US2440209A - Method and apparatus for finishing and shrinking textile fabrics - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for finishing and shrinking textile fabrics Download PDFInfo
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- US2440209A US2440209A US571841A US57184145A US2440209A US 2440209 A US2440209 A US 2440209A US 571841 A US571841 A US 571841A US 57184145 A US57184145 A US 57184145A US 2440209 A US2440209 A US 2440209A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
- D06C7/02—Setting
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- This invention relates to the finishing of textile fabrics; and especially to the finishing of piece goods, in strip form, which have been shrunken in accordance with the process disclosed in my prior U. S. Letters Patent No. 2,325,544, using an apparatus of thesame general character as, or the equivalent of, that shown and described in my companion prior U. S. Letters Patent No. 2,325,545, dated July 27, 1943.
- the aforesaid shrinking process was predicted upon the premise that complete shrinkage of knitted fabrics could be obtained, walewise and coursewise, by working and maintaining the fabrics in a completely relaxed state, in the presence of heat and moisture; by which the yarns forming the knitted stitches of the fabric are placed and maintained under longitudinal compression, whereby the individual fibres are relieved of all tension resulting from carding, condensing, spinning, twisting, etc., of the yarns, and the subsequent knitting and processing of the fabric, and whereby the bres are permitted to return substantially to their original natural kinky condi tion.
- the fabric is then dried while it is still in its thoroughly relaxed state, and garments made from fabrics processed in this manner will not shrink thereafter, regardless of how many times the garments may be subsequently laundered.
- the tubular knit goods from which washable garments, such as undershirts, drawers, slips, etc., are usually made are normally run through a finishing process, after being scoured and/or bleached, to remove wrinkles from the fibres, to straighten the stitch wales in the fabric, and to give the fabric a smooth sleek finished appearance, preparatory to the fabric being cut to size and shape for seaming to complete the garment.
- the ordinary finishing process usually consists in steaming and moistening the fabric and then running it through a pair of driven heated calendering rolls, with a loose spreader floating inside the tube immediately in advance of the nip of the calendering rolls.
- the fabric From the take-oil reels the fabric usually passes vertically downward, between another pair of driven rolls which delivers the fabric onto a horizontally reciprocating table, by which the fabric is laid back and forth in successive layers until a pile of desired thickness is obtained, or the fabric is wound in a roll upon a core or mandrel.
- TheV temperature of the calendering rolls, at the speed at which the fabric passes between the calendering rolls, is not sufficient, in either case, to dry the fabric thoroughly before it is piled onl the reciprocating table or wound in the roll.
- the layers are bound together to form a bundle, which is then removed from the piling table for storing or for shipping to the underwear manufacturer.
- the fabric dries out in'such rolls and bundles, and due to the fact that the fabric was moist and under ⁇ tension when packaged, the lfabric usually contains as high as 15% shrinkage and seldom if ever, does this shrinkage run as low as 10% when cut and seamed in the ultimate garment.
- One object of the present invention is to provide a process and apparatus for nishing pre- -shrunken fabrics and particularly those which have been preshrunken in accordance with the process disclosed in my aforesaid prior patents, whereby the nal residual shrinkage of the iinished fabric will be maintained at substantially zero in the ultimate garments produced therefrom.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide novel means for stripping the moist fabric from the calenderingrolls without placing the fabric under any tension in addition to that to which the fabric is necessarily subjected in be-l ing drawn over the floating spreader, by the calendering rolls.
- Another object of the invention is to provide means for reshrinking the fabric to remove any gain that may have been acquired by the fabric as a resultof the tube being drawn over the spreader in advance of the calendering rolls.
- Anotherobject of the invention is to provide means by which the ilbres of the yarns in the fabric may be maintained in a relaxed condition; and to provide means for thoroughly drying the fabric while the bres are maintained in such a relaxed condition, prior to the fabric being fed to the piling table or being wound in a roll on a
- Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description taken with the disclosures of the accompanying drawings of which:
- Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional elevation diagrammatically illustrating apparatus for finishing the fabric in accordance with the present invention.
- Figs. 2 and3 are views similar to Fig. 1 showing modified arrangements of the apparatus.
