US2447047A - Vibrator - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 17, 1948.

VIBRATOR Filed June lO, 1944 JNVEN TOR.

R. J. AUST 2,447,047

Patented Aug. 17, 1948 2,447,047 VIBRATOR Robert J. Aust, Indianapolis, Ind., assignor to P. R. Mallory & Co., Inc., Indianapolis, Ind., a corporation of Delaware Application June 10, 1944, Serial No. 539,651

2 Claims.

The present invention relates to vibrators, and, more particularly, to a vibratory electromagnetic interrupter of novel and improved character.

It is an object of the present invention to provide ya vibrator with a magnetic circuit of increased efficiency.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a vibratory interrupter having a novel structural organization in which' practically al1 ci the magnetic iiux is produced in ferromagnetic materials and in which air gaps are reduced to a minimum whereby a heretofore unobtainable magnetic efliciency is realized.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a vibratory electromagnetic interrupter in which a pair of pole pieces with a small gap therebetween are imparted opposite magnetic polarities whereby a vibratory armature is cleectcd into said gap and across said pole pieces.

It is also within the .contemplation of thel invention to provide a vibratory electromagnetic interrupter in which a pair of serially connected driver coils produce a strong magnetic eld between two spacedly arranged pole pieces, said eld being adapted to cause deilection of the end of a ferromagnetic armature controlling the system of contacts.

The invention also contemplates a vibrator of improved character which is very simple in structure, has a greatly increased magnetic efficiency and which may be readily manufactured and sold on a practical and commercial scale at a low cost.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing; in which Fig. 1 illustrates a side elevational view of a vibrator` embodying the principles of the present invention;

Fig. 2 depicts a sectional view taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows a section taken on line 3--3 of Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram indicating a preferred form of circuit organization employed in connection with the vibrator of the present invention.

While a preferred embodiment of the invention is described herein, it is contemplated that considerable variation may be made in the method together by means of rivets 3l of procedure and the construction of parts without departing from the spirit oi the invention. In the description, and in the claims, parts will be identied by specic names for convenience, but they are intended to be as generic in their application to similar parts as the yart will permit.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawing, reference character l0 denotes a ferromagnetic frame having an elongated longitudinal portion and a pair of transverse extensions Il bent upwards. To the ends of these eX- tensions are Welded at l2 cores or pole pieces I3 having a small gap therebetween. Around cores I3 there are arranged driver coils I4 which upc-n being energized from a source of current establish a strong magnetic iield between the pole pieces.

On the end of frame I 0 away from the coils there is mounted a stack comprising a pair of insulative spacers l5, two side springs I6, a pair of insulative spacers Il, a metal spacer i8, the clamped end I9 of a reed or hinge plate, a pair of insulative spacers 2U, two side springs 2|, an insulative spacer 22, and a metal spacer 23. The stack is held together by means of a bolt 24 and a nut 25, said bolt extending through aligned holes in the several clamped members. These holes 26 have a diameter which is large enough to permit the insertion of insulative bushings 21 around the bolt in order to prevent electrical contact between the bolt and the various metallic elements clamped thereby.

The construction of the vibratory system will be best understood from Fig. 2 from which it will be noted that the reed our hinge plate I9 has one of its ends clamped in the stack and has an elongated tapering f-erromagnetic armature plate 23 secured to its other end. The intermediate portion of the hinge plate is cut out as indicated at 29 in order to increase its compliance while armature plate 28 is of a generally non-compliant character.

To the faces of armature plate 28 there are secured two U-shaped side arms 30, each of which carries a vibratory interrupter contact 32 and a vibratory rectifier contact 33. The side arms, the armature plate, and the hinge plate are secured extending through be noted that the 34 of armature 28 aligned holes therein. It will edges of the terminal portion i in the conventional manner,

are substantially parallel with each other and withI the face of pole pieces I3 and that the said terminal portion extends into the region of the air gap between said pole pieces so that upon the driver coils being energized, the end of the armature plate will be pulled into the gap and across the pole pieces. As it will be best observed in Fig. 3, this structural organization provides a magnetic circuit with a minimum of air gap therein.

vibratory interrupter and rectifier contact-s 32 and 33 are adapted to cooperate with relatively xed interrupter and rectifier contacts 35 and 36, respectively, carried at the ends of stackclamped side springs I6 and 2l in a manner well understood.

The circuit organization of th'e vibrator of the invention will appear from Fig. 4 in which similar reference characters have been used to denote the corresponding parts of the vibrator. It will be noted that fixed interrupter contacts 35 are connected to the ends of primary Winding 40 of step-up transformer 4I and fixed rectier contacts 36 are connected to the en-ds of secondary winding 42 of said transformer. A source of low voltage 43 has its terminals connected between vibratory armature 28 and the center tap of primary winding 42. The two driver coils I4 are connected in series Vand their ends are connected to one of the xed interrupter contacts 35 and armature 28, respectively. The rectified high voltage output is withdrawn at terminals 44 and 45 of which one is connected to the center tap of secondary winding 42 and the other` is connected to the armature. Of course, buffer and filter condensers may be connected in the circuit if desired.

