US2450094A - Grip - Google Patents

Description

P 1943- R. 1. SANDERSON I 2,450,094 GRIP I Filed Feb. 23, 1945 Fill-"1-1- mvw Q INVENTOR. B05597 A flax 05550,

Patented Sept. 28, 1948 GRIP Robert I. Sanderson, Gary, Ind, assigno'r to carnegie-Illinois Steel Corporation, a corporation of New Jersey Application February 23, 1945, Serial No. 579,455

This invention relates to grips and is particularly concerned with the grips used on tensile testing machines to grip the specimen being pulled, the purpose being to provide a grip having the sturdiness and simplicity of prior art grips but which is comprised of connected parts which cannot completely disassemble to involve the annoyance of the various parts falling in different directionswhen the gripped object is released or the troubles encountered in trying to assemble a number of parts to effect gripping of the object.

A specific example of the invention as it is applied to a tensile testing machine is illustrated by the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical section;

Figure 2 is an end view of a detail;

Figure 3 is a vertical section of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is an elevation of Figures 2 and 3;

Figure 5 is an end view of another detail;

Figure 6 is a partly sectioned elevation of still another detail; J

Figure '7 i an end view of the detail of Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a cross section taken from Figure 1 on the line VIII-VIII; and

Figure .9 is a simulated perspective of a further detail.

More specifically, these usual tension bolts I of the tensile testing machine, to the threaded ends of which it is customary to apply nuts mounting the specimen grips. In the present instance, each nut 2 has the usual flat end from which projects the neck 3 having the enlarged head 4, the latter providing an outwardly extending flange on the neck. The usual arrangement is to provide sleeves or collars having inwardly extending flangesat both ends with the flanges at one end engaging the outwardly extending flanges provided by the head 4 and with the flanges at the other and engaging the ends of the specimen which are cut to provide outwardly extending flanges for this purpose, this sleevefbeing longitudinally split into two halves which are completelyseparable laterally, and provided with a locking sleeve that can he slid over the two halves and which is also completely separable, the result being that when the user desires to ungrip the specimen he usually lets one or more of these completely separable parts fall unless he is unusually dexterous, and assembly of the parts to effect gripping of the specimen is an annoyance because of the necessity for holding all of the parts in proper position at once until the lockin sleeve can be applied drawings show the l 5 Claims. (01. 73-103) In the case "or the present invention, a sleeve 5 is also provided with inwardly extending flanges ll and l for the purpose mentioned, and this sleeve 5 is split longitudinally into two halves that can be laterally separated completely. However, the nut 2, which is in the form of a massive block, has holes '8 extending longitudinally through it in registration with the end of the sleeve 5 at positions adjacent its laterally separable ortions of its sleeve parts at one of its sides, and these portions of the sleeve parts at the end having the flange '6 are provided with recesses 9 forming sockets regist'eringwith the holes 8, and long pivot pins [0 are passed through these holes 8 so that their lower ends extend into the recesses 9 of the sleeve parts, the pins l0 being retained in the holes 8 by having screw-threaded ends I l opposite their ends in the recesses 9 of the sleeve parts with these ends H in screw-threaded engagementwith the holes 8 at their end portions opposite the sleeve. This arrangement provides a means for pivoting the sleeve parts for lateral swinging thereof in lateral sleeve-opening and sleeve-closing directions.

The above provides for interconnecting the sleeve parts with the nut or block 2 but this connection is not complete because the sleeve parts may be swung open so far that the sleeve flange 6 can disengage from the flange provided by the head 4. To prevent this, recesses or partial holes l2 are formed oppositethe holes 8 in the end of the nut or block 2 and the ends of the sleeve parts having the recesses 9 are provided with arcuate grooves l3 concentric with the recesses 9, so that by means of pins I4 slipped into the recesses l2 to work in the grooves l3, a means is provided ior restraining swinging of the sleeve parts in sleeve-opening directions beyond limits causing complete disengagement of the sleeve and block flanges. I

A second sleeve l5 longitudinally slides on the first sleeve 5 when the sleeve parts of the latter are closed, this sleeve I5 functioning to'restrain swinging of the sleeve parts in sleeve-opening directions while it is on the first sleeve, which is the sleeve 5. The outsides of both the block 2 and the sleeve 5 are cylindrical and have the same diameters, so the sleeve I5 is also cylindrical with an inside diameter just sufliciently larger than the outside diameters of the block and sleeve-to permit its sliding, the outside of the block 2 providing an exterior surface which receives this second sleeve [5 so that this sleeve maybe slid completely thereon to permit sleeveopening swinging of the sleeve parts, or the secnd sleeve may be slid over the first sleeve when desired to lock the sleeve parts against sleeveopening swinging.