- a strip S, of tubular knib fabric is fed, in a flattened condition, between a pair of power driven heated calendering rolls I and 2, with a flat boot-shaped spreader frame 5, of ordinary open grid-like foraminous, or other suitable construction, floating freely within the tube at the intake side of said rolls, with the straight rear end edge ,4 of the frame closely adjacent the nip of the calendering rolls I and 2, and with the portion of the frame just astern of the rounded head end 3 of the frame lying between a pair of power driven rolls t and l, by which the opposite separated face plies of the tubular fabric, spread apart by the thickness of the frame 5, are drawn onto and pushed along the frame 5 into the nip of the calendering rolls I and 2.
- the frame 5 spreads the tube laterally into a smooth flat condition and holds it to a predetermined width as it enters the nip of the calendering rolls, and at the same time causes the stitch wales to straighten out and lie parallel to the longitudinal center line and side edges of the frame. This is common practice in the art and needs no further explanation.
- the fabric is moistened and heated by sprays of steam or hot water t, t playing on the fabric from beneath, above, or both preparatory to the flattened fabric entering the nip of the calendering rolls I and 2.
- the double plies of the flattened tube are lifted olf or prevented from adhering to the peripheral surfaces of the rolls Il and 2 by stripper blades I0 and II respectively, which may be of any desired cross sectional contour.
- the stripper l0 is of a thin crescent shaped cross section, with the concave side of slightly greater radius than the peripheral surface of the'roll I and positioned with very slight clearance therebetween.
- the convex face of the stripper It is of smaller radius than the concave face and the two intersect in relatively thin feather edges extending substantially parallel to each other and to the axis of the roll I.
- the stripper II is preferably of a substantially triangular cross section with the face adjacent 4 the peripheral surface of the calendering roll 2 convex and slightly clearing said roll surface.
- Asecond face of the triangular stripper Il lying adjacent and spaced apart from the convex face of the stripper I0 is also preferably of a concave nature, While the third face of the triangular stripper II may be flat, convex, concave or any other shape that may be desired.
- the calendering rolls I ⁇ and 2 revolve they deliver the flattened double-ply fabric strip S through an arcuate slot I2 formed byl and between the adjacent convex and concave faces respectively of the stripper bars of blades I0 and II, which directs the fabric downwardly onto the lower end of an inclined traveling belt or apron I5 which is trained around a roll I4 adjacent the peripheral surface of the lower calendering roll I, below the lower edge of the stripper bar III, and. a second roll I3 remotely disposed at a higher elevation whereby the upper run of the apron I5 is disposed at a substantial angle to the horizontal.
- both of the rolls I3 and I4 may be driven to drive the apron I5 at a linear speed less than the peripheral speeds of the calendering rolls I and 2, preferably. from 1% to 2% less, so that the fabric is completely relaxed on apron I5 after its passage through the calendering rolls.
- the apron I5 delivers the fabric S over the high roll I3 from which it hangs vertically and passes between a pair of power driven delivery rolls I6 and II, traveling at a peripheral speed substantially equal to the linear speed of the apron I5.
- the rolls I6, I1 deliver the fabric to either an ordinary roll forming device for rolling the fabric on a core or mandrel or preferably onto a horizontally reciprocable flat piling table 20 of usual well known construction which is reciprocated longitudinally at a linear speed consistent with the peripheral speed of the delivery rolls I6, I1.
- these reciprocable piling tables are usually provided with automatic clamps I3, I9 which bear on the top most of the layers of fabric successively piled on the table 2li to hold the one end of a layer being formed during the travel of the table 2@ relative to the fixed rolls I6, il by which each successive layer is formed.
- the apron I5 i-s housed in 4a drying chamber 25 which is preferably of an insulated walled construction to retain the interior thereof at a sufficiently.
- any suitable means common to the drying art may be employed for maintaining the interior of the chamber 25 at the desired drying temperature, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such as steam' coils, electric heating coils, etc., with or without circulating fans or blowers by which heated air may be circulated within or through the chamber 25 to dry the fabric S as it reposes on the apron I5.
- the linear speed of the apron I5 and the peripheral speed of the delivery rolls I6, I1 are regulated relative to the peripheral speed of the calendering rolls I, 2 by use of any of the well known variable speed power transmitting devices, such as the Reeves drive, etc., to insure complete drying and complete contraction ofthe fabric between the instant it is deposited on the lower end of the inclined apron I5 until it is delivered thereby over the upper supporting roll i3 of said apron.
- the drying chamber may be made to include the delivery side of the calendering rolls I and 2 and the stripper bars I Il and Il if desired or with one end wall 24 of the drying chamber adjacent the rear of the rolls I and 2 andstripper bars I Il and II as shown in Fig. 1.
