US2445225A - Calculating machine - Google Patents

Description

July 13, 1948. H. LAMBERT CALCULATING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Feb. 13, 1943 /M/EN70/F y L. Lambert 29% 4/1/154 ATTO/V/VEYJ July 13, 1948. H. L. LAMBERT CALCULATING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 13, 1943 'WI/E/Wv/Q Haw/ 7 L. Lambert B A rramvf s July 13, 1948. H, LAMBERT 2,445,225

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 15, 1943 8 Shets-Sheet 3 mwm Q EZM ly 1948- H. L. LAMBERT CALCULATING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 15, 1943 mu/ N701? Harry L. L (Wife/'1' MZL ATTO/P/VEYS July 13, 1948. H, LAMBERT 2,445,225

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 1:5, 1943 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 40 /NVEN70R Harry L. Ldmberf H. LAMBERT CALCULATING MACHINE July 13, 1948.-

8 sheets-sheet 6 Filed Feb. 13, 1943 July 13, 1948. H. 1 LAMBERT 2,445,225

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 13, 1943 8 Sheets-Sheet '7 9 Wm! M July 13, 1948. H. L. LAMBERT CALCULATING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Feb. 13, 1943 INVENTONR F H y L,Ld777b6/Z 5 ATTORNEYS Patented July 13, 194-8 CALCULATING MACHINE Harry L. Lambert, Enfield, N. Y., assignor, by mesne assignments, to The National Cash Register Company, Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Maryland Application February 13, 1943, Serial No. 475,729

2'7 Claims. 1

This invention relates to calculating machines of the type in which items of a calculation are set up in succession by selective operation of keys of a keyboard, and the items entered in a totalizer or accumulator in the performance of a calculation.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved calculating machine with which diiferent types of calculations may be made in an exceptionally simple manner, by simple adjustments and with simple mechanism, which will be compact, sturdy, capable of rapid operation, and inexpensive.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved calculating machine which will perform selectively either addition or subtraction, which will require a minimum of parts, with which adjustment to perform either subtraction or addition selectively may be made quickly by a simple operation, which may be made of any desired capacity, which will utilize a minimum number of parts, with which repeat entries of any number set up in the keyboard, whether of subtraction or addition, may be made any number of times, by operation of a repeat control, with which the totalizer may be cleared in a simple and rapid manner, which at the end of a subtraction operation, when'the machine is not set for repeat, will automatically reset the machine for addition, with which such resetting means will be incapacitated by operation of the repeat control, and which will be exceptionally simple, compact, inexpensive and dependable.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved, simplified, compact, and readily portable calculating machine which will selectively perform either addition or subtraction, and which will have maximum possible control against the performance of incorrect operations that might cause an error in the calculations.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description of one embodiment of the invention, and the novel features will be particularly pointed out hereinafter in connection with the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. l is a top plan view on a reduced scale, partly broken away, of a machine embodying the invention and showing the parts in normal position;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary similar view in which the keyboard has been shifted to subtraction position;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plan of the same, showing the means for ,slidably supporting the rear 2 of the keyboard, the parts being in normal position;

Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the means for supporting the front part of the keyboard;

Figs. 5 and 6 are views similar to Figs. 3 and 4, and showing the keyboard shifted to and latched in subtraction position;

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the machine, with the parts in normal position and a portion of the cover shown in section;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary similar view, showing the position that the parts assume in a partial forward stroke;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional plan view of the machine, the section being taken approximately along the line 9-9 of Fig. 7;

Figs. 9a, 9b and 9c are fragmentary sectional elevations of parts of the totalizer with the parts in difierent possible operative positions;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of the machine, the section being taken approximately on the line lU--lll, Fig. 18;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary sectional elevation showing the pair of stop bars of the units denominational column in normal position;

Fig. 12 is a similar view showing a pair of stop bars for the 10s or higher denominational columns;

Fig. 13 is a front elevation of the keyboard and associated parts of the machine in position for addition and having one of the keys of the keyboard depressed;

Fig. 14 is a similar view, partly in section, but illustrating the keyboard shifted to subtraction position;

Figs. 15 and 16 are fragmentary, transverse,

sectional elevations of portions of the keyboard, with the sections taken approximately along line iii-45 of Fi 12, and showing the same parts with the keyboard in addition and subtraction positions respectively;

Fig. 17 is a longitudinal, sectional elevation through the machine, the section being taken approximately in the plane represented by the line Hl1 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 18 is a fragmentary transverse section of the machine, the section being taken approximately on the line I8-|8 of Fig. 10;

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary side elevation of certain parts of the machine shown in Fig. '7, illustrating the position that these parts occupy at the end of a forward stroke;

Fig. 20 is a fragmentary side elevation, partly in section, showing the position of certain parts when set for clearing the machine;

Fig. 21 is a fragmentary, transverse section of part of the machine, the section being taken approximately on the line 2l2! of Fig. 20;

Fig. 22 is a View similar to Fig. 20 and illustrating the position that the parts assLune just after the beginning of a return stroke;

Fig. 23 is another similar view illustrating in full lines the means for releasing the accumulator at a subsequent instant in the clearance stroke and illustrating in broken lines the parts of the clearance mechanism returning to normal position;

Fig. 24 is a fragmentary, longitudinal, sectional elevation of parts of the machine, illustrating the position of the ls denominational stop bars just before the completion of a blank forward stroke, the parts being set for subtraction;

Fig. 25 is a similar View showing these parts at the completion of a blank forward stroke, the parts being set for subtraction;

Fig. 26 is a fragmentary sectional plan view of a part of the machine, the section being taken approximately on the line 2526 of Fig. 25;

Fig. 27 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional elevation of part of the machine, showing the front portions of a pair of 10s or higher denominational stop bars when the machine is set for subtraction and a key is depressed; and

Fig. 28 is a similar view, but illustrating a partial forward movement of the stop bars shown in Fig. 27.

The particular illustrated embodiment of the invention is an addition and subtraction machine of the general type disclosed in United States patents to Peters No. 1,386,021, of August 2, i921, and White No. 1,854,875, of April 19, 1932, and my copending application Serial No. 416,833, filed October 28, 1941, now patent No. 2,428,084, and this invention is in the nature of an improvement upon the type of calculating machines disclosed in said application and said White and Peters patents.

In this illustrated embodiment of the invention, the operating parts are mounted in a frame I, Figs. 7 and 9, which is similar in character to the usual frame of calculating machines with a base and upstanding side members 2 and 3 of rigid material, such as heavy metal plates. Ex-

tending between and through the side members 2 and 3 is a main shaft 4 which is suitably mounted for rocking oscillation in the side members 2 and 3, and one end of the shaft is formed to receive removably thereon an operating handle 5, as usual in hand-operated calculating machines. It will be understood, however, that an operating handle has been disclosed as the motive means for the main shaft 4 because of its simplicity, but motor operated means for the main shaft 4 may be provided as disclosed in my said copending application Serial No. 416,833. Inasmuch as the manner in which the shaft 4 is operated in an oscillating or rocking manner, is not material to the invention sought to be covered in this application, the motor operated means for operating the driving shaft 4 in a given cycle of movement has been omitted, and the simple handle 5 is illustrated merely by way of example.

The main shaft 4 is provided with an arm 6 (Fig. 17) fixed thereon, and a free end of this arm is connected to one end of a coil spring 7, the other end of which is anchored in any suitable manner with the spring under tension, such as by a stud 8 on the base of the frame I. This spring 1 yieldingly urges the shaft 4 back into an initial position which is determined by the engagement of a heel 9, Fig. 7, with a buffer element [0 which is supported at one end on the shank of a headed stud H, and at its other end is forked to straddle a horizontally extending lug or shelf l2 provided on the side member 3 of the frame. One arm l3 of the forked end of the member It! extends above the lug I2, and a helical compression spring I 4 is disposed between this arm l3 and the upper face of the lug l2. The arm I3 is also provided with a small lug l5, extending toward the other arm of the fork, which engages in a notch or slot is in the end of the lug l2, so that as the arm I3 moves vertically, the lug l5, by vertical sliding engagement in the slot I 6, will prevent sidewise movement of the adjacent end of arm l3. The heel 9 is provided on a full stroke sector plate ll which is fixed on the shaft 4 for oscillation therewith, and the heel 9 engages the member [0 in close proximity to the stud l I, so as to provide a substantially nonyielding limit stop for the full stroke sector and the shaft 4.

