US2440918A - Window frame - Google Patents

Description

May 4, 1948. A sL 2,440,918

WINDOW FRAME Filed April 29, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet l IN VEN TOR. #159552 T 4. Icy/nu nrmen/E VJ May 4, 1948. H. A. SCHIESSL WINDOW FRAME 3 Sheet's-Sheet 2 Filed April 29. 1944 uvmvron M86521 1?. Jar/55:1.

May 4, 1948. H. A. scl-m'zssL WINDOW FRAME Filed April 29, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 mmvrox. HERBERT 14. JcH/EssL Z o1( vqahmrr Klrfoem: vJ

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE wmnow ram Herbert a. simian, Seattle. Wash. Application sm-u 29, 1944, Serial No. 532.290

This invention relates to improvements in windows and it has reference more particularly to the provision of novel sheet-metal window frames and sashes especially designed for use in buildings having wooden frame structures; it being the principal object of this invention to provide a novel, practical and economical sheet metal construction wherein the window frame combines opposite side, top and lower jambs in a preformed, ready-to-install, unitary structure including outside moldings to which siding material or brick veneer may be applied or fitted in such manner as to eliminate the need for or use of the commonly used wooden moldings or trim. Furthermore, to equip the frame with an integral sash to which glazing may be directly applied, or to have one or more of the sash openings fitted with glazed frames that are hinged for swinging adjustment between open and closed positions for ventilation, and of a special form of construction that will insure tight, weatherproof Joints thereabout when closed.

It is also an object of this invention to provide a window frame of the above stated kind that is suitable for application to buildings having the usual and standardized wooden frame construction. Furthermore, a window frame that, by reason of novel features, adapts itself to various inside casings and trim.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a ventilated frame whereby to eliminate sweating of stationary glass panes and to effectively drain condensed moisture from the frame to the outside of the window.

Further objects of the invention are to be found in details of construction of various parts of the frame and sash; in the combination of sash and hinged panels and in the assembled relationship of parts as will hereinafter be fully described.

In accomplishing the above stated and other objects of the invention, I have provided the improved details of construction, the preferred forms of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is an outside, or front elevation of a sheet metal window embodied by this invention, as applied to an opening of a frame building.

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross sectional view, taken on the line 2--2 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal cross sectional view on line 3-3 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross sectional view illustrating an alternative form of frame detail.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken '1 Claims. (CL 189-75) 2 on line H in Fig. 1; parts being broken away to reduce the length of the view.

Fig. 8 is a front view of the parts shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged, horizontal section, as on line 1-1 in Fig. 6, illustrating the securement of the window frame in an opening, and showing one type of inside finish about the window openins and frame.

' Fig. 8 is an enlarged vertical section through the sill portion of a frame, showing the provision of ventilating holes to eliminate sweating and provide for drainage.

Fig. 9 is a cross sectional detail, illustrating an alternative or modified form of construction adapted for an inside metal casing.

Fig. 10 is a view of a window with a six-panel solid sash.

Fig. 11 is a Fig. 10.

Referring more in detail to the drawings- The present metal window is designed especially for application to buildings having standardized, wooden frame construction. and it cross section on line ll-ll in 95 is contemplated that it be made in various sizes,

asmay be required to adapt it to openings of different size. Furthermore, it is contemplated that it be made in dimensions that are more or less standardized with respect to the spacing of studs and the thicknesses of studs, sheathing and other wooden parts used in the building structure or in the finishing about the window opening. The window sash is integral with the frame and may be made with any specified number of glazed openings, and it is contemplated that some of the sash openings may be glazed and others fitted with glazed, hinged frames adapted to be swung between open and closed positions as required or desired for ventilation. The drawings herewith submitted illustrate details of typical installations and illustrate the novel features of the invention. These novel features may be embodied in windows that comprise one or more sash openings, and which are of various size.

In Figs. 1, 2 and 3, I have shown a typical window, embodying the improvements of this invention as applied to a wall opening. The wooden frame structure of the building wall comprises the doubled vertical studs "-8 II. shown at opposite sides of the wall opening in it across the top, and a plate I! across the bottom of the opening as noted in Fig. 2; the parts iil it. ii and 82 forming a rectangular frame of that predetermined size required to receive the window frame that is to be applied to the opening.