The outside of the block 2 on which the sleeve I 5 slides is provided with a longitudinally extending groove I 6 terminating in transverse or circumferential grooves I! which extend but partly around the circumference of the nut or block 2, and a pin I8 projects inwardly from the inside of the sleeve I5 so as to ride in the grooves I6 and IT. The sleeve I5 can not only slide longitudinally on the outside of the block 2 but it can turn thereon, the pin I8 cooperating with the groove I 6, which does not extend to the ends of the block 2, to restrain complete disengagement of the sleeve from the block 2 in either direction and hence restraining its complete disengagement from both the block 2 and the sleeve 5 at once, whereby this sleeve can never fall or become misplaced. When in either extreme of its sliding longitudinally of the block and the first sleeve, it may be rotated so that the pin I8 enters one or the other of the comparatively short transverse or circumferential grooves IT and locks the sleeve against longitudinal sliding. That is to say, the sleeve may be locked in a position where it is completely free from the sleeve parts of the sleeve 5 whereby the latter may be swung open, or it may be looked after it is slid onto the sleeve 5 so as to lock the sleeve parts against opening.

The wall thickness and length of the sleeve 5 between its flanges 6 and I are proportioned to provide spaces I9 for receiving the ends of the specimen, marked S in the drawings, and in case the specimen ends are circular and of considerable diameters, it may be necessary to outwardly round the inside swinging corners of the sleeve parts to provide longitudinally extending recesses 20, since these corners might otherwise interfere with such specimen ends when the sleeve parts are swung open so as to throw these corners toward the axis of the sleeve.

It is to be understood that the flanges I, which are opposite the flanges 6, are the ones which engage the specimen ends and that they must be shaped as required for this purpose. If the specimen ends are threaded then the inside edges of these flanges may be threaded, to cite one example of what might be necessary.

Because all the grip parts are interconnected it is not necessary to worry about the weight of the parts, so one of the sleeves 5 may be made adequately long to make the space I9 inside the sleeve long enough to take the usual square end which is clamped by the lathe to rotate the piece from which the specimen is turned, this being of advantage because the specimen identification is usually stamped on this square part and must be restamped on the specimen itself in the case of the usual practice of cutting this.

square end 01f, this involving the danger of error but being necessary with the prior art grips because they must be light enough to handle and so cannot be made large enough for clearance. Since the present grip provides for leaving this end on if desired, the transfer of the identification is made unnecessary.

To use the new grip, the sleeve I5 is slid onto the outside of the block 2 and turned to lock it in place, the sleeve parts are swung open, thespecimen end is positioned for engagement by the flanges I, the sleeve parts are swung closed to effect this engagement, and the sleeve I5 then unlocked, slid down over the sleeve 5 and partially turned to lock it in position. The reverse of all this efiects ungr-ipping of the specimen. In no instance are there any loose parts to test the patience of the operator of the tensile testing machine, and should the specimen be pulled to destruction there are no loose parts to fly around and cause possible injury. At the same time, the entire grip may be very easily disassembled, the pin I8 being screwed through the sleeve I5 so that it may be unscrewed and removed, this permitting the sleeve I5 to be slid completely free from the various parts, and by unscrewing the pins I8 and moving them sufficiently so that their ends disengage from the recesses 9, the

sleeve parts may be completely removed from the flange provided by the head 4 on the neck 3 projecting from the flat end of the nut or block 2. The manner of reassembly constitutes merely a reversall of these steps. The pins I l may be loose- 1y fitted since they cannot get away when the parts are assembled because their ends bear on the ends of the recesses l2 and grooves I3.

I claim:

1. A grip including the combination of a neck, an outwardly extending flange on said neck, a sleeve encircling said neck and said flange, an inwardly extending flange on said sleeve engaging said outwardly extending flange, said sleeve comprising a plurality of laterally separable sleeve parts, means for pivoting said sleeve parts for lateral swinging thereof in laterally sleeve-opening and sleeve-closing directions, means for restraining swing-ing of said sleeve parts in sleeve-opening directions beyond limits causing complete disengagement of said flanges, and means on said sleeve beyond said flanges for gripping an object when said sleeve parts are closed; said combination further including a sleeve longitudinally sliding on the first named sleeve when said sleeve parts are closed and which restrains swinging of said sleeve parts in sleeve-opening directions while on said first sleeve, a surface beyond this second named sleeve and longitudinally registering therewith when said sleeve parts are closed and slidably receiving said second named sleeve when it is slid from said first named sleeve, and means for restraining sliding of said second named sleeve beyond limits causing its sliding completely from both said first named sleeve and said surface; said combination still further including a block with a side exterior providing said surface which receives said second named sleeve and an end from which said neck projects with thisblock having holes extending longitudinally through it in registration with the swinging axes of said sleeve parts, said sleeve parts having recesses in their ends adjacent said block end registering with said holes and their said pivoting means comprising removable pins passed through said holes and projected into said recess, said sleeve part ends having arcuate grooves concentric with their said swinging axes and said means for restraining their swinging comprising pins projecting from said block end into said arcuate grooves, said surface for receiving said second named sleeve having a longitudinal groove terminating with transverse grooves and said means for restraining slidin of said second named sleeve comprising an inwardly projecting pin on said second named sleeve and sliding in said grooves in said surface, said second named sleeve being rotative on said surface.