The sector I! (Figs. '7, 20 and 22) is provided with the usual ratchet notches I 8 in a zone of its periphery for engagement by a full stroke pawl l9 pivoted on a stud 20 on the side member 3 of the frame. A spring 2| connected to the pawl 19 urges it into a dead center position, and the notched edge of the sector IT is provided adjacent its ends with deeper notches 22, which moves opposite the pawl I9 at the limits of the movement of the shaft 4 and the sector plate ll, so that the pawl I!) may straighten out in dead center manner when either of the notches 22 is opposite its free end. When the sector starts movement in either direction, the pawl passes from dead center position in the opposite direction so as to work in the reverse manner. The cooperation between the pawl and the sector plate is such as to require a complete movement of the shaft 4 and sector plate I! in both directions, when once a movement of the shaft 4 is initiated. This full stroke pawl is a Well known feature of calculating machines, and per se is no part of the present invention.

A suitable totalizer 23, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 17, is mounted on the free end of a frame 24 (Fig. 1'7) which is pivoted at its other end upon a rod 25 so that the totalizer may rock or oscillate vertically to a limited extent about the longitudinal axis of the rod 25. This totalizer may be of any suitable construction with carry over or transfer mechanism, such as shown for example in the Peters and White patents and said copending application above mentioned, and shown also in Figs. 9a, 9b and 9c of this application. Such totalizers include a plurality of individual digit wheels 26, each of which carries on its periphery, in equally spaced relation thereon, the numerals zero to nine in numerical sequence. Each digit wheel has also attached thereto a pinion 21 by which that wheel may be driven in either direction.

Also extending between and rotatably mounted in the side members 2 and 3 of the frame is another or auxiliary shaft 28, Figs. 9 and 17, which, in this example, is disposed slightly to the rear of the main shaft 4. Fixed on the shaft 28 is an arm 29 which extends above and below that shaft. This arm 29 is disposed adjacent the side member 3 of the frame, and another arm 30, Fig. 9, is fixed on the shaft 28 near the side member 2 and extends upwardly therefrom. The

upper ends of the arms 29 and 30 are connected by a bar 3|, Figs. 1'7, 24, 25, and 26, which has notches 3|a (Fig. 26) in its rear edge to receive a plurality of rack arms 32. which are pivotally mounted on the auxiliary shaft 28 and are spaced apart and from arms 29 and 30 by suitable bushings 33 (Fig. 9). Mounted on the upper end of each rack arm 32 is a rack member 34 which slides in a direction from front to rear on the arm 32 to a limited extent, and is yieldingly urged toward the right (Fig. 9a) by a spring 35, to form a part of the carry over or transfer mechanism, as disclosed in said prior Peters patent. Each rack member 34 is disposed to mesh with the pinion 21 of a related digit wheel when the totalizer frame 24 is rocked downwardly into one position, and to be disengaged from the related pinion 21 when the totalizer frame 24 is rocked upwardly into its other possible position.

A plurality of digit stop bars 36 are disposed side by side but spaced apart, see Fig. 9, so as to extend in a direction from front to rear of the machine, the rear ends being individually pivoted by pins 31 to related rack arms 32. The forward ends of these stop bars 36 are received in notches or slots opening downwardly from the upper edge of a cross bar 38, Fig. 9, which extends between and connects the side members 2 and 3. An individual spring 39 is connected to each of the stop bars 36 and to the cross bar 38, so as to individually and yieldingly urge the stop bars 36 forwardly, unless otherwise restrained, until the connected rack arms 32 engage against the cross bar 3| which connects th arms 29 and 36 on the shaft 28. These stop bars 36 may, for convenience, be designated and distinguished beginning at the right and moving to the left in Fig. 9, as units, tens, hundreds, etc., denominational stop bars. Each of the stop bars above the units denominational bar is provided with a depending lug 40, Figs. 12, 24 and 25, which by engagement with the cross bar 38 limits the extent to which the individual stop bars may be moved by their springs 39 in a forward direction. An individual stop arm 4| is provided for each of the stop bars 36, and is disposed side by side with its related stop bar and approximately at its mid-length is pivoted by a pin 42 to the related stop bar. These stop arms 4| generally extend parallel to the stop bars 36 to which they are connected and also extend through slots or notches in the upper edge of the cross bar 38, shown clearly in Fig. 9.

The lower edge of each stop arm 4|, where it passes through a notch in the cross bar 38, is provided with a cam surface 43 which, by engagement with the bottom of the notch in which it slides, serves to cam that end of the stop arm 4| upwardly and lower the rear end thereof. An individual spring 44 is connected to the forward end of each stop arm 4|, and to a cross bar 44a, Fig. 9, of the frame, at the bottom thereof, so as to yieldingly and individually urge the forward ends of the stop arms 4| downwardly and maintain them in the slots in the cross bar 38. The upper edge of each stop bar 36 is provided with a plurality of lugs 45 forming abutments 46, Figs. 24 and 25, which are spaced apart lengthwise of the bar so that by engagement with the lower ends of depressed keys on the keyboard, the forward movements of the bars may be limited as desired. Each stop arm 4| is also provided with upstanding lugs 41 spaced apart and providing abutments 48 which function similarly to the abutmenfi on the stop bars 36. These stop bars with their stop arms thereon can move forwardly only when the rack arms 32 are released by the cross bar 3| carried by th upstanding arms 29 and 30.

In addition operations, the stop bars for a row in which no keys are depressed will be held against travel by zero stops at the forward end of the keyboard, as explained in said prior patents, and in such operations, the stop lugs 46 on the stop bars 36 have no function. When, however, a subtraction operation is performed, for all those rows of keys in which no key is depressed, the stop bars 36 for those rows of unoperated keys will be allowed to move for the full extent corresponding to nine spaces, except for the units denominational stop bar 36, and that is allowed to move ten spaces if no key in the units denominational row is operated. For that reason, the stop lug on the units denominational stop bar 36 is omitted, but a similar lug 46a (Fig. 11) is placed on the stop arm 4| carried by that units denominational bar 36 and disposed rearwardly therein a distance of one unit of operation of the digit wheel, so that when the handle starts its return operation in the second half of the cycle, the units denominational rack arm 32 will be picked up first and will move the associated digit wheel one space before any of the other rack arms will be picked up in the rows in which no keys were depressed, so that the operation of the units denominational digit wheel through the ten spaces will cause a carry-over into the other wheels, which are moved only through nine spaces. This type of operation is described on page 4, lines 72-102, of said White patent. The stop abutments 48 on the units denominational stop arm 4| are the tens complements of the corresponding stop abutments on the units denominational stop bar 36, but the abutments 48 on the stop arms for all higher denominational orders are spaced thereon to represent the nines complements of the corresponding stop abutments 46 on the related stop bars 36. Each stop bar 36 and its attached stop arm 4| may for convenience be considered and referred to as a stop bar unit or stop unit.

Removably mounted on the frame is a standard keyboard 49, Figs. 12 and 17. This keyboard has notched cars 50 at its rear edge which straddle and are supported by the cross rod 25, and depending lugs 50a at the sides of the forward portion which have slots in their lower edges which straddle and slide upon fixed studs 50b. In order to maintain the keyboard on the studs 5%, th forward end of the keyboard 46 is provided with a finger 52 which is secured to the keyboard frame so as to depend downwardly from the forward edge thereof. This finger 52 has a rearwardly opening slot which straddles a forwardly-extending flange 5| of the cross bar 38 so as to confine the keyboard against vertical movement, yet by reason of the particular form of engagement between the finger 52 and flange 5 I, the keyboard is free to slide a limited extent horizontally on the flange 5|, the studs 50b, and rod 25. The finger 52 may be sprung forwardly suificiently to disengage it from the flange 5| when one desires to remove the keyboard 49 from the machine. The ears 50 which straddle the rod 25 are disposed slightly nearer together than the distance between the side members 2 and 3., as shown in Figs. 3 to 6, sothat the keyboard may be shifted bodily in a horizontal or lateral direction from a position, such as that shown in Figs. 1 and 3, in which the left ha d s 50 abuts against the side member 2, to the right until the other ear or lug i] abuts against the side member 3, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5.