Fla. 3, the lihtel I As noted in Figs. 2 and 3, the outside of the building wall is sheathed with a sheathing material l3, which would ordinarily be common boards. seven-eighths of an inch thick. This is to be employed both with the usual wood-siding of various kinds, and with brick veneer or stucco finish. The sheathing I3 is cut somewhat short of the edges of the opening, leaving parts of the outer surface of the framing about the opening exposed, thus to form a nailing shoulder i4 against which the window frame is seated and secured as later explained. In the alternative construction illustrated in Fig. 4, the sheathing I3 is cut flush with the edges of the opening as defined by the studs. I -40 and top and bottom members II and I2. Thus the shoulder M is eliminated and the frame is seated against the sheathing. Ordinarily the horizontal distance between centers of those vertical studs at opposite sides of the opening would be sixteen inches or a multiple thereof; that is, thirty-two inches, forty-eight inches, etc., for purpose of standardization, and certain parts of the window frame have dimensions made to correspond to the thicknesses of certain standardized window trim, as will later be understood.

Window frames of this invention are ordinarily rectangular, and their dimensions are determined by, and are in accordance with the size of openings to which they are to be applied. Cross sections through either of the side members, top or bottom members of the window frame at any point, are all identical, as is indicated by the showing of these parts in the cross sectional views of Figs. 2 and 3; and each of these particular parts of the frame comprises a single and continuous metal strip. a The four strips enclosing the frame are cut on a forty-five degree bevel at their ends and the ends are fitted together and secured by welding; such welded joints being indlcated by the diagonal lines I 6 shown at the comers of the frame in Figs. 1 and 6.

In Fig. 3, the opposite side members of the window frame structure are designated respectively by reference characters L and R, while the top and bottom members of the frame are designated in Fig. 2 by reference characters T and B respectively; These four parts of the window frame are cut from pre-formed strips or lengths of material. Each strip is bent along longitudinal lines to form a hollow molding strip lengthwise thereof, and with the parts assembled, this forms a continuous molding about the window opening as a decorative feature and to which the wooden siding applied over the sheathing or the brick veneer, or other outside finish, can be joined in a weather-tight joint. This decorative molding, as embodied in the window frame members and as seen best in Figs. and 6, comprises an outer wall 20, an inside wall 2| and a front wall 22. In the application of the window frame to the window opening in the building wall, the part 22 is parallel to the building wall surface and the part 2| is somewhat inclined relative to the part 20 so as to make the distance across the base of this hollow molding somewhat greater than the width across the face 2|.

Along the outside' longitudinal edge of the molding, a continuous flange 25 is turned outward at a right angle to the wall 20, and this is adapted to engage flatly against the wall sheathing material, and to be overlaid by the ends of the wall siding material. The siding material, designated by reference numeral 26, may be ordinary drop siding, lap siding, shiplap, or brick veneer, and

when applied, would be fitted to the outer wall 20 of the moulding and would overlap the flange 25 as noted in Fig. 5. The flange 25 is formed with holes at intervals therealong to receive affixing nails. and the securement of the siding, by nailing therethrough, as at 21, see Fig. 6, holds this edge of the molding tightly in place, and this underlying flange insures a weather-tight joint between-the sheathing and window frame.

The inside, longitudinal wall portion 2| of the molding strip is extended inwardly beyond the plane of the outside flange 25 and is formed along its inner edge with a flange 28 extending its full length, parallel with the plane of the building wal1 surface, and this flange is seated against the nailing shoulder l4 and is formed at spaced intervals therealong with holes 29 to receive attaching screws 30, as noted in Figs. 5 and 6, to secure the frame in place.

At the outer longitudinal edge of the flange 28, the sheet metal is bent directly outwardly at a right angle, as at 3| in Figs. 5 and 7, then this outwardlyturned portion is bent at a right angle, as at 32, then this portion is bent inwardly at a right angle, as at 33, and this part forms a lamb member 34 somewhat spaced from the adjacent surfaces of the opening and extending into it a short distance. At its inner longitudinal edge this part 34 has a right angle, inturned flange 35. The bending of the frame material along the lines designated at 3!, 32 and 33, defines a hollow. outwardly projecting bead molding 36, designated as a weather stripping bead, within the outside molding, having certain definite and useful purposes, as later will be apparent.