From the foregoing description, the operation of the vibrator of the invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art. Upon the circuit being completed, current will flow from one terminal of low voltage source 43 through the ltwo seria-illy connected |coils I4 and through one half of primary winding 40 back to the other terminal of the source, and will energize the coils. The winding direction and the connections of the coils are so determined that poles of opopsite magnetic polarity will be formed at the ends of pole' pieces I3 and a strong magnetic i'leld will be set up in the gap therebetween. Consequently, the end of the armature plate, 34, wil-l be pulled into the gap into a position in which it will substantially bridge the gap. The accompanying deflection of the armature plate will close the left hand set of interruptr contacts 35 andrectiiier contacts 36. Closing of the said interrupter contacts will shunt coils I4 so that they will be deenergized and the compliance of hinge I9 will return the armature into the opposite direction, past its normal position of rest, mtil the other set of interrupter and rectifier contacts is closed. Thereafter, the driver coils again become controlling and the armature plate will be again deflected into the magnetic gap, etc. It Will be'readily seen that the armature will be maintained in continuous vibratory motion and that duringsuch motion, current from the source will be alternately passed through the two halves of the primary winding. The high voltage alternating pulses induced in the secondary winding 42 will be rectified by the synchronous operation of the rectifier contacts 36 and the rectified high voltage output is withdrawn between terminals 44 and 45 in theconventional manner.

It will be noted that the vibrator of the invention provides a number of important advantages. Thus, first of all, the magnetic circuit of the novel vibrator isa, great deal more eilicient because the length of air gaps in the magnetic circuit is reduced to an absolute minimum. This will be readily appreciated for example from Fig. 3 showing that in the normal position of rest, end 34 of the armature plate is located in close proximity to pole pieces I3. Upon coils I4 being energized, opposite magnetic polarities will be imparted to the ends of the pole pieces and the armature plate will be pulled into the air gap, as indicated in dotted lines, practicallycompletely filling out the gap. Such efliciency of the magnetic circuit was impossible to obtain with conventional vibrator structures.

It is also to be observed that, as shown by experiments, the principles of the invention are excellently adaptable for the construction of high frequency vibrators. Thus, vfrequencies as high as 400 cycles per lsecond have been easily and reliably obtained. It is desirable to choose the mass and the compliances of the' cooperating parts so as to obtain a reasonable degree of synchronous action in order to produce a symmetrical wave form over the voltage range that the unit has to operate. Of course, the principles of the invention are applicable with obvious modifications to the construction of nonsynchronous and driver contact vibrators While the present invention, as to its objects and advantages, has been described heerin as carired out in specific embodiments thereof, it is not desired to be limited thereby but it is intended to cover the invention broadly within the spirit Vand scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A vibratory electromagnetic interrupter comprising a ferromagnetic frame, a stack at one end of said frame, an elongated Vibratile reed mounted in said stack having a tapered armature portion at the free end thereof, pole pieces disposed at the respective sides of said armature portion defining an unobstructed path for vibration of said reed, ferromagnetic means interconnecting said pole pieces to establish a closed magnetic circuit including said pole pieces and said reed, a pair of driver coils mounted, respectively, on said pole pieces, the axes of said coils being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said reed, and means-including a set of contacts actuated by said reed for periodically venergizing said driver coils thereby to effect vibratory movement of said reed, said armature portion, during each vibration of the reed, moving freely along the unobstructed path -between said pole pieces, the direction of movement of said reed being perpendicular to the magnetic iiux lines between said pole pieces.

2. A. vibratory electromagnetic interrupter comprising a ferormagnetic frame, a stack at one end of'said frame, an elongated vibratile reed mounted in said stack having a tapered armature portion at /the free end thereof, pole pieces disposedat the respective sides of said armature portion defining an unobstructed path for vibration of said feed, said pole pieces being spaced inwardly from the free end of said reed, ferromagnetic means interconnecting said pole pieces to establish a closed magnetic circuit including said pole pieces and vsaid reed, a pair of driver coils mounted, respectively, on said pole pieces, the axes of said coils being perpendicular to the 5 6 longitudinal axis of said reed, the major portion REFERENCES CITED of said cous being positioned along the respective 1 The following references are of record in the sides of said armature portion, and means ineiuding a set of contacts actuated by said reed me of thispatent for periodically energizing said driver coils there- 5 UNITED STATES PATENTS by to effect vibratory movement of said reed, said Number Name Date armature portion, during each vibration of the 524165 Downes Aug. 7, 1894 reed, moving freely along the unobstructed path 650,531 Fessenden Mey 29, 1900 between said pole pieces, the direction of move- 714,020 Nilsen No 18 1902 ment of said reel being perpendicular to the mag- 10 1,187,000 Lorenz June 13 1910 netic fiux lines between said pole pieces. 1,920'150 Rockwell my 25, 1933 1,924,082 Barrett Aug. 22, 1933 ROBERT J- AUST- 2,065,597 Masmey Dec.29,193e

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