A latch 54 (Figs. 4 and 6) is pivoted on the pin on the flange 5| of cross bar 38, which latch, adjacent its free end, is provided with a notch 56. When the keyboard is moved bodily to the right from the position shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4 to the position shown in Figs. 2, 5 and 6, the depending lug 56a on the keyboard will be brought into alinement with the notch 56, so that a spring 54a acting between the latch 54 and the cross bar 33 can urge the latch 54 in a direction to cause the notch 56 to straddle the lug 50a, as in Fig. 6. When the notch 56 is engaged over the lug 5611 as shown in Fig. 6, it will prevent movement of the keyboard bodily to the left from the right hand position shown in Figs. 2, 5 and 6. The free end of the latch 54 has a lateral flange 58 by which this latch may be cammed into releasing position in a manner which will be explained herein later.

The base of the frame is provided with an upstanding lug 59, Figs. 13 and 14, upon which is pivoted, by pin 66, a bell crank lever 6|, one arm of which is generally upstanding and is connected by a spring 62 to the side member 2. This upstanding arm of the bell crank El has a cam nose 63 which engages against the depending finger 52 on the keyboard so that by the tension of the spring 62, this bell crank 6| will yieldingly urge the keyboard back into the position shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4. The keyboard, therefore, when free, will be automatically returned to its lefthand position shown in Figs. 3 and 4, yet it may be moved bodily to the right into the position shown in Figs. 2, 5 and 6, in which it will be latched by the latch 54.

The keyboard is provided with a plurality of rows of individually operable keys 64, Figs. 1, 2, 13 and 14, the keys in each row being designated from 1 to 9 in the direction from front to rear, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and the rows being disposed side by side. Each of these keys 64 is slidably mounted for vertical movement in the upper and. lower plates 65 and 66. of the keyboard, and are yieldingly urged into their upper .positions by springs 61, as disclosed more fully in the keyboards of said prior patents and application. Assuming that the keyboard is in its left-hand position shown in Fig. 13, the lower end of each key, when unoperated. is in close proximity to the lower face of the plate 66 of the keyboard, but when any key is moved downwardly, its lower end depends below the plate 66 into the path of one of the abutments 45 of the related stop bar 36, so as to limit, by its engagement with one of the shoulders 46, the extent of movement of the related stop bar 36. The keys of each row are releasably held in depressed or operated position by suitable latches or stops 68, one of which extends along each row of keys, so that after one key of that row is operated or depressed, the operation of another key of that row will cam the stop 38 aside momentarily and release the previously depressed key, all as disclosed in said prior patents.

At the front of the keyboard are a plurality of zero stops 69, each individually hinged to normally depend in front of the forward end of the stop bar 36 to which it is related, as shown in Fig. 13. When any key in a row related to any stop bar 36 is depressed, it cams aside this related zero stop 69 so as to release that related stop bar 36, as explained in said prior patents, and the zero stop will remain in a position in which it releases its related stop bar 36, so long as any key in the related row of keys remains depressed. When the keyboard is shifted to the right, as previously explained, this carries all of the zero stops 69 out of the path of the related stop bars 36 and also out of the path of the stop arms 4|, even when a zero stop 69 is cammed aside 'by a depressed key, as shown in the tens row in Fig. 14.

Disposed across the forward edge of the keyboard is a key release comb or bail 10, which has lateral arms ll pivotally connected by screws 12 to the side frame members of the keyboard. This bail 16 has comb-like teeth 13 (Fig. 14) which extend rearwardly into positions to engage and cam aside all of the stops 66 and the zero stops 69, and thus release all the keys, as usual in keyboards of this type and disclosed in said prior patents. The laterally-extending arm H at the right hand end of this key release bail or comb ill has an extension M, Fig. '7, which carries a laterally extending pin 75 and another laterally extending pin 16, so that by pressure exerted downwardly against the pin 15 or forwardly against the pin 76, the key release bail 16 will be rocked clockwise, as viewed in '7, to release all of the keys of the keyboard. The pin 16 is disposed in a position to engage the cam lug 58 on the keyboard latch 54 and force it in a direction to disengage the latch 54 from the keyboard, and thus release the keyboard for return to the left in Figs. 1 and 2. When the keyboard is in this lefthand position, as shown in 1, the engagement and operation of the latch 54 by the pin 16 will be immaterial, because the latch 54 by its abutting engagement of an unnotched portion thereof against the edge of the depending lug 56a of the keyboard frame, will keep the lug 56 generally out of the path of the pin 15, but when the latch 54 is in latching engagement with the keyboard frame, the lug 58 will be shifted into the path of movement of the pin (6, when the key release bail 10 is operated to release the keys. Thus, whenever the keys are released, the keyboard will also be unlatched and free to return to the left into the position shown in Fig. 1.

Also fixed on the main shaft 4 (Fig. 17) is an arm 1'! which at its free end is pivotally connected by a pin 18 to one end of a link 19, the other end of that link being pivotally connected by a pin to a depending end of the arm 29. The arm ll extends forwardly at a small inclination upwardly when the shaft 4 is in its normally inactive position, as shown in Fig. 17, and when the shaft 4 is operated through a cycle of movement, such as counter-clockwise in Fig. 17, this movement will cause the lower end of the arm 29 to swing rearwardly and the cross bar 3| to move forwardly and release the rack arms 32. These rack arms then move forwardly to the extent permitted by the stop units connected thereto and the latter are controlled by any depressed keys of the keyboard or by the zero stops. As the shaft 4 returns to its initial position, the cross bar 3| will pick up all of the rack arms and carry them rearwardly to the initial positions shown in Fig. 17.

The totalizer frame 24 (Fig. 10) adjacent its right hand end is provided with a depending integral arm 8|, which carries at its lower end a laterally extending pin 82 mounting a roller which runs in a cam groove or slot 83 which is provided in a lever 84. The lever 84 is pivoted on a stud 85 carried by the inner face of the side member 3. The slot or cam groove 83 is formed with one end of the slot or groove 83 nearer the axis of the stud 85 than the opposite end. This lever 84 has another arm 86 which carries a pin 81 that is engaged and cammed in one direction by an arm '88, fixed on the main shaft 4 in a position such that when the main shaft approaches its limit of movement at the end of a complete cycle, the arm 88 will engage the pin 81 and rock the lever 84 in a direction to earn the roller on the pin 82 into the end of the slot 83 which is farthest from the stud 85. This movement of the roller 82 into the end of the slot 83 farthest from the stud causes the arm 8! to rock the totalizer frame 24 counter-clockwise about the rod 25, as shown in Fig. 10, to carry the pinions 21 on the digit wheels into mesh with the rack members 34.

A spring 89 is connected at one end to a pin 99 carried on another arm 9i of the lever 84, the other end of the spring 89 being secured in any suitable manner to the side frame member, as by a pin 9Ia, Fig. 7. The spring 89 serves to yieldingly urge the lever 84 in a direction to raise the totalizer until the pinions on the digit wheels are disengaged from the rack members 34. The pin 99' extends through an aperture 92 in the side member 8 into a position beneath a latch 93, Eig. 7, which latch 93 is pivoted on the stud 94 extending from the outside face of the side memher 3. This latch 93 is urged downwardly yield- .ingly by a spring 95 which is coiled about the pivot stud 94, with one end hooked over the upper edge of the latch 93, and the other edge hooked over the edge of aperture 92 in the side member 3. The latch 93 is provided with an abutment shoulder 96, and some distance from the shoulder 96 in a direction further from the pivot stud 94, this latch has a depending arm 91. The full stroke sector I1 carries a roller 98 which is disposed to engage with the lower end of the depending arm 91 of the latch 93 when the main shaft 4 approaches its limit of movement at the end of a complete cycle of operation, which action raises the latch 93 until the shoulder abutment 95 is above the path of the pin 99 and allows the lever 84 to be rocked under the action of the spring 89. When the lever 84 is-thus freed for movement by the spring 89, it will rock counterclockwise (Fig. 10) until the pin 81 on the lever engages the arm 88 on the main shaft 4, which arm has returned almost to its home position at this time and limits the movement of the lever 84 to such a small extent that the relative movement between the cam groove 83 and the pin 82 will not be sufficient to cause the totalizer to be disengaged from the rack members 34. Continued movement of the arm 88 to home position will cause the lever 84 to be moved to its home position, as shown in Fig. 10, and will cause the totalizer to be retained in engagement with the rack members at the end of the operation.