- In the applying of the present window frame to a wall opening, the somewhat inwardly ex tended jamb portion 34 is disposed within the edges of the wall opening, and the outside flange 25 is engaged flatly against the sheathing material, and flange 28 seated against the nailing shoulder (4 about the opening. Then the frame is properly centered in the opening and is secured by the application of screws or nails through the flanges 25 and 28 along the edges of the main molding.

After the frame has thus been securedjsiding may be applied to the building and fitted to the outer wall of the main molding, as is seen in Figs. 2 and 3.

The area that is enclosed within the opposite side members L and R and top and bottom members T and B of the window frame, may be divided into panels of suitable size for glazing by horizontal or vertical cross bars or by both horizontal and vertical bars, to provide as many panels in the sash portion of the frame for glazing as desired. In some windows the sash openings may all have stationary glazing, while in other installations, it may be desirable to leave some panels of the frame unglazed and to apply hinged frames to these particular panels so that the panel may be opened or closed.

In the constructions where all openings have stationary glazing, the sash is divided into the required number of panels by vertical and horizontal cross bars 38 or T-shape, as seen in Figs. 10 and 11 of the drawings. These cross bars are applied with the head of the T inwardly. The

and that they be continuousin one direction across the frame from side to side. or top to bottom, and that the other cross pieces be filled in between them and all joints welded.

Where a hinged frame. is applied to a sash opening, such as shown to be applied to the top and bottom openings of the frame of Fig. l. the horizontal and vertical members defining those openings are of the kind shown best in Figs. 5. 6 and 7. In cross section, each or these stiles between panels comprises a metal strip that is bent to form base flanges til-til corresponding to and lying in the plane of flanges 36 of the mainframe, and an outside head 52 that corresponds in size and position to the weather stripping bead of the main frame.

In cross section, the enclosing members of any hinged frame are the same at all points and each is a continuous strip of metal bent in a manner to form an inner edge flange d lying in a p n parallel with the plane of the frame, and an enclosing frame iii; the parts 58 and 56 provide a seat for confining the pane of glass 62 held in place by putty 53. About its outer edge. the frame has a right angle flange 5% adapted to engage fiatly against the weather stripping bead and this has an inturned flange 55. This flange 55 is omitted from the top edge ofthese frames in ordernot to interfere with the movement of the frame in its swinging between open and closed positions, and a drip strip bl is applied along the top of the bead 36, with downturned flange bl to cover the joint between the bead and top edge of the hinged frame. Likewise, a drip strip Ed is applied to the bead it across the top edge of the lower hinged frame.

Preferably the open back sides of the sash stiles are covered by metal strips as shown at 56 in Fig. 5, to give a. better finish.

The hinged frames, as applied to the upper and lower sash openings in Fig. 1, are supported by hinge ears Bil fixed to the opposite end members of the frame near the upper corners. These ears have pivotal securement, as at M, to brackets 62 welded to the adjacent members of the window frame.

It is preferred also that each hinged frame be equipped at the center of its lower edge member and at the inside, with a pivoted latch 85, see

Fig. 5, that may be moved from and into holding engagement with the sash member.

In the finishing of the opening about a window of this character, various kinds of finishing material may be employed. In Fig. 7, I have shown a thin piece of casing material 10, such as plywood, applied flatly to the studding ill, with its outer edge inserted within the hollow weather stripping bead and its inner edge overlapping and flush with a plaster ground strip H. An inside casing strip 12 covers the ground strip and overlaps the plaster 13 and inner edge of easing member 10.

In Fig. 8 I have shown parts of the window frame as equipped with ventilation and drainage ports designed to overcome window sweating. In this design of parts, the under side wall of the weather stripping head is perforated at intervals, as at 8!, and the window stool 82 is cut back to provide an open channel 88 leading from within the sash up to these perforations. Any moisture that condenses on the window panes and runs down to the sill will be received in and directed by this channel to the drainage perforations 80. Furthermore, cool air isadmitted through these ports to the inside of the pane, and this has the 4.; tendency to eliminate or ency to eat.

