outlet passages communicative with said motor portions,

exhaust valves in said outlet passages and respectively associated with the admittance valves in the inlet passages communicating with the corresponding motor portions, fluid motorv means operable when subjected to one status of fluid pressure to open one of said admittance valves concurrently with opening the exhaust valve unassociated therewith and concurrently with conditioning said source for high pressure operation, said fluid motor means being operable when subjected to another status of fluid pressure to incur closing of said one admittance valve and of its unassociated exhaust valve and resumption of low pressure operation of the fluid source, a second fluid motor -means operable when subjected to one status of fluid pressure to open the other of said admittance valves concurrently with opening the other exhaust valve and conditioning said source for high pressure operation, the second fluid motor means being operable when subjected to another status admittance and exhaust valves and resumption of low pressure operationof the fluid source, and

of fluid pressure to incur closing of said other 6. In apparatus for' controlling selective delivery and exhaust of actuating fluid to and from different portions of a motor to cause movement of a work member in respectively opposite directions, the delivery being from a constant delivery source conditionable to operate at relatively high and low pressures; inlet passages communicative between said source and said motor portions, admittance valves in said inlet passages, outlet passages communicative with said motor portions. exhaust valves in said outlet passages and respectively associated with the admittance valves in the inlet passages communicating with the corresponding motor portions, fluid motor means operable when subjected to one status of'fluid pressure to open one of said admittance valves concurrently with opening the exhaust valve unassociated therewith and concurrently with conditioning said source for high pressure operation, said-fluid motor means being operable when subjected to another status of fluid pressure to incur closing of said one admittance valve and of its unassociated exhaust valve and resumption of low pressure operation ofthe fluid source, a second fluid motor means operable when subjected to one status of fluid pressure to open the other of said admittance valves concurrently with opening the other exhaust valve and conditioning said source for high pressure operation, the second fluid motor means being operable when subjected to another status of fluid pressure to incur closing of said other admittance and exhaust valves and resumption of low pressure operation of the fluid source, and settable valve means communicativcly interposed between said source and each of said motor means-to utilize the pressure of fluid at said source in subjecting the motor means to different fluid pressure statuses, said settable valve means comprising relatively movable complemental ported members relatively disposable in a neutral position to subject each of said 'motor means to its said other status of fluid pressure, one of said valve members being settable in opposite directions from the neutral position to alternatlvely subject said motor means to their said one status of fluid pressure to incur movement of the work member in corresponding opposite directions, and said work member being operatively connected with the other of said relatively movable portedmembers to move the same therewith to reestablish said neutral position when the work member has moved an amount and direction correlated with the amount and direction of movement of the one valve member.

JOSEPH F. ZISKAL. wniLmM o. BECHMAN.

REFERENCES crrnp The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date 677,858 Collier July 9, 1901 1,773,794 2,069,540 2,174,965 2,286,880 2,302,663 2,363,235

Sanford Feb. 2, 1937 Burdick Oct. 3, 1939 Traut June 16, 1942 Gampbell Nov. 24, 1942 Ellinwood Nov. 21, 1944 Schneider Aug. 26, 1930