The full stroke sector is also provided with an arm 99, Fig. '7, which, as the shaft 4 is about to complete its first half cycle of operation, will engage with the pin 99 that projects through the aperture 92 and rock the lever 84 in a direction opposed to the spring 89, so as to cause a lowering of the totalizer until the pinions on its digit wheels engage with the rack members 34. The abutment shoulder 96 on the latch 93 is disposed to engage behind the pin 99 and hold the lever 84 in the position shown in Fig. 10, in which the totalizer has driving engagement with the rack members 45. This latch engagement is also shown in Fig. 19.

A total key I99, Figs. 7 and 10, is pivoted on 10 a rod lI9I which extends between the side members 2 and 3 of the frame and also serves to support some of the carry-over mechanism for the totalizer. This key I99 (Fig. 19) is in the form of a bell crank, and an arm I92 thereof is pivotally connected by a pin I93 to a link I94. This link extends downwardly and at its lower end is pivotally connected by a pin I95 to a plate I96 that is pivoted on a stud I91 carried on the inner face of the side member 3. This plate I96 is provided with an arm I98 which is pivotally connected by a pin I99 to one end of a link H9, the other end of which is pivotally connected by a pin III to a lever H2 that is pivoted on a stud H3 carried by said side member 3. The lever H2 extends upwardly adjacent the front of the machi ie and has a cam edge I I4 disposed in a position to engage the pin 16 on the key release bail or comb 19 and rock the latter to cause a release of all depressed keys of the keyboard. The Plate I96 is also provided with an edge cam surface H5 which is approximately concentric to the axis of the stud I91. This concentric cam surface H5 merges at its lower end into the base of a V- shaped tooth I I6 and the other base of this tooth merges into another cam edge H 1 which is nearer the axis of the stud I91 than is the surface H5.

A lever I I8, Figs. 7 and 10, is pivoted on a stud H9 on the side frame member of the keyboard, and this lever has a rigid arm I29 (Fig. '7) which extends rearwardly and terminates in an upstanding arm I2I which, at its upper end, is normally below the path of travel of the pin 99 on the lever 84. The lower end of this lever H8 has a lateral flange I22 which is adapted to abut edgewise against the cam surfaces H5 and H1, and the surfaces of the V-shaped tooth H6 of the plate I96. When the flange I22 is riding against the cam surface I I5, the lever H8 will be in the position shown in full lines in Figs. 7 and 10, and the upstanding arm I2I will be just below the path of travel of the pin 99, so as not to interfere with the rocking of the lever 84.

When the flange I22 is riding against the cam surface I I1, which is nearer the axis of the stud I91, then the lever H8 will occupy a position shown in Fig. 20, in which the upstanding arm I2I has moved up into a position behind the pin 99 so as to prevent any material movement of the pin 99, and thereby prevent any oscillatory movement of the lever 84. The lever H8 is also provided with a forwardly extending arm I23 (Fig. 7) to which is connected one end of a spring I24, the other end of which is anchored to the lower plate 99 of the keyboard frame. This spring I24 urges the lever II 8 in a direction to carry the upstanding arm I2I upwardly behind the pin 99, and the edge of the arm I2I, against which the pin 99 abuts, is approximately normal to the radius from the pin 99 to the stud H9, so that the pressure exerted by pin 99 on arm I2I Will not produce any rotation of the lever H8.

A one-way pawl I25 (Fig. 7) is pivoted on the stud I28 on the lower end of lever H8. and a spring I21 is connected at one end to a pin I28 carried on the pawl I25 and at its other end to the lever H8. The pin I28 engages against an edge of the lever H8 so as to limit the extent of movement of the pawl I25 by the spring I21, as shown in full lines in Fig. '1. The pawl I25 which projects beyond the end of lever H8 may, however, rock clockwise (Fig. '1), which tensions the spring I21 and moves the pin I28 away from the edge of the depending arm of the lever H8. A roller I29, Figs. 7 and 19, is carried by a stud I30 provided on the inner face of the full stroke sector I1, and at a radial distance from the axis of the shaft 4 such that when the shaft 4 is rocked in a cycle of operation, the roller I29 will pass and clear the pawl I25 when the lever H8 is held in the full line position shown in Fig. 7 with the flange I22 resting against the cam surface H5. When the plate I06 is rocked from the position shown in full lines in Figs. '1 and to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 20, the lever II8 will be moved counter-clockwise by its spring I24 to raise the arm I2I into a position to block movement of the pin 90 and through it block movement of the lever 84. In this movement of lever H8, the pawl I25 moves nearer the axis of the main shaft 4 until flange I22 engages surface II 1 of plate I 06, and then when the main shaft 4 operates through the cycle of operation, the roller I29 on the full stroke sector l1 will engage the pawl I25 during the first half of the cycle of operation of the shaft 4 and pass idly by, the pawl pivoting against the action of spring I21 at this time. When, however, the full stroke sector returns during the second half of the stroke, the roller I29 will engage against the blunt end I3I of the pawl I25 and force the pawl sidewise, which rocks the lever H8 clockwise to tension its spring I24 and withdraw the upstanding arm [H from its position behind the pin 90. This releases the pin 90 for movement by its spring 89, and as the roller I29 continues its movement with the full stroke sector, it cams the lever II8 further in the same direction to carry the flange I 22 clear of the V-shaped tooth I I6. Then when the pawl I25 is released by roller I29, the flange I22 may again engage with the cam surface II5.

A spring I32, Figs. 10, 20, 2 2 and 23 is connected at one end to the link I04, and at its other end to a pin on the side member 3, so as to yieldingly urge the link I04 endwise and downwardly, which is in a direction to rock the plate I36 into the position shown in full lines in Fig. 10, where the flange I 22 can engage the cam edge H5. The link I04 is provided at its upper end with a rearwardly extending arm I33, Fig. 10, which extends beneath a laterally bent lug or extension I34 on the latch 93. The lug I34 projects through the aperture 92 in the side member 3 because the latch 93 is on one face of the side member 3 and the arm I 33 is disposed at the opposite face of said side member 3. When the link I04 is moved endwise and upwardly by rocking of the total key I00 in a counter-clockwise direction in Fig. 10, this will carry the arm I33 upwardly and lift or hold the lug I34 on the latch 93 in the position shown in full lines in Fig. 22. The latch 93 is thus held above the pin 90 so that the abutment shoulder 96 will clear the pin 90 when the latter is rocked by its spring 89 to the right as in Fig. 22. The engagement of the arm I02 of the total key I00 with a stud I35, Figs. 10, and 22, limits the extent of movement of the key I00 in one direction.

A repeat key I36 (Fig. 7) is mounted by a stud I31 on the right hand side frame member of the keyboard, as usual in this type of machine and as disclosed in said patents and copending application. This key I36, at its lower end, is provided with notches I38 and I39 spaced apart along the lower end edge of the key. A pin I40 carried by a lever I4I rides against the lower end edge of key I 35 so as to enter the notches I 38 and I39 alternately when the key I36 is rocked back and forth. The lever MI is mounted on a stud I42 which is carried by the side frame member of the keyboard. A spring I43 acting between the lever MI and stud I31 yieldingly urges the lever MI in a direction to cause its pin I40 to bear against the lower end of the key lever I36 and enter either of the notches I38 and I39 that are alined therewith. The repeat key lever I86, stud I31, and lever I 4| are carried by the keyboard and move from side to side of the machine therewith.