- the calendering rolls I and 2 instead of being arranged with their axes in a common vertical plane, as shown in Fig. 1, may be installed with their axes in a common horizontal plane, as shown at la, 2a in Fig. 2.
- the spreader frame 5a would be arranged in a vertical plane and a feed reel 25 would be mounted above the upper end of the spreader frame to feed the tubular fabric vertically downward to said frame.
- a pair of molstening devices 8a, 8b would be installed adjacent the opposite faces respectively of the spreader 5a with enclosures 2'I housing the spray pipes 8a, 8b and open on their sides adjacent the two plies of fabric respectively passing over the opposite flat faces of the frame 5a.
- the inclined apron in such structures as shown in Fig. 2 would extend downwardly on an angle beneath the calendering roll-s Ia, 2a and the fabric S would then fall directly from the nip of the rolls Ia, 2a onto the top run of the conveyer apron I5a, through a suitable opening 28 formed in the upper wall of an angular prolongation 29 of the drying chamber 25a.
- the stripper bars I0 and II may be eliminated as the fall of the fabric from the nip of the calendering rolls I a, 2a onto the dryer apron 5a would obviate the use of the stripper bars I0 and Il for stripping the fabric from the peripheral faces of the rolls I a and 2a.
- three calendering rolls I b, 2b, and 30 may be arranged with the axes of the rolls Ib, 2b in a common vertical plane and with the axes of the, rolls Ib, 30 in a common hori zontal plane.
- the apron I5b and dryer prolongation 29b would extend below the rolls Ib and 30 as noted with respect to the rolls la, 2a in Fig. 2.
- the spray pipes 8c, 8d would then set horizontally -above and below the spreading frame 5c within f oraminous endless belts 21e and 21d which would travel at the same surface speed as the calendering rolls Ib, 2b, and move the fabric along the spreader 5a into the bite of the calendering rolls without any frictional back drag on the frame 5c.
- any gainthe dry fabric passing onto the outer end 3 of the spreader 5 may acquire when it isl moistened as it is being passed along the frame 5 will be lost again when the fabric is permitted to rest in a relaxed state on the apron 5 moving at slower speed thanthe surface speed of the calendering rolls I and 2 so that by the time the fabric is thoroughly dried on the apron I5b it has returned to it-s zero state of shrinkage before beit will be understood that the present invention is applicable in cases where the fabric has been processed by other methods and apparatuses which are in general use and by which preshrinking to the same extent as I have been able to attain is impossible.
- the present invention is applicable, and the drying of the fabric in a quiescent thoroughly relaxed state on the belts I5, I5a or I5b traveling at a reduced speed with respect to the peripheral speed of the calendering rolls will result in the non-shrunken fabric shrunken to some extent during the finishing operation.
- Apparatus for finishing fabric comprising a set of calendering rolls, means for moistening the fabric in advance of said rolls, means adjacent and spaced from the peripheral surfaces of said rolls for stripping the moist calendered fabric from said rolls said strippingmeans having an intermediate slot through which the stripped fabric passes from said rolls, means for relaxing the fabric following said rolls, and means for drying the fabric while in a relaxed condition under control of said relaxing means.
- Apparatus for finishing fabric comprising a pair of calendering rolls, means for moistening the fabric in -advance of said rolls, a Pair of stripper bars disposed adjacent the peripheries of said rolls respectively and providing a delivery slot for said fabric therebetween, means for relaxing the fabric following stripping thereof from said rolls by said bars, and means for drying the fabric while relaxed.
- Apparatus for finishing fabric comprising a pair of calendering rolls, means for moistening the fabric in advance of said rolls, a pair of stripping bars having concave faces respectively disposed adjacent the peripheral surfaces of said rolls and complementary surfaces providing a delivery slot for said fabric, means for relaxing the fabric following its removal from said rolls by said bars, and means for drying the fabric while relaxed.
- a method of finishing and shrinking textile fabric lwhich comprises moistening the fabric, passing the moist fabric between power-driven calendering rolls, depositing the fabric on a. movable surface directly from said rolls substantially free from tensional stress, moving sai-d surface at a speed less than the peripheral speed of said rolls, whereby the fabric is completely relaxed on said surface after its passage through said rolls, and applying heat to the fabric to dry it while it is in a relaxed condition on said surface.
- Apparatus for finishing and shrinking textile fabric comprising a set of power-driven calendering rolls,v means for moistening the fabric in advance of said rolls, a conveyor arranged to re- 2,440,200 7 y 8 ceive the fabric directly from said rolls substanpassage through said rolls. and means for aptially free from tensional stress, means actuating plying heat to the fabric to dry it while it is in a said conveyor at a surface speed less than the relaxed con-ditiononsaid conveyor.