In Fig. 9. I have shown the window as modified to adapt it to a metal casing. For this type of cas ing, the jamb portion 36 of the window frame is formed at intervals therealong with inwardly struck, offset wings id. The plywood casing member id, as used in the structure shown in Fig. 7, is replaced by two spaced strips of material it-lb lengthwise of the studding i a and likewise on the pieces it and i2. A sheet metal casing ll overlies these strips and its outer edge is inserted back of the jamb 8d and is held within the wings it. Along its inner edge, the metal casing has a finishing bead is serving as a plaster ground, and it has a laterally and back-turned flange it for nailing to the studding.

Where solid windows of the kind shown in Fig. 1c are employed, the sash is divided into panels by the cross member of T-shape. However, in all other respects the window frame may be equipped with any or all of the details heretofore described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A window frame having opposite side, top and bottom members; metal strip bent to define a jamb portion and an outside casing; said outside casing being bent along definite longitudinal lines to form a projecting finishing molding about the outer edge thereof, and a weather stripping bead inset from the molding, and a nailing flange along the base and outside of the molding to engage flatly against the sheathing of a building structure to which the frame is applied; said weather stripping bead being flush with the jamb portion and increasing its effective depth.

2. A window comprising a, frame having ODDosite side, top and bottom members; each member comprising a sheet metal strip bent longitudinally to define a lamb portion and an outside casing; said casing portions being bent along definite longitudinal lines to form an outwardly extended finishing molding about the frame, and a weather stripping bead inset from the molding and flush with the jamb portion and a nailing strip between the molding and the bead that is inset from the plane of the bead. I

3. The combination with a sheathed building frame having a window opening and a metal window frame applied to the opening having opposite side, top and bottom members, all of like cross sectional formation and each comprising a sheet metal strip bent along a longitudinal line to define an outside casing and a jamb portion; said outside casing being bent along definite longitudinal lines to form an outstanding finishing molding along the outer edge of the casing and a weather stripping bead insettherefrom along the inner edge of the casing and flush with the jamb portion, and there being an out-turned nailing flange along the outside edge of the molding to engage against a sheathed portion of the building frame and a. nailing strip between the molding and bead, that is inset from the plane of the bead and from the plane of the first mentioned nailing flange to engage against an unsheathed portion of the building frame.

4. A window frame as in claim 3 wherein the said finishing molding has an outside Wall that is perpendicular to the plane of the window frame, and said nailing flange is turned outwardly at a right angle along the base edge of this wall. to receive a wall siding material thereover when said at least reduce the tendeach comprising a sheet material is fitted to the molding and said 5. In combination, a wall having a window opening, a window frame applied in the opening and having opposite side, top and bottom members, each comprising a sheet metal strip bent along a longitudinal line to define a jamb portion and an outside casing; said strips being bent along definite lines to form an outwardly extending finishing molding about the frame, and a weather stripping bead inset and spaced therefrom and flush with the ,iamb portion; said weather stripping bead being hollow and open to the inside of the frame, and an inside casing applied to the window opening and projected into the hollow Weatherstripping bead.

6. A combination as recited in claim 5 wherein the weather stripping bead across the bottom of the window frame is perforated for ventilation and drainage, and the casing for the window opening is spaced inwardly from this head to provide an open passage thereto at the inside of the frame.

7. In combination, a window frame having opposite side, top and bottom portions, each comprising a continuous metal strip bent at a right angle along a longitudinal line to define an outside casing and a jamb portion; said casing being formed with a finishing molding along its out- 8 or edge and having a weather stripping bead along its inner edge inset and spaced from the molding and flush with the lamb portion, cross stiles in the frame setting ofl sash openings therein, each of said stiles having a longitudinal bead thereon, even with and corresponding to the weather stripping bead of the casing, and glass frames hingediy suspended in some of the openings for outward opening and each having inwardly opening channels along side and bottom edges thereof to receive corresponding weather stripping beads of the stiles and frame therein, a top member overlapping the weather stripping bead and a drip strip fixed on the bead to overlap the said top member.

with clearance to avoid interference with movement of the frame in its opening or closing action.

HERBERT A. SCI-HESSL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

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