Also rockably mounted on the same side frame member of the keyboard is a key release lever I44, Fig. 7, which has at one end a depending arm terminating in a cam edge I45 in a position to be engaged and operated by the roller I29 on the full stroke sector I1. An oppositely extending arm on the lever I44 carries a one-way bypass pawl I4'6 which moves with the lever I44 in a path to engage the pin 15 on the extension 14 of the lateral arm of the key release bail arm 1|. The pawl I46 is held against a stud or pin I41 by a spring I48, so that when the pawl I46 is moved upwardly with the lever I44 to engage the pawl "I5, the pawl I46 will snap idly by the pin 15, but when the lever I44 then rocks in the opposite direction, the pawl I46 will not be camnied aside by pin 15 but will serve as a rigid extension of the lever I44 and cam aside the pin 15 and thereby cause a rocking of the bail 10 in a manner to cause a release of any operated keys in the keyboard. The lever I44 is yieldingly urged in a clockwise direction (Fig. 7) by a spring I4'4a acting between the pivot pin for the pawl I46 and the stud I31.

Independently and rockably mounted on the stud I31 is a lever I49, Fig. 7, which carries at its forward end a laterally extending pin I50. The forward end of lever I49 overlies the extension 14 on the key release ball 10 so that when the lever I49 is rocked counter-clockwise in Fig. '1, its forward end will engage the extension 14 and rock the bail 10 in a direction to release any operated keys. The pin I 50 is disposed below and alined with a correction key I5I, Figs. 1 and 2, so that operation of the correction key will rock lever I49 counter-clockwise in Fig. 7, and by rocking the bail 10, will release any keys that have been operated and not released. A spring I52 urges the lever I 49 in a clockwise direction in Fig. '1. The end of the lever I49, opposite from the pin I 50, is provided with an upstanding hook I53 which normally clears the upstanding member I54 on the lever I44, but which may move upwardly and block movement of the arm I54 of lever I44 when the lever M9 is rocked counterclockwise in Fig. '7. A pin I55 on the lever I49 engages beneath the arm I23 on lever I I8, so that when the lever I49 is rocked counter-clockwise in Fig. 7, the pin I55 will engage arm I23 and rock the lever I I8 in a direction to withdraw the upstanding arm I2I from the path of the pin and move the flange I22 clear of the tooth IIG so as to release the plate I06 if the plate should have been latched by the flange I22 in its operative position.

The mechanism is enclosed within a suitable housing I56, Figs. 1, 2, '7 and 17, which has an opening I56a through which the repeat key I38 may project with suflicient clearance to enable rocking forwardly of the repeat key, and also sidewise movement of the repeat key with the keyboard between the positions shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The housing also has a slot I51 through which the total lever I00 may project with sumcient clearance for its operation, and a window 3 I58 through which the digit'wheels'oi the totalizer may be viewed.

The comb extension 13 of the key release ball 10, Fig. 14, are urged upwardly by the latch bars 68 and the zero stops 69 which are resiliently urged in the usual manner toward the rows of keys to which they are related, and the extension 14, Fig. 7, has, adjacent the pin 18, a laterally extending portion I53 which engages beneath a projecting flange of the bottom plate 36 of the keyboard so as to limit the upward movement of the extension 14 of the key release bail.

In order to prevent too rapid an operation of the main shaft 4, that shaft, Figs. 9 and 17, is provided with another arm E33 fixed thereon, which is pivotally connected by apin It! to a piston rod I62, extending into a dash pot cylinder I63. The rod I32 within the cylinder I53 has a piston running in the cylinder so as to control the rate of movement of the shaft 4, is old in this art.

The transfer mechanism between digit wheels of the totalizer is substantially the same as disclosed in said prior patents and said copending application and as used for many years commercially in Allen Wales calculating machines. It is shown briefly for the purpose of the record in Figs. 9a, 9b and 9c and will be briefly referred to. Secured to each digit wheel is a cam I65 which rotates with its digit wheel counterclockwise in Figs. 9a, 9b and 9c in addition and subtraction operations, but which rotates in the opposite direction when the digit wheels are all set to zero during a total clearing operation. When the machine is idle and the totalizer is cleared, the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 9a, in which the digit wheels are all at Zero and a nose I66 of the cam for each wheel below the highest digit wheel is in the position shown in full lines, immediately behind a laterally extending lug I61 on a transfer lever 163 which is pivoted on a rod I39 and is used to extend the carry over control to the next higher digit wheel. A lever or latch I13 for each lever I38 is pivoted on the rod I1I supported by the machine frame and has a laterally extending flange or lug I12 which engages alternately against step-like abutments I13 and I14 arranged in spaced relation to each other along the lever I83. There is a lever I63 and a latch I13 for each transfer between digit wheels, and each lever IE3 is yieldingly and individually urged upwardly by a spring I15 to the extent permitted by the engagement of its upper edge with the lug 112 of latch Ill). The spring I15 acts between each lever I88 and an arm I16 of the related latch I10, so as to urge the latch I13 counterclockwise in Figs. 9a, 9b and 90.

When the frame 23 is raised upwardly at the beginning of an operation of the shaft 4, when adding or subtracting, it will engage all of the arms I16 and rock all of the latches 51% clock wise to carry the lugs I12 in front of the abutments I14, and when that happens, the springs I15 snap the levers I33 upwardly. This relation of parts is shown in Fig. 90, which also shows the lug I12 of the latch I13 slightly spaced away from the related abutment I14. When any digit wheel below the highest denomination wheel passes into zero position during its rotation counterclockwise in Fig. 9a, the cam nose itii of its cam I 65 will have engaged the lug I81 and cammed the lever I68, which cooperates with the rack member 34 associated with the next higher denomination digit wheel, whereupon the related latch I10 snaps its lug I12 against abutment I13 on the higher step so as to hold lever I68 depressed, as shown in Fig. 917. Each lever I68 has a pair of spaced lugs I11 and I18 which are disposed with ends at different levels across the width of the lever and also spaced apart along the lever I68. Each rack member 34, as explained in said prior patents, is capable of limited movement endwise on its rack arm 32, an amount sufiicient to cause a movement of the digit wheel one digit or space. When the rack arms 32 move forwardly during an addition or subtraction operation, the rack members 34 are out of engagement with the digit wheel pinions, and each spring 35 before mentioned, which acts between its rack member 34 and rack arm 32, urges that rack member 34 to the right in Fig. 9a.

When the main shaft 4 moves during its back stroke, the digit wheel pinions are in mesh with the related rack members 34, and as the rack arms 32 are picked up by the cross bar 3|, the digit wheels will be rotated amounts determined by the positions of the rack arms 32 when picked up by the cross bar 3i, until a laterally extending lug I on each rack member 34 engages with the lowermost and first encountered lug I11 on the related lever I68. This stops the further movement of the rack member 34, although the related rack arm 32 moves a distance of one digit space further during which the spring 35 is tensioned. If any lever I68 is, however, latched in the position shown in Fig. 9b because the next lower dig-it wheel had just passed into or through zero position, the lug I80 on that lever, instead of striking the abutment I11, will pass above it until it strikes abutment I18, thus giving further movement of one digit space to the digit Wheel above the wheel on which cam I65 is fixed and which cam has just latched the lever I63 in the Fig. 92; position. At the next forward movement of the main shaft, the totalizer frame 24 is at once rocked upwardly and its engagement with the arms I16 of all the transfer latches I13 will rock the latter into the positions shown in Fig. so as to reset all transfer mechanism for a new transfer operation.

