US2443890A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

June 22, 1948. P. BRUN INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 5. 1943 Inventor Fran en? Bra/7v June 22, 1948. P. BRUN iNTERNAL- COMBUS TION ENGINE Filed Juhe 5, 1945 4 sheets sheet 2 .1 LIL-:11. I

P/wdewz" Bram Inventor and WW Em June 22, 1948. P. BRU N INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE 4 Shets-Sheet 3 Filed June 5, 1943 Inventor Pr u/de wf .Brurv June 22', 1948.

P. BRUN I INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE 4 Shets-Sheet 4 Filed June 5, 1943 V Inventor Patented June 22, 1948 ourIne eaten?! rotates *INTE'RNAIfiCOll/[BUSTION ENGINE aPrudentcBnuna-Boyalton, Minn.,-assignor,-Lby direct and :mesner assignments, of one-fourthnto MEuPhrosineOAnna Brun,. lltnyalton,..and .one- ZfcuisthtdlWlIllHenhingfjStt CloudiMinn.

AppIication J-une'" 5, 1943*,Se1ial No; 489;811

.vscription: 1

1:111:OIdeHtOErihCrQaSeWllhGrDOtWfiIeiiOf.ldiheelen ne reachmylinclereis douhlazactin isthat is: ilfi y,

that- -while aepower; impulseixis received nisnne the .twolworking surfaces, of thespistonvwithlthe piston running in one direction;.land;-during1therv other half turn of the crankshaft, another power, exhaust andcompression -strokeis -performed on the twcrworking surfaces-.,ofethe piston, witlnlthe :piston running in theoppositecdirection.

l -[Anothert advantage of the inventionzresides in :the fact that each pistonnis rbuilt as: rhollow icylinden which is open oven,theggreateryportion :v-ofuthe: length of one side, sort-that thezcrankashaft cameasily be assembled,ltaken cutter; in-

idersis working on the same shaft, eachacylin- -';:der. can he easily removed by detachingrthec nd jcovers tron"). the cylinder block. Others, advantages reside in the water coolingvand in the oilcation.

Anmembodimentwofrmynnvention is illustrated in the drawings in which- Figure 1 is a top plan view of the preferred construction of a horizontal engine.

Figure 2 is a bottom plan view of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an axial section through one of the pistons and the cylinder block along the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a transverse section along the line l--4 of Figure 1, and

Figure 5 is a bottom plan view of one of the pistons.

In the drawings the same numerals refer to the same parts in all the views.

Reference numeral [0, Figure 4, indicates the cylinder block forming one unit and in which are shown three cylinder borings [2, I3 and I4 running through the engine block so as to be open at each end. A cover plate l5 and |5a is ispeicted Likewise, wherea plurality ofatheceylin- 30 .,z gprovided for each; end and bolted to the block r1 to: maker a .tightjoint, 'In. each of ,these bor- ,7 ings is mountedta rpistont H, (I B and: -l 9 .with the .zusual packingsazll near each end to prevent. gas

escape, Each piston hasntwolworking surfaces as -clearly, indicated, in Figure :3, where piston t I a t-is shownat theend -of the: stroke. to thel left, r-leaving ra-lsmallpspace for. compressed ,combustion gas asnats 2 l while a large space as atl22 l0 -is:to be--seen-at the right end,.after..completion of a power-stroke, .in the lefthanddirection of t-thetarrowtX.

l-Thetdouble strokes-of each; piston is-communicatedmthroughsa,connecting rod 24 to acommon 7 l5 ,crankshafta-1 5 Hcarried transversely to the axis ,of l the ;-pisto n-sbeneathv .the ic ylinder. block. l0, to "which this securedrbylbearingl caps. 26 land-bolts e21. v-Eachsconnecting rod 24 is--carried at one .end to .oscillate ,on a ,pivot pin 28s .held..,in bearing lugs 29 projecting. inwardly from .the lupper wall 30; of each. hollow:piston,. see Figure 3. This :connecting ,rod 24 his 10f elbow shape, reinforced at the; bend instead, ofbeingof, the usual straight :kind. The bottomtwall of thewpistonisacut away 25 .1301: provide an -opening- .of. Lsufilcient "width and lengthas at ,3 l to permit. the, arrangement of :the prank-sat them-required relatively small. distance .fr.0m .the axis. .of ..;the., cylinder and piston and .lthetreciprocation. of the connecting rod.