2. A grip including the combination of a block, a neck projecting from one end of said block, an outwardly extending horizontal flange on said neck, a sleeve encircling said neck and said flange, an inwardly extending horizontal flange on said sleeve engaging said outwardly extending flange, said sleeve comprising a plurality of laterally separable sleeve parts, pivot means substantially parallel to the axis of the sleeve for supporting said sleeve parts for pivoted movement in a plane normal to the sleeve axis, said pivot means bein supported in said block, means forming parts of the sleeve and the block for restraining swinging of said sleeve parts in sleeve-opening direction-s beyond limits causing complete disengagement of said flanges, means on said sleeve beyond said flanges for gripping an object when said sleeve parts are closed, a sleeve longitudinally slidable on the first named sleeve when said sleeve parts are closed and which restrains said sleeve parts in closed position while on said sleeve, a surface on said block for slidably receiving said second sleeve when it is retracted from said first named sleeve, and means for holding said second named sleeve in retracted position on said surface.

3. A grip including the combination of a block, a neck projecting from one end of said block, an outwardly extending flange on said neck, a sleeve encircling said neck and said flange, an inwardly extending flange on said sleeve engaging said outwardly extending flange, said sleeve comprising a plurality of laterally separable sleeve parts, a pin substantially parallel to the axis of the sleeve for supporting each sleeve part for pivoted movement in a plane normal to the sleeve axis, said block having longitudinal openings therein for receiving said pins, the ends of said sleeve parts having arcua-te grooves concentric with their pivot pins, pins projecting from said block into said arcuate grooves for restraining swinging of said sleeve parts in sleeve-opening direction-s beyond limits causing complete disengagement of said flanges, and means on said sleeve beyond said flanges for gripping an object when said sleeve parts are closed.

4. A grip including the combination or a block, a neck projecting from one end of said block, an outwardly extending flange on said neck, a sleeve encircling said neck and said flange, an inwardly extending flange on said sleeve engaging said outwardly extending flange, said sleeve comprising a plurality of laterally separable sleeve parts, pivot means substantially parallel to the axis of the sleeve for supporting said sleeve parts for pivoted movement in a plane normal to the sleeve axis,

said pivot means being supported in said block, the ends of said sleeve parts having arcu-ate grooves concentric with their pivot means, pins projecting from said block into said arcuate grooves for restraining swinging of said sleeve parts in sleeve-opening directions beyond limits causing complete disengagement of said flanges, means on said sleeve beyond said flanges for gripping an object when said sleeve pants are closed, and means for holding the sleeve parts in closed position.

5. A grip including the combination of a neck. an outwardly extending horizontal flange on said neck, a member for supporting said neck, a sleeve encircling said neck and said flange, an inwardly extending horizontal flange on said sleeve engaging said outwardly extending flange, said sleeve comprising a plurality of laterally separable sleeve parts, pivot means mounted in said member substantially parallel to the axis of the sleeve for supporting said sleeve parts for pivoted movement in .a plane normal to the sleeve axis, means forming parts of the sleeve and member for restraining swinging .of said sleeve parts in sleeveopening directions beyond limits causing complete disengagement of said flanges, means on said sleeve beyond said flanges for gripping an object when said sleeve parts are closed, a sleeve longitudinally slidable on the first named sleeve when said sleeve parts are closed and which restrains said sleeve parts in closed position while on said first sleeve, a surface on said member beyond this second named sleeve and longitudinally registering therewith when said sleeve parts are closed and slidably receiving said second named sleeve when it is retracted from said first named sleeve, and means for holding said second named sleeve in retracted position on said surface.

ROBERT I. SANDERSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,725,892 Wilson Aug. 27, 1929 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 320,704 Great Britain Oct. 24, 1929 492,741 Germany Mar. 1-5, 1930

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