When the totalizer or accumulator is to be cleared, the operator rocks the total lever I30 rearwardly and this moves the upstanding arm I2I of arm I20 behind the pin 93 to prevent rocking of the totalizer upwardly when arm 83 releases lever 84 as the shaft 4 starts a cycle of operation. The rack arms 32 as they are released by cross bar 3I will be urged forwardly, and will rotate the digit wheels, with which they are in driving relation, until the lugs I66 on the cams I65 carried by the digit wheels engage the related lugs I61 (during this clockwise rotation of cams I65) in Figs. 9a, '91): and 90. Further movement of the rack arms 32 is then prevented, although the cross bar 3-I continues its forward movement. When the main shaft starts the second half of its cycle, the totalizer is at once ele vated until the digit wheel pinions are disengaged from the rack members 34, and the rack arms 32 are returned to initial position by the cross bar 3I. This elevation of the totalizer is caused by the action of roller I29 on pawl I25 which cams lever I I8 clockwise in Fig. 'l and releases pin 93. Since latch 93 is at this time held elevated by arm I33, the pin 30 when released in this manner is moved rearwardly by its spring 89. This causes an elevation of the totalizer. Thus the transfer mechanism is used to stop all of the to yieldingly hold the in its rearward or repeat position. A pin I BI is provided on the lever I44 in a position to move into the notch I38 when key is in its wardly to carry the notch I38 into alinement with the pin I46 of the latch, the pin I 8! will engage, when the lever I44 is released and rocked by its spring I44a, against an unnotched periphery at the lower end of the key repeat lever I36, which prevents the movement of the lever I44 under the action of its spring I44a sufficiently to carry the pawl I46 past the pin 15. Then when the roller I28 again rocks the lever I44 at the end of a cycle of operation of the main shaft 4, there will be no rocking of the key release ball 10, and hence no release of the keys that have been set. Then, every time that the main shaft 4 is operated through a cycle of operation, the same number which remains set up in the keyboard will be the item that is run into the totalizer. Since the key release ball is not operated automatically during a cycle of operation of the main shaft 4 while the repeat key is moved rearwardly into repeat position, the latch 54 will not be operated by the pin 16 of the key release ball 10, and hence the keyboard if in subtraction position will remain in that subtraction position, and not be released until the repeat key 36 is returned to its normal, non-repeat position shown in full lines in Fig. 7.

A detent lever I82, Fig. 10, is pivoted by pin I83 to the lever 84, and it normally rides upon a pin I84 fixed on the side member 3 of the frame of the machine. The edge of the lever I82 which engages pin I 84 is provided with two notches I85, which are spaced apart along that lever and alternately engage over the pin I84 when the lever 84 is rocked back and forth to shift the totalizer into and out of operating relation to the rack members 34. A spring I86 is anchored at one end to the arm 86 of lever 84, and at its other end to an upstanding tail on the lever I82, so as to yieldingly rock the lever I82 in a direction to engage against pin I84. Thus, as the lever 84 is rocked to position the totalizer in either of its two positions, the engagement of one of the notches I with the pin I 84 will aid in locating the totalizer definitely in the position into which it has been shifted and in yieldingly holding the totalizer in that position.

In the operation of a calculating machine of the type illustrated, the keyboard of the machine will normally be in the position shown in Fig. 1, which will be the left-hand position. If one desires to add numbers to the items already in the totalizer, as shown through the window I58, one depresses a key in each of the rows which represents the number to be added, a key being depressed in the proper digit row for each digit of the number to be added. Then the operator pulls the handle forwardly as far as it will go and releases it for return to its rearward position 1s motor-operated, the operator, instead of opercycle that operates the main shaft 4, as well known in the art. The depressed keys present their lower ends over the stop bars 36 immediately thereunder. In Fig. 13, the number 3 key in the tens denominational row is shown as depressed, and its lower end has moved down into the path of one of the abutments 46 of the related tens stop bar 36, as shown in Figs. 12 and 15. When the key in the tens denominational row was depressed, it cammed aside the zero stop 69 for that row of keys, as shown in Fig. 13.

When the main shaft starts its cycle of operation for addition, the arm 88, Fig. 10, at once releases the pin 81 of lever 84, and the spring 89 then rocks lever 84 in a direction to cause an elevation of the totalizer frame so as to disengage the pinions of the digit wheels from the through the link 19, 29 counterclockwise and moves the cross bar 3| forwardly so as to release all of the rack arms 32. The springs 33 acting on the stop bars 36 urge them all forwardly, but only the stop bars 36 which have been released from the zero stops can move forwardly because the other stop bars will be held against forward movement by the zero stops. Since, in this example, only the number 3 key in the tens denominational row was operated, only its lower end is in a position to engage the number 3 abutment 48, which is the first abutment to the rear of the depressed key. This determines the extent of movement of that stop bar 36. The distance from the lower end of each key to the first abutment to the rear thereof will determine the extent of movement of the bar 38 for that row when that key is operated. The cross bar 3I will movement after the stop the keys or the zero stops.

When the main shaft 4 is completing its first half of its cycle of movement, corresponding to the forward movement of the handle 5, the arm 99 on the full stroke sector I1 will engage the pin 90 and cam it forwardly until it passes the abutment 96, whereupon the spring rocks the latch 93 downwardly so as to engage the abutment 96 behind the pin 90 (Fig. 19) and hold the totalizer in its downward position, with its digit wheel pinions in mesh with the rack members 34. The totalizer having now been shifted into driving engagement with the rack members, as soon as the main shaft 4 starts its last half of its cycle of movement, the cross bar 3I will move rearwardly, and during its travel will engage and move with it any of the rack arms 32 which have moved forwardly and which, in this selected example, is only the rack arm for the tens denominational order. In carrying that rack arm back to its rearward position, the rack member 34 for that digit wheel will rotate it an amount represented by the extent of forward movement of the tens denominational rack arm 32. This introduces into the tens denominational digit wheel of the totalizer a number corresponding to the depressed key. If the digit wheel, in moving in this manner, passed the zero position, it caused a transfer to the next higher digit wheel by the transfer mechanism illustrated in Figs. 9a to 90, and as illustrated and explained in said Peters patent. I

As soon as the shaft 4 began its cycle of movemeat, :as just explained, the roller I29 released .theleuer 14-4 and the latter was then rocked by its spring 144a clockwise inF-ig. 1, so as tocarry thegpawl A46 upwardly past pin 15-01: the key release bail W, the pawl pivoting freely against its spring 448 so as to pass pin 15 without rocking the bail Ill. When the shaft I5 is about to complete a full cycle, representedby a return of the handle :to its rearward position, the roller i129 again "engages the cam edge 145 and rocks the lever M4 counterclockwise in Fig. 7, so as to carry the pawl 145 downwardly past the pin 15. The pawl I46 cannot yieldin this direction, and hence it cams the pin 15 downwardly, which causes .a rocking of the bail "Ill clockwise in Fig. fl, and thecomb-likeprojections 13, Fig. 14, en- ,gage the latch bars 68 and zero stops 69 and earn them aside so as'to release all depressed keys in all the rows, thereby enabling those keys to return to their elevated positions.

At about the same time that "the roller I29 rocks the lever 144 in this manner, theroller-:9.8 also :engagesthe depending arm 91 and cams it upwardly "to release the pin 9.0 from behind the abutment 96, thus releasing the lever 84 to the action of the spring 89, which rocks'the lever 84 2a. slight distance which is insufilcient to cause the totalizer to be disengaged from the rack members. The engagement of the portion of the edge of the full stroke sector adjacent the roller I29 with the buffer element causes -a -huiferao'tionthrough the action of the spring l4, Fig. 7,, which cushions the forward movement of .the main shaft 4. Any desired number of items may be entered in the totalizer by setting the numbers or items up in the keyboard and cansoperation of the main shaft 4, after each item :i'srset up, in the manner just explained.

if one desires to perform subtraction, one grasps the :key I36 and moves it to the right from the position shown in Fig. 1 .130 that shown in Fig. 2, which action shifts the keyboard bodily to the right from the positions shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, representing the adding position, to'the subtraction position, shown in Figs. 2, 5 and 6. when the "keyboard moves to "the right in this manner, the lower ends of the keys, which cooperate with the stop bars, are :all shifted to the right. so that instead of cooperating with the abutments "of stop bars 136, shown in Fig. 1 the lower ends of the keys will be above the stop arms 41 -carried by :the related stop bars 36, as :sh'own'in Fig. .14. When the keyboard moves bodily to the right, it tensions the springs 62,

because the depending finger v52 acts against Ihelcam nose 63 on lever BI and rocks it from the position shown in Fig. 13 to the position shown in Fig. 14.

When the keyboard moves 'to' the right in this manner, it also carries all of "the zero stops 69 from blocking position at the ends of the stop 36 into positions to clear all stop bars 36 and attached stop arms 41, as shown in Fig. 14. Then, to set up an item for subtraction, one merely depresses the keys 54 in the different rows to represent that item, and in the particular example illustrated, suppose that a key in the tens denominationa1 row was depressed, as shown inFig. 14, that would shift the zero stop for that row further :clear of the stop arm 4!, l and the lower end of that depressed key, instead of depending into the :path of vthe abutm'ents on the stop :bar 36, shown in Fig. .15, would depend into a position immediately above :the stop arm 44 on the tens denominational stop bar shown in Fig. 16. Then cycle of operation of the shaft 4 is initiated by the operation of the operatin motor or by manually operating the handle 5 forwardly to the full extent required by the full stroke sector and pawl l9, and then releasing the handle 5 for return by its spring 1 to its rearward position.

When the shaft 4 began this cycle of opera tion, the lever M4 was released and operated clockwise, as explained for addition, and the roller :98 released the latch 93. The rest of the operation is the same as above, except that all of thestep bars .36, except for-the tens and units denominational :order, will move forwardly to the full extent corresponding to that required to move their digit wheels through nine spaces. When stop bar 36 for the tens denominational order moves forwardly, the movement continues until one of the abutments =48 on that tens denominational stop arm M engages the lower end of the depressed key. Assuming that the number 3 key in the tens denominational row was depressed, as shown in Figs. 2'7 and 28, the forward movement of the stop bar unit for the tens denominational order would continue until .the cam 43 -on the lower edge of that stop arm 41 engaged the cross bar 38, and then the arm 41 would be rocked clockwise in Figs. 27 and 28 through continued forward movement of that stop bar unit. This 'enalbes the number -2 =stop abutment on the tens denominational stop arm 41 to pass the number 3 key which is depressed, and then the stop arm 4! is rocked to bring "the number 3 stop abutment thereon upwardly into 1 position toe-nga-ge the depressed number 3 key.

This determines the forward movement of that stop "bar unit, which is an amount corresponding to the nines complement of the number represented by the key which is depressed, which in this instance for the number 3 key would be six spaces.

In the case of each of the keys 2, 3, and 4 breach of the denominational orders except the units order, and in the case of the 2, 3, 4, and!) keys in the units order, the rocking actionof the arms 4-! is necessary in order to prevent these ireys from coacting with the preceding stops on the arms 41. For example, in the case of the tens, hundreds, and higher orders of the machine, the 2 key stem lies in front of the 1 stop on the armM when'the key is depressed. Similarly, the 3 and 4 key stems lie in front of the 2 and 3 stops on the arm 4|. Hence, if provision were not made forallowing the stop arm to move underneath these stops, improper operation of the machine would result. The same is true in the units order except that in this case the 2, :3, 4, and '5 key stems lie in front of the '1, 2, 3,, and 4 stops on the stop arm. This relationship results from the fact that the throw of the stop arms in moving from 1 to 9 or 1 to 10, as the case may be. is greater than "the space between adjacent key stems. and hence some overlapping between the key stems and the stops in the arms is necessary. The difficulty is taken care of, however, by pivoting the arms 41 at "42 and allowing the arms to move forward in their depressed positions through approximately onehalf of their forward travel, after which they are cammed up into engaging position by the cams The coaction between the 6, '7, 8, and 9 keys and their related stops on the arms 4| is not affected by this pivoting action, since, when these keys are depressed, the arms are stopped before the cams 43 reach the plate 38,

and hence no pivoting action of the arms occurs.

All of the other stop bar units move forwardly until their lugs 40 or 40a engage the cross bar 38, which is an amount such that when returned to initial position, they will move all their related digit denominational wheel above the units wheels through nine spaces and the units denominational digit wheel through ten spaces because the units denominational stop bar unit moves one space further than the others due to the fact that the lug 40a on the stop arm 4I for the units denominational bar is set back a distance of one space beyond the lugs 40 of the other stop bar units. At the end of the first half of the cycle of operation of the main shaft, the totalizer will be shifted back into driving engagement with its rack members, and as the main shaft returns to its initial position, the cross bar 3| will pick up the different rack arms and move them rearwardly, and thus rotate the individual digit wheels in the same direction, as in addition, so as to add or run into the digit wheels the complements of the numbers represented by the depressed keys. At the end of the return movement, the roller I29 rocks the lever I44 and causes a rocking of the key release bail I0. Whenever the key release bail TI! is rocked in this manner in subtraction, the pin I6 will engage the lug 58 and rock the latch 54 so as to disengage that latch from the depending lug 50a of the keyboard,

whereupon the keyboard is automatically returned by its spring 62 to its left-hand or normal addin position, if it had been displaced for subtraction purposes. Thus, at the end of each subtraction operation, the keyboard is returned to its normal adding position, and for each new subtraction operation, the keyboard should be shifted to the right before the subtraction operation of the main shaft is initiated.

As explained previously, the units denominational stop bar unit moves forwardly a distance represented by one space beyond the other stop bar units and, therefore, when the main shaft begins its return movement, the cross bar 3| will pick up the units denominational rack arm 32 and move the units denominational digit wheel a distance of one space before any of the other digit wheels are operated, so that if a carry-over is required, it will be performed. during the last space movement of the digit wheels at the end of the cycle of operation of the main shaft. If, as in this selected example, no key was depressed in the units denominational row, but the keyboard is set for subtraction, operation of the main shaft will cause the units denominational digit wheel to be rotated through a complete rotation, which would cause a transfer of one digit into the tens denominational wheel into which only a nines complement is added by its stop bar unit.

When one desires to clear the totalizer, after calculations have been completed, the total key I is rocked rearwardly from the positions shown in Fig. '7 to the positions shown in Figs. 20 and 22. Movement of this key I00 in this manner moves the link I04 upwardly, Figs. 20 and 22, and the arm I33 thereon engages the lug I34 of the latch 93 and raises it so as to clear the abutment 96 from the path of movement of the pin 90. The link I04 also rocks the plate I06 clockwise in Fig. 22, during which movement the nose or tooth U6 cams the flange I22 aside, which rocks the lever II8 idly and then releases it, whereupon the lever H8 is rocked to carry the flange I22 into engagement with the cam surface II I which is nearer the shaft I01 than was the surface H5. This enables a rocking of lever II8 counterclockwise in Fig. 22 sufficient to move the upstanding arm I2I into a position behind the pin 90 and thus prevent movement of pin 90 in a manner to rock the totalizer upwardly and disengage it from the rack members 34 as soon as the totalizcr is released by movement of the arm 88 away from the pin 81, Fig. 10. At the same time the engagement of the flange I22 beneath the tooth II6 on plate I06 serves to latch the plate I in that position against the action of the spring I32, so as to hold the clearance key I00 in its operative position.

When the lever II8 moves in this manner, it moves its pawl I25 into the path of travel of the roller I29. The plate I06, when it was rocked into the position shown in Fig. 20, also acted through the link I I0 to rock the lever II2 counterclockwise in Fig. 20, so as to cause the end II4 thereof to engage the pin 16 on the key release ball and rock the latter in a manner to release any operated keys. The same movement also served to operate the latch 54 to release the keyboard for return to its lefthand position if the keyboard had first been shoved into its subtract position, as shown in Fig. 2, without performing a subtraction operation and before the total key I00 is operated to cause a total clearing operation to clear said totalizer. As soon as the main shaft 4 begins its cycle of movement, the roller I29 releases lever I44 and roller 98 releases the latch 93, but the latter remains in its elevated or unlatched position through the action of the arm I33 which has engaged beneath the lateral lug I34 on latch 93.

The pin 90 is held against rearward movement under the action of its spring 89, notwithstanding the elevated position of the latch 93, because such movement is prevented by the upstanding arm I2I which was moved into the position shown in Fig. 20, upon operation of the total key I00. The totalizer i thus held in its lowered position in driving engagement with the rack members 34. and as the cross bar 3| moves forwardly, all of the rack arms 32 are free to move forwardly and cause a rotation of the digit wheels in the opposite direction, which is clockwise in Fig. 17, until the cam lugs or noses I66 on the digit wheels engage the lugs I61 of the transfer lever I68, see Fig. 9a, and then further movement of the digit wheels is prevented. Since the digit Wheels cannot rotate further in this reverse direction, the rack arms 32 will remain in the positions in which they are stopped while the cross arm 3I continues its forward movement. As the shaft is about to complete the first half of its cycle of movement, the roller I29 passes the pawl I on the lower end of lever II8, the pawl I25 swinging idly to allow roller I29 to pass.

As soon as the shaft 4 starts its return or sec- 0nd half of its cycle of movement, the roller I29 will engage the pawl I25, but since the pawl I20 cannot now swing on its pivot to allow roller I29 to pass, this action will cause the lever IIB to be cammed aside, clockwise in Fig. '7, which removes the arm I2I from the path of the pin 90. Since the latch 03 is still held elevated, the pin can now be moved by the spring 89 to elevate the totalizer and disengage it from the rack members. This removes the digit wheels from driving engagement with the rack members and then, as the shaft continues its return movement to its initial position, the cross bar 3I will pick up all of the rack arms and return them to their initial positions without rotation of the digit wheels of ;and the .arm :88. Fig. 10, engages in said other of its positions;

the :totalizer. Assoonas the omen has passed the upper end of the arm vi 2 l further movement or the "roller I29 will further cam the .lever 11118 iI-anenough to -clear thenose H'B on theplate 1516,

1'32 acting on :link 104 will i whereupon the spring .iret-urn the key L!) to its initial inactive "position and return the 13131161136 to its position, -shownin 17,. Assoon-as the roller I29 clears the pawl 115,:18V81 1-4-8 will be rocked by its spring until flanged :ag-ain engages :the cam edge H5 of plate 1-06.

#Asqthe shaft 4 is completing its cycle :of move- '-,ment;the-roller "I 29 rocks the lever :1 as before, which again may operate the {key release bail 1-0, the pinvBI, and :rooksdever 34 to restore pinddgtoits former posiitioniin front of abutment 96 on latch :93 and carry the totalizers downwardly into driving-engagementxwith'the rack members. Thus, the totalizer digit wheels have :been restored to zero posit-ions and the machine is ready for another addition or subtraction operation.

To cause a repeat oper :tion, the operator rnerely shifts the repeat key or lever 136 rear- :wardly, sets up the item or number in the keyboard and operates the crank arm ",5 on main {shaft bthe'desirednumber of times to enter that item in the tot-alizer as desired, and then the -:repeat key 1-36 is-rocked back into its normal position.

It will be understood-that various changes in the details and arrangements of parts, which have been herein described and illustrated in order.toexplain the nature of the inventiommay he made-by those skilled in the art within :the principle andscopeor thewinvention astexpressed i-n che appended claims.

claim as my invention:

In -,a calculating machine, a keyboard :unit shaving operable keys in which numbers corre sponding to the items of thecalculation areto besethp in succession by selective operation of said 1 keys; a total-izer; means mounting said unit for bodily movement between two positions; means cooperating with the keys of said keybcardand-said totalizer =ior entering the amounts of esucoessive -numhers set up on said keyboard :insaid totaliser according to one tweet-calculation when sa-idekeyboard isin oneoi said posiitions andior entering the amounts of successive numbers setuponsaidzkeyboard in said totalizer according to another type of calculation when said-keyboards in the other of its said positions; said keyboardhaving means to latch all operatedskeysin-effective position; means yieldingly verging said keyboard .into said one latchdeviceior releasably securing .saidkeyboard said keyboard having ,a .key releasememher which when operated awill unlatch all operated keys of said keyboard; means operated by the key release member ,for operating the latch to release the keyboard for movement into said one position; means operated automatically at each calculating operation gatteriall operated keys haveperformed their func- 'tionTi-or operating said keyrelease member, to release all-operated keys and to release the key hoard :Eor return to said one position if displaced therefrom; .a total'key; a control element man- .uallly operableinto oneposition by said total key; I

and means operable by said control element, when thelatter is moved into said one position, to 'operate'saidkey release member to release "any operatedkeys and to release the keyboard for movement into said one position ii displaced therefrom.

position; a

= .tion oi said keyboard 2. In a calculating machine, a frame; a totaliaer having a plurality of -.ind-ividual digit wheels disposed. side by side; a plurality of stopharnnits one for each of the digit wheels disposed side'hy side; means interacting'between each bar :unit and it-srelateddigit wheel for-operating the latter in a rotary direction an extent proportional to the extent of movement of that bar unit, each bar unit having two rows of abutments with the rows running in the direction of movement of that bar unit; a keyboard having a plurality of individually operable keys in which numbers corresponding to the items of the calculation may be set up in succession by selective operation of said keys, saidkeys having stopmeans which'are effective when the keys are operated and which are selectively engageable with one row'or the other of the abutments onsaid'stopbar units, for determining the extent of movementof the stop bar units according to the particular key operated, the extent ,of movementpermitted by one row of abutments oi each'unit representing the complement of that permitted by the abutments of the other row of the same unit; means for mounting the keyboard for shifting movement on saidirame to bring the stop means on the operated keys in alinernent with either row of abutments; means normally urging :the keyboard to a position in which the cooperation of the stop means-and the abutments allows'the stop bar units to moveextents corresponding to the value of keys operated; subtraction means for shifting the keyboard from its nor-- mal position to a position in which-the cooperation of the stop means and the abutments tallows the stop bar-units "to move extents corresponding tothe complement of the keys operated; .a latch pivotally mounted on said frame andyieldably urged into engagement with aperfor holding said keyboard in its shifted position; means yieldingly urging the stop bar units in a direction to carry the abutments toward said stop means; means for ,all of said stop-bar units have :been returned .to

their initial positions for releasing said latch andallowing said keyboard to be returned to its normal position under the influence of said urging means.

.3. -In a calculating machine, the combination of a main shaft; -,a pluralityoi digit wheels arranged side by side; aplurality of arms, one ior each digit wheel, mounted for independent oscillation about a common support; a plurality of links arranged side :by side and extending in the same direction irom said arms, one link being provided for-each-arm and having oneend pivotallyconneoted thereto, and also having thereon a row of abut-merits spaced apart along the length of the dink; means supporting the other ends oi said links for endwise movement when they are moved with .the arms; a member pivotally :mounted intermediate its ends on each link and disposed side by side therewith, each of said membersalsohaving a row of a'butments spaced apart therealong in the direction of the length of the link to which itis connected, said link supportingmeans also slidingly supporting the memhers adjacent said otherends-of the links; key controlled means ior disposingstops in the path of the abutments of either row selectively to determine the extent of movement of each arm "by the engagementcof the stopvmeans with an abutment on either the link or the member pivoted thereon; means yieldingly urging said links, members, and arms in a direction to move the abutments into engagement with the stops; means operable by the shaft for positively returning the li and the arms from their moved positions; and means to couple the arms to the digit wheels to enable the movement of the arms in one of said directions to be transferred to the digit wheels.

4. In a calculating machine having a main shaft scillata'ble through a given cycle, the combination of a keyboard; a plurality of rack members; spring-urged means connected to the rack members and means on the main shaft for operating the shifting means to shift the totalizer into engagement with the rack members at the end of the cycle of operation of the shaft; a pin on the shifting means; a latch biased to engage said pin and operable to and to operate the shifting means to shift the totalizer into engagement with the rack members to be operated thereby during the return movement of the rack members, said latch retaining the totalizer in engagement with the rack her for each digit wheel; means to shift the totalizer bodily to engage and disengage the digit wheels and the rack members; a keyboard; spring-urged means connected to the rack memmembers; means shifting means to through a fixed cycle;

dered effective by the total key,

pin to retain the totalizer in engagement with engagement with the the shaft for operating the shifting means to move the totalizer into engagement with the rack the pin in a position to be engaged by the latch to retain th totalizer in engagement with the

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