The elbowlshape-oflthe rod 24. permits a .direct A single connectiontbetween the ,double pistons I 1, 218,01!!! .andlitspcrank 25 on the crank. shaft and salpowerartran smission inlwhich the. anglelbetween .,the.:crank and thellineof connection joiningsthe ing system as described-in the following specifi- :twqpower; transmission. points...onlthepiston and on the crank :respectively: zdoeswnots differ. mate- ;riallyz-from the corresponding angles ,incthefl cus- -.;t0mary cranknand I'Od? connections, notwithstanding the unilateral and eccentric arrangement of 40 the connection rod joint with respect to the cylinder axis and to the plane of symmetry. This arrangement with an open piston bottom also permits of easy inspection and removal of connecting rods and crankshaft when necessary. It

also facilitates lubrication from the underside as the cylinder lubricating slot 32 can easily be reached from the bottom to apply the lubricant.

The pistons are assembled in the cylinder block or removed therefrom by taking off one or both of the end caps or cover plates I5. For water cooling the cylinder block is provided with cooling spaces 33.

The crankshaft carries at one end a balance wheel, which may serve as a belt sheave or pulley 35 and at its other end means for controlling 4 l but link connections or gears and pinions may be utilized. In order to insure smooth running an odd number of cylinders and pistons with stasgered crankshaft connections is necessary; three cylinders being here shown, which number may be increased to five, seven or more.

Inlet pipes 45 and 46 leading to on common manifolds 43 and 4 3 supply combustion gas to the valve chambers 4! and 48 with conduits 49 and as leading to the respective ends of each cylinder, Figures 1 and 3. Paired with the inlet pipes for each of the pistons are provided exhaust pipes i and 52 on manifolds 53and 54. 1 These exhaust pipes also connect with the gas chambers t3 "and M which have passages 55 and 56 respectively leading into them a suitable distance from each end of the corresponding cylinder.

The valve chambers 41 and 48 for controlling gas inlet and similar chambers for exhaust gases are each provided with a valve 38 and 39 around the spindle of which is wound a compression spring 59, 59 tending toclose the respective valve. The end of each spindle abuts against the surface of a cam 61 and 62 respectively, on the cam shafts 36 and 31 which are revolubly mounted on top of the cylinder block Ill and connected to revolve synchronously actuated by the chain gears 45, M from the crank shaft 25. As indicated in Figure 3,'the cams here both point in the same direction andas a consequence the right hand valve 39 is open for exhausting burnt gas through pipe as from chamber 48 and conduit 50 out of the space 22 at the right hand end of the cylinder;

' while simultaneously valve 38'at the other end of the cylinder is closed for exhaust in Figure 3 and another valve 38, similar thereto, is open while at the opposite end (at the right hand) another valvelike 35, not here shown, is closed.

This is best shown in Figure 1 where the cam shafts for each end of the cylinder i provided with an exhaust cam 6| or 62 and an inlet cam 6 la or 62a. That is to say, each ofthe cam shafts 3'6 and 37 have double the number of cams to the number of piston cylinders, which they are intended to serve and these cams must be adjusted in angular positions in order to time the opening 4 and closing of the valve to operate the combustion in correct sequence in each cylinder.

The invention can be applied to Diesel engines as well as electrically ignited internal combustion engines. For the latter construction spark plugs 60 and 60a are indicated in the cover plates at the ends of the cylinder.

Although merely one preferred embodiment of my invention has been described specifically it is not intended to limit the application of the I invention; thereto except as may be required by the scope of the claim.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

In a multiple internal combustion engine, comprising a plurality of open cylinders with double working surfaces at opposite ends, removable cylinder heads closing said cylinders, a single hollow cylindrical piston mounted for reciprocation within each of said cylinders, each piston being provided with piston rings near its ends, with a lubrication slot between said piston rings on one side and with a further slot on the opposite side of the cylinder, piston rod lugs arranged on the side face of piston, in a position nearer to one end of the piston than to the other end, a

common crankshaft for all cylinders arranged transversely to the axis of the cylinders, in close proximity to the cylinders but eccentrically with respect to said cylinders, a, number of cranks corresponding to the number of cylinders :on said shaft, elbow-shaped piston rods for connecting the pistons to said cranks, the elbow-shaped piston rods of adjacent cylinders being arranged at opposite sides of the crankshaft.

PRUDENT BRUN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the

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