- Apparatus for ng an s r ng extiie fabric comprising a set of power-driven cal- 10 UNITED STATES PATENTS endering rolls.
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Description
April Z0, 1948. F. R. REDMAN 2,440,209
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FINISHNG AND SHRINKING TEXTILE FABRICS i Filed Jan. 8, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet I l.
April 20, 1948. F.`R. REDMAN v 2,440,209
METHOD AND APPARATUS non Fnusrune AND summum; TEXTILE mamas Filed Jan. 8,` 1945 :5'sneets-sheet`2 `April Z0, 1948. V F. R. REDMAN 2,440,209
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FINISHINGAND SHRINKING TEXTILE FABRICS Filed Jan. 8.v 1945 3 sheets-sheet s' Patented Apr. 20, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT loI-FICE METHOD AND APPARATUS FR FINISHING AND SHRINKING TEXTILE FABRICS Frank R. Redman, Yardley, Pa. Application January 8, 1945, Serial No. 571,841
s claims. (C1. zii-1&5)
This invention relates to the finishing of textile fabrics; and especially to the finishing of piece goods, in strip form, which have been shrunken in accordance with the process disclosed in my prior U. S. Letters Patent No. 2,325,544, using an apparatus of thesame general character as, or the equivalent of, that shown and described in my companion prior U. S. Letters Patent No. 2,325,545, dated July 27, 1943.
The inventions as disclosed in the aforesaid prior patents have found particular aptitude in the shrinking of tubular knit goods, from which underwear and other washable articles of clothing, etc., are manufactured. Under these inventions it has been possible to reduce residual shrinkage in knitted tubular fabrics of the type employed for making undershirts, etc., to practically zero. l
The aforesaid shrinking process was predicted upon the premise that complete shrinkage of knitted fabrics could be obtained, walewise and coursewise, by working and maintaining the fabrics in a completely relaxed state, in the presence of heat and moisture; by which the yarns forming the knitted stitches of the fabric are placed and maintained under longitudinal compression, whereby the individual fibres are relieved of all tension resulting from carding, condensing, spinning, twisting, etc., of the yarns, and the subsequent knitting and processing of the fabric, and whereby the bres are permitted to return substantially to their original natural kinky condi tion.
The fabric is then dried while it is still in its thoroughly relaxed state, and garments made from fabrics processed in this manner will not shrink thereafter, regardless of how many times the garments may be subsequently laundered.
Ordinarily, the tubular knit goods from which washable garments, such as undershirts, drawers, slips, etc., are usually made, are normally run through a finishing process, after being scoured and/or bleached, to remove wrinkles from the fibres, to straighten the stitch wales in the fabric, and to give the fabric a smooth sleek finished appearance, preparatory to the fabric being cut to size and shape for seaming to complete the garment.
The ordinary finishing process usually consists in steaming and moistening the fabric and then running it through a pair of driven heated calendering rolls, with a loose spreader floating inside the tube immediately in advance of the nip of the calendering rolls.
From the calendering rolls the fabric is passed over and around two or more spaced driven take= oil reels by which the fabric is placed under tension and is pulled away from the calendering rolls, to preventsticking of the fabric to the rolls.
From the take-oil reels the fabric usually passes vertically downward, between another pair of driven rolls which delivers the fabric onto a horizontally reciprocating table, by which the fabric is laid back and forth in successive layers until a pile of desired thickness is obtained, or the fabric is wound in a roll upon a core or mandrel.
TheV temperature of the calendering rolls, at the speed at which the fabric passes between the calendering rolls, is not sufficient, in either case, to dry the fabric thoroughly before it is piled onl the reciprocating table or wound in the roll.
When the pile of moist fabric reaches the desired thickness, the layers are bound together to form a bundle, which is then removed from the piling table for storing or for shipping to the underwear manufacturer.
The fabric dries out in'such rolls and bundles, and due to the fact that the fabric was moist and under` tension when packaged, the lfabric usually contains as high as 15% shrinkage and seldom if ever, does this shrinkage run as low as 10% when cut and seamed in the ultimate garment. Y
It has been found that fabric which has been shrunken and dried in accordance with my aforesaid process, if finished in the ordinary manner as noted above, gains in length to some extent, but less than usual, during finishing and thereby takes on an undesirable degree of shrinkage, approximately 7% to 8%, due to the remoistening of the fabric and the tension under which the fabric is placed by the take-olf reels which draw the fabric away from the calendering rolls, and
'additionally, by the driven rolls which feed the fabric onto the reciprocating piling table.
One object of the present invention is to provide a process and apparatus for nishing pre- -shrunken fabrics and particularly those which have been preshrunken in accordance with the process disclosed in my aforesaid prior patents, whereby the nal residual shrinkage of the iinished fabric will be maintained at substantially zero in the ultimate garments produced therefrom.
Another object of the present invention is to provide novel means for stripping the moist fabric from the calenderingrolls without placing the fabric under any tension in addition to that to which the fabric is necessarily subjected in be-l ing drawn over the floating spreader, by the calendering rolls.
Another object of the invention is to provide means for reshrinking the fabric to remove any gain that may have been acquired by the fabric as a resultof the tube being drawn over the spreader in advance of the calendering rolls.
Anotherobject of the invention is to provide means by which the ilbres of the yarns in the fabric may be maintained in a relaxed condition; and to provide means for thoroughly drying the fabric while the bres are maintained in such a relaxed condition, prior to the fabric being fed to the piling table or being wound in a roll on a Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description taken with the disclosures of the accompanying drawings of which:
Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional elevation diagrammatically illustrating apparatus for finishing the fabric in accordance with the present invention; and
Figs. 2 and3 are views similar to Fig. 1 showing modified arrangements of the apparatus.
As shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings a strip S, of tubular knib fabric, is fed, in a flattened condition, between a pair of power driven heated calendering rolls I and 2, with a flat boot-shaped spreader frame 5, of ordinary open grid-like foraminous, or other suitable construction, floating freely within the tube at the intake side of said rolls, with the straight rear end edge ,4 of the frame closely adjacent the nip of the calendering rolls I and 2, and with the portion of the frame just astern of the rounded head end 3 of the frame lying between a pair of power driven rolls t and l, by which the opposite separated face plies of the tubular fabric, spread apart by the thickness of the frame 5, are drawn onto and pushed along the frame 5 into the nip of the calendering rolls I and 2.
The frame 5, as usual, spreads the tube laterally into a smooth flat condition and holds it to a predetermined width as it enters the nip of the calendering rolls, and at the same time causes the stitch wales to straighten out and lie parallel to the longitudinal center line and side edges of the frame. This is common practice in the art and needs no further explanation.
As the flattened fabric is advanced along the frame 5 by the pull of the calendering rolls I and 2 and the push of the advancing rolls 6 and l, the fabric is moistened and heated by sprays of steam or hot water t, t playing on the fabric from beneath, above, or both preparatory to the flattened fabric entering the nip of the calendering rolls I and 2.
At the delivery side of the calendering rolls i and 2 the double plies of the flattened tube are lifted olf or prevented from adhering to the peripheral surfaces of the rolls Il and 2 by stripper blades I0 and II respectively, which may be of any desired cross sectional contour.
Preferably, the stripper l0 is of a thin crescent shaped cross section, with the concave side of slightly greater radius than the peripheral surface of the'roll I and positioned with very slight clearance therebetween. The convex face of the stripper It is of smaller radius than the concave face and the two intersect in relatively thin feather edges extending substantially parallel to each other and to the axis of the roll I.
The stripper II is preferably of a substantially triangular cross section with the face adjacent 4 the peripheral surface of the calendering roll 2 convex and slightly clearing said roll surface.
Asecond face of the triangular stripper Il lying adjacent and spaced apart from the convex face of the stripper I0 is also preferably of a concave nature, While the third face of the triangular stripper II may be flat, convex, concave or any other shape that may be desired.
As the calendering rolls I `and 2 revolve they deliver the flattened double-ply fabric strip S through an arcuate slot I2 formed byl and between the adjacent convex and concave faces respectively of the stripper bars of blades I0 and II, which directs the fabric downwardly onto the lower end of an inclined traveling belt or apron I5 which is trained around a roll I4 adjacent the peripheral surface of the lower calendering roll I, below the lower edge of the stripper bar III, and. a second roll I3 remotely disposed at a higher elevation whereby the upper run of the apron I5 is disposed at a substantial angle to the horizontal.
Either or. both of the rolls I3 and I4 may be driven to drive the apron I5 at a linear speed less than the peripheral speeds of the calendering rolls I and 2, preferably. from 1% to 2% less, so that the fabric is completely relaxed on apron I5 after its passage through the calendering rolls.
The apron I5 delivers the fabric S over the high roll I3 from which it hangs vertically and passes between a pair of power driven delivery rolls I6 and II, traveling at a peripheral speed substantially equal to the linear speed of the apron I5.
The rolls I6, I1 deliver the fabric to either an ordinary roll forming device for rolling the fabric on a core or mandrel or preferably onto a horizontally reciprocable flat piling table 20 of usual well known construction which is reciprocated longitudinally at a linear speed consistent with the peripheral speed of the delivery rolls I6, I1.
The mechanism by which the table 20 is reciprocated is well known in the art and per se forms no part of the present invention, further disclosure therefore is believed to be unnecessary.
Furthermore, these reciprocable piling tables are usually provided with automatic clamps I3, I9 which bear on the top most of the layers of fabric successively piled on the table 2li to hold the one end of a layer being formed during the travel of the table 2@ relative to the fixed rolls I6, il by which each successive layer is formed.
In accordance with the present invention, the apron I5 i-s housed in 4a drying chamber 25 which is preferably of an insulated walled construction to retain the interior thereof at a sufficiently.
high temperature, for example from 250 F. to 306 F., to dry the fabric thoroughly while it reposes in a relaxed condition on the apron i5, from the time it is deposited on said apron adjacent the calendering roll I until it is delivered by the apron i5 over the upper roll I3 which supports the apron.
Any suitable means common to the drying art may be employed for maintaining the interior of the chamber 25 at the desired drying temperature, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such as steam' coils, electric heating coils, etc., with or without circulating fans or blowers by which heated air may be circulated within or through the chamber 25 to dry the fabric S as it reposes on the apron I5.
During the drying of the fabric as it reposes in a relaxed state on the apron I5, any gain the fabric may have acquired as a result of the tube being moved into and along the spreader is taken out of the fabric because of the speed of the apron I5 being less than the peripheral speed of the calendering rolls I and 2, yby which the fabric is at no time placed under tension and ls permitted to rest and to contract freely on the apron I5 until it is thoroughly dried.
Preferably the linear speed of the apron I5 and the peripheral speed of the delivery rolls I6, I1 are regulated relative to the peripheral speed of the calendering rolls I, 2 by use of any of the well known variable speed power transmitting devices, such as the Reeves drive, etc., to insure complete drying and complete contraction ofthe fabric between the instant it is deposited on the lower end of the inclined apron I5 until it is delivered thereby over the upper supporting roll i3 of said apron.
The drying chamber may be made to include the delivery side of the calendering rolls I and 2 and the stripper bars I Il and Il if desired or with one end wall 24 of the drying chamber adjacent the rear of the rolls I and 2 andstripper bars I Il and II as shown in Fig. 1.
If desired the calendering rolls I and 2, instead of being arranged with their axes in a common vertical plane, as shown in Fig. 1, may be installed with their axes in a common horizontal plane, as shown at la, 2a in Fig. 2.
Under such circumstances, the spreader frame 5a would be arranged in a vertical plane and a feed reel 25 would be mounted above the upper end of the spreader frame to feed the tubular fabric vertically downward to said frame.
In such instances a pair of molstening devices 8a, 8b would be installed adjacent the opposite faces respectively of the spreader 5a with enclosures 2'I housing the spray pipes 8a, 8b and open on their sides adjacent the two plies of fabric respectively passing over the opposite flat faces of the frame 5a.
The inclined apron, in such structures as shown in Fig. 2 would extend downwardly on an angle beneath the calendering roll-s Ia, 2a and the fabric S would then fall directly from the nip of the rolls Ia, 2a onto the top run of the conveyer apron I5a, through a suitable opening 28 formed in the upper wall of an angular prolongation 29 of the drying chamber 25a.
With the arrangement'dislosed in Fig. 2, the stripper bars I0 and II may be eliminated as the fall of the fabric from the nip of the calendering rolls I a, 2a onto the dryer apron 5a would obviate the use of the stripper bars I0 and Il for stripping the fabric from the peripheral faces of the rolls I a and 2a.
A-s shown in Fig. 3, three calendering rolls I b, 2b, and 30 may be arranged with the axes of the rolls Ib, 2b in a common vertical plane and with the axes of the, rolls Ib, 30 in a common hori zontal plane.
In this case the apron I5b and dryer prolongation 29b would extend below the rolls Ib and 30 as noted with respect to the rolls la, 2a in Fig. 2. The spray pipes 8c, 8d would then set horizontally -above and below the spreading frame 5c within f oraminous endless belts 21e and 21d which would travel at the same surface speed as the calendering rolls Ib, 2b, and move the fabric along the spreader 5a into the bite of the calendering rolls without any frictional back drag on the frame 5c.
From the foregoing it wil1 be clear that any gainthe dry fabric passing onto the outer end 3 of the spreader 5 may acquire when it isl moistened as it is being passed along the frame 5 will be lost again when the fabric is permitted to rest in a relaxed state on the apron 5 moving at slower speed thanthe surface speed of the calendering rolls I and 2 so that by the time the fabric is thoroughly dried on the apron I5b it has returned to it-s zero state of shrinkage before beit will be understood that the present invention is applicable in cases where the fabric has been processed by other methods and apparatuses which are in general use and by which preshrinking to the same extent as I have been able to attain is impossible. Under such circumstances the present invention is applicable, and the drying of the fabric in a quiescent thoroughly relaxed state on the belts I5, I5a or I5b traveling at a reduced speed with respect to the peripheral speed of the calendering rolls will result in the non-shrunken fabric shrunken to some extent during the finishing operation.
I claim:
1. Apparatus for finishing fabric comprising a set of calendering rolls, means for moistening the fabric in advance of said rolls, means adjacent and spaced from the peripheral surfaces of said rolls for stripping the moist calendered fabric from said rolls said strippingmeans having an intermediate slot through which the stripped fabric passes from said rolls, means for relaxing the fabric following said rolls, and means for drying the fabric while in a relaxed condition under control of said relaxing means.
2. Apparatus for finishing fabric comprising a pair of calendering rolls, means for moistening the fabric in -advance of said rolls, a Pair of stripper bars disposed adjacent the peripheries of said rolls respectively and providing a delivery slot for said fabric therebetween, means for relaxing the fabric following stripping thereof from said rolls by said bars, and means for drying the fabric while relaxed.
3. Apparatus for finishing fabric comprising a pair of calendering rolls, means for moistening the fabric in advance of said rolls, a pair of stripping bars having concave faces respectively disposed adjacent the peripheral surfaces of said rolls and complementary surfaces providing a delivery slot for said fabric, means for relaxing the fabric following its removal from said rolls by said bars, and means for drying the fabric while relaxed.
4. A method of finishing and shrinking textile fabric, lwhich comprises moistening the fabric, passing the moist fabric between power-driven calendering rolls, depositing the fabric on a. movable surface directly from said rolls substantially free from tensional stress, moving sai-d surface at a speed less than the peripheral speed of said rolls, whereby the fabric is completely relaxed on said surface after its passage through said rolls, and applying heat to the fabric to dry it while it is in a relaxed condition on said surface.
5. Apparatus for finishing and shrinking textile fabric, comprising a set of power-driven calendering rolls,v means for moistening the fabric in advance of said rolls, a conveyor arranged to re- 2,440,200 7 y 8 ceive the fabric directly from said rolls substanpassage through said rolls. and means for aptially free from tensional stress, means actuating plying heat to the fabric to dry it while it is in a said conveyor at a surface speed less than the relaxed con-ditiononsaid conveyor.
peripheral speed of said rolls, whereby thaeftfbiic FRANK R. REDMAN. is completely relaxed on said conveyor r s 5 passage through said rolls, and means for ap- REFERENCES CITED Flyin! heat t0 the fabric ti dry it While 1t 19in 9' The following references are of record in the relaxed condition on iicsi tzlonveyt. h mm t `me of this patent:
6. Apparatus for ng an s r ng extiie fabric, comprising a set of power-driven cal- 10 UNITED STATES PATENTS endering rolls. means for moistening the fabric Nunn-,e1-v Name Date in advance of said rolls. a pair of stripper bars 104,740 Jones June 28, 1870 disposed adjacent said rolls to strip the moist .495,310 Crawford Apr. 11, 1893 fabric therefrom and providing a delivery slot 1,401,539 Cunningham Dec. 27, 1921 for said fabric, a. conveyor arranged to receive 15 1,485,921 Herrick, Jr. Mar, 4, 1924 the fabric directly from said rolls substantiels." 1,790,655 Cohn Ii'eb. 3, 1931 free from tensional stress. means actuating said 1,907,786 Gessner May, 9, 1933 conveyor at a surface speed less than the peri- 2,052,948 simpson Sept. 1, 1936 pherai speed of said rolls. whereby the fabric 1S 2,071,035 Jenett Feb. 16, 1937 completely relaxed on said conveyor after its zo 2,187,344 Cohn et 1 Jam 16, 1940
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US571841A US2440209A (en) | 1945-01-08 | 1945-01-08 | Method and apparatus for finishing and shrinking textile fabrics |
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US571841A US2440209A (en) | 1945-01-08 | 1945-01-08 | Method and apparatus for finishing and shrinking textile fabrics |
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US2440209A true US2440209A (en) | 1948-04-20 |
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2588624A (en) * | 1949-09-10 | 1952-03-11 | Evans Richard | Method of finishing knitted fabric |
US2610934A (en) * | 1948-11-22 | 1952-09-16 | California Refinforced Plastic | Method of and apparatus for making honeycomb material |
US2619444A (en) * | 1947-02-06 | 1952-11-25 | Dufay Ltd | Method of producing structural elements from web material |
US2669001A (en) * | 1949-09-29 | 1954-02-16 | Collins & Sikman Corp | Method and apparatus for treating yarns |
US2746278A (en) * | 1952-06-14 | 1956-05-22 | Trimless Inc | Steaming attachment for cloth spreading machines |
DE1114160B (en) * | 1958-10-08 | 1961-09-28 | L & L Mfg Inc | Device for shrinking tubular goods |
US3067997A (en) * | 1960-09-02 | 1962-12-11 | Clary Corp | Strip folding device |
US3447884A (en) * | 1963-08-03 | 1969-06-03 | Rhodiaceta Ag | Crease-proof woven and knitted fabrics |
US3447885A (en) * | 1962-04-21 | 1969-06-03 | Rhodiaceta Ag | Crease-proof woven and knitted fabrics |
US3468044A (en) * | 1965-11-26 | 1969-09-23 | Shell Oil Co | Method for preconditioning polypropylene fabrics for ironing |
US4573958A (en) * | 1984-05-08 | 1986-03-04 | Biesinger Peter J | Cuttling machine for continuous input of web |
US4875260A (en) * | 1986-06-17 | 1989-10-24 | Sperotto Rimar S.P.A. | Apparatus for the presettable calendering of tubular knitted fabric |
US6061885A (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2000-05-16 | Morrison Berkshire, Inc. | Press roll system |
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US495310A (en) * | 1893-04-11 | Ironing-machine | ||
US1401589A (en) * | 1920-03-02 | 1921-12-27 | Cunningham Thomas | Method and apparatus for stretching and pressing knit tubular fabrics |
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US2052948A (en) * | 1932-10-15 | 1936-09-01 | Prosperity Co Inc | Method and apparatus for shrinking textile fabrics |
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2619444A (en) * | 1947-02-06 | 1952-11-25 | Dufay Ltd | Method of producing structural elements from web material |
US2610934A (en) * | 1948-11-22 | 1952-09-16 | California Refinforced Plastic | Method of and apparatus for making honeycomb material |
US2588624A (en) * | 1949-09-10 | 1952-03-11 | Evans Richard | Method of finishing knitted fabric |
US2669001A (en) * | 1949-09-29 | 1954-02-16 | Collins & Sikman Corp | Method and apparatus for treating yarns |
US2746278A (en) * | 1952-06-14 | 1956-05-22 | Trimless Inc | Steaming attachment for cloth spreading machines |
DE1114160B (en) * | 1958-10-08 | 1961-09-28 | L & L Mfg Inc | Device for shrinking tubular goods |
US3067997A (en) * | 1960-09-02 | 1962-12-11 | Clary Corp | Strip folding device |
US3447885A (en) * | 1962-04-21 | 1969-06-03 | Rhodiaceta Ag | Crease-proof woven and knitted fabrics |
US3447884A (en) * | 1963-08-03 | 1969-06-03 | Rhodiaceta Ag | Crease-proof woven and knitted fabrics |
US3468044A (en) * | 1965-11-26 | 1969-09-23 | Shell Oil Co | Method for preconditioning polypropylene fabrics for ironing |
US4573958A (en) * | 1984-05-08 | 1986-03-04 | Biesinger Peter J | Cuttling machine for continuous input of web |
US4875260A (en) * | 1986-06-17 | 1989-10-24 | Sperotto Rimar S.P.A. | Apparatus for the presettable calendering of tubular knitted fabric |
US6061885A (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2000-05-16 | Morrison Berkshire, Inc. | Press